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Fotouhi AR, Chiang SN, Peterson AM, Doering MM, Skolnick GB, Naidoo SD, Strahle JM, McEvoy SD, Patel KB. Neurodevelopment in unilateral coronal craniosynostosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Neurosurg Pediatr 2023; 31:16-23. [PMID: 36272117 DOI: 10.3171/2022.9.peds22283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The current literature on unilateral coronal craniosynostosis is replete with repair techniques and surgical outcomes; however, information regarding neurodevelopment remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to comprehensively assess the neurodevelopmental outcomes of patients with unicoronal craniosynostosis compared with their healthy peers or normative data. METHODS A systematic review of the Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases from database inception to January 19, 2022, was performed. Included studies assessed neurodevelopment of patients with unicoronal craniosynostosis. Two independent reviewers selected studies and extracted data based on a priori inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results of developmental tests were compared with normative data or controls to generate Hedges' g statistics for meta-analysis. The quality of included studies was evaluated using the National Institutes of Health Assessment Tool. RESULTS A total of 19 studies were included and analyzed, with an overall fair reporting quality. A meta-analysis of 325 postoperative patients demonstrated that scores of general neurodevelopment were below average but within one standard deviation of the norm (Hedges' g = -0.68 [95% CI -0.90 to -0.45], p < 0.001). Similarly, postoperative patients exhibited lower scores in verbal, psychomotor, and mathematic outcome assessments. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review and meta-analysis found that patients with unicoronal craniosynostosis had poorer neurodevelopment, although scores generally remained within the normal range. These data may guide implementation of regular neurocognitive assessments and early learning support of patients with unicoronal craniosynostosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annahita R Fotouhi
- 1Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Sarah N Chiang
- 1Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Andrew M Peterson
- 2Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Michelle M Doering
- 3Bernard Becker Medical Library, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri; and
| | - Gary B Skolnick
- 1Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Sybill D Naidoo
- 1Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Jennifer M Strahle
- 4Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Sean D McEvoy
- 4Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Kamlesh B Patel
- 1Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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Ayano G, Betts K, Dachew BA, Alati R. Academic performance in adolescent offspring of mothers with prenatal and perinatal psychiatric hospitalizations: A register-based, data linkage, cohort study. Psychiatry Res 2023; 319:114946. [PMID: 36463723 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This is the first study to investigate the longitudinal association between prenatal and perinatal psychiatric hospitalizations and academic achievements in adolescent offspring. METHODS We conducted an administrative health data-based cohort study of 168, 528 mother-offspring pairs using linked data obtained from health and educational registries in New South Wales, Australia. Prenatal and perinatal maternal psychiatric diagnosis was measured by using ICD-10. The National Assessment Program for Literacy and Numeracy (NAPLAN) was used to assess the educational performance of the offspring. Logistic regression model was used to explore the association. Multivariate models were adjusted for maternal sociodemographic characteristics such as age at birth, marital status, educational status, and occupational status, maternal diabetes and chronic hypertension, maternal smoking during pregnancy, birth weight, and language spoken at home. RESULTS The findings show that after adjusting for important covariates adolescent offspring of mothers with prenatal and perinatal psychiatric hospitalizations were more likely to perform below the national minimum standard in all domains of academic performance at age 14 years, when compared with the offspring of mothers without such hospitalizations, with the highest odds for numeracy (OR = 2.88; 95% CI: 2.50-3.31) followed by reading (OR = 2.08; 95% CI: 1.81-2.38), spelling (OR = 1.74; 95% CI: 1.51-2.01), and writing (OR = 1.56; 95% CI: 1.34-1.80). There was significant gender interaction such that males were more likely to experience lower rates of academic performance than females in all academic domains. Lower academic achievements were observed among offspring of mothers with all major groupings of psychiatric disorders, with a higher risk for severe psychiatric disorders followed by mental disorders due to substance use or medical conditions. CONCLUSION In sum, maternal prenatal and perinatal psychiatric hospitalizations are associated with lower academic achievements in adolescent offspring, with a stronger effect on the academic performance of male offspring. Early intervention strategies that aim to enhance educational performance in the exposed offspring are needed.
