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Sedik AA, Elgohary R, Khalifa E, Khalil WKB, I Shafey H, B Shalaby M, S O Gouida M, M Tag Y. Lauric acid attenuates hepato-metabolic complications and molecular alterations in high-fat diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in rats. Toxicol Mech Methods 2024; 34:454-467. [PMID: 38166588 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2023.2301344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as a major chronic liver illness characterized by increase of lipid content in the liver. This study investigated the role of lauric acid to treat NAFLD in male adult Sprague Dawley rats. In this study, to induce NAFLD in the rats, a high-fat diet (HFD) was administered for eight consecutive weeks. Lauric acid groups received lauric acid (250 and 500 mg/kg; orally), concurrently with HFD for eight consecutive weeks. Lauric acid could ameliorate the serum levels of TG, TC, ALT, AST, blood glucose, and insulin. Moreover, lauric acid significantly elevated the levels of SOD, GSH, catalase, and IL-10. Additionally, it lowered the hepatic levels of MDA, ROS, MPO, 4-HNE, interleukin (IL)-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α). Furthermore, lauric acid significantly up-regulated the hepatic expression of IRS1, AMPK, PI3K, and SIRT1 genes. In parallel, lauric acid could improve the histopathological picture of the liver and reduce the liver apoptosis via decreasing the expression of annexin V (Anx V). Finally, our data proposed that lauric acid could be an effective candidate for the NAFLD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Sedik
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rania Elgohary
- Narcotics, Ergogenics and Poisons Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman Khalifa
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Delta University for Science and Technology, Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | - Heba I Shafey
- Cell Biology Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed B Shalaby
- Toxicology Research Department, Research Institute of Medical Entomology (RIME), General Organisation of Teaching Hospitals and Institutes (GOTHI), Ministry of Health and Population (MoHP), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona S O Gouida
- Genetics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Children Hospital, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Yasmin M Tag
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Delta University for Science and Technology, Mansoura, Egypt
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Khan S, Arshad S, Masood I, Arif A, Abbas S, Qureshi AW, Parveen A, Seemab Ameen Z. GC-MS Analysis of Persicaria bistorta: Uncovering the Molecular Basis of Its Traditional Medicinal Use. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 196:2270-2288. [PMID: 37515679 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04580-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Persicaria bistorta is a perennial herb used traditionally in treating various ailments, including diarrhea, abdominal pain, and bleeding. In this study, we used gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis to identify the chemical composition of Persicaria bistorta. The GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of several compounds, including flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and alkaloids. Among those, the most important from medicinal points of view are ethyl oleate (3%), cyclotetradecane (4.74%), dodecanoic acid (4.69%), hexadecanoic acid (5.61%), tetradecane (5.25%), cis-13-octadecenoic acid (10.91%), and bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (32%). The GC-MS analysis of ethanolic fraction of Persicaria bistorta involved in antibacterial activity showed about 18 compounds. Among those, the most important from a medicinal and nutritional point of view are bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (42.20%), 6-octadecenoic acid methyl ester, (Z)- (10.37%), ethyl oleate (6.84%), hexadecanoic acid methyl ester (6.67%), and methyl ester and oleic acid (5.27%). Reported biological antibacterial activity has shown that the main compound determined in both extracts was bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, which has higher peak area percentage in ethanolic extract than in ethyl acetate fraction. Some oily compounds important for health because of their cis-conformation were also revealed in the given study like ethyl oleate and oleic acid. Overall, results suggest that Persicaria bistorta may have therapeutic potential and warrant further investigation. Further research is needed to confirm the efficacy and safety of Persicaria bistorta as a natural medicine and determine its active compounds' mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabir Khan
- Department of Basic and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shafia Arshad
- Faculty of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University College of Conventional Medicine, the Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Imran Masood
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, the Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Amina Arif
- Department of Basic and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Saba Abbas
- School of Medical Lab Technology, Minhaj University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Asia Parveen
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Gulab Devi Educational Complex, Ferozpur Road, Lahore, Pakistan
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Zhang B, Zhang X, Luo Z, Ren J, Yu X, Zhao H, Wang Y, Zhang W, Tian W, Wei X, Ding Q, Yang H, Jin Z, Tong X, Wang J, Zhao L. Microbiome and metabolome dysbiosis analysis in impaired glucose tolerance for the prediction of progression to diabetes mellitus. J Genet Genomics 2024; 51:75-86. [PMID: 37652264 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2023.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Gut microbiota and circulating metabolite dysbiosis predate important pathological changes in glucose metabolic disorders; however, comprehensive studies on impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), a diabetes mellitus (DM) precursor, are lacking. Here, we perform metagenomic sequencing and metabolomics on 47 pairs of individuals with IGT and newly diagnosed DM and 46 controls with normal glucose tolerance (NGT); patients with IGT are followed up after 4 years for progression to DM. Analysis of baseline data reveals significant differences in gut microbiota and serum metabolites among the IGT, DM, and NGT groups. In addition, 13 types of gut microbiota and 17 types of circulating metabolites showed significant differences at baseline before IGT progressed to DM, including higher levels of Eggerthella unclassified, Coprobacillus unclassified, Clostridium ramosum, L-valine, L-norleucine, and L-isoleucine, and lower levels of Eubacterium eligens, Bacteroides faecis, Lachnospiraceae bacterium 3_1_46FAA, Alistipes senegalensis, Megaspaera elsdenii, Clostridium perfringens, α-linolenic acid, 10E,12Z-octadecadienoic acid, and dodecanoic acid. A random forest model based on differential intestinal microbiota and circulating metabolites can predict the progression from IGT to DM (AUC = 0.87). These results suggest that microbiome and metabolome dysbiosis occur in individuals with IGT and have important predictive values and potential for intervention in preventing IGT from progressing to DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boxun Zhang
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Baotou Teacher's College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia 014030, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhen Luo
- Infinitus (China) Company Ltd, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, China
| | - Jixiang Ren
- Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Xiaotong Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Haiyan Zhao
- Xinjiekou Community Health Service Center in Xicheng District, Beijing 100035, China
| | - Yitian Wang
- Department of Spleen and Stomach, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, China
| | - Wenhui Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Weiwei Tian
- Xinjiekou Community Health Service Center in Xicheng District, Beijing 100035, China
| | - Xiuxiu Wei
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100105, China
| | - Qiyou Ding
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Haoyu Yang
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Zishan Jin
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100105, China
| | - Xiaolin Tong
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China; Northeast Asia Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130117, China.
| | - Jun Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Linhua Zhao
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China.
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