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Wang YL, Zhu MY, Yuan ZF, Ren XY, Guo XT, Hua Y, Xu L, Zhao CY, Jiang LH, Zhang X, Sheng GX, Jiang PF, Zhao ZY, Gao F. Proteomic profiling of cerebrospinal fluid in pediatric myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease. World J Pediatr 2024; 20:259-271. [PMID: 36507981 PMCID: PMC10957615 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-022-00661-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is an autoimmune demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system. METHODS Extracted proteins from 34 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples [patients with MOGAD (MOG group, n = 12); healthy controls (HC group, n = 12); patients with MOG seronegative and metagenomics next-generation sequencing-negative inflammatory neurological diseases (IND group, n = 10)] were processed and subjected to label-free quantitative proteomics. Supervised partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and orthogonal PLS-DA (O-PLS-DA) models were also performed based on proteomics data. Functional analysis of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) was performed using Gene Ontology, InterPro, and Kyoto Encyclopedia Genes and Genomes. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the complement levels in serum from patients with MOGAD. RESULTS Four hundred and twenty-nine DEPs (149 upregulated and 280 downregulated proteins) were identified in the MOG group compared to the HC group according to the P value and fold change (FC). Using the O-PLS-DA model, 872 differentially abundant proteins were identified with variable importance projection (VIP) scores > 1. Five proteins (gamma-glutamyl hydrolase, cathepsin F, interalpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 5, latent transforming growth factor beta-binding protein 4 and leukocyte-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor 1) overlapping between the top 30 DEPs with top-ranked P value and FC and top 30 proteins in PLS-DA VIP lists were acquired. Functional analysis revealed that the dysregulated proteins in the MOG group were primarily involved in complement and coagulation cascades, cell adhesion, axon guidance, and glycosphingolipid biosynthesis compared to the HC group. CONCLUSION The proteomic alterations in CSF samples from children with MOGAD identified in the current study might provide opportunities for developing novel biomarker candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Long Wang
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
- Children's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Meng-Ying Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
- Children's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Zhe-Feng Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
- Children's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Ren
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Xiao-Tong Guo
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
- Children's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Yi Hua
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
- Children's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Lu Xu
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
- Children's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Cong-Ying Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
- Children's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Li-Hua Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
- Children's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
- Children's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Guo-Xia Sheng
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
- Children's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Pei-Fang Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
- Children's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Zheng-Yan Zhao
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China.
- Children's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China.
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China.
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China.
- Children's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China.
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Shahjahan, Dey JK, Dey SK. Translational bioinformatics approach to combat cardiovascular disease and cancers. Adv Protein Chem Struct Biol 2024; 139:221-261. [PMID: 38448136 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2023.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Bioinformatics is an interconnected subject of science dealing with diverse fields including biology, chemistry, physics, statistics, mathematics, and computer science as the key fields to answer complicated physiological problems. Key intention of bioinformatics is to store, analyze, organize, and retrieve essential information about genome, proteome, transcriptome, metabolome, as well as organisms to investigate the biological system along with its dynamics, if any. The outcome of bioinformatics depends on the type, quantity, and quality of the raw data provided and the algorithm employed to analyze the same. Despite several approved medicines available, cardiovascular disorders (CVDs) and cancers comprises of the two leading causes of human deaths. Understanding the unknown facts of both these non-communicable disorders is inevitable to discover new pathways, find new drug targets, and eventually newer drugs to combat them successfully. Since, all these goals involve complex investigation and handling of various types of macro- and small- molecules of the human body, bioinformatics plays a key role in such processes. Results from such investigation has direct human application and thus we call this filed as translational bioinformatics. Current book chapter thus deals with diverse scope and applications of this translational bioinformatics to find cure, diagnosis, and understanding the mechanisms of CVDs and cancers. Developing complex yet small or long algorithms to address such problems is very common in translational bioinformatics. Structure-based drug discovery or AI-guided invention of novel antibodies that too with super-high accuracy, speed, and involvement of considerably low amount of investment are some of the astonishing features of the translational bioinformatics and its applications in the fields of CVDs and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahjahan
- Laboratory for Structural Biology of Membrane Proteins, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Joy Kumar Dey
- Central Council for Research in Homoeopathy, Ministry of Ayush, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar Dey
- Laboratory for Structural Biology of Membrane Proteins, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.
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Ahmad S, Kumar R. An update of new/potential cardiovascular markers: a narrative review. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:179. [PMID: 38252393 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08978-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular and their associated disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death worldwide, in developed and developing countries, and its prevalence has increased over the past few decades, due to changes in the lifestyle of people. Biomarkers are important tools for diagnosing, analyzing, and providing evidence of pathological conditions of CVD and their associated diseases. METHODS This study reviews historical cardiovascular biomarkers used to diagnose various diseases, their uses, and limitations, as well as the importance of new and emerging biomarkers. CONCLUSION sST2, GDF-15, CD-40, IL-6, and Micro-RNA. Initial studies of the future of cardiac biomarkers are promising, but more research is needed to demonstrate that they are more effective biomarkers of risk factors for CVD development. They also lack the analytical foundation needed for adoption in the medical industry. It is also necessary to determine whether these biomarkers can be used for diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharique Ahmad
- Department of Pathology, Era's Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, India
| | - Raushan Kumar
- Department of Pathology, Era's Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, India.
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Zhou Y, Yue T, Ding Y, Tan H, Weng J, Luo S, Zheng X. Nanotechnology translation in vascular diseases: From design to the bench. Wiley Interdiscip Rev Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2024; 16:e1919. [PMID: 37548140 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a systemic pathophysiological condition contributing to the development of majority of polyvascular diseases. Nanomedicine is a novel and rapidly developing science. Due to their small size, nanoparticles are freely transported in vasculature, and have been widely employed as tools in analytical imaging techniques. Furthermore, the application of nanoparticles also allows target intervention, such as drug delivery and tissue engineering regenerative methods, in the management of major vascular diseases. Therefore, by summarizing the physical and chemical characteristics of common nanoparticles used in diagnosis and treatment of vascular diseases, we discuss the details of these applications from cellular, molecular, and in vivo perspectives in this review. Furthermore, we also summarize the status and challenges of the application of nanoparticles in clinical translation. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Cardiovascular Disease Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanomaterials and Implants Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongwen Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Tong Yue
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yu Ding
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Huiling Tan
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jianping Weng
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Sihui Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Xueying Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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Gold ME, Woods E, Pobee D, Ibrahim R, Quyyumi AA. Multi-proteomic Biomarker Risk Scores for Predicting Risk and Guiding Therapy in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease. Curr Cardiol Rep 2023; 25:1811-1821. [PMID: 38079057 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-023-01995-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Patients with established coronary artery disease (CAD) are at high residual risk for adverse events, despite guideline-based treatments. Herein, we aimed to determine whether risk scores based on multiple circulating biomarkers that represent activation of various pathophysiologically important pathways involved in atherosclerosis and myocardial dysfunction help identify those at greatest residual risk. RECENT FINDINGS Numerous circulating proteins, representing dysregulation of the pathways involved in the development and stability of coronary and myocardial diseases, have been identified. When aggregated together, biomarker risk scores (BRS) more accurately stratify patients with established CAD that may help target interventions in those individuals who are at elevated risk. Moreover, intensification of guideline-based therapies has been associated with parallel improvements in both BRS and outcomes, indicating that these risk scores may be employed clinically to target therapy. Multi-protein BRS are predictive of risk, independent of, and in addition to traditional risk factor assessments in patients with CAD. Those with elevated risk may benefit from optimization of therapies, and improvements in the BRS will identify those with improved outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew E Gold
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, 1760 Haygood Dr NE, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Edward Woods
- Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Darlington Pobee
- Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Rand Ibrahim
- Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Arshed A Quyyumi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, 1760 Haygood Dr NE, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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Souza FRD, Rochitte CE, Silva DC, Sampaio B, Passarelli M, Santos MRD, Fonseca GW, Battaglia Filho AC, Correa K, do Val RM, Yonamine M, Pereira RMR, Negrão CE, Kalil-Filho R, Alves MJDNN. Coronary Inflammation by Computed Tomography Pericoronary Fat Attenuation and Increased Cytokines in Young Male Anabolic Androgenic Steroid Users. Arq Bras Cardiol 2023; 120:e20220822. [PMID: 37991119 PMCID: PMC10697680 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20220822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS) abuse has been associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). Pericoronary fat attenuation (pFA) is a marker of coronary inflammation, which is key in the atherosclerotic process. OBJECTIVE To evaluate pFA and inflammatory profile in AAS users. METHODS Twenty strength-trained AAS users (AASU), 20 AAS nonusers (AASNU), and 10 sedentary controls (SC) were evaluated. Coronary inflammation was evaluated by mean pericoronary fat attenuation (mPFA) in the right coronary artery (RCA), left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD), and left circumflex (LCx). Interleukin (IL)-1 (IL-1), IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-alpha were evaluated by optical density (OD) in a spectrophotometer with a 450 nm filter. P<0.05 indicated statistical significance. RESULTS AASU had higher mPFA in the RCA (-65.87 [70.51-60.70] vs. -78.07 [83.66-72.87] vs.-78.46 [85.41-71.99] Hounsfield Units (HU), respectively, p<0.001) and mPFA in the LAD (-71.47 [76.40-66.61] vs. -79.32 [84.37-74.59] vs. -82.52 [88.44-75.81] HU, respectively, p=0.006) compared with AASNU and SC. mPFA in the LCx was not different between AASU, AASNU, and SC (-72.41 [77.17-70.37] vs. -80.13 [86.22-72.23] vs. -78.29 [80.63-72.29] HU, respectively, p=0.163). AASU compared with AASNU and SC, had higher IL-1, (0.975 [0.847-1.250] vs. 0.437 [0.311-0.565] vs. 0.530 [0.402-0.780] OD, respectively, p=0.002), IL-6 (1.195 [0.947-1.405] vs. 0.427 [0.377-0.577] vs. 0.605 [0.332-0.950] OD, p=0.005) and IL-10 (1.145 [0.920-1.292] vs. 0.477 [0.382-0.591] vs. 0.340 [0.316-0.560] OD, p<0.001). TNF-α was not different between the AASU, AASNU, and SC groups (0.520 [0.250-0.610] vs. 0.377 [0.261-0.548] vs. 0.350 [0.182-430]), respectively. CONCLUSION Compared with ASSNU and controls, AASU have higher mPFA and higher systemic inflammatory cytokines profile suggesting that AAS may induce coronary atherosclerosis through coronary and systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis Ribeiro de Souza
- Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , SP - Brasil
| | - Carlos E Rochitte
- Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , SP - Brasil
| | - Douglas Carli Silva
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo , SP - Brasil
| | - Barbara Sampaio
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo , São Paulo , SP - Brasil
| | - Marisa Passarelli
- Universidade de São Paulo - Faculdade de Medicina - Laboratório de Lípides , São Paulo , SP - Brasil
- Universidade Nove de Julho , São Paulo , SP - Brasil
| | - Marcelo R Dos Santos
- Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , SP - Brasil
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein , São Paulo , SP - Brasil
| | - Guilherme W Fonseca
- Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , SP - Brasil
| | - Antonio Carlos Battaglia Filho
- Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , SP - Brasil
| | - Kelly Correa
- Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , SP - Brasil
| | - Renata Margarida do Val
- Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , SP - Brasil
| | - Maurício Yonamine
- Universidade de São Paulo - Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas , São Paulo , SP - Brasil
| | - Rosa Maria R Pereira
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo , SP - Brasil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Negrão
- Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , SP - Brasil
| | - Roberto Kalil-Filho
- Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , SP - Brasil
- Hospital Sírio Libanês , São Paulo , SP - Brasil
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Sommer P, Schreinlechner M, Noflatscher M, Lener D, Mair F, Theurl M, Kirchmair R, Marschang P. Increasing Soluble P-Selectin Levels Predict Higher Peripheral Atherosclerotic Plaque Progression. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6430. [PMID: 37892568 PMCID: PMC10607706 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12206430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The adhesion molecule P-selectin is expressed by endothelial cells and platelets. It is involved in platelet activation and leukocyte adhesion, both important processes in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Our study was designed to assess the predictive value of soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin) on the progression of peripheral atherosclerosis. METHODS This is an observational, single-center, cohort study that included 443 patients with established cardiovascular disease (CVD) or at least one cardiovascular risk factor. Over a period of 4 years, each patient underwent three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound to assess the plaque volume of the carotid and femoral arteries once per year. In addition, plasma sP-selectin levels were measured at each visit. The association between changes in sP-selectin and peripheral atherosclerotic plaque progression was assessed using growth curve models. RESULTS 338 patients were available for statistical analysis. Each standard deviation increase in sP-selectin was significantly (p < 0.001) associated with a 46.09 mm3 higher plaque volume. In ROC-analysis, changes in sP-selectin over time showed an optimal cut-off value around Δ 0.0 µg/mL sP-selectin and significantly improved the predictive value of the ESC-SCORE (AUC for the combination of both parameters was 0.75 (95% CI 0.68-0.81, p < 0.001). Patients with increasing sP-selectin showed a significantly higher plaque progression compared to patients with decreasing or stable sP-selectin levels (202 mm3 vs. 110 mm3, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Increasing sP-selectin levels can predict higher atherosclerotic plaque progression as measured by 3D ultrasound. We suggest serial measurements of sP-selectin as an easily measurable biomarker for peripheral atherosclerotic plaque progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Sommer
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (P.S.)
| | - Michael Schreinlechner
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (P.S.)
| | - Maria Noflatscher
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (P.S.)
| | - Daniela Lener
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (P.S.)
| | - Fabian Mair
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (P.S.)
| | - Markus Theurl
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (P.S.)
| | - Rudolf Kirchmair
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (P.S.)
| | - Peter Marschang
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (P.S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Central Hospital of Bolzano (SABES-ASDAA), Via Lorenz Boehler 5, I-39100 Bolzano, Italy
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8
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Shi Y, Cheng Z, Jian W, Liu Y, Liu J. Machine learning-based analysis of risk factors for chronic total occlusion in an Asian population. J Int Med Res 2023; 51:3000605231202141. [PMID: 37818654 PMCID: PMC10566279 DOI: 10.1177/03000605231202141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Chronic total occlusion (CTO) is a form of coronary artery disease (CAD) requiring percutaneous coronary intervention. There has been minimal research regarding CTO-specific risk factors and predictive models. We developed machine learning predictive models based on clinical characteristics to identify patients with CTO before coronary angiography. METHODS Data from 1473 patients with CAD, including 317 patients with and 1156 patients without CTO, were retrospectively analyzed. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), random forest (RF), and support vector machine (SVM) models were used to identify CTO-specific risk factors and predict CTO development. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed for model validation. RESULTS For CTO prediction, the PLS-DA model included 10 variables; the ROC value was 0.706. The RF model included 42 variables; the ROC value was 0.702. The SVM model included 20 variables; the ROC value was 0.696. DeLong's test showed no difference among the three models. Four variables were present in all models: sex, neutrophil percentage, creatinine, and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP). CONCLUSIONS Validation of machine learning prediction models for CTO revealed that the PLS-DA model had the best prediction performance. Sex, neutrophil percentage, creatinine, and BNP may be important risk factors for CTO development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Shi
- Center for Coronary Artery Disease (CCAD), Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zichao Cheng
- Center for Coronary Artery Disease (CCAD), Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Jian
- Center for Coronary Artery Disease (CCAD), Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yanci Liu
- Center for Coronary Artery Disease (CCAD), Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jinghua Liu
- Center for Coronary Artery Disease (CCAD), Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
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Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the main cause of arterial thrombosis, causing acute occlusive cardiovascular syndromes. Numerous risk prediction models have been developed, which mathematically combine multiple predictors, to estimate the risk of developing cardiovascular events. Current risk models typically do not include information from biomarkers that can potentially improve these existing prediction models especially if they are pathophysiologically relevant. Numerous cardiovascular disease biomarkers have been investigated that have focused on known pathophysiological pathways including those related to cardiac stress, inflammation, matrix remodelling, and endothelial dysfunction. Imaging biomarkers have also been studied that have yielded promising results with a potential higher degree of clinical applicability in detection of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular event prediction. To further improve therapy decision-making and guidance, there is continuing intense research on emerging biologically relevant biomarkers. As the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease is multifactorial, improvements in discrimination and reclassification in risk prediction models will likely involve multiple biomarkers. This article will provide an overview of the literature on potential blood-based and imaging biomarkers of atherosclerosis studied so far, as well as potential future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kashan Ali
- From the Division of Molecular & Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Chim C Lang
- From the Division of Molecular & Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Jeffrey T J Huang
- Biomarker and Drug Analysis Core Facility, Medical Research Institute, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Anna-Maria Choy
- From the Division of Molecular & Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
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10
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Jigoranu RA, Roca M, Costache AD, Mitu O, Oancea AF, Miftode RS, Haba MȘC, Botnariu EG, Maștaleru A, Gavril RS, Trandabat BA, Chirica SI, Haba RM, Leon MM, Costache II, Mitu F. Novel Biomarkers for Atherosclerotic Disease: Advances in Cardiovascular Risk Assessment. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1639. [PMID: 37629496 PMCID: PMC10455542 DOI: 10.3390/life13081639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a significant health concern with a growing incidence worldwide. It is directly linked to an increased cardiovascular risk and to major adverse cardiovascular events, such as acute coronary syndromes. In this review, we try to assess the potential diagnostic role of biomarkers in the early identification of patients susceptible to the development of atherosclerosis and other adverse cardiovascular events. We have collected publications concerning already established parameters, such as low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), as well as newer markers, e.g., apolipoprotein B (apoB) and the ratio between apoB and apoA. Additionally, given the inflammatory nature of the development of atherosclerosis, high-sensitivity c-reactive protein (hs-CRP) or interleukin-6 (IL-6) are also discussed. Additionally, newer publications on other emerging components linked to atherosclerosis were considered in the context of patient evaluation. Apart from the already in-use markers (e.g., LDL-C), emerging research highlights the potential of newer molecules in optimizing the diagnosis of atherosclerotic disease in earlier stages. After further studies, they might be fully implemented in the screening protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul-Alexandru Jigoranu
- Department of Medical Specialties I, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (R.-A.J.); (O.M.); (A.-F.O.); (R.-S.M.); (M.Ș.C.H.); (A.M.); (R.-S.G.); (M.M.L.); (I.-I.C.); (F.M.)
- Department of Cardiology, “St. Spiridon” Emergency County Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Mihai Roca
- Department of Medical Specialties I, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (R.-A.J.); (O.M.); (A.-F.O.); (R.-S.M.); (M.Ș.C.H.); (A.M.); (R.-S.G.); (M.M.L.); (I.-I.C.); (F.M.)
- Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, 700661 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alexandru-Dan Costache
- Department of Medical Specialties I, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (R.-A.J.); (O.M.); (A.-F.O.); (R.-S.M.); (M.Ș.C.H.); (A.M.); (R.-S.G.); (M.M.L.); (I.-I.C.); (F.M.)
- Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, 700661 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Mitu
- Department of Medical Specialties I, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (R.-A.J.); (O.M.); (A.-F.O.); (R.-S.M.); (M.Ș.C.H.); (A.M.); (R.-S.G.); (M.M.L.); (I.-I.C.); (F.M.)
- Department of Cardiology, “St. Spiridon” Emergency County Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alexandru-Florinel Oancea
- Department of Medical Specialties I, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (R.-A.J.); (O.M.); (A.-F.O.); (R.-S.M.); (M.Ș.C.H.); (A.M.); (R.-S.G.); (M.M.L.); (I.-I.C.); (F.M.)
- Department of Cardiology, “St. Spiridon” Emergency County Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Radu-Stefan Miftode
- Department of Medical Specialties I, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (R.-A.J.); (O.M.); (A.-F.O.); (R.-S.M.); (M.Ș.C.H.); (A.M.); (R.-S.G.); (M.M.L.); (I.-I.C.); (F.M.)
- Department of Cardiology, “St. Spiridon” Emergency County Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Mihai Ștefan Cristian Haba
- Department of Medical Specialties I, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (R.-A.J.); (O.M.); (A.-F.O.); (R.-S.M.); (M.Ș.C.H.); (A.M.); (R.-S.G.); (M.M.L.); (I.-I.C.); (F.M.)