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Greve AN, Jepsen JRM, Mortensen EL, Uher R, Mackenzie L, Foldager L, Gantriis D, Burton BK, Ellersgaard D, Christiani CJ, Spang KS, Hemager N, Uddin J, Henriksen MT, Zahle KK, Stadsgaard H, Plessen KJ, Thorup AAE, Nordentoft M, Mors O, Bliksted V. Transmission of intelligence, working memory, and processing speed from parents to their seven-year-old offspring is function specific in families with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. Schizophr Res 2022; 246:195-201. [PMID: 35802954 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2022.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior studies have shown high heritability estimates regarding within-function transmission of neurocognition, both in healthy families and in families with schizophrenia but it remains an open question whether transmission from parents to offspring is function specific and whether the pattern is the same in healthy families and families with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. We aimed to characterize the transmission of intelligence, processing speed, and verbal working memory functions from both biological parents to their 7-year-old offspring in families with parental schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and population-based control parents. METHODS The population-based cohort consists of 7-year-old children with one parent diagnosed with schizophrenia (n = 186), bipolar disorder (n = 114), and of parents without schizophrenia or bipolar disorder (n = 192). Children and both parents were assessed using identical, age-relevant neurocognitive tests of intelligence, verbal working memory, and processing speed. RESULTS In multiple regression analyses children's intelligence, verbal working memory, and processing speed scores were significantly associated with the corresponding parental cognitive function score. All associations from parents to offspring across functions were non-significant. No significant parental cognitive function by group interaction was observed. CONCLUSION Transmissions of intelligence, processing speed, and verbal working memory from parents to offspring are function specific. The structure of transmission is comparable between families with schizophrenia, families with bipolar disorder and families without these disorders.
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Camprodon-Boadas P, Rosa-Justicia M, Sugranyes G, Moreno D, Baeza I, Ilzarbe D, Martínez Díaz-Caneja C, Ayora M, Merchan J, Martín N, Borras R, García-Rizo C, Torrent C, Castro-Fornieles J, de la Serna E. Cognitive reserve and its correlates in child and adolescent offspring of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2022. [PMID: 35175425 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-022-01957-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AIM To analyze cognitive reserve (CR) in child and adolescent offspring of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia (SZ-off) or bipolar disorder (BD-off) and compare them with a group of community controls (CC-off). We also aimed to investigate whether there was an association between CR and clinical and neuropsychological variables according to group. METHODS The study included 46 SZ-off, 105 BD-off and 102 CC-off. All participants completed assessments regarding CR and clinical, neuropsychological and psychosocial functioning. CR was measured with a proxy based on premorbid intelligence, parental occupational level, educational attainment, developmental milestones and sociability. The clinical assessment included the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia, Present and Lifetime, the Semi-structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes, and the Global Assessment Functioning scale. The neuropsychological assessment included measures of executive functioning, attention, verbal memory, working memory and processing speed. RESULTS SZ-off showed a lower level of CR compared to BD-off and CC-off, while BD-off showed an intermediate level of CR between SZ-off and CC-off. Moreover, an association between higher CR and less lifetime psychopathology, fewer prodromal psychotic symptoms, higher psychosocial functioning, and a higher working memory score was observed in all groups, but it was stronger in SZ-off. CONCLUSIONS CR seemed to be associated with psychopathology, clinical symptoms, psychosocial functioning, and some cognitive functions. SZ-off appeared to benefit more from a higher CR, therefore it could be considered a protective factor against the development of clinical symptomatology and cognitive impairment.
