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Ding LY, Tang GY, Chen MZ, Wang FP, Wang JF, Ye HJ, Li QS. Bioaccessibility and human health risks of arsenic from geological origin in lateritic red soil on construction land. Chemosphere 2024; 358:142192. [PMID: 38701862 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Current human health risk assessments of soil arsenic (As) contamination rarely consider bioaccessibility (IVBA), which may overestimate the health risks of soil As. The IVBA of As (As-IVBA) may differ among various soil types. This investigation of As-IVBA focused As from geological origin in a typical subtropical soil, lateritic red soil, and its risk control values. The study used the SBRC gastric phase in vitro digestion method and As speciation sequential extraction based upon phosphorus speciation extraction method. Two construction land sites (CH and HD sites) in the Pearl River Delta region were surveyed. The results revealed a high content of residual As (including scorodite, mansfieldite, orpiment, realgar, and aluminum arsenite) in the lateritic red soils at both sites (CH: 84.9%, HD: 91.7%). The content of adsorbed aluminum arsenate (CH: 3.24%, HD: 0.228%), adsorbed ferrum arsenate (CH: 8.55%, HD: 5.01%), and calcium arsenate (CH: 7.33%, HD: 3.01%) were found to be low. The bioaccessible As content was significantly positively correlated with the As content in adsorbed aluminum arsenate, adsorbed ferrum arsenate, and calcium arsenate. A small portion of these sequential extractable As speciation could be absorbed by the human body (CH: 14.9%, HD: 3.16%), posing a certain health risk. Adsorbed aluminum arsenate had the highest IVBA, followed by calcium arsenate, and adsorbed ferrum arsenate had the lowest IVBA. The aforementioned speciation characteristics of As from geological origin in lateritic red soil contributed to its lower IVBA compared to other soils. The oxidation state of As did not significantly affect As-IVBA. Based on As-IVBA, the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of soil As in the CH and HD sites decreased greatly in human health risk assessment. The results suggest that As-IVBA in lateritic red soil should be considered when assessing human health risks on construction land.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Yao Ding
- College of Environment and Climate, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, China.
| | - Guang-Yong Tang
- College of Environment and Climate, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, China.
| | - Ming-Zhu Chen
- College of Environment and Climate, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, China.
| | - Fo-Peng Wang
- College of Environment and Climate, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, China.
| | - Jun-Feng Wang
- College of Environment and Climate, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, China.
| | - Han-Jie Ye
- College of Environment and Climate, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, China.
| | - Qu-Sheng Li
- College of Environment and Climate, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, China.
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Xia Y, Liu Y, Chen T, Xu Y, Qi M, Sun G, Wu X, Chen M, Xu W, Liu C. Combining Cd and Pb isotope analyses for heavy metal source apportionment in facility agricultural soils around typical urban and industrial areas. J Hazard Mater 2024; 466:133568. [PMID: 38262321 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Facility agriculture enhances food production capabilities. However, concerns persist regarding heavy metal accumulation resulting from extensive operation of this type of farming. This study integrated the total content, five fractions, and isotope composition of Cd and Pb in intensively farmed soils in regions characterized by industrialization (Shaoguan, SG) and urbanization (Guangzhou, GZ), to assess the sources and mechanisms causing metals accumulation. We found significantly more severe Cd/Pb accumulation and potential mobility in SG than GZ. Cd displayed higher accumulation levels and potential mobility than Pb. The distinct isotopic signals in SG (-0.54 to 0.47‰ for δ114/110Cd and 1.1755 to 1.1867 for 206Pb/207Pb) and GZ (-0.86 to 0.12‰ for δ114/110Cd and 1.1914 to 1.2012 for 206Pb/207Pb) indicated significant differences in Cd/Pb sources. The Bayesian model revealed that industrial activities and related transportation accounted for over 40% and approximately 30%, respectively, of the average contributions of Cd/Pb in SG. While urban-related (26.6%) and agricultural-related (26.3%) activities primarily contributed to Cd in GZ. The integration of δ114/110Cd and 208Pb/206Pb has further enhanced the regional contrast in sources. The present study established a comprehensive tracing system for Cd-Pb, providing crucial insights into the accumulation and distribution of these metals in facility agricultural soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, PR China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agricultural, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China; National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Guangdong Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Science, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China
| | - Yuhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, PR China
| | - Tao Chen
- South China Normal University, School of Environment, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Yudi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Meng Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Guangyi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, PR China
| | - Xian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Manjia Chen
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Guangdong Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Science, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China
| | - Wenpo Xu
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Guangdong Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Science, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China
| | - Chengshuai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, PR China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agricultural, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Guangdong Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Science, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China.
