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Yang W, Peng H, Huang Y, Peng Z, Wang G. Synthesis and antitumor activity of litseaone B analogues as tubulin polymerisation inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:2530-2539. [PMID: 36100238 PMCID: PMC9487931 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2122962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of litseaone B analogues 4a∼4p were synthesised and antitumor activities of all compounds were screened. These compounds were designed by introducing different substituents on the B ring. Among these synthesised compounds, it was proved that 4k showed excellent activity against A549, HepG2, and HCT-15 cell lines, the IC50 values were 7.60 μM, 20.53 μM, and 4.59 μM, respectively. The results of tubulin polymerisation inhibition and immunofluorescence staining experiments displayed that 4k could act on tubulin and inhibit the polymerisation of tubulin. Moreover, the wound healing assay showed that 4k could inhibit the migration of A549 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, the results of flow cytometry revealed that 4k was capable of blocking the cell cycle in the G2/M phase, inducing a decrease in the mitochondrial membrane potential and ultimately leading to apoptosis in A549 cells. Importantly, the possible binding model was also performed by molecular docking. Subject classification codes: short communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Teaching and Research Section of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Huining Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Teaching and Research Section of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yong Huang
- Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhiyun Peng
- Clinical Trails Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Guangcheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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Xu T, Hu S, Liu Y, Sun K, Luo L, Zeng L. Hawk Tea Flavonoids as Natural Hepatoprotective Agents Alleviate Acute Liver Damage by Reshaping the Intestinal Microbiota and Modulating the Nrf2 and NF-κB Signaling Pathways. Nutrients 2022; 14:3662. [PMID: 36079919 DOI: 10.3390/nu14173662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hawk tea (Litsea coreana Levl. var. lanuginosa) is a traditional herbal tea in southwestern China, and was found to possess hepatoprotective effects in our previous study. However, it is unclear whether hawk tea flavonoids (HTF) can alleviate alcoholic liver damage (ALD). Firstly, we extracted and identified the presence of 191 molecules categorized as HTFs, with reynoutrin, avicularin, guaijaverin, cynaroside, and kaempferol-7-O-glucoside being the most prevalent. After taking bioavailability into consideration and conducting comprehensive sorting, the contribution of guaijaverin was the highest (0.016 mg/mice). Then, by daily intragastric administration of HTF (100 mg/kg/day) to the ALD mice, we found that HTF alleviated liver lipid deposition (inhibition of TG, TC, LDL-C) by reducing liver oxidative-stress-mediated inflammation (up-regulation NRF2/HO-1 and down-regulation TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway) and reshaping the gut microbiota (Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Bacillus increased). Overall, we found HTF could be a potential protective natural compound for treating ALD via the gut–liver axis and guaijaverin might be the key substance involved.
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Tao W, Cao W, Yu B, Chen H, Gong R, Luorong Q, Luo J, Yao L, Zhang D. Hawk tea prevents high-fat diet-induced obesity in mice by activating the AMPK/ACC/SREBP1c signaling pathways and regulating the gut microbiota. Food Funct 2022; 13:6056-6071. [PMID: 35437540 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo04260b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Scope: Hawk tea, a non-Camellia tea, is an ancient tea drink from southwest China and has been proven to exhibit significant hypoglycaemic and lipid-lowering effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether Hawk tea extract (HTE) can improve obesity induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) in a mouse model and to determine whether its anti-obesity effects are related to improvements in lipid metabolism and the gut microbiota. Methods and results: We tested the ability of HTE to prevent obesity and regulate gut microbiota in C57BL/6J mice fed with a HFD. We found that HTE significantly reduced body weight, fat deposition, serum triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, and significantly increased serum levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) induced by HFD. HTE also increased the levels of AMPK and ACC phosphorylation, up-regulated the expression of CPT-1, and downregulated the expression of SREBP1c and FAS. In addition, the administration of HTE significantly altered the composition of the gut microbiota, reduced the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes, increased the relative abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila, Bacteroides-vulgatus, and Faecalibaculum_rodentium, and decreased the relative abundance of Desulfovibrionaceae and Lachnospiraceae. Conclusions: Collectively, our data demonstrate that HTE can prevent HFD-induced obesity by regulating the AMPK/ACC/SREBP1c signaling pathways and the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Tao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Weiguo Cao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.,The Lab of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Bao Yu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Huan Chen
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ruixue Gong
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Quji Luorong
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Juan Luo