- Department of Cardiology, “St. Spiridon” Emergency County Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Eosefina Gina Botnariu
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
- Department of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, “St. Spiridon” Emergency County Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alexandra Maștaleru
- Department of Medical Specialties I, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (R.-A.J.); (O.M.); (A.-F.O.); (R.-S.M.); (M.Ș.C.H.); (A.M.); (R.-S.G.); (M.M.L.); (I.-I.C.); (F.M.)
- Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, 700661 Iasi, Romania
| | - Radu-Sebastian Gavril
- Department of Medical Specialties I, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (R.-A.J.); (O.M.); (A.-F.O.); (R.-S.M.); (M.Ș.C.H.); (A.M.); (R.-S.G.); (M.M.L.); (I.-I.C.); (F.M.)
- Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, 700661 Iasi, Romania
| | - Bogdan-Andrei Trandabat
- Department of Surgery II, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, 700661 Iasi, Romania
| | - Sabina Ioana Chirica
- Faculty of General Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (S.I.C.); (R.M.H.)
| | - Raluca Maria Haba
- Faculty of General Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (S.I.C.); (R.M.H.)
| | - Maria Magdalena Leon
- Department of Medical Specialties I, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (R.-A.J.); (O.M.); (A.-F.O.); (R.-S.M.); (M.Ș.C.H.); (A.M.); (R.-S.G.); (M.M.L.); (I.-I.C.); (F.M.)
- Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, 700661 Iasi, Romania
| | - Irina-Iuliana Costache
- Department of Medical Specialties I, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (R.-A.J.); (O.M.); (A.-F.O.); (R.-S.M.); (M.Ș.C.H.); (A.M.); (R.-S.G.); (M.M.L.); (I.-I.C.); (F.M.)
- Department of Cardiology, “St. Spiridon” Emergency County Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Florin Mitu
- Department of Medical Specialties I, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (R.-A.J.); (O.M.); (A.-F.O.); (R.-S.M.); (M.Ș.C.H.); (A.M.); (R.-S.G.); (M.M.L.); (I.-I.C.); (F.M.)
- Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, 700661 Iasi, Romania
- Romanian Academy of Medical Sciences, 030167 Bucharest, Romania
- Romanian Academy of Scientists, 050045 Bucharest, Romania
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11
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Vieira WA, Paranhos LR, Meneses-Santos D, Floriano LO, Borges GH, Sponchiado-Junior EC, de-Jesus-Soares A. Association between the prevalence of pulp stones and calcified atherosclerotic plaques: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2023; 52:20230004. [PMID: 37052394 PMCID: PMC10170168 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20230004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between the prevalence of pulp stones (PS) in permanent teeth and calcified atherosclerotic plaques (CAP). METHODS An electronic search was performed in 10 databases to locate observational studies that investigated the association between PS in permanent teeth and CAP, published until March 2022. Two reviewers performed the search, selection and extraction of data from eligible studies. The individual risk of bias of eligible studies was assessed using the JBI Critical Appraisal Tools. The meta-analysis was conducted using fixed and random effects and odds ratio (OR) as an effect measure with a 95% confidence interval (CI). The heterogeneity between the studies was quantified using the I² test. The certainty of evidence was evaluated using the GRADE approach. RESULTS The electronic search resulted in 2968 records, of which only 7 studies were considered eligible. The total sample consisted of 3770 participants from 5 countries. All studies showed biases of confounding factors and exposure assessment. Based on six studies and with very low certainty of evidence, the meta-analysis showed that patients with PS were more likely to also have CAP in carotid or coronary arteries (OR: 1.70; 95% CI: 1.21; 2.38, I² = 0%). CONCLUSIONS Limited evidence suggests that there is a positive association between the prevalence of PS in permanent teeth detected using panoramic radiography and CAP in the coronary or carotid arteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walbert A. Vieira
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontics Division, School of Dentistry of Piracicaba, UniversidadeEstadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Luiz Renato Paranhos
- Division of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Daniela Meneses-Santos
- Department of Morphology, Center of Biological Sciences and Health, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Luiz Otávio Floriano
- Undergraduate student in dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Henrique Borges
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Adriana de-Jesus-Soares
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontics Division, School of Dentistry of Piracicaba, UniversidadeEstadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
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12
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Sperstad SB, Sæther JC, Klevjer M, Giskeødegård GF, Bathen TF, Røsbjørgen R, Dalen H, Bye A. Lipoprotein subfraction profiling in the search of new risk markers for myocardial infarction: The HUNT study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285355. [PMID: 37146027 PMCID: PMC10162525 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional biomarkers used to measure risk of myocardial infarction (MI) only explain a modest proportion of the incidence. Lipoprotein subfractions have the potential to improve risk prediction of MI. AIM We aimed to identify lipoprotein subfractions that were associated with imminent MI risk. METHODS We identified apparently healthy participants with a predicted low 10-year risk of MI from The Trøndelag Health Survey 3 (HUNT3) that developed MI within 5 years after inclusion (cases, n = 50) and 100 matched controls. Lipoprotein subfractions were analyzed in serum by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy at time of inclusion in HUNT3. Lipoprotein subfractions were compared between cases and controls in the full population (N = 150), and in subgroups of males (n = 90) and females (n = 60). In addition, a sub analysis was performed in participants that experienced MI within two years and their matched controls (n = 56). RESULTS None of the lipoprotein subfractions were significantly associated with future MI when adjusting for multiple testing (p<0.002). At nominal significance level (p<0.05), the concentration of apolipoprotein A1 in the smallest high-density lipoprotein (HDL) subfractions was higher in cases compared to controls. Further, in sub analyses based on sex, male cases had lower lipid concentration within the large HDL subfractions and higher lipid concentration within the small HDL subfractions compared to male controls (p<0.05). No differences were found in lipoprotein subfractions between female cases and controls. In sub analysis of individuals suffering from MI within two years, triglycerides in low-density lipoprotein were higher among cases (p<0.05). CONCLUSION None of the investigated lipoprotein subfractions were associated with future MI after adjustment for multiple testing. However, our findings suggests that HDL subfractions may be of interest in relation to risk prediction for MI, especially in males. This need to be further investigated in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigri Bakken Sperstad
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF Industry, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Julie Caroline Sæther
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
- Clinic of Cardiology, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Marie Klevjer
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
- Clinic of Cardiology, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Tone Frost Bathen
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Håvard Dalen
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
- Clinic of Cardiology, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Medicine, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway
| | - Anja Bye
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
- Clinic of Cardiology, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
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Wang W, Song L. Landscape of lipidomics in cardiovascular medicine from 2012 to 2021: A systematic bibliometric analysis and literature review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e32599. [PMID: 36596038 PMCID: PMC9803420 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipidomics has shaped our knowledge of how lipids play a central role in cardiovascular diseases (CVD), whereas there is a lack of a summary of existing research findings. This study performed a bibliometric analysis of lipidomics research in cardiovascular medicine to reveal the core countries, institutions, key researchers, important references, major journals, research hotspots and frontiers in this field. From 2012 to 2021, a total of 761 articles were obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection database. There is a steady increase of publications yearly. The United States and China are on the top of the list regarding article output. The institutions with the most publications were the Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Harvard Medical School. Peter J Meikle was both the most published and most co-cited author. The major journal in this field is Journal of lipid research. Keyword co-occurrence analysis indicated that coronary heart disease, mass spectrometry, risk, fatty acid, and insulin resistance have become hot topics in this field and keyword burst detection suggests that metabolomics, activation, liver, low density lipoprotein are the frontiers of research in recent years. Collectively, lipidomics in CVD is still in its infancy with a steady increase yearly. More in-depth studies in this area are warranted in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Affiliated Hangzhou Chest Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- * Correspondence: Wenting Wang, Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou Chest Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 208 Huancheng East Road, Hangzhou 310003, China (e-mail: )
| | - Lei Song
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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14
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Xi Y, Huang L, Hao J, Luo C, Li J, Dong Y, Lin G, Zhuang J, Jia Q, Huang M. Predictive performance of the perivascular fat attenuation index for interventional antegrade percutaneous coronary intervention for chronic total occlusion. Eur Radiol 2022; 33:3041-3051. [PMID: 36571603 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-022-09370-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the association between the perivascular fat attenuation index (FAI) and the success of the antegrade percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for chronic total occlusion (CTO). METHODS This study evaluated patients with only one CTO lesion observed on conventional coronary angiography (CAG) who underwent coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) < 1 month before CAG, from 2018 to 2019. The clinical data, CCTA-based CTO lesion morphologic characteristics, and perivascular FAI of CTO lesions were recorded and analysed. RESULTS In total, 156 patients with CTOs were enrolled in this study. Successful antegrade PCI (A-PCI) was achieved in 105 CTO lesions (67.3%). The perivascular FAI of the failed A-PCI group was significantly lower than the successful A-PCI group (-84.76 ± 10.44 Hounsfield unit (HU) vs. -67.54 ± 9.94 HU; p < 0.001), and the cut-off value determined by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was -77.50 HU. Multivariable analysis revealed no statistical significance in the clinical data, FAI ≤ -77.50 HU (odds ratio (OR): 33.96), negative remodeling (OR: 4.36), severe calcification degree (OR: 4.43) and occlusion length ≥ 20.25 mm (OR: 3.89) were independent predictors of A-PCI failure. The prediction performance of combining the three morphologic characteristics (severe calcification, occlusion length ≥ 20.25 mm, and negative remodeling) with FAI ≤ -77.50 HU was better than that of the three morphologic characteristics alone (0.93 versus 0.77, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS As a non-invasive index for detecting coronary inflammation, FAI complements indicators based on coronary CTA well and may be helpful for choosing appropriate interventional strategies. KEY POINTS • Perivascular FAI of CTO was significantly higher in the failed A-PCI group. • The combination of FAI with other morphological predictors showed higher predictive performance of failed A-PCI for CTOs. • FAI is a good complement to indicators based on coronary CTA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Xi
- Department of Radiology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou, 510623, China.,Department of Catheterization Lab, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Junhai Hao
- Department of Intensive Care Unit of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Chun Luo
- Department of Radiology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Jinglei Li
- Department of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yuhao Dong
- Department of Catheterization Lab, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Guisen Lin
- Department of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jian Zhuang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Qianjun Jia
- Department of Catheterization Lab, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Meiping Huang
- Department of Catheterization Lab, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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15
