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Uslu YS, Donmez N, Gungor AS, Akalin TT, Ulukapi H. Occluding Efficiency of Different Desensitizing Agents and Er,Cr:YSGG Laser on Dentin Tubules. Oper Dent 2024; 49:166-177. [PMID: 38349840 DOI: 10.2341/23-032-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate the effects of two desensitizers and the Er,Cr:YSGG laser on human dentin tubules, applied alone or in combination. METHODS Ninety-six dentin specimens were obtained from extracted third molars and divided into six groups: Group 1: no-treatment (Control); Group 2: nano-hydroxyapatite desensitizer (NhapD); Group 3: NhapD+Er,Cr:YSGG laser (L); Group 4: Er,Cr:YSGG laser (L); Group 5: glutaraldehyde desensitizer (GD); and Group 6: GD+L, respectively. All specimens were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy. The diameter and the number of open dentin tubules, the tubules' occluding ratio, and the mineral coverage area were measured via the Image J software at 2000× magnification. Atomic force microscopy was used to determine the blocking mechanism of desensitizing treatments and the surface morphology of dentin specimens. One-way ANOVA and Tukey tests were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS The number of open tubules and the mean diameter of tubules for all treatment groups showed statistically significant differences from the control group The NhapD+L group had a significantly lower number of open tubules than the L and GD groups. The NhapD+L and L groups significantly had higher occluding ratios than the other groups. CONCLUSIONS The present study showed that the Er,Cr:YSGG laser alone was effective in terms of tubule occlusion and also contributed to increasing the occluding ratio of nano-hydroxyapatite. It may be recommended to use the Er,Cr:YSGG laser with nano-hydroxyapatite desensitizers to achieve effective tubule occlusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Uslu
- *Yesim Sesen Uslu, assistant professor, Bahçeşehir University, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - N Donmez
- Nazmiye Donmez, professor, Abant Izzet Baysal Vakif University, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Bolu, Turkey
| | - A S Gungor
- Ayca Sarialioglu Gungor, assistant professor, Istanbul Galata University, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - T T Akalin
- Tugba Toz Akalin, professor, Istinye University, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - H Ulukapi
- Hasmet Ulukapi, professor, Istanbul Okan University, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkey
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Limeback H, Enax J, Meyer F. Improving Oral Health with Fluoride-Free Calcium-Phosphate-Based Biomimetic Toothpastes: An Update of the Clinical Evidence. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:331. [PMID: 37622936 PMCID: PMC10452078 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8040331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
As the demand for clinically effective fluoride-free oral care products for consumers increases, it is important to document which types of toothpastes have been shown in clinical studies to be effective in improving oral health. In this review, we included different indications, i.e., caries prevention, improving periodontal health, reducing dentin hypersensitivity, protecting against dental erosion, and safely improving tooth whitening in defining what constitutes improvement in oral health. While there are several professional and consumer fluoride-containing formulations fortified with calcium-phosphate-based ingredients, this review focuses on fluoride-free toothpastes containing biomimetic calcium-phosphate-based molecules as the primary active ingredients. Several databases were searched, and only clinical trials in human subjects were included; in vitro and animal studies were excluded. There were 62 oral health clinical trials on biomimetic hydroxyapatite (HAP), 57 on casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP), 26 on calcium sodium phosphosilicate (CSPS, or so called Bioglass), and 2 on β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP). HAP formulations were tested the most in clinical trials for benefits in preventing caries, dentin hypersensitivity, improving periodontal health, and tooth whitening. Based on the current clinical evidence to date, fluoride-free HAP toothpaste formulations are the most versatile of the calcium phosphate active ingredients in toothpastes for improving oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hardy Limeback
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1G6, Canada
| | - Joachim Enax
- Dr. Kurt Wolff GmbH & Co. KG, Research Department, Johanneswerkstr. 34-36, 33611 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.E.); (F.M.)
| | - Frederic Meyer
- Dr. Kurt Wolff GmbH & Co. KG, Research Department, Johanneswerkstr. 34-36, 33611 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.E.); (F.M.)