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ling Yao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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Bai X, Peng J, Xiong B. The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Lindera fragrans (Lauraceae): genome structure and phylogenetic analysis. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2022; 7:1194-1195. [PMID: 35783063 PMCID: PMC9248934 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2022.2090297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Lindera fragrans, naturally distributed in southern China, is economic and ecological tree. Its leaves are one of the primary raw materials for processing Hawk tea. Here, we assembled the complete chloroplast genome of L. fragrans using Illumina pair-end sequencing. The chloroplast genome size was 152,739 base pairs (bp) with 39% GC content, containing a pair of inverted repeats (IRA/B) of 20,067 bp, separated by a large- and a small single-copy region (LSC/SSC) of 93,711 bp and 18,894 bp, respectively. The genome encoded 126 genes, including 82 protein-coding, 36 transfer RNA (tRNA), and eight ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes. Phylogenetic analysis based on chloroplast genome sequences of 22 species suggested that L. fragrans was closely related to species of Lindera genus than other genera in Lauraceae. These results can be a valuable genome resource for further genetics and molecular biology studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Bai
- College of Tea Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Juan Peng
- College of Tea Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Biao Xiong
- College of Tea Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
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5
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Zhang B, Yao X, Chen H, Lu L. High-quality chromosome-level genome assembly of Litsea coreana L. provides insights into Magnoliids evolution and flavonoid biosynthesis. Genomics 2022; 114:110394. [PMID: 35659563 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2022.110394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The magnoliid Litsea coreana has been the subject of a substantial amount of research owing to its production of many flavonoid metabolites, high food processing value, and a controversial phylogenetic position. For this study, we assembled a high-grade genome at the chromosome scale and annotation of L. coreana that was anchored to 12 chromosomes. The total genome was 1139.45 Mb, while the N50 scaffold was 97.18 Mb long. The analysis of phylogenetic trees constructed by different methods show that the phylogeny of Magnoliids is inconsistent, indicating that the differentiation process of monocots, eudicots, and Magnoliids still remains in dispute. An ancient whole-genome duplication (WGD) event was shown to have occurred before the Magnoliales and Laurels had differentiated. Subsequently, an independent WGD appeared in the Lauralean lineage. A total of 27 types of flavonoids were detected in all five tissues of L. coreana. Chalcone synthases (CHSs) that are responsible for production of flavonoids have been validated at the bioinformatics level. The retention of comparative genomic analyses of the CHS gene family showed that this family had contracted significantly in L. coreana. Our research further elaborated the evolution of Lauraceae and perfected the genetic basis of flavonoid biosynthesis in L. coreana. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Provides evidence that determines the evolutionary status of Magnoliids. The chalcone synthase gene family was significantly contracted in Litsea coreana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baohui Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Xinzhuan Yao
- College of Tea Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - HuFang Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Litang Lu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
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Goh MPY, Kamaluddin AF, Tan TJL, Yasin H, Taha H, Jama A, Ahmad N. An evaluation of the phytochemical composition, antioxidant and cytotoxicity of the leaves of Litsea elliptica Blume - An ethnomedicinal plant from Brunei Darussalam. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:304-317. [PMID: 35002423 PMCID: PMC8717155 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.08.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Litsea elliptica is traditionally believed to prevent and treat stomach ulcers, cancer, fever and headaches. This study investigates the phytochemical composition, antioxidant and cytotoxic effects of L. elliptica leaf extracts. The phytochemical content was determined via GCMS analysis and total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were analysed using the Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminium-chloride assays. Antioxidant activities were determined using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging, 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) scavenging and ferric-ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays, whereas cytotoxicity was determined using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and calcein/ethidium viability assays. The mechanism of cytotoxicity was investigated using Annexin V/propidium iodide. Modifications in the mitochondria were investigated using MitoTracker Red CMXRos. Ten and twenty-six compounds were characterized in the young-leaf and mixed-leaves extracts, respectively. The young-leaf methanolic extract demonstrated the highest antioxidant capacity of at least four-folds greater than the mixed-leaves and ethanolic extracts. The methanolic extract also had higher TPC and TFC values compared to the ethanolic extract. Although the mixed L. elliptica leaves had lower antioxidant capacities compared to the young leaves, the mixed leaves extract has demonstrated greater cytotoxicity against the A549 cancer cell line. Further investigation revealed that the L. elliptica leaves-induced cytotoxicity on A549 cells was possibly via the non-inflammatory mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathway. Overall, our results showed the potential of the L. elliptica leaves possessing cytotoxic activities against carcinoma cells where the compounds present can be further investigated for its therapeutic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- May Poh Yik Goh