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Fakayode SO, Walgama C, Fernand Narcisse VE, Grant C. Electrochemical and Colorimetric Nanosensors for Detection of Heavy Metal Ions: A Review. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:9080. [PMID: 38005468 PMCID: PMC10675469 DOI: 10.3390/s23229080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Human exposure to acute and chronic levels of heavy metal ions are linked with various health issues, including reduced children's intelligence quotients, developmental challenges, cancers, hypertension, immune system compromises, cytotoxicity, oxidative cellular damage, and neurological disorders, among other health challenges. The potential environmental HMI contaminations, the biomagnification of heavy metal ions along food chains, and the associated risk factors of heavy metal ions on public health safety are a global concern of top priority. Hence, developing low-cost analytical protocols capable of rapid, selective, sensitive, and accurate detection of heavy metal ions in environmental samples and consumable products is of global public health interest. Conventional flame atomic absorption spectroscopy, graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy, atomic emission spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, and X-ray fluorescence have been well-developed for HMIs and trace element analysis with excellent but varying degrees of sensitivity, selectivity, and accuracy. In addition to high instrumental running and maintenance costs and specialized personnel training, these instruments are not portable, limiting their practicality for on-demand, in situ, field study, or point-of-need HMI detection. Increases in the use of electrochemical and colorimetric techniques for heavy metal ion detections arise because of portable instrumentation, high sensitivity and selectivity, cost-effectiveness, small size requirements, rapidity, and visual detection of colorimetric nanosensors that facilitate on-demand, in situ, and field heavy metal ion detections. This review highlights the new approach to low-cost, rapid, selective, sensitive, and accurate detection of heavy metal ions in ecosystems (soil, water, air) and consumable products. Specifically, the review highlights low-cost, portable, and recent advances in smartphone-operated screen-printed electrodes (SPEs), plastic chip SPES, and carbon fiber paper-based nanosensors for environmental heavy metal ion detection. In addition, the review highlights recent advances in colorimetric nanosensors for heavy metal ion detection requirements. The review provides the advantages of electrochemical and optical nanosensors over the conventional methods of HMI analyses. The review further provides in-depth coverage of the detection of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), mercury (Hg), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) ions in the ecosystem, with emphasis on environmental and biological samples. In addition, the review discusses the advantages and challenges of the current electrochemical and colorimetric nanosensors protocol for heavy metal ion detection. It provides insight into the future directions in the use of the electrochemical and colorimetric nanosensors protocol for heavy metal ion detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayo O. Fakayode
- Department of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy, Georgia College and State University, Milledgeville, GA 31061, USA
| | - Charuksha Walgama
- Department of Physical and Applied Sciences, University of Houston-Clear Lake, Houston, TX 77058, USA;
| | - Vivian E. Fernand Narcisse
- Department of Chemistry, Forensic Science and Oceanography, Palm Beach Atlantic University, West Palm Beach, FL 33401, USA; (V.E.F.N.); (C.G.)
| | - Cidya Grant
- Department of Chemistry, Forensic Science and Oceanography, Palm Beach Atlantic University, West Palm Beach, FL 33401, USA; (V.E.F.N.); (C.G.)