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Wang X, Liu N, Wang M, Li T, Wang S, He W. Effect of Various Lasers With or Without Systemp.desensitizer on Dentine Tubules: An In Vitro Scanning Electron Microscopy Analysis. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2023. [PMID: 37384905 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2022.0123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The current study was carried out to evaluate the effects of laser and Systemp.desensitizer therapy. Further, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to determine the effects of individual or combined desensitizers on human dentinal tubules. Background: The most common clinical condition that makes people uncomfortable is dentin hypersensitivity (DH). Both lasers and drugs that reduce sensitivity have been used to treat DH. Materials and methods: A total of 100 dentinal samples were taken from newly extracted third molars (affected) and divided into 10 groups (A to J), that is, control (A); Systemp.desensitizer (B); diode laser (980 nm) (C); Nd:YAG laser (D); Er:YAG laser (E); Er,Cr:YSGG laser (F); Systemp.desensitizer + diode laser (G); Systemp.desensitizer + Nd:YAG laser (H); Systemp.desensitizer + Er:YAG laser (I); and Systemp.desensitizer + Er,Cr:YSGG laser (J). SEM was used to evaluate the dentinal specimens in each group (longitudinal and transverse portions), and then images of each sample were captured (20 images/sample). In addition, the number of open dentinal tubules was counted and then the occlusion depth in dentinal tubules was measured. Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were employed to analyze the obtained data. Results: All treatment procedures and protocols were effective in blocking dentinal tubules (p < 0.05). Compared with the other groups, dentinal tubules in the laser and laser combination therapy groups were significantly obstructed (p < 0.05). Diode and Nd:YAG lasers with or without Systemp.desensitizer showed significantly more tubule occlusion and greater sealing depth than Er:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG lasers with or without Systemp.desensitizer (p < 0.05). Conclusions: In summary, lasers alone or in combination can play a significant role in occluding the dentinal tubules. However, combining the diode or Nd:YAG laser with Systemp.desensitizers is a more effective treatment strategy and may have immediate and long-lasting effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Ningning Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Minghao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Tong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Shengchao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Wenxi He
- Department of Stomatology, Air Force Medical Center, Air Force Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
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Limeback H, Enax J, Meyer F. Clinical Evidence of Biomimetic Hydroxyapatite in Oral Care Products for Reducing Dentin Hypersensitivity: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:biomimetics8010023. [PMID: 36648809 PMCID: PMC9844412 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is a very common dental problem that can have a negative impact on the quality of life and can lead to invasive dental procedures. Prevention of DH and control of symptoms are highly desirable. Hydroxyapatite (HAP) has been shown in vitro to block dentinal tubules and in vivo to be a safe and effective additive in oral care products that reduce DH clinically. This study's aim was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the current evidence that HAP-containing oral care products reduce DH. Databases were searched, and only clinical trials in humans were included; studies conducted in vitro or on animals were not included. Publications in a foreign language were translated and included. We found 44 published clinical trials appropriate for systematic analysis. More than half of the trials had high-quality GRADE scores. HAP significantly reduced dentin hypersensitivity compared to placebo (39.5%; CI 95% [48.93; 30.06]), compared to fluoride (23%; CI 95% [34.18; 11.82]), and with a non-significant tendency compared to other desensitizing agents (10.2%; CI 95% [21.76; -19.26]). In conclusion, the meta-analysis showed that HAP added to oral care products is a more effective agent than fluoride in controlling dentin hypersensitivity and may be superior to other desensitizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hardy Limeback
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G1G6, Canada
- Correspondence:
| | - Joachim Enax
- Dr. Kurt Wolff GmbH & Co. KG, Research Department, Johanneswerkstr. 34-36, 33611 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Frederic Meyer