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Tempelaar WM, Mesman E, Breetvelt EJ, Hillegers MHJ. The Dutch Bipolar Offspring Study: Cognitive Development and Psychopathology. J Abnorm Child Psychol 2019; 47:1559-67. [PMID: 30887148 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-019-00532-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Various aspects of the relationship between cognitive impairment and bipolar disorder are not clear yet. This study examines cognitive and educational functioning prospectively in offspring at familial risk for bipolar disorder, in order to improve our understanding of the association between cognitive functioning and psychopathology. Bipolar offspring (N = 92) from the prospective Dutch bipolar offspring study were evaluated at adolescence and adulthood for IQ estimate, educational achievement and development of any psychiatric disorder. The main outcome was IQ estimate after 12 years of follow-up (offspring mean age 28 years). Generalized estimating equation (GEE) analyses showed that any lifetime DSM-IV axis I diagnosis was related to a lower cognitive outcome at adulthood as compared to unaffected bipolar offspring. No specific association was found for type of diagnosis. Early onset psychopathology (diagnosis at or before age 15 years) was significantly related to lower IQ estimate at adulthood, indicating a sensitive period for neurocognitive development.
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Mistry S, Escott-Price V, Florio AD, Smith DJ, Zammit S. Investigating associations between genetic risk for bipolar disorder and cognitive functioning in childhood. J Affect Disord 2019; 259:112-120. [PMID: 31445336 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Identifying phenotypic manifestations of genetic risk for bipolar disorder (BD) in childhood could increase our understanding of aetiological mechanisms. AIMS To examine whether BD genetic risk is associated with childhood (age 8 years) cognitive function. METHODS Using data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, we examined associations between polygenic risk scores for BD (BD-PRS) derived using Psychiatric Genomics Consortium summary data at p-thresholds (PT) ≤0.01 (primary) and ≤0.5 (secondary) and several cognitive domains (sample sizes 5,613 to 5,936). We also examined whether associations were due to SNPs that have shared risk effects on schizophrenia (SZ). RESULTS At PT≤0.01, the BD-PRS was associated with poorer executive functioning (ß= -0.03, 95%CI -0.06, -0.01; p = 0.013), and, more weakly with poorer processing speed (ß = -0.02, 95%CI -0.05, 0.02; p = 0.075). Evidence of association with both poorer processing speed (p = 0.016) and performance IQ (p = 0.018) was stronger at PT≤0.5. Associations with performance IQ and processing speed were primarily driven by genetic effects that are shared with SZ risk, but there was some evidence of bipolar-specific genetic effects on childhood executive functioning. LIMITATIONS The BD-PRS still explains only a small proportion of the variance for BD which will have reduced power to detect associations. CONCLUSIONS Genetic risk for BD manifests as impaired cognition in childhood, and this is driven by risk SNPs that are also shared with SZ genetic risk. Further elucidation of which cognitive domains are most affected by genetic risk for BD could help understanding of aetiology and improve prediction of BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Mistry
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, UK.