- Environmental and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong BE1410, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Ajmal Faiz Kamaluddin
- Environmental and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong BE1410, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Terence Jit Loong Tan
- Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong BE1410, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Hartini Yasin
- Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong BE1410, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Hussein Taha
- Environmental and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong BE1410, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Abdalla Jama
- Environmental and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong BE1410, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Norhayati Ahmad
- Environmental and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong BE1410, Brunei Darussalam
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Xu Q, Zhou Y, Zhao J, Yao S, Wang J. Effect of storage time on biochemical characteristics and antioxidant activity of hawk tea ( Litsea coreana) processed by boiling water fixation. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:6182-6191. [PMID: 33282269 PMCID: PMC7684607 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of storage time on biochemical characteristics of hawk tea (Litsea coreana) and explored the correlation between the content of flavonoids and polyphenols and antioxidant activity. The antioxidant activity and the content of inclusions, amino acid, and mineral elements in hawk tea processed by boiling water fixation and packed in airtight polypropylene bags and stored in 0°C refrigerator under different storage time (one year, three years, and six years) were analyzed. Results indicated that the biochemical characteristics of hawk tea changed less within 12 months. The total content and types of amino acids in hawk tea reached the maximum in the third year, as well as the content of total trace elements. The water extracts, tea polyphenol, caffeine, lysine, valine, isoleucine, glycine, proline, Ca, and Zn decreased continuously in the storage period of 6 years, but the total flavonoids, Mg, and Ni changed just the opposite. Total polyphenol is the main antioxidant material in hawk tea. Results of the present study provided useful information for people to systematically understand the changes of tea in the storage process and to reasonably develop hawk tea product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Xu
- Institute of BiologyGuizhou Academy of SciencesGuiyang CityChina
| | - Yuanjing Zhou
- Guizhou Academy of Analysis and TestingGuizhou Academy of SciencesGuiyang CityChina
| | - Jingfang Zhao
- Institute of BiologyGuizhou Academy of SciencesGuiyang CityChina
| | - Songlin Yao
- Guizhou Institute of Mountain ResourcesGuizhou Academy of SciencesGuiyang CityChina
| | - Jihong Wang
- Institute of BiologyGuizhou Academy of SciencesGuiyang CityChina
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8
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Pan J, Fan X, Luo S, Zhang Y, Yao S, Guo Q, Qian Z. Predicting the Potential Distribution of Two Varieties of Litsea coreana (Leopard-Skin Camphor) in China under Climate Change. Forests 2020; 11:1159. [DOI: 10.3390/f11111159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Climate change considerably affects vegetation growth and may lead to changes in vegetation distribution. Leopard-skin camphor is an endangered species, and the main raw material for hawk tea, and has various pharmacodynamic functions. Studying the potential distribution of two leopard-skin camphor varieties under climate change should assist in the effective protection of these species. We collected the distribution point data for 130 and 89 Litsea coreana Levl. var. sinensis and L. coreana Levl. var. lanuginosa, respectively, and data for 22 environmental variables. We also predicted the potential distribution of the two varieties in China using the maximum entropy (MaxEnt) model and analyzed the key environmental factors affecting their distribution. Results showed that the two varieties are mainly located in the subtropical area south of the Qinling Mountains–Huai River line in the current and future climate scenarios, and the potentially suitable area for L. coreana Levl. var. lanuginosa is larger than that of L. coreana Levl. var. sinensis. Compared with current climatic conditions, the potentially suitable areas of the two leopard-skin camphor varieties will move to high-latitude and -altitude areas and the total suitable area will increase slightly, while moderately and highly suitable areas will be significantly reduced under future climatic scenarios. For example, under a 2070-RCP8.5 (representative of a high greenhouse gas emission scenario in the 2070s) climatic scenario, the highly suitable areas of L. coreana Levl. var. sinensis and L. coreana Levl. var. lanuginosa are 6900 and 300 km2, and account for only 10.27% and 0.21% of the current area, respectively. Temperature is the key environmental factor affecting the potential distribution of the two varieties, especially the mean daily diurnal range (Bio2) and the min temperature of the coldest month (Bio6). The results can provide a reference for relevant departments in taking protective measures to prevent the decrease or extinction of the species under climate change.