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Sarpong L, Boadi NO, Akoto O. An analysis of the foremost issues with artisanal and small-scale gold mining from Ghana's perspective. Environ Monit Assess 2023; 195:1383. [PMID: 37889345 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-12016-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Ghana has abundant mineral reserves in many of its regions, and gold mining remains one of the country's main sources of revenue. Given Ghana's current position in the global gold market, this review provides insight into the ASGM sector to give an understanding of the pertinent issues in the sector and its role in the socio-economic development of the country. This review assesses the effects of ASGM operations in economic, social, health, and environmental contexts to raise awareness of issues related to ASGM. It evaluates the measures taken to lessen the consequences of ASGM and maintain the sector's long-term viability. This review considers the foremost issues, including continued Hg use in ASGM, recent use of cyanide in ASGM, pollution of water bodies, and toxic metal contamination. It takes into account sustainable measures and remedial techniques that Ghana has implemented to alleviate the negative effects and support best mining practices. The primary factors influencing people to participate in ASGM are the need for quick sources of income, the scarcity of jobs in rural areas, the economic hardship, the need to supplement earnings from other activities like trading, and the comparatively meager profits from agricultural activities. Findings indicated that to gain more traction in addressing the challenges in the ASGM sector, the involvement of the community and direct stakeholders is essential to promoting responsible mining and environmentally sustainable practices. This review will increase awareness and pressure on decision-makers, researchers, and ASGM communities about the relevance of environmental conservation and sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Sarpong
- Department of Chemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
| | - Nathaniel Owusu Boadi
- Department of Chemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Osei Akoto
- Department of Chemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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Bedoya-Perales NS, Escobedo-Pacheco E, Maus D, Neimaier A, Pumi G. Dataset of metals and metalloids in food crops and soils sampled across the mining region of Moquegua in Peru. Sci Data 2023; 10:483. [PMID: 37491548 PMCID: PMC10368736 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02363-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been an increase in interest in the accumulation of heavy metals and metal(loid)s (HMM) in areas where agriculture and mining exist side by side. As a contribution to this body of knowledge, we report the first dataset into HMM concentrations in food crops and agricultural soils in Moquegua, which is a typical mining region and contains one of Peru's largest copper deposits. Thanks to its geographic diversity, samples were taken in different agroecological regions at altitudes between 9 and 3,934 m. For food crops, 31 elements were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and atomic absorption spectrometry. For soils, 23 elements were measured using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Thus, the dataset includes a total of 13,828 observations from 341 sampling sites. We hope that this dataset will facilitate a wide range of agricultural and food safety studies, as well as serving as a reference for monitoring changes in pollution over time or comparing HMM levels with other farmlands influenced by mining activities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Diogo Maus
- Instituto Federal Farroupilha; Alameda Santiago do Chile, 195 - Nossa Sra. das Dores, 97050-685, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Alisson Neimaier
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Estatística - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 9500 Bento Gonçalves avenue, 91509-900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Pumi
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Estatística - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 9500 Bento Gonçalves avenue, 91509-900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Hou Y, Zhao Y, Lu J, Wei Q, Zang L, Zhao X. Environmental contamination and health risk assessment of potentially toxic trace metal elements in soils near gold mines - A global meta-analysis. Environ Pollut 2023; 330:121803. [PMID: 37187277 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Gold mining is the most important anthropogenic source of heavy metal emissions into the environment. Researchers have been aware of the environmental impacts of gold mining activities and have conducted studies in recent years, but they have only selected one gold mining site and collected soil samples in its vicinity for analysis, which does not reflect the combined impact of all gold mining activities on the concentration of potentially toxic trace elements (PTES) in nearby soils at a global scale. In this study, 77 research papers from 24 countries were collected from 2001 to 2022, and a new dataset was developed to provide a comprehensive study of the distribution characteristics, contamination characteristics, and risk assessment of 10 PTEs (As, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in soils near the deposits. The results show that the average levels of all 10 elements are higher than the global background values and are at different levels of contamination, with As, Cd, and Hg at strong contamination levels and serious ecological risks. As and Hg contribute to a greater non-carcinogenic risk to both children and adults in the vicinity of the gold mine, and the carcinogenic risks of As, Cd, and Cu are beyond the acceptable range. Gold mining on a global scale has already caused serious impacts on nearby soils and should be given adequate attention. Timely heavy metal treatment and landscape restoration of extracted gold mines and environmentally friendly approaches such as bio-mining of unexplored gold mines where adequate protection is available are of great significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaru Hou
- College of Geo-exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130026, PR China
| | - Yuyan Zhao
- College of Geo-exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130026, PR China
| | - Jilong Lu
- College of Geo-exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130026, PR China.