- Dr. Kurt Wolff GmbH & Co. KG, Research Department, Johanneswerkstr. 34-36, 33611 Bielefeld, Germany
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Albar NH. Efficacy of GLUMA for the Treatment of Dentin Hypersensitivity Compared to Lasers: A Systematic Review. J Contemp Dent Pract 2022; 23:1057-1065. [PMID: 37073920 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is characterized by a short, sharp pain in response to a thermal or tactile stimulus. The application of desensitizing agents such as GLUMA and laser is a non-invasive and safe approach to decrease sensitivity. The evidence for the efficacy of GLUMA desensitizer compared to laser desensitization in patients with DH was evaluated for 6 months. DESIGN In March 2022, an electronic search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases was conducted. Articles published in English that compared GLUMA and laser in the treatment of DH with a follow-up of 6 months or more were included. Randomized, non-randomized controlled trials, and clinical trials were included. Risk of bias assessment tools developed by the Cochrane collaboration ROB 2 and ROBINS-I were used to assess the quality of studies. The GRADE assessment method was used to assess the certainty of evidence. RESULTS About 36 studies were identified in the search results. After applying the predefined eligibility criteria, eight studies with 205 participants and 894 sites were included in this review. Of the eight studies, four were judged to be at high risk of bias, three had some concerns, and one had a serious risk of bias. The certainty of the evidence was graded as low. CONCLUSION Based on limited evidence, GLUMA and laser appear to be equally effective in providing relief from DH. GLUMA showed an immediate effect and provided pain relief. Over the course of a week, laser showed long-term stable results. GLUMA is effective in providing immediate relief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nassreen H Albar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia, Phone: +966 505745812, e-mail:
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Dentinal hypersensitivity is characterized by short, sharp pain from exposed dentine that occurs in response to external stimuli such as cold, heat, osmotic, tactile or chemicals, and cannot be explained by any other form of dental defect or pathology. Laser therapy has become a commonly used intervention and might be effective for dentinal hypersensitivity. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of in-office employed lasers versus placebo laser, placebo agents or no treatment for relieving pain of dentinal hypersensitivity. SEARCH METHODS Cochrane Oral Health's Information Specialist searched the following databases: Cochrane Oral Health's Trials Register (to 20 October 2020), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (the Cochrane Library 2020, Issue 9), MEDLINE Ovid (1946 to 20 October 2020), Embase Ovid (1980 to 20 October 2020), CINAHL EBSCO (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature; 1937 to 20 October 2020), and LILACS BIREME Virtual Health Library (Latin American and Caribbean Health Science Information database; from 1982 to 20 October 2020). Conference proceedings were searched via the ISI Web of Science and ZETOC, and OpenGrey was searched for grey literature. The US National Institutes of Health Ongoing Trials Register (ClinicalTrials.gov) and the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform were searched for ongoing trials. No restrictions were placed on the language or date of publication when searching the electronic databases. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in which in-office lasers were compared to placebo or no treatment on patients aged above 12 years with tooth hypersensitivity. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently and in duplicate screened the search results, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of the included studies. Disagreement was resolved by discussion. For continuous outcomes, we used mean differences (MD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). We conducted meta-analyses only with studies of similar comparisons reporting the same outcome measures. We assessed the overall certainty of the evidence using GRADE. MAIN RESULTS We included a total of 23 studies with 936 participants and 2296 teeth. We assessed five studies at overall low risk of bias, 13 at unclear, and five at high risk of bias. 17 studies contributed data to the meta-analyses. We divided the studies into six subgroups based on the type of laser and the primary outcome measure. We assessed the change in intensity of pain using quantitative pain scale (visual analogue scale (VAS) of 0 to 10 (no pain to worst possible pain)) when tested through air blast and tactile stimuli in three categories of short (0 to 