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Liu Y, Luo Y, Zhang L, Luo L, Xu T, Wang J, Ma M, Zeng L. Chemical composition, sensory qualities, and pharmacological properties of primary leaf hawk tea as affected using different processing methods. FOOD BIOSCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2020.100618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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10
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Xu Q, Zhou Y, Wang J. The impact of fixation method on the biochemical characteristics of hawk tea ( Litsea coreana). International Journal of Food Engineering 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/ijfe-2019-0290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Fixation is one of the critical steps in tea processing and can cause various physico-chemical changes, thus affecting tea quality. There are many tea processing techniques, but their influence on quality remains unclear. Here, we studied the impact of different fixation methods, including for 6 or 10 min by machine, by iron pan, or by boiling water, on the biochemical characteristics of hawk tea. The results showed that tea fixation technique had a significant influence on the sensory quality, biochemical components, and antioxidant activity of the tea. Compared to other fixation techniques, fixation by boiling water produced a more nutritious hawk tea with stronger DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity (EC50 = 6.56 μg/mL). Processing with boiling water also resulted in a better sensory quality with a unique sweet aftertaste. This tea also contained more polyphenols (19.60%), total amino acids (21,219 mg/100 g), essential amino acids (10,564 mg/100 g), and trace elements (5873.13 mg/kg). These results can guide the development of hawk tea products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Xu
- Institute of Biology , Guizhou Academy of Sciences , Guiyang , Guizhou , China
| | - Yuanjing Zhou
- Guizhou Academy of Analysis and Testing , Guiyang , Guizhou , China
| | - Jihong Wang
- Institute of Biology , Guizhou Academy of Sciences , No.1 Longjiang Lane , Guiyang , Guizhou , 50009 , China
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Liu Y, Wang X, Chen Q, Luo L, Ma M, Xiao B, Zeng L. Camellia sinensis and Litsea coreana Ameliorate Intestinal Inflammation and Modulate Gut Microbiota in Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 64:e1900943. [PMID: 31951100 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201900943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Polyphenol-enriched herbal extracts have been proved as alternative therapeutic strategies for experimentally induced colitis. The in vivo and in vitro anti-inflammatory effects of Camellia sinensis (green, white, yellow, oolong, black, and dark tea) and Litsea coreana (hawk tea) are comparatively explored. METHODS AND RESULTS HPLC analysis confirms dissimilarities among phytochemical compositions of these teas. The tea extracts (TEs) significantly decrease the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-12, and tumor necrosis factor-α) and increase the anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10) in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages and a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model. The treatment of TEs in colitis mice can ameliorate colon inflammation, pro-oxidative enzyme activity, colon integrity, and suppress the activation of nuclear factor-κB. Of note, green TE significantly attenuates the DSS-induced decrease in richness and diversity of gut microbiota. Moreover, TEs are capable of exerting a prebiotic effect on gut microbiota by increasing the abundance of potentially beneficial bacteria (e.g., Faecalibaculum, and Bifidobacterium), and decreasing the abundance of potentially harmful bacteria (e.g., Bacteroids, and Mucispirillum). TEs restore the decreased production of SCFAs in the feces of colitic mice. CONCLUSION The treatment of seven types of tea can alleviate DSS-induced colitis in mice, and modulate the dysbiosis of gut microbiota in colitis mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Xinghua Wang
- Tea Research Institute of Puer, Puer, Yunnan, 665000, P. R. China
| | - Qiubing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. of China
| | - Liyong Luo
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China.,Tea Research Institute, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Mengjun Ma
- Xianning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xianning, Hubei, 437100, P. R. China
| | - Bo Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. of China
| | - Liang Zeng
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China.,Tea Research Institute, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
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12
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Feng J, Yang J, Chang Y, Qiao L, Dang H, Luo K, Guo H, An Y, Ma C, Shao H, Tian J, Yuan Y, Xie L, Xing W, Cheng J. Caffeine-free hawk tea lowers cholesterol by reducing free cholesterol uptake and the production of very-low-density lipoprotein. Commun Biol 2019; 2:173. [PMID: 31098406 PMCID: PMC6506518 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0396-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants show important therapeutic value in chronic disease treatment. However, due to their diverse ingredients and complex biological effects, the molecular mechanisms of medicinal plants are yet to be explored. By means of several high-throughput platforms, here we show hawk tea extract (HTE) inhibits Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 (NPC1L1)-mediated free cholesterol uptake, thereby inducing the transcription of low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) downstream of the sterol response element binding protein 2 (SREBP2) pathway. Meanwhile, HTE suppresses hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α)-mediated transcription of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) and apolipoprotein B (APOB), thereby decreasing the production of very-low-density lipoprotein. The catechin EGCG ((-)-epigallocatechin gallate) and the flavonoids kaempferol and quercetin are identified as the bioactive components responsible for the effects on the NPC1L1-SREBP2-LDLR axis and HNF4α-MTP/APOB axis, respectively. Overall, hawk tea works as a previously unrecognized cholesterol-lowering agent in a multi-target and multi-component manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
- Medical Systems Biology Research Center, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, 102206 Beijing, China
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 100700 Beijing, China