| | - Qiaoqiao Wei
- College of Geo-exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130026, PR China
| | - Libin Zang
- College of Geo-exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130026, PR China
| | - Xinyun Zhao
- College of Geo-exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130026, PR China
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Anyimah-Ackah E, Ofosu IW, Lutterodt HE, Darko G. Exposures and Health Risks Associated with Elements in Diets from a Gold Mining Area. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:1518-1530. [PMID: 34191217 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02777-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
There has been a concern of metal contamination from the mining areas which could expose the population to toxic metal through consumption of food products in the regions. Therefore, the study was conducted to analyze 18 elements using X-ray fluorescence analyzer and to assess for metal exposure through dietary intakes. Dietary recall survey instrument was used to collect consumption, demographic, and anthropometric data from 308 consumers in life-stage groups: toddlers, adolescents, and adults. Cassava, maize, rice, tomato, and yam indigenous diet samples (66) from the gold mining regions of Ghana were obtained by purposively sampling from street vendors. Principal component analysis was used to apportion pollution source. Health risks due to dietary elements were quantified using US EPA probabilistic protocols for cancer and non-cancer disease endpoints. Deficiency and overage risks of essential elements were tested against reference nutrient intakes. The element-diet-location mode of principal component analysis separated cassava and maize diets as significant vehicles for both essential and toxic elements apportioned to mining pollution source. The chronic daily intake trend revealed a preponderance for arsenic (maize: toddlers 0.009, adolescents 0.025 adults 0.010 mg/kg-d) and lead (maize: toddlers 0.009, adolescents 0.026, adults 0.010 mg/kg-d) exposure through maize diets compared to cassava diets. The hazard quotient showed (HQ > 1) life-stage risk differentiation for barium, although there were cumulative and pervasive health risks for all age groups based on the hazard index (Ag, Ba, Cd, Co, Hg, Mn, Mo, Sb, Sn, Sr, U, V, W, and Zr). The likely cancer risk (mode) for all life-stage groups (3 × 10-6-1 × 10-2) were also high in that they exceeded the 1 × 10-6 safety threshold. The modal margin of exposure (MoE < 1) alerted high public health concern due to lead-induced toxicities among all life-stage groups through all diet vehicles. Regarding nutritional adequacy, there were possible overage risks associated with selenium, including deficiency risks for calcium, potassium, and zinc for all life-stage groups. Toddlers and adolescents were susceptible to iron deficiency risks through cassava diets and iron overage risks through maize diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekpor Anyimah-Ackah
- Department of Food and Nutrition Education, University of Education, Winneba, Ghana.
| | - Isaac Williams Ofosu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Herman Erick Lutterodt
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Godfred Darko
- Department of Chemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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Cossa H, Scheidegger R, Leuenberger A, Ammann P, Munguambe K, Utzinger J, Macete E, Winkler MS. Health Studies in the Context of Artisanal and Small-Scale Mining: A Scoping Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:1555. [PMID: 33562086 PMCID: PMC7914471 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) is an important livelihood activity in many low- and middle-income countries. It is widely acknowledged that there are a myriad of health risk and opportunities associated with ASM. However, little is known with regard to which aspects of health have been studied in ASM settings. We conducted a scoping review of peer-reviewed publications, using readily available electronic databases (i.e., PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) from inception to 14 July 2020. Relevant information was synthesized with an emphasis on human and environmental exposures and health effects in a context of ASM. Our search yielded 2764 records. After systematic screening, 176 health studies from 38 countries were retained for final analysis. Most of the studies (n = 155) focused on health in ASM extracting gold. While many of the studies included the collection of environmental and human samples (n = 154), only few (n = 30) investigated infectious diseases. Little attention was given to vulnerable groups, such as women of reproductive age and children. Our scoping review provides a detailed characterisation of health studies in ASM contexts. Future research in ASM settings should address health more comprehensively, including the potential spread of infectious diseases, and effects on mental health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hermínio Cossa
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, P.O. Box, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland; (A.L.); (P.A.); (J.U.); (M.S.W.)