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Mingtai C, Guofu Z, Junteng C, Ling M, Jienan L, Zhihao L. Effectiveness and safety of Tiaogan formula in the treatment of coronary heart disease: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e32237. [PMID: 36550848 PMCID: PMC9771251 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The morbidity and mortality of coronary heart disease (CHD) has remained high, which greatly increases people's economic burden. Several studies have showed that Tiaogan formula (TGF), as a kind of Chinese herbal medicine, was of benefit to relieving angina pectoris symptoms and improving the quality of life for CHD patients. However, the intensity of evidence has been poor, limiting the further clinical application of TGF to CHD. This systematic review and meta-analysis will assess the effectiveness and safety of studies of TGF in CHD patients. METHODS A systematic search for literature up to December 2022 will be conducted in following public electronic databases: PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Scientific Journals Database Database, and Wanfang Database. Inclusion criteria are randomized controlled trials of Tiaogan formula in the treatment of coronary heart disease. The primary outcome measures will be mortality, acute cardiovascular events, total efficacy rate, and improvement of angina symptoms. The secondary outcome measures will be electrocardiogram, levels of blood lipid, and adverse events. RevMan 5.4 software Cochrane Collaboration (London, United Kingdom) will be applied for data synthesis, sensitivity analysis, subgroup analysis, and risk of bias assessment. A funnel plot will be developed to evaluate reporting bias and Egger tests will be used to assess funnel plot symmetries. We will use the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system to assess the quality of evidence. RESULTS This study will provide a systematic review of Tiaogan formula in the treatment of CHD. CONCLUSION This study will provide a high-quality synthesis of the effects and safety of Tiaogan formula in the treatment of CHD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Mingtai
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhong Guofu
- Intensive Care Unit, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chen Junteng
- Intensive Care Unit, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Men Ling
- Nephrology Department, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Luan Jienan
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- * Correspondence: Luo Zhihao, Department of Emergency Center, Hainan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Hainan 570203, China (e-mail: ); Luan Jienan, Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, China (e-mail: )
| | - Luo Zhihao
- Department of Emergency Center, Hainan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Hainan, China
- * Correspondence: Luo Zhihao, Department of Emergency Center, Hainan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Hainan 570203, China (e-mail: ); Luan Jienan, Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, China (e-mail: )
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16
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Schettler VJJ, Schettler E. Beyond cholesterol-pleiotropic effects of lipoprotein apheresis. Ther Apher Dial 2022; 26 Suppl 1:35-40. [PMID: 36468323 DOI: 10.1111/1744-9987.13857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of mortality worldwide, which is caused mainly by atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease of blood vessels. Therefore, atherosclerosis represents a complex disorder, which induces damage or imbalance on different levels: for example, genes, cytokines, lipoproteins, cells, vessels, and organs. Lipoprotein apheresis (LA) is a well-established extracorporeal treatment of severe hyperlipoproteinemia. In addition, LA may have simultaneously crucial effects on many other atherogenic factors during the treatments, for example, as vascular inflammation, rheology, mobilization of adult stem cells and gene expressions in blood or endothelial cells, which will be discussed in this short review. In addition, stable microRNAs besides tissues also appear in extracellular compartments, for example, vessels, involved in atherosclerotic processes, were found to be reduced by LA treatments. In summary, LA represents a complex therapeutic procedure, that provides an ideal tool for the treatment of complex disorders such as atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elke Schettler
- BRAVE - Benefit for Research on Arterial Hypertension, Dyslipidemia and Vascular Risk and Education e.V., Göttingen, Germany
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17
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Shi Y, Zheng Z, Liu Y, Wu Y, Wang P, Liu J. Leveraging Machine Learning Techniques to Forecast Chronic Total Occlusion before Coronary Angiography. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11236993. [PMID: 36498568 PMCID: PMC9739483 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11236993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic total occlusion (CTO) remains the most challenging procedure in coronary artery disease (CAD) for interventional cardiology. Although some clinical risk factors for CAD have been identified, there is no personalized prognosis test available to confidently identify patients at high or low risk for CTO CAD. This investigation aimed to use a machine learning algorithm for clinical features from clinical routine to develop a precision medicine tool to predict CTO before CAG. METHODS Data from 1473 CAD patients were obtained, including 1105 in the training cohort and 368 in the testing cohort. The baseline clinical characteristics were collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify independent risk factors that impact the diagnosis of CTO. A CTO predicting model was established and validated based on the independent predictors using a machine learning algorithm. The area under the curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the model. RESULTS The CTO prediction model was developed with the training cohort using the machine learning algorithm. Eight variables were confirmed as 'important': gender (male), neutrophil percentage (NE%), hematocrit (HCT), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), ejection fraction (EF), troponin I (TnI), and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP). The model achieved good concordance indices of 0.724 and 0.719 in the training and testing cohorts, respectively. CONCLUSIONS An easy-to-use tool to predict CTO in patients with CAD was developed and validated. More research with larger cohorts are warranted to improve the prediction model, which can support clinician decisions on the early discerning CTO in CAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Shi
- Center for Coronary Artery Disease (CCAD), Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ze Zheng
- Center for Coronary Artery Disease (CCAD), Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yanci Liu
- Center for Coronary Artery Disease (CCAD), Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yongxin Wu
- Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Center for Coronary Artery Disease (CCAD), Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jinghua Liu
- Center for Coronary Artery Disease (CCAD), Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
- Correspondence: ; Fax: +86-010-64456998
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Zhou Y, Chen J, Li S, Chen A, Dai C, Liu M, Lu D, Chen Z, Wang X, Qian J, Ge J. Prognostic implication of lipidomics in patients with coronary total occlusion undergoing PCI. Eur J Clin Invest 2022; 52:e13826. [PMID: 35723949 PMCID: PMC9786902 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Predictors of prognosis in patients with coronary chronic total occlusion (CTO) undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) have remained lacking. Lipidomic profiling enables researchers to associate lipid species with disease progression and may improve the prediction of cardiovascular events. METHODS In the present study, 781 lipids were measured by targeted lipidomic profiling in 350 individuals (50 healthy controls, 50 patients with coronary artery disease and 250 patients with CTO). L1-regularized logistic regression was used to identify lipid species associated with adverse cardiovascular events and create predicting models, which were verified by 10-fold cross-validation (200 repeats). Comparisons were made between a traditional model constructed with clinical characteristics alone and a combined model built with both lipidomic data and traditional factors. RESULTS Twenty-four lipid species were dysregulated exclusively in patients with CTO, most of which belonged to sphingomyelin (SM) and triacylglycerol (TAG). Compared with traditional risk factors, new model combining lipids and traditional factors had significantly improved performance in predicting adverse cardiovascular events in CTO patients after PCI (area under the curve, 0.870 vs. 0.726, p < .05; Akaike information criterion, 129 versus 156; net reclassification improvement, 0.312, p < .001; integrated discrimination improvement, 0.244, p < .001). Nomogram was built based on the incorporated model and proved efficient by Kaplan-Meier method. CONCLUSIONS Lipidomic profiling revealed lipid species which may participate in the formation of CTO and could contribute to the risk stratification in CTO patients undergoing PCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine; Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinxiang Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine; Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Su Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine; Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ao Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine; Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunfeng Dai
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine; Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Muyin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine; Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Danbo Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine; Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhangwei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine; Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangdong Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Clinical Bioinformatics, Fudan University Center of Clinical Bioinformatics; Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Juying Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine; Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine; Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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19
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Zhou F, Li K, Yang K. Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Exosomes and Related microRNAs in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2022; 16:453-462. [PMID: 36223051 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-022-10329-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is the leading cause of death from noncommunicable diseases worldwide. The pathological development of ASCVD begins with atherosclerosis, followed by the narrowing and occlusion of the vascular lumen and, subsequently, ischemic necrosis in coronary arteries. Preventing atherosclerosis development and delaying ischemia progression may be effective ways of pre-diagnosing and treating ASCVD. Studies have demonstrated that exosomes from adipose-derived stem cells play an increasingly important role in basic research on cardiovascular diseases in terms of the impact of macrophage polarization and the endothelial, anti-apoptosis, and angiogenesis effects. The related microRNAs play a significant role in ASCVD. This study was novel in reviewing the role of exosomes from adipose-derived stem cells and related microRNAs in ASCVD. Therapeutic potentials of adipose-derived stem cell exosomes in terms of their impact on macrophage polarization, endothelial effect, anti-apoptosis intervention, and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, China
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Cardiology, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, China
| | - Keping Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, China.
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20
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John RV, Devasiya T, V.R. N, Adigal S, Lukose J, Kartha VB, Chidangil S. Cardiovascular biomarkers in body fluids: progress and prospects in optical sensors. Biophys Rev 2022; 14:1023-1050. [PMID: 35996626 PMCID: PMC9386656 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-022-00990-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the major causative factors for high mortality and morbidity in developing and developed nations. The biomarker detection plays a crucial role in the early diagnosis of several non-infectious and life-threatening diseases like CVD and many cancers, which in turn will help in more successful therapy, reducing the mortality rate. Biomarkers have diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic significances. The search for novel biomarkers using proteomics, bio-sensing, micro-fluidics, and spectroscopic techniques with good sensitivity and specificity for CVD is progressing rapidly at present, in addition to the use of gold standard biomarkers like troponin. This review is dealing with the current progress and prospects in biomarker research for the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. Expert opinion. Fast diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) can help to provide rapid medical intervention, which can affect the patient’s short and long-term health. Identification and detection of proper biomarkers for early diagnosis are crucial for successful therapy and prognosis of CVDs. The present review discusses the analysis of clinical samples such as whole blood, blood serum, and other body fluids using techniques like high-performance liquid chromatography-LASER/LED-induced fluorescence, Raman spectroscopy, mainly, optical methods, combined with nanotechnology and micro-fluidic technologies, to probe patterns of multiple markers (marker signatures) as compared to conventional techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reena V. John
- Centre of Excellence for Biophotonics, Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka India 576104
| | - Tom Devasiya
- Department of Cardiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka India 576104
| | - Nidheesh V.R.