24 hours), medium (more than 24 hours to 2 months), and long term (more than 2 months). Results demonstrated that compared to placebo or no treatment the application of all types of lasers combined may reduce pain intensity when tested through air blast stimuli at short term (MD -2.24, 95% CI -3.55 to -0.93; P = 0.0008; 13 studies, 978 teeth; low-certainty evidence), medium term (MD -2.46, 95% CI -3.57 to -1.35; P < 0.0001; 11 studies, 1007 teeth; very low-certainty evidence), and long term (MD -2.60, 95% CI -4.47 to -0.73; P = 0.006; 5 studies, 564 teeth; very low-certainty evidence). Similarly, compared to placebo or no treatment the application of all types of lasers combined may reduce pain intensity when tested through tactile stimuli at short term (MD -0.67, 95% CI -1.31 to -0.03; P = 0.04; 8 studies, 506 teeth; low-certainty evidence) and medium term (MD -1.73, 95% CI -3.17 to -0.30; P = 0.02; 9 studies, 591 teeth; very low-certainty evidence). However, there was insufficient evidence of a difference in pain intensity for all types of lasers when tested through tactile stimuli in the long term (MD -3.52, 95% CI -10.37 to 3.33; P = 0.31; 2 studies, 184 teeth; very low-certainty evidence). Most included studies assessed adverse events and reported that no obvious adverse events were observed during the trials. No studies investigated the impact of laser treatment on participants' quality of life. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Limited and uncertain evidence from meta-analyses suggests that the application of laser overall may improve pain intensity when tested through air blast or tactile stimuli at short, medium, or long term when compared to placebo/no treatment. Overall, laser therapy appears to be safe. Future studies including well-designed double-blinded RCTs are necessary to further investigate the clinical efficacy of lasers as well as their cost-effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Mahdian
- Department of Prosthodontics and Digital Technology, Stony Brook University School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Soodabeh Behboodi
- Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yumi Ogata
- Department of Periodontology, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zuhair S Natto
- Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Ding PH, Dai A, Hu HJ, Huang JP, Liu JM, Chen LL. Efficacy of nano-carbonate apatite dentifrice in relief from dentine hypersensitivity following non-surgical periodontal therapy: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Oral Health 2020; 20:170. [PMID: 32532267 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-01157-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dentine hypersensitivity (DH) could occur or intensify after non-surgical periodontal therapy because of the exposure of dentine tubules, but currently no gold standard exists to treat DH. It has been demonstrated that nano-sized particles presented potential for dentine tubules blocking and remineralization. This randomized controlled trial aimed to investigate the efficacy of dentifrice containing nano-carbonate apatite (n-CAP) in reducing dentine hypersensitivity (DH) after non-surgical periodontal therapy. Methods 48 periodontitis patients with DH were included in this clinical trial. After non-surgical periodontal therapy, patients included were randomized to test and control group and the respective dentifrices were applied at chairside, after which they were instructed to brush teeth with the allocated dentifrices twice a day at home. Periodontal parameters were recorded at baseline and the last follow-up. DH was measured by air-blast test and recorded by visual analogue scale (VAS) and Schiff sensitivity scale at baseline, after polishing (0 week) and 2/4/6 weeks. Results 45 participants completed the follow-up. Periodontal parameters were improved and comparable between groups. Significant reduction in DH was observed in both groups at all time-points compared to baseline in terms of VAS and Schiff score. The test group achieved significantly greater relief from hypersensitivity compared with the control group after 4-week at-home use (for change of VAS, test group: 2.27 ± 2.47 versus control group: 1.68 ± 2.24, p = 0.036; for change of Schiff, test group: 0.94 ± 0.92 versus control group: 0.61 ± 0.83, p < 0.001). The 6-week results showed borderline significance between groups in terms of change of Schiff (p = 0.027) and no significance in terms of change of VAS (p = 0.256). Conclusions Home-use of n-CAP based dentifrice had some benefit on alleviation of DH following non-surgical periodontal therapy after 4 weeks compared to the control product. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trials Registry (No. ChiCTR-IPR-17011678, http://www.chictr.org.cn/, registered 16 June, 2017).