- University of Basel, P.O. Box, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland
- Manhiça Health Research Centre, C.P. 1929 Maputo, Mozambique; (K.M.); (E.M.)
| | - Rahel Scheidegger
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, P.O. Box, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Andrea Leuenberger
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, P.O. Box, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland; (A.L.); (P.A.); (J.U.); (M.S.W.)
- University of Basel, P.O. Box, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Priska Ammann
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, P.O. Box, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland; (A.L.); (P.A.); (J.U.); (M.S.W.)
- University of Basel, P.O. Box, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Khátia Munguambe
- Manhiça Health Research Centre, C.P. 1929 Maputo, Mozambique; (K.M.); (E.M.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University Eduardo Mondlane, C.P. 257 Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Jürg Utzinger
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, P.O. Box, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland; (A.L.); (P.A.); (J.U.); (M.S.W.)
- University of Basel, P.O. Box, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Eusébio Macete
- Manhiça Health Research Centre, C.P. 1929 Maputo, Mozambique; (K.M.); (E.M.)
- National Directorate of Public Health, Ministry of Health, C.P. 264 Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Mirko S. Winkler
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, P.O. Box, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland; (A.L.); (P.A.); (J.U.); (M.S.W.)
- University of Basel, P.O. Box, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland
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Luo Q, Ren Y, Sun Z, Li Y, Li B, Yang S, Zhang W, Hu Y, Cheng H. Atmospheric mercury pollution caused by fluorescent lamp manufacturing and the associated human health risk in a large industrial and commercial city. Environ Pollut 2021; 269:116146. [PMID: 33316504 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Although already eliminated in most industrial processes, mercury, as an essential ingredient in all energy-efficient lighting technologies, is still used in fluorescent lamp manufacturing. This study was conducted to investigate the atmospheric pollution caused by fluorescent lamp production and assess the associated public health risk in a large industrial and commercial city of south China, Zhongshan, which is a major production hub of lighting products. Concentrations of total gaseous mercury (TGM) in the atmosphere were measured over a total of 342 sites in the industrial, commercial, and residential areas. The average levels of TGM in the industrial, commercial, and residential areas prior to the landing of a typhoon were 12 ± 11, 3.6 ± 2.1, and 2.7 ± 1.3 ng⋅m-3, respectively. TGM concentrations in the industrial areas exhibited significant diurnal variation, with levels in the working hours being much higher than those in the non-working hours, which indicates that the high atmospheric mercury concentrations were contributed by local emissions, instead of regional transport. Most fluorescent lamp manufacturing activities in the city were shut down during a typhoon event, which resulted in a significant reduction in the average TGM level (down to 1.6 ± 1.8 ng⋅m-3) and rendered the difference in the average TGM levels in the industrial areas no longer significant between the working and non-working hours. Elevated TGM levels (up to 49 ng⋅m-3) were found near clusters of small-scale fluorescent lamp workshops in both industrial and commercial areas, which is indicative of significant emissions of mercury vapor resulting from obsolete equipment and production technologies. No significant non-carcinogenic risk was found for the general residents in the sampling area over the study period, while the risk for the workers in the fluorescent lamp manufacturing facilities and workshops could be higher. These findings indicate that fluorescent lamp manufacturing in the developing countries is a major source of atmospheric mercury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Luo
- MOE Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yuxuan Ren
- MOE Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zehang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yu Li
- MOE Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Bing Li
- MOE Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Sen Yang
- MOE Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Wanpeng Zhang
- MOE Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yuanan Hu
- MOE Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Hefa Cheng
- MOE Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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Akanchise T, Boakye S, Borquaye LS, Dodd M, Darko G. Distribution of heavy metals in soils from abandoned dump sites in Kumasi, Ghana. Scientific African 2020; 10:e00614. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2020.e00614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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