| | - Yujun Chang
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, 102206 Beijing, China
| | - Liansheng Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
- Medical Systems Biology Research Center, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, 102206 Beijing, China
| | - Honglei Dang
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, 102206 Beijing, China
| | - Kun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
- Medical Systems Biology Research Center, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, 102206 Beijing, China
| | - Hongyan Guo
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, 102206 Beijing, China
| | - Yannan An
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, 102206 Beijing, China
| | - Chengmei Ma
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, 102206 Beijing, China
| | - Hong Shao
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, 102206 Beijing, China
| | - Jie Tian
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, 102206 Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 100700 Beijing, China
| | - Lan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
- Medical Systems Biology Research Center, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, 102206 Beijing, China
| | - Wanli Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
- Medical Systems Biology Research Center, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, 102206 Beijing, China
| | - Jing Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
- Medical Systems Biology Research Center, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, 102206 Beijing, China
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Chen Z, Zhang D, Guo JJ, Tao W, Gong RX, Yao L, Zhang XL, Cao WG. Active Components, Antioxidant, Inhibition on Metabolic Syndrome Related Enzymes, and Monthly Variations in Mature Leaf Hawk Tea. Molecules 2019; 24:E657. [PMID: 30781736 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24040657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Hawk tea is a rich and edible resource, traditionally used as a beverage in South China. This drink has many pharmacologic effects, such as acting as an antioxidant and reducing blood sugar and lipids. The objective of this work was to explore the active compound contents, bioactivities and their monthly changes, and optimize the harvest time. In the present study, Hawk tea from each month in 2017 was collected and extracted with 70% (v/v) ethanol. The contents of the total flavonoids and total phenols were determined using the colorimetric method. We determined the contents of seven characteristic active substances—hyperin, isoquercitrin, trifolin, quercitrin, astragalin, quercetin, and kaempferol—using high-performance liquid chromatography. The crude extract was tested for its antioxidant and inhibitory properties on enzymes involved in metabolic syndrome. Specifically, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid), ferric-reducing power assay, and the inhibition capacity test on α-glucosidase and lipase were conducted to determine the antioxidant effect in vitro, as well as the reduction of blood sugar and lipids. Monthly variations in activities and components were determined by numeric analysis and comparison. Correlation analysis revealed that antioxidant effects are significantly correlated with the total flavonoids. The hierarchical cluster analysis of bioactivities and their contents indicates that October and November are the best harvesting months, which differs with the habitual collection of Hawk tea.
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Ali M, Khan T, Fatima K, Ali QUA, Ovais M, Khalil AT, Ullah I, Raza A, Shinwari ZK, Idrees M. Selected hepatoprotective herbal medicines: Evidence from ethnomedicinal applications, animal models, and possible mechanism of actions. Phytother Res 2017; 32:199-215. [PMID: 29047177 PMCID: PMC7167792 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Insight into the hepatoprotective effects of medicinally important plants is important, both for physicians and researchers. Main reasons for the use of herbal medicine include their lesser cost compared with conventional drugs, lesser undesirable drug reactions and thus high safety, and reduced side effects. The present review focuses on the composition, pharmacology, and results of experimental trials of selected medicinal plants: Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn., Glycyrrhiza glabra, Phyllanthus amarus Schumach. & Thonn., Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge., Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge, Capparis spinosa (L.), Cichorium intybus (L.), Solanum nigrum (L.), Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn., Ginkgo biloba (L.), Woodfordia fruticosa (L.) Kurz, Vitex trifolia (L.), Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill., Cuscuta chinensis (Lam.), Lycium barbarum, Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels, and Litsea coreana (H. Lev.). The probable modes of action of these plants include immunomodulation, stimulation of hepatic DNA synthesis, simulation of superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase to inhibit oxidation in hepatocytes, reduction of intracellular reactive oxygen species by enhancing levels of antioxidants, suppression of ethanol-induced lipid accumulation, inhibition of nucleic acid polymerases to downregulate viral mRNA transcription and translation, free radical scavenging and reduction of hepatic fibrosis by decreasing the levels of transforming growth factor beta-1, and collagen synthesis in hepatic cells. However, further research is needed to identify, characterize, and standardize the active ingredients, useful compounds, and their preparations for the treatment of liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ali
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.,Department of Biotechnology, University of Malakand Chakdara Dir (L)-18000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Kaneez Fatima
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Qurat Ul Ain Ali
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ovais
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Ali Talha Khalil
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Ikram Ullah
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Abida Raza
- National Institute of Laser and Optronics, Nilore, 45650, Pakistan
| | - Zabta Khan Shinwari
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Idrees
- Hazara University Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 21120, Pakistan.,Center for Applied Molecular Biology (CAMB), University of the Punjab, Lahore, 53700, Pakistan
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