Evaluation of the Herb,Cissus quadrangularisin Accelerating the Healing Process of Femur Osteotomies in dogs

Cissus quadrangularis L: A comprehensive multidisciplinary review

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE

Cissus quadrangularis L. is a perennial herb of the Vitaceae family and is utilized comprehensively as a medicinal herb in most tropical regions by various names. This herb is documented to possess a wide-ranging ethnomedicinal uses in malaria, fever, epilepsy, gout, piles, skin diseases, colic, etc. AIM OF THE REVIEW: A organized summary of the botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology, available marketed formulations and filed patents were presented to explore the future therapeutic potential and scientific potential of this herb.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

For a review of the literature, various databases were searched, including PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus etc. From, total 408 records of this herb, we have screened 155 articles consist of desired information and available as full text. Present manuscript is structured from comprehensive information on this herb from screened 155 records. Plant taxonomy was confirmed to the database "The Plant List".

RESULTS

Phytochemical assessment as a whole indicated the presence of flavonoids, triterpenoids, alkaloids, saponins, iridoids, stilbenes, vitamins, steroids, and glycosides. A toxicity study revealed that its LD₅₀ value is above 3000 mg/kg in animals indicating its safety. A variety of pharmacological studies of aerial parts of this herb by different extracts have demonstrated analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsant, antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-osteoporotic activity and other bone-related disorders to justify its name as Hadjod. Still, the herb has been utilized in clinical practice and several patents were filed in India and US for its antiosteoporotic property.

CONCLUSION

The studies on Cissus quadrangularis Linn. are extensive, but gaps still remain. The molecular mechanism, structure-activity relationship, potential synergistic and antagonistic effects of these components needs to be further elucidated. These findings suggest the need for further research on this herb for the management of several other chronic ailments.

An Assessment of the Osteogenic Potential of Cissus quadrangularis in Mandibular Fractures: A Pilot Study

Background

A routine mandibular fracture matures in about 12 weeks and hence hinders normal function significantly. Alternatives are being researched to hasten the healing and allow early function. This prospective study aimed to assess the osteogenic potential of the drug Cissus quadrangularis (CQ) on the mandibular fracture healing.

Design

Prospective randomized study.

Results

The study between the groups revealed a statistically significant increase in the alkaline phosphatase levels in CQ group in comparison with control group. The radiographic findings (increment in density and rate of change of density), clinical findings (mobility, swelling, reduction in pain) and other biochemical findings (serum calcium, serum phosphorous) did not differ statistically between the CQ and control groups.

Conclusion

Based on the lack of a statistically significant improvement in almost all parameters except for the alkaline phosphatase levels, we believe that a larger sample size is required to ascertain the absolute value of CQ before adding it to the mandibular fracture regimen.