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Pourshahidi S, Ebrahimi H, Mansourian A, Mousavi Y, Kharazifard M. Comparison of Er,Cr:YSGG and diode laser effects on dentin hypersensitivity: a split-mouth randomized clinical trial. Clin Oral Investig 2019; 23:4051-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-02841-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Abstract
Introduction: Dentinal hypersensitivity (DH) is an acute intensive tooth pain which can lead to dental annoyances during eating and drinking. Stimulating exposed dentinal tubules by either kind of thermal, tactile, chemical and/or osmotic stimuli is believed to be the cause of this pain. It is hypothesized that dentinal tubules' orifice occlusion (DOO) can help relieve such dental irritations. Thus, this systematic review was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of laser application as a prevention and treatment modality on DH reduction. Methods: Electronic databases (MEDLINE, SCOPUS) were searched among randomized clinical trials from January 2007 to December 2016. The extraction of data and quality assessments were carried out by different independent observers. Results: A total of 499 items were found of which3 9 relevant articles were extracted. The profound findings proved lasers' effectiveness as a treatment of DH. Although some of the researches reported no significant difference between laser and other desensitizing agents, most of the studies suggested that better results (both rapid and long-lasting) were obtained in combined modalities. Furthermore, the preventive role of this new technology has been emphasized as well. Nd-YAG (neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet) and diode lasers reduce DH after bleaching. Lasers can also protect cervical restorations from DH due to tubular occlusion. Moreover, it is suggested to apply lasers in relief of DH following scaling and root planning. Nevertheless, a few researchers dispute its beneficence as a result of placebo effect. Conclusion: The results obtained from several studies in the present review revealed that the application of lasers is effective not only in terms of treatment of DH, but also in the prevention of this intensive tooth pain. Among various types of lasers, the application of Nd:YAG laser has shown the best results in DH treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Rezazadeh
- Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, Oral & Maxillofacial Medicine department, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Paria Dehghanian
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Dana Jafarpour
- Research Associate, Biomaterials Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Cury MS, Silva CB, Nogueira RD, Campos MGD, Palma-Dibb RG, Geraldo-Martins VR. Surface roughness and bacterial adhesion on root dentin treated with diode laser and conventional desensitizing agents. Lasers Med Sci 2017; 33:257-262. [PMID: 29032514 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-017-2356-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The treatments for dentin hypersensitivity (DH) may change the surface roughness of the root dentin, which can lead to biofilm accumulation, increasing the risk of root caries. The aim was to compare the surface roughness of root dentin after different treatments of DH and the biofilm formation on those surfaces. After initial surface roughness (Sa) assessment, 50 bovine root fragments received the following treatments (n = 10): G 1-no treatment; G2-5% sodium fluoride varnish; G3-professional application of a desensitizing dentifrice; G4-toothbrushing with a desensitizing dentifrice; and G5-diode laser application (908 nm; 1.5 W, 20 s). The Sa was reevaluated after treatments. Afterward, all samples were incubated in a suspension of Streptococcus mutans at 37 °C for 24 h. The colony-forming units (CFU) were counted using a stereoscope, and the results were expressed in CFU/mL. The one-way ANOVA and the Tukey's tests compared the roughness data and the results obtained on the bacterial adhesion test (α = 5%). G2 (2.3 ± 1.67%) showed similar Sa variation than G1 (0.25 ± 0.41%) and G5 (5.69 ± 0.99%), but different from group G3 (9.05 ± 2.39%). Group 4 showed the highest Sa variation (30.02 ± 3.83%; p < 0.05). Bacterial adhesion was higher in G4 (2208 ± 211.9), suggesting that bacterial growth is greater on rougher surfaces. The diode laser and the conventional treatments for DH may change the surface roughness of the root dentin, but only brushing with desensitizing dentifrice induced a higher bacteria accumulation on root dentin surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiza S Cury
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Uberaba University, Av. Nene Sabino, 1801 Sala 2D04, Uberaba, MG, 38 055 500, Brazil
| | - Camilla B Silva
- Biopathology Division, Uberaba University, Av. Nene Sabino, 1801 Sala 2D04, Uberaba, MG, 38 055 500, Brazil
| | - Ruchele D Nogueira
- Biopathology Division, Uberaba University, Av. Nene Sabino, 1801 Sala 2D04, Uberaba, MG, 38 055 500, Brazil
| | - Michelle G D Campos
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Uberaba University, Av. Nene Sabino, 1801 Sala 2D04, Uberaba, MG, 38 055 500, Brazil
| | - Regina G Palma-Dibb
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ribeirao Preto Dental School, São Paulo University, Avenida do Cafe, s/n, Ribeirao Preto, SP, 14040 904, Brazil
| | - Vinicius R Geraldo-Martins
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Uberaba University, Av. Nene Sabino, 1801 Sala 2D04, Uberaba, MG, 38 055 500, Brazil.
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