- Centre of Excellence for Biophotonics, Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka India 576104
| | - Sphurti Adigal
- Centre of Excellence for Biophotonics, Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka India 576104
| | - Jijo Lukose
- Centre of Excellence for Biophotonics, Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka India 576104
| | - V. B. Kartha
- Centre of Excellence for Biophotonics, Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka India 576104
| | - Santhosh Chidangil
- Centre of Excellence for Biophotonics, Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka India 576104
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21
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Adam CA, Șalaru DL, Prisacariu C, Marcu DTM, Sascău RA, Stătescu C. Novel Biomarkers of Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease-Latest Insights in the Research Field. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094998. [PMID: 35563387 PMCID: PMC9103799 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The atherosclerotic vascular disease is a cardiovascular continuum in which the main role is attributed to atherosclerosis, from its appearance to its associated complications. The increasing prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, population ageing, and burden on both the economy and the healthcare system have led to the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in the field. The better understanding or discovery of new pathophysiological mechanisms and molecules modulating various signaling pathways involved in atherosclerosis have led to the development of potential new biomarkers, with key role in early, subclinical diagnosis. The evolution of technological processes in medicine has shifted the attention of researchers from the profiling of classical risk factors to the identification of new biomarkers such as midregional pro-adrenomedullin, midkine, stromelysin-2, pentraxin 3, inflammasomes, or endothelial cell-derived extracellular vesicles. These molecules are seen as future therapeutic targets associated with decreased morbidity and mortality through early diagnosis of atherosclerotic lesions and future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Andreea Adam
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases “Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu”, 700503 Iași, Romania; (C.A.A.); (C.P.); (R.A.S.); (C.S.)
| | - Delia Lidia Șalaru
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases “Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu”, 700503 Iași, Romania; (C.A.A.); (C.P.); (R.A.S.); (C.S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iași, Romania;
- Correspondence:
| | - Cristina Prisacariu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases “Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu”, 700503 Iași, Romania; (C.A.A.); (C.P.); (R.A.S.); (C.S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iași, Romania;
| | - Dragoș Traian Marius Marcu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iași, Romania;
| | - Radu Andy Sascău
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases “Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu”, 700503 Iași, Romania; (C.A.A.); (C.P.); (R.A.S.); (C.S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iași, Romania;
| | - Cristian Stătescu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases “Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu”, 700503 Iași, Romania; (C.A.A.); (C.P.); (R.A.S.); (C.S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iași, Romania;
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22
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Wen C, Li B, Nie L, Mao L, Xia Y. Emerging Roles of Extracellular Vesicle-Delivered Circular RNAs in Atherosclerosis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:804247. [PMID: 35445015 PMCID: PMC9014218 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.804247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is universally defined as chronic vascular inflammation induced by dyslipidaemia, obesity, hypertension, diabetes and other risk factors. Extracellular vesicles as information transmitters regulate intracellular interactions and their important cargo circular RNAs are involved in the pathological process of AS. In this review, we summarize the current data to elucidate the emerging roles of extracellular vesicle-derived circular RNAs (EV-circRNAs) in AS and the mechanism by which EV-circRNAs affect the development of AS. Additionally, we discuss their vital role in the progression from risk factors to AS and highlight their great potential for use as diagnostic biomarkers of and novel therapeutic strategies for AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Wen
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bowei Li
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Nie
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling Mao
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanpeng Xia
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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23
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Drapkina OM, Kontsevaya AV, Kalinina AM, Avdeev SM, Agaltsov MV, Alexandrova LM, Antsiferova AA, Aronov DM, Akhmedzhanov NM, Balanova YA, Balakhonova TV, Berns SA, Bochkarev MV, Bochkareva EV, Bubnova MV, Budnevsky AV, Gambaryan MG, Gorbunov VM, Gorny BE, Gorshkov AY, Gumanova NG, Dadaeva VA, Drozdova LY, Egorov VA, Eliashevich SO, Ershova AI, Ivanova ES, Imaeva AE, Ipatov PV, Kaprin AD, Karamnova NS, Kobalava ZD, Konradi AO, Kopylova OV, Korostovtseva LS, Kotova MB, Kulikova MS, Lavrenova EA, Lischenko OV, Lopatina MV, Lukina YV, Lukyanov MM, Mayev IV, Mamedov MN, Markelova SV, Martsevich SY, Metelskaya VA, Meshkov AN, Milushkina OY, Mukaneeva DK, Myrzamatova AO, Nebieridze DV, Orlov DO, Poddubskaya EA, Popovich MV, Popovkina OE, Potievskaya VI, Prozorova GG, Rakovskaya YS, Rotar OP, Rybakov IA, Sviryaev YV, Skripnikova IA, Skoblina NA, Smirnova MI, Starinsky VV, Tolpygina SN, Usova EV, Khailova ZV, Shalnova SA, Shepel RN, Shishkova VN, Yavelov IS. 2022 Prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases in Of the Russian Federation. National guidelines. Cardiovasc Ther Prev 2022. [DOI: 10.15829/1728-8800-2022-3235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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24
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Chen X, Luo Q. Potential clinical applications of exosomes in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases: a narrative review. Ann Transl Med 2022; 10:372. [PMID: 35433929 PMCID: PMC9011294 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objective Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have been one of the most common threats to human health in recent decades. At present, despite many diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic methods being applied in the clinic, the prevalence of CVDs continues to rise. Therefore, new discovery is needed and exosomes have received extensive attention. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that enable communication between cells. They are widely distributed in biofluids, suggesting that they may be useful in CVD diagnosis and prognosis. Furthermore, exosomes are ideal drug transporters with relatively high transport efficiency and the capability to target different kinds of tissues. However, the present research concentrates, for the most part, on mechanistic studies with less attention to clinical applications. Methods More than 150 relevant scientific articles from databases like PubMed, Web of Science were screened and analysed for this narrative review. Data of clinical trials are collected from clinicaltrials.gov. Key Content and Findings In this review, we concentrate on different exosomes and CVDs, and we summarize the physiological and pathological roles of CVD-related exosomes. We focused on the role exosomes may have as biomarkers of CVDs, therapeutic opportunities, and possible hurdles to the clinical application of exosomes, aiming to provide a useful reference for its translational use in the CVD field. Conclusions Specific changes in exosome cargos (mainly miRNAs and proteins) are in accordance with the occurrence and development of CVDs including acute myocardial infarction (AMI), arrhythmia, coronary artery disease (CAD), heart failure (HF) and cardiomyopathy, therefore meaningful for diagnosis and prognosis of CVDs. For exosome related therapeutic methods, potential ways consist of direct administration of exosomes, targeting on exosome synthesis, processing and release, and working as adjuvants. All in all, exosomes are expected to serve as meaningful tools in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyang Chen
- Joint Program of Nanchang University and Queen Mary University of London, Queen Mary School, Medical Department, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanchang University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang, China
| | - Qi Luo
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanchang University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang, China
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25
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Wang Z, Wang W, Gong R, Yao H, Fan M, Zeng J, Xu S, Lin R. Eradication of Helicobacter pylori alleviates lipid metabolism deterioration: a large-cohort propensity score-matched analysis. Lipids Health Dis 2022; 21:34. [PMID: 35369887 PMCID: PMC8978376 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-022-01639-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The impact of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication on metabolism of lipid and the potential predictor of such changes remain unclear. Methods This study retrospectively included subjects who underwent at least two 13C urea breath tests between 2015 and 2019 at Wuhan Union Hospital. Based on two H. pylori13C examination results, subjects were divided into propensity score-matched persistently negative (HPN), persistently positive (HPP), and eradication (HPE) groups. The changes in lipid measurements from before to after H. pylori eradication, including high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol, and triglycerides, were compared within and between groups. Forty-two candidate factors were tested for their ability to predict lipid metabolism changes after H. pylori eradication. Results After propensity score matching, 3412 matched cases were analyzed. Within-group comparisons showed significantly decreased HDL (P < 0.001) and increased LDL (P < 0.001) at the second examination in both the HPE and HPP groups. Between-group comparisons showed that the HDL decrease of the HPE group was significantly larger and smaller when compared with the HPN (P = 0.001) and HPP (P = 0.004) group, respectively. Uni- and multivariate analyses showed that low diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (P = 0.002) and high mean platelet volume (MPV) (P = 0.001) before eradication were associated with increased HDL after eradication. Low total protein (TP) (P < 0.001) was associated with decreased LDL after eradication. Conclusions Compared with sustained H. pylori infectious states, H. pylori eradication alleviated the lipid metabolism deterioration but did not restore it to the uninfected level within 1.5 years after eradication. Patients with low DBP, high MPV, and low TP may reap a greater lipid-metabolism benefit from H. pylori eradication.