| | - Valentina Escott-Price
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, UK
| | - Arianna D Florio
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, UK
| | - Daniel J Smith
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, 1 Lilybank Gardens, UK
| | - Stanley Zammit
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, UK; Centre for Academic Mental Health, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, UK
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Hemager N, Vangkilde S, Thorup A, Christiani C, Ellersgaard D, Spang KS, Burton BK, Greve AN, Gantriis DL, Mors O, Jepsen JRM, Nordentoft M, Plessen KJ. Visual attention in 7-year-old children at familial high risk of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder: The Danish high risk and resilience study VIA 7. J Affect Disord 2019; 258:56-65. [PMID: 31394459 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.07.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Attention deficits are found in children at familial high risk of schizophrenia (FHR-SZ) and bipolar disorder (FHR-BP) using assessment methods relying on motor-based response latency. This study compares visual attention functions in children at FHR-SZ or FHR-BP with controls using an unspeeded task unconfounded by motor components. METHODS Visual attention was assessed in 133 7-year-old children at FHR-SZ (N = 56) or FHR-BP (N = 32), and controls (N = 45) using the unspeeded paradigm, TVA-based whole report. We compared four parameters of visual attention: visual processing speed, visual short-term memory, threshold for visual perception, and error rate. Further, we investigated their potential relationships with severity of psychopathology, adequacy of the home environment, and neurocognitive measures. RESULTS Children at FHR-SZ displayed significant deficits in perceptual processing speed of visual attention compared with controls (p < .001; d = 0.75) as did children at FHR-BP (p < .05; d = 0.54). Visual processing speed was significantly associated with spatial working memory (β = -0.23; t(68) = -3.34, p = .01) and psychomotor processing speed (β = 0.14, t(67) = 2.11, p < .05). LIMITATIONS Larger group sizes would have permitted inclusion of more predictors in the search for neurocognitive and other factors associated with the parameters of TVA-based whole report. CONCLUSIONS Young children at FHR-SZ and FHR-BP display significant deficits in processing speed of visual attention, which may reflect the effect of shared vulnerability risk genes. Early identification of children at FHR-SZ and FHR-BP with perceptual processing speed impairments may represent a low-cost basis for low-risk interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoline Hemager
- Mental Health Services of the Capital Region of Denmark, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Research Unit, Gentofte Hospitalsvej 15, 4th Floor, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark; Mental Health Services of the Capital Region of Denmark, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Research Unit Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Denmark.
| | - Signe Vangkilde
- Mental Health Services of the Capital Region of Denmark, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Research Unit Denmark; Department of Psychology, Center for Visual Cognition, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Thorup
- Mental Health Services of the Capital Region of Denmark, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Research Unit, Gentofte Hospitalsvej 15, 4th Floor, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Denmark
| | - Camilla Christiani
- Mental Health Services of the Capital Region of Denmark, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Research Unit, Gentofte Hospitalsvej 15, 4th Floor, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Denmark
| | - Ditte Ellersgaard
- Mental Health Services of the Capital Region of Denmark, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Research Unit, Gentofte Hospitalsvej 15, 4th Floor, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Denmark
| | - Katrine Søborg Spang
- Mental Health Services of the Capital Region of Denmark, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Research Unit Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Denmark
| | - Birgitte Klee Burton
- Mental Health Services of the Capital Region of Denmark, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Research Unit Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Denmark
| | - Aja Neergaard Greve
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Denmark; Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Ditte Lou Gantriis
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Denmark; Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Ole Mors
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Denmark; Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Jens Richardt Møllegaard Jepsen
- Mental Health Services of the Capital Region of Denmark, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Research Unit Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Denmark; Mental Health Services of the Capital Region of Denmark, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Denmark
| | - Merete Nordentoft
- Mental Health Services of the Capital Region of Denmark, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Research Unit, Gentofte Hospitalsvej 15, 4th Floor, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Denmark; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kerstin Jessica Plessen
- Mental Health Services of the Capital Region of Denmark, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Research Unit Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Denmark; Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland
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Hemager N, Plessen KJ, Thorup A, Christiani C, Ellersgaard D, Spang KS, Burton BK, Gregersen M, Søndergaard A, Greve AN, Gantriis DL, Poulsen G, Seidman LJ, Mors O, Nordentoft M, Jepsen JRM. Assessment of Neurocognitive Functions in 7-Year-Old Children at Familial High Risk for Schizophrenia or Bipolar Disorder: The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study VIA 7. JAMA Psychiatry 2018; 75:844-852. [PMID: 29926086 PMCID: PMC6143091 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.1415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Children at familial high risk of schizophrenia spectrum disorders (FHR-SZ) or bipolar disorder (FHR-BP) exhibit neurocognitive impairments. Large studies of neurocognition in young children at familial high risk at the same age are important to differentiate the pathophysiology and developmental trajectory of these 2 groups. OBJECTIVE To characterize neurocognitive functions in 7-year-old children with FHR-SZ or FHR-BP and a control population. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This multisite population-based cohort study collected data from January 1, 2013, to January 31, 2016, in the first wave of the Danish High Risk and Resilience Study VIA 7 at 2 university hospital research sites in Copenhagen and Aarhus using Danish registries. Participants (n = 514) included 197 children with FHR-SZ, 118 with FHR-BP, and 199 controls matched with the FHR-SZ group for age, sex, and municipality. Assessors were blinded to risk status. EXPOSURES Parents with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or neither diagnosis. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Neurocognitive functions were measured across 23 tests. Four neurocognitive domains were derived by principal component analysis, including processing speed and working memory, verbal functions, executive and visuospatial functions, and declarative memory and attention. RESULTS A total of 514 children aged 7 years were included in the analysis (46.3% girls), consisting of 197 children with FHR-SZ (46.2% girls), 118 with FHR-BP (46.6% girls), and 199 controls (46.2% girls). Children with FHR-SZ were significantly impaired compared with controls on processing speed and working memory (Cohen d = 0.50; P < .001), executive and visuospatial functions (Cohen d = 0.28; P = .03), and declarative memory and attention (Cohen d = 0.29; P = .02). Compared with children with FHR-BP, children with FHR-SZ performed significantly poorer in processing speed and working memory (Cohen d = 0.40; P = .002), executive and visuospatial functions (Cohen d = 0.35; P = .008), and declarative memory and attention (Cohen d = 0.31; P = .03). Children with FHR-BP and controls did not differ. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Children with FHR-SZ had widespread neurocognitive impairments, supporting the hypothesis of neurocognitive functions as endophenotypes of schizophrenia. The absence of neurocognitive deficits in children with FHR-BP suggests distinct neurodevelopmental manifestations in these familial high-risk groups at this age. Early detection of children with FHR-SZ and cognitive impairments is warranted to investigate associations of neurocognition with transition to psychosis, add to the knowledge of their developmental pathophysiology, and inform early intervention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoline Hemager
- Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen,Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen,The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kerstin J. Plessen
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen,The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark,Service of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anne Thorup
- Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen,The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Camilla Christiani
- Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen,The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ditte Ellersgaard
- Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen,The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Katrine Søborg Spang
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen,The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Birgitte Klee Burton
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen,The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Maja Gregersen
- Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen,The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anne Søndergaard
- Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen,The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Aja Neergaard Greve
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark,Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ditte Lou Gantriis
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark,Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Gry Poulsen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark,Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Larry J. Seidman
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Ole Mors
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark,Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Merete Nordentoft
- Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen,The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Richardt Møllegaard Jepsen
- Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen,Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen,The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark,Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen,Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen
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Klimes-Dougan B, Jeong J, Kennedy KP, Allen TA. Intellectual Functioning in Offspring of Parents with Bipolar Disorder: A Review of the Literature. Brain Sci 2017; 7:E143. [PMID: 29143763 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci7110143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Impaired intellectual functioning is an important risk factor for the emergence of severe mental illness. Unlike many other forms of mental disorder however, the association between bipolar disorder and intellectual deficits is unclear. In this narrative review, we examine the current evidence on intellectual functioning in children and adolescents at risk for developing bipolar disorder. The results are based on 18 independent, peer-reviewed publications from 1980 to 2017 that met criteria for this study. The findings yielded no consistent evidence of lower or higher intellectual quotient (IQ) in offspring of parents diagnosed with bipolar disorder. Some tentative evidence was found for lower performance IQ in offspring of bipolar parents as compared to controls. It is recommended that future research examine variability in intellectual functioning and potential moderators. These findings demonstrate the need to examine how intellectual functioning unfolds across development given the potential role of IQ as a marker of vulnerability or resilience in youth at high risk for affective disorders.
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