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26
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Vavassori C, Cipriani E, Colombo GI. Circulating MicroRNAs as Novel Biomarkers in Risk Assessment and Prognosis of Coronary Artery Disease. Eur Cardiol 2022; 17:e06. [PMID: 35321524 PMCID: PMC8924954 DOI: 10.15420/ecr.2021.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease is among the leading causes of death worldwide. Nevertheless, available cardiovascular risk prediction algorithms still miss a significant portion of individuals at-risk. Thus, the search for novel non-invasive biomarkers to refine cardiovascular risk assessment is both an urgent need and an attractive topic, which may lead to a more accurate risk stratification and/or prognostic score definition for coronary artery disease. A new class of such non-invasive biomarkers is represented by extracellular microRNAs (miRNAs) circulating in the blood. MiRNAs are non-coding RNA of 22–25 nucleotides in length that play a significant role in both cardiovascular physiology and pathophysiology. Given their high stability and conservation, resistance to degradative enzymes, and detectability in body fluids, circulating miRNAs are promising emerging biomarkers, and specific expression patterns have already been associated with a wide range of cardiovascular conditions. In this review, an overview of the role of blood miRNAs in risk assessment and prognosis of coronary artery disease is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Vavassori
- Unit of Immunology and Functional Genomics, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Cardiovascular Section, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Eleonora Cipriani
- Unit of Immunology and Functional Genomics, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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Streese L, Demougin P, Iborra P, Kanitz A, Deiseroth A, Kröpfl JM, Schmidt-Trucksäss A, Zavolan M, Hanssen H. Untargeted sequencing of circulating microRNAs in a healthy and diseased older population. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2991. [PMID: 35194110 PMCID: PMC8863825 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06956-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We performed untargeted profiling of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) in a well characterized cohort of older adults to verify associations of health and disease-related biomarkers with systemic miRNA expression. Differential expression analysis revealed 30 miRNAs that significantly differed between healthy active, healthy sedentary and sedentary cardiovascular risk patients. Increased expression of miRNAs miR-193b-5p, miR-122-5p, miR-885-3p, miR-193a-5p, miR-34a-5p, miR-505-3p, miR-194-5p, miR-27b-3p, miR-885-5p, miR-23b-5b, miR-365a-3p, miR-365b-3p, miR-22-5p was associated with a higher metabolic risk profile, unfavourable macro- and microvascular health, lower physical activity (PA) as well as cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) levels. Increased expression of miR-342-3p, miR-1-3p, miR-92b-5p, miR-454-3p, miR-190a-5p and miR-375-3p was associated with a lower metabolic risk profile, favourable macro- and microvascular health as well as higher PA and CRF. Of note, the first two principal components explained as much as 20% and 11% of the data variance. miRNAs and their potential target genes appear to mediate disease- and health-related physiological and pathophysiological adaptations that need to be validated and supported by further downstream analysis in future studies. Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02796976 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02796976).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Streese
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, Medical Faculty, University of Basel, Birsstrasse 320 B, 4052, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Demougin
- Transfaculty Research Platform Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, Life Sciences Training Facility, Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Paula Iborra
- Computational and Systems Biology, Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Kanitz
- Computational and Systems Biology, Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Arne Deiseroth
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, Medical Faculty, University of Basel, Birsstrasse 320 B, 4052, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Julia M Kröpfl
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, Medical Faculty, University of Basel, Birsstrasse 320 B, 4052, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Arno Schmidt-Trucksäss
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, Medical Faculty, University of Basel, Birsstrasse 320 B, 4052, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mihaela Zavolan
- Computational and Systems Biology, Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Henner Hanssen
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, Medical Faculty, University of Basel, Birsstrasse 320 B, 4052, Basel, Switzerland.
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Metelskaya VA, Gavrilova NE, Zhatkina MV, Yarovaya EB, Drapkina OM. A Novel Integrated Biomarker for Evaluation of Risk and Severity of Coronary Atherosclerosis, and Its Validation. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12020206. [PMID: 35207694 PMCID: PMC8877383 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12020206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To assess the feasibility of a combination of biochemical and imaging parameters for estimation of risk and severity of coronary atherosclerosis (CA), and to verify the created integrated biomarker (i-BIO) on independent cohort. Methods: Two cohorts of patients admitted to the hospital for coronary angiography and ultrasound carotid dopplerography were enrolled into the study (n = 205 and n = 216, respectively). The extent of CA was assessed by Gensini Score (GS). Results: According to GS, participants were distributed as follows: atherosclerosis-free (GS = 0), CA of any stage (GS > 0), subclinical CA (GS < 35), severe CA (GS ≥ 35). Based on the analysis of mathematical models, including biochemical and imaging parameters, we selected and combined the most significant variables as i-BIO. The ability of i-BIO to detect the presence and severity of CA was estimated using ROC-analysis with cut-off points determination. Risk of any CA (GS > 0) at i-BIO > 4 was 7.3 times higher than in those with i-BIO ≤ 4; risk of severe CA (GS ≥ 35) at i-BIO ≥ 9 was 3.1 times higher than at i-BIO < 9. Results on the tested cohort confirmed these findings. Conclusions: The i-BIO > 4 detected CA (GS > 0) with sensitivity of 87.9%, i-BIO ≥ 9 excluded patients without severe CA (GS < 35), specificity 79.8%. Validation of i-BIO confirmed the feasibility of i-BIO > 4 to separate patients with any CA with sensitivity 76.2%, and of i-BIO ≥ 9 to exclude atherosclerosis-free subjects with specificity of 84.0%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria A. Metelskaya
- National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, 101990 Moscow, Russia; (E.B.Y.); (O.M.D.)
- Correspondence:
| | | | | | - Elena B. Yarovaya
- National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, 101990 Moscow, Russia; (E.B.Y.); (O.M.D.)
- Department of Probability Theory, Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - Oxana M. Drapkina
- National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, 101990 Moscow, Russia; (E.B.Y.); (O.M.D.)
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Martins AMA, Paiva MUB, Paiva DVN, de Oliveira RM, Machado HL, Alves LJSR, Picossi CRC, Faccio AT, Tavares MFM, Barbas C, Giraldez VZR, Santos RD, Monte GU, Atik FA. Innovative Approaches to Assess Intermediate Cardiovascular Risk Subjects: A Review From Clinical to Metabolomics Strategies. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:788062. [PMID: 35004898 PMCID: PMC8727773 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.788062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Current risk stratification strategies for coronary artery disease (CAD) have low predictive value in asymptomatic subjects classified as intermediate cardiovascular risk. This is relevant because not all coronary events occur in individuals with traditional multiple risk factors. Most importantly, the first manifestation of the disease may be either sudden cardiac death or acute coronary syndrome, after rupture and thrombosis of an unstable non-obstructive atherosclerotic plaque, which was previously silent. The inaccurate stratification using the current models may ultimately subject the individual to excessive or insufficient preventive therapies. A breakthrough in the comprehension of the molecular mechanisms governing the atherosclerosis pathology has driven many researches toward the necessity for a better risk stratification. In this Review, we discuss how metabolomics screening integrated with traditional risk assessments becomes a powerful approach to improve non-invasive CAD subclinical diagnostics. In addition, this Review highlights the findings of metabolomics studies performed by two relevant analytical platforms in current use-mass spectrometry (MS) hyphenated to separation techniques and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) -and evaluates critically the challenges for further clinical implementation of metabolomics data. We also discuss the modern understanding of the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and the limitations of traditional analytical methods. Our aim is to show how discriminant metabolites originated from metabolomics approaches may become promising candidate molecules to aid intermediate risk patient stratification for cardiovascular events and how these tools could successfully meet the demands to translate cardiovascular metabolic biomarkers into clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline M. A. Martins
- Centre of Metabolomics and Bioanalysis (CEMBIO), San Pablo CEU University, Madrid, Spain
- School of Medicine, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
- School of Medicine, University Center of Brasilia (UniCeub), Brasilia, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Henrique L. Machado
- School of Medicine, University Center of Brasilia (UniCeub), Brasilia, Brazil
| | | | - Carolina R. C. Picossi
- Centre of Metabolomics and Bioanalysis (CEMBIO), San Pablo CEU University, Madrid, Spain
- Center for Multiplatform Metabolomics Studies (CEMM), University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andréa T. Faccio
- Center for Multiplatform Metabolomics Studies (CEMM), University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marina F. M. Tavares
- Center for Multiplatform Metabolomics Studies (CEMM), University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Coral Barbas
- Centre of Metabolomics and Bioanalysis (CEMBIO), San Pablo CEU University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Viviane Z. R. Giraldez
- Lipid Clinic, Heart Institute (InCor), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raul D. Santos
- Lipid Clinic, Heart Institute (InCor), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Guilherme U. Monte
- Department of Heart Transplant, Federal District Institute of Cardiology (ICDF), Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Fernando A. Atik
- School of Medicine, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
- Department of Heart Transplant, Federal District Institute of Cardiology (ICDF), Brasilia, Brazil
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30
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Gopcevic KR, Gkaliagkousi E, Nemcsik J, Acet Ö, Bernal-Lopez MR, Bruno RM, Climie RE, Fountoulakis N, Fraenkel E, Lazaridis A, Navickas P, Rochfort KD, Šatrauskienė A, Zupkauskienė J, Terentes-Printzios D. Pathophysiology of Circulating Biomarkers and Relationship With Vascular Aging: A Review of the Literature From VascAgeNet Group on Circulating Biomarkers, European Cooperation in Science and Technology Action 18216. Front Physiol 2021; 12:789690. [PMID: 34970157 PMCID: PMC8712891 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.789690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Impairment of the arteries is a product of sustained exposure to various deleterious factors and progresses with time; a phenomenon inherent to vascular aging. Oxidative stress, inflammation, the accumulation of harmful agents in high cardiovascular risk conditions, changes to the extracellular matrix, and/or alterations of the epigenetic modification of molecules, are all vital pathophysiological processes proven to contribute to vascular aging, and also lead to changes in levels of associated circulating molecules. Many of these molecules are consequently recognized as markers of vascular impairment and accelerated vascular aging in clinical and research settings, however, for these molecules to be classified as biomarkers of vascular aging, further criteria must be met. In this paper, we conducted a scoping literature review identifying thirty of the most important, and eight less important, biomarkers of vascular aging. Herein, we overview a selection of the most important molecules connected with the above-mentioned pathological conditions and study their usefulness as circulating biomarkers of vascular aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina R. Gopcevic
- Laboratory for Analytics of Biomolecules, Department of Chemistry in Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Eugenia Gkaliagkousi
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Papageorgiou Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - János Nemcsik
- Department of Family Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Health Service of ZUGLO, Department of Family Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ömür Acet
- Vocational School of Health Science, Pharmacy Services Program, Tarsus University, Tarsus, Turkey
| | - M. Rosa Bernal-Lopez
- Internal Medicine Department, Regional University Hospital of Malaga, Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Malaga, University of Malaga, CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Málaga, Spain
| | - Rosa M. Bruno
- Unversite de Paris, INSERM, U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Paris, France
| | - Rachel E. Climie
- Unversite de Paris, INSERM, U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Paris, France
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
- Sports Cardiology Lab, Clinical Research Domain, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Nikolaos Fountoulakis
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London - Waterloo Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Emil Fraenkel
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital and Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Antonios Lazaridis
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Papageorgiou Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Petras Navickas
- Clinic of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Keith D. Rochfort
- School of Nursing, Psychotherapy and Community Health, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Agnė Šatrauskienė
- Clinic of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Centre of Cardiology and Angiology, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Jūratė Zupkauskienė
- Clinic of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Dimitrios Terentes-Printzios
- First Department of Cardiology, Hippokration Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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31
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Rodríguez-Morató J, Boronat A, Serreli G, Enríquez L, Gomez-Gomez A, Pozo OJ, Fitó M, de la Torre R. Effects of Wine and Tyrosol on the Lipid Metabolic Profile of Subjects at Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: Potential Cardioprotective Role of Ceramides. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1679. [PMID: 34829550 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ceramides are a class of sphingolipids which have recently been shown to be better cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk predictors than traditional CVD risk biomarkers. Tyrosol (TYR) is a dietary phenolic compound known to possess cardioprotective effects per se or through its in vivo active metabolite hydroxytyrosol. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of the co-administration of white wine (WW) and TYR on circulating levels of ceramides and other lipids in humans at high CVD risk. Volunteers underwent a randomized controlled crossover clinical trial (4-week duration per intervention) with three different interventions: control, WW, and WW enriched with a capsule of TYR (WW + TYR). Endothelial function cardiovascular biomarkers and plasma lipidomic profile were assessed before and after each intervention. It was found that the WW + TYR intervention resulted in lower levels of three ceramide ratios, associated with an improvement of endothelial function (Cer C16:0/Cer C24:0, Cer C18:0/Cer C24:0, and Cer C24:1/Cer C24:0), when compared to the control intervention. Moreover, WW + TYR was able to minimize the alterations in plasma diacylglycerols concentrations observed following WW. Overall, the results obtained show that the antioxidant TYR administered with WW exerts beneficial effects at the cardiovascular level, in part by modulating blood lipid profile.
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32
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Ma J, Chen L, Zhu X, Li Q, Hu L, Li H. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomal miR-21a-5p promotes M2 macrophage polarization and reduces macrophage infiltration to attenuate atherosclerosis. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2021; 53:1227-1236. [PMID: 34350954 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmab102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is the main pathological basis for ischemic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes have the potential to alleviate AS, while the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we aimed to investigate the mechanism of MSC-derived exosomes in AS. The AS mouse model was prepared by feeding ApoE-/- mice with high-fat diet. AS mice were administered with MSC-derived exosomes, and the atherosclerotic plaque area was analyzed by Oil Red O staining. Mouse RAW264.7 macrophages were incubated with MSC-derived exosomes. The macrophage infiltration, macrophage proportion, and cell migration were estimated by immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, or Transwell assay. The relationship between miR-21a-5p and kruppel-like factor 6 (KLF6) or extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 2 (ERK2) was verified by luciferase reporter assay. We found that MSC-derived exosomes promoted M2 polarization of macrophages and reduced plaque area and macrophage infiltration in AS mice. miR-21a-5p overexpression caused an increase of M2 macrophages in RAW264.7 cells and led to a decrease in migration of RAW264.7 cells. Moreover, both KLF6 and ERK2 are the targets of miR-21a-5p. MSC-derived exosomes containing miR-21a-5p promoted M2 polarization of RAW264.7 cells by suppressing KLF6 expression. MSC-derived exosomes containing miR-21a-5p inhibited migration of RAW264.7 cells through inhibiting the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. In conclusion, MSC-derived exosomes containing miR-21a-5p promote macrophage polarization and reduce macrophage infiltration by targeting KLF6 and ERK1/2 signaling pathways, thereby attenuating the development of AS. Thus, MSC-derived exosomes may be a promising treatment for AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Xiang Zhu
- Department of Gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Qing Li
- The Central Laboratory of Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Liqun Hu
- Department of Gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Hongqi Li
- Department of Gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China
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33
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Lee CK, Wu C, Lin CY, Huang PC, Sung FC, Su TC. Positive Association between Endothelium-Platelet Microparticles and Urinary Concentration of Lead and Cadmium in Adolescents and Young Adults. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13092913. [PMID: 34578790 PMCID: PMC8468016 DOI: 10.3390/nu13092913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: In previous research, higher levels of urine heavy metals, especially lead and cadmium, have been associated with increased cardiovascular risk. However, there is no information linking exposure to heavy metal to endothelial and platelet microparticles (EMPs and PMPs), particularly in the younger population, which are novel biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction. (2) Methods: From a nationwide database, which was incepted in 1992–2000, screening for renal health among Taiwanese school children, a total of 789 subjects were recruited. Cross-sectional analysis was performed to evaluate the association between serum EMPs/PMPs and urine iron, nickel, copper, cadmium, lead, chromium, manganese, and zinc levels in the adolescent and young adult population. (3) Results: After we adjusted the conventional cardiovascular risk factors, CD31+/CD42a− and CD31+/CD42a+ counts, in subjects’ serum, respective markers of EMP and PMP displayed a significant positive dose-response relationship with urinary lead and cadmium levels. Higher quartiles of urine lead and cadmium levels were associated with an increased risk of higher EMPs/PMPs (≥75th percentile) in a multivariate logistic regression model. (4) Conclusion: Higher urinary lead and cadmium concentrations are strongly associated with endothelium–platelet microparticles in this adolescent and young adult population, which could help explain, in part, the mechanism through which heavy metal exposure results in cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Kuo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan;
- College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Charlene Wu
- Global Health Program, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan;
| | - Chien-Yu Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City 237, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Health, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chin Huang
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Fung-Chang Sung
- Institute of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
| | - Ta-Chen Su
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-23123456 (ext. 66719 or 67183)
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Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been recognized as an evolving biomarker within the liquid biopsy family. While carrying both host cell proteins and different types of RNAs, EVs are also present in sufficient quantities in biological samples to be tested using many molecular analysis platforms to interrogate their content. However, because EVs in biological samples are comprised of both disease and non-disease related EVs, enrichment is often required to remove potential interferences from the downstream molecular assay. Most benchtop isolation/enrichment methods require > milliliter levels of sample and can cause varying degrees of damage to the EVs. In addition, some of the common EV benchtop isolation methods do not sort the diseased from the non-diseased related EVs. Simultaneously, the detection of the overall concentration and size distribution of the EVs is highly dependent on techniques such as electron microscopy and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis, which can include unexpected variations and biases as well as complexity in the analysis. This review discusses the importance of EVs as a biomarker secured from a liquid biopsy and covers some of the traditional and non-traditional, including microfluidics and resistive pulse sensing, technologies for EV isolation and detection, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhao
- Bioengineering Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA.,Center of BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Harshani Wijerathne
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Andrew K Godwin
- KU Cancer Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Steven A Soper
- Bioengineering Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA.,Center of BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA.,KU Cancer Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.,Ulsan National Institute of Science & Technology, Ulju-gun, Ulsan, 44919, South Korea
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35
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Sanches PHG, Silva AAR, Porcari AM. Plasma lipid profiles differ among chronic inflammatory diseases. EBioMedicine 2021; 70:103526. [PMID: 34391095 PMCID: PMC8365349 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro H G Sanches
- MS4Life Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alex A R Silva
- MS4Life Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andreia M Porcari
- MS4Life Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil.
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36
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Shi Z, Zheng Z, Lin X, Ma H. Long Noncoding RNA MALAT1 Regulates the Progression of Atherosclerosis by miR-330-5p/NF-κB Signal Pathway. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2021; 78:235-246. [PMID: 34554676 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Long non-coding RNA metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) was reported to be related to atherosclerosis (AS) progression. However, the underlying mechanism of MALAT1 in AS remains unknown. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to detect the expression of MALAT1 and miR-330-5p. Western blot was applied to assess the protein levels of cluster of differentiation 36, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α, phosphorylation of nuclear factor kappa-B inhibitor alpha and phosphorylation of p65. Flow cytometry assay, cell counting kit 8 assay, triglyceride, and total cholesterol detection assays were used to detect the apoptosis, viability, and lipid indexes of THP-1 macrophages-derived foam cells. Online database starbasev2.0 was used to predict the binding sequences between MALAT1 and miR-330-5p and it was verified by dual-luciferase reporter system and RNA immunoprecipitation assay. Besides, an AS mice model was used to evaluate the effect of MALAT1 in vivo. As a result, MALAT1 was overexpressed, whereas miR-330-5p was downregulated in THP-1 macrophages-derived foam cells. MiR-330-5p was a target of MALAT1. MALAT1 depletion inhibited cell formation, apoptosis, and inflammation in THP-1 macrophages-derived foam cells. Besides, MALAT1 overexpression promoted the inflammation in AS mice model, which promoted the pathogenesis of AS. Furthermore, miR-330-5p regulated the nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) pathway in THP-1 macrophages-derived foam cells. Moreover, MALAT1 regulated NF-κB signal pathway to mediate the pathogenesis of AS by sponging miR-330-5p. MALAT1 sponges miR-330-5p to activate NF-κB signal pathway in THP-1 macrophages-derived foam cells. This finding may provide a novel biomarker for AS diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Shi
- Department of Neurology, MinDong Hospital of Ningde City, Fuan City, Fujian Province, China
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37
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Ma S, Xia M, Gao X. Biomarker Discovery in Atherosclerotic Diseases Using Quantitative Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Metabolomics. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:681444. [PMID: 34395555 PMCID: PMC8356911 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.681444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite great progress in the management of atherosclerosis (AS), its subsequent cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. This is probably due to insufficient risk detection using routine lipid testing; thus, there is a need for more effective approaches relying on new biomarkers. Quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (qNMR) metabolomics is able to phenotype holistic metabolic changes, with a unique advantage in regard to quantifying lipid-protein complexes. The rapidly increasing literature has indicated that qNMR-based lipoprotein particle number, particle size, lipid components, and some molecular metabolites can provide deeper insight into atherogenic diseases and could serve as novel promising determinants. Therefore, this article aims to offer an updated review of the qNMR biomarkers of AS and CVD found in epidemiological studies, with a special emphasis on lipoprotein-related parameters. As more researches are performed, we can envision more qNMR metabolite biomarkers being successfully translated into daily clinical practice to enhance the prevention, detection and intervention of atherosclerotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Ma
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Fudan Institute for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingfeng Xia
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Fudan Institute for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Gao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Fudan Institute for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai, China
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38
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Campos CDM, Childers K, Gamage SST, Wijerathne H, Zhao Z, Soper SA. Analytical Technologies for Liquid Biopsy of Subcellular Materials. Annu Rev Anal Chem (Palo Alto Calif) 2021; 14:207-229. [PMID: 33974805 PMCID: PMC8601690 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-091520-093931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Liquid biopsy markers, which can be secured from a simple blood draw or other biological samples, are used to manage a variety of diseases and even monitor for bacterial or viral infections. Although there are several different types of liquid biopsy markers, the subcellular ones, including cell-free DNA, microRNA, extracellular vesicles, and viral particles, are evolving in terms of their utility. A challenge with liquid biopsy markers is that they must be enriched from the biological sample prior to analysis because they are a vast minority in a mixed population, and potential interferences may be present in the sample matrix that can inhibit profiling the molecular cargo from the subcellular marker. In this article, we discuss existing and developing analytical enrichment platforms used to isolate subcellular liquid biopsy markers, and discuss their figures of merit such as recovery, throughput, and purity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila D M Campos
- Life Science Department, Imec, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Electrical Engineering, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katie Childers
- Bioengineering Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA;
- Center of BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
| | - Sachindra S T Gamage
- Center of BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
| | - Harshani Wijerathne
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Zheng Zhao
- Bioengineering Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA;
- Center of BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
| | - Steven A Soper
- Bioengineering Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA;
- Center of BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
- KU Cancer Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USA
- Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, South Korea
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Takahashi L, Ishigami T, Tomiyama H, Kato Y, Kikuchi H, Tasaki K, Yamashita J, Inoue S, Taguri M, Nagao T, Chikamori T, Ishikawa Y, Yokoyama U. Increased Plasma Levels of Myosin Heavy Chain 11 Is Associated with Atherosclerosis. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10143155. [PMID: 34300321 PMCID: PMC8304775 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10143155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies have revealed numerous potential biomarkers for atherosclerosis, but tissue-specific biomarkers are still needed. Recent lineage-tracing studies revealed that smooth muscle cells (SMCs) contribute substantially to plaque formation, and the loss of SMCs causes plaque vulnerability. We investigated the association of SMC-specific myosin heavy chain 11 (myosin-11) with atherosclerosis. Forty-five patients with atherosclerosis and 34 control subjects were recruited into our study. In the atherosclerosis patients, 35 patients had either coronary artery disease (CAD) or peripheral artery disease (PAD), and 10 had both CAD and PAD. Coronary arteries isolated from five patients were subjected to histological study. Circulating myosin-11 levels were higher in the CAD or PAD group than in controls. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of myosin-11 was 0.954. Circulating myosin-11 levels in the CAD and PAD group were higher than in the CAD or PAD group, while high-sensitivity C-reactive protein concentrations did not differ between these groups. Multinomial logistic regression analyses showed a significant association of myosin-11 levels with the presence of multiple atherosclerotic regions. Myosin-11 was expressed in the medial layer of human atherosclerotic lesions where apoptosis elevated. Circulating myosin-11 levels may be useful for detecting spatial expansion of atherosclerotic regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Takahashi
- Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishi-shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan; (L.T.); (H.T.); (J.Y.); (T.C.)
- Department of Physiology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-6-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan;
| | - Tomoaki Ishigami
- Department of Cardio-Renal Medicine and Medical Science, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan;
| | - Hirofumi Tomiyama
- Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishi-shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan; (L.T.); (H.T.); (J.Y.); (T.C.)
| | - Yuko Kato
- Department of Physiology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-6-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan;
| | - Hiroyuki Kikuchi
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, 6-6-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan; (H.K.); (S.I.)
| | - Koichiro Tasaki
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishi-shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan; (K.T.); (T.N.)
| | - Jun Yamashita
- Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishi-shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan; (L.T.); (H.T.); (J.Y.); (T.C.)
| | - Shigeru Inoue
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, 6-6-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan; (H.K.); (S.I.)
| | - Masataka Taguri
- Department of Data Science, Yokohama City University, 22-2 Seto, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0027, Japan;
| | - Toshitaka Nagao
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishi-shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan; (K.T.); (T.N.)
| | - Taishiro Chikamori
- Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishi-shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan; (L.T.); (H.T.); (J.Y.); (T.C.)
| | - Yoshihiro Ishikawa
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan;
| | - Utako Yokoyama
- Department of Physiology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-6-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan;
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-03-351-6141
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McGurk KA, Keavney BD, Nicolaou A. Circulating ceramides as biomarkers of cardiovascular disease: Evidence from phenotypic and genomic studies. Atherosclerosis 2021; 327:18-30. [PMID: 34004484 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2021.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
There is a need for new biomarkers of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ACVD), the main cause of death globally. Ceramides, a class of potent bioactive lipid mediators, have signalling roles in apoptosis, cellular stress and inflammation. Recent studies have highlighted circulating ceramides as novel biomarkers of coronary artery disease, type-2 diabetes and insulin resistance. Ceramides are highly regulated by enzymatic reactions throughout the body in terms of their activity and metabolism, including production, degradation and transport. The genetic studies that have been completed to date on the main ceramide species found in circulation are described, highlighting the importance of DNA variants in genes involved in ceramide biosynthesis as key influencers of heritable, circulating ceramide levels. We also review studies of disease associations with ceramides and discuss mechanistic insights deriving from recent genomic studies. The signalling activities of ceramides in vascular inflammation and apoptosis, associations between circulating ceramides and coronary artery disease risk, type-2 diabetes and insulin resistance, and the potential importance of ceramides with regard to ACVD risk factors, such as blood pressure, lipoproteins and lifestyle factors, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn A McGurk
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, UK; Laboratory for Lipidomics and Lipid Research, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, UK
| | - Bernard D Keavney
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, UK; Manchester Heart Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Anna Nicolaou
- Laboratory for Lipidomics and Lipid Research, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, UK; Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.
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Zhong W, Deng Q, Deng X, Zhong Z, Hou J. Plasma Metabolomics of Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients Based on Untargeted Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:616081. [PMID: 34095243 PMCID: PMC8172787 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.616081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is the main cause of death and morbidity worldwide. The present study aims to investigate the altered metabolites in plasma from patients with ACS and sought to identify metabolic biomarkers for ACS. Methods: The plasma metabolomics profiles of 284 ACS patients and 130 controls were carried out based on an untargeted liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS) approach. Multivariate statistical methods, pathway enrichment analysis, and univariate receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were performed. Results: A total of 328 and 194 features were determined in positive and negative electrospray ionization mode in the LC-MS analysis, respectively. Twenty-eight metabolites were found to be differentially expressed, in ACS patients relative to controls (p < 0.05). Pathway analysis revealed that these metabolites are mainly involved in synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies, phenylalanine metabolism, and arginine and proline metabolism. Furthermore, a diagnostic model was constructed based on the metabolites identified and the areas under the curve (AUC) for 5-oxo-D-proline, creatinine, phosphatidylethanolamine lyso 16:0, and LPC (20:4) range from 0.764 to 0.844. The higher AUC value of 0.905 was obtained for the combined detection of phosphatidylethanolamine lyso 16:0 and LPC (20:4). Conclusions: Differential metabolic profiles may be useful for the effective diagnosis of ACS and may provide additional insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying ACS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhong
- Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Meizhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou, China
| | - Qiaoting Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou, China.,Research Experimental Center, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Meizhou, China
| | - Xunwei Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou, China.,Research Experimental Center, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Meizhou, China
| | - Zhixiong Zhong
- Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Meizhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou, China
| | - Jingyuan Hou
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou, China.,Research Experimental Center, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Meizhou, China
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42
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Zhao X, Chen X, Wu X, Zhu L, Long J, Su L, Gu L. Machine Learning Analysis of MicroRNA Expression Data Reveals Novel Diagnostic Biomarker for Ischemic Stroke. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2021; 30:105825. [PMID: 34022583 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.105825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Ischemic stroke (IS) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Circulating microRNAs have a potential as minimally invasive biomarkers for disease prediction, diagnosis, and prognosis. In this study, we sought to use different machine learning algorithms to identify an optimal model of microRNA by integrating the expression data of pre-selected microRNAs for discriminating patients with IS from controls. METHODS The expression level of microRNAs in the peripheral blood of 50 patients with IS and 50 matched controls were assessed through real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Machine learning algorithms, including artificial neural network, random forest, extreme gradient boosting, and support vector machine (SVM) were employed via R 3.6.3 software to establish diagnostic models for IS. RESULTS The IS group had significantly increased expression levels of miR-19a (P < 0.001), miR-148a (P < 0.001), miR-320d (P = 0.003), and miR-342-3p (P < 0.001) compared with the control group. MiR-148a, miR-342-3p, miR-19a, and miR-320d yielded areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.872, 0.844, 0.721, and 0.673, respectively, with 0.740, 0.940, 0.740, and 0.840 sensitivity and 0.920, 0.640, 0.600, and 0.440 specificity, respectively. Model miR-148a + miR-342-3p + miR-19a had the best predictive value when analyzed via SVM algorithm with AUC, sensitivity, and specificity values of 0.958, 0.937, and 0.889, respectively. CONCLUSION The diagnostic value of the combination of miR-148a, miR-342-3p, and miR-19a through SVM algorithm has the potential to serve as a feasible approach to promote the diagnosis of IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Zhao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine.
| | - Xingmei Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine.
| | - Xulong Wu
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University.
| | - Lulu Zhu
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University.
| | - Jianxiong Long
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases.
| | - Li Su
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases.
| | - Lian Gu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine.
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Abstract
Omics techniques generate large, multidimensional data that are amenable to analysis by new informatics approaches alongside conventional statistical methods. Systems theories, including network analysis and machine learning, are well placed for analysing these data but must be applied with an understanding of the relevant biological and computational theories. Through applying these techniques to omics data, systems biology addresses the problems posed by the complex organization of biological processes. In this Review, we describe the techniques and sources of omics data, outline network theory, and highlight exemplars of novel approaches that combine gene regulatory and co-expression networks, proteomics, metabolomics, lipidomics and phenomics with informatics techniques to provide new insights into cardiovascular disease. The use of systems approaches will become necessary to integrate data from more than one omic technique. Although understanding the interactions between different omics data requires increasingly complex concepts and methods, we argue that hypothesis-driven investigations and independent validation must still accompany these novel systems biology approaches to realize their full potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Joshi
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre, King's College London, London, UK
- Bart's Heart Centre, St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Marieke Rienks
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Manuel Mayr
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre, King's College London, London, UK.
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Fernández-Castillejo S, Pedret A, Catalán Ú, Valls RM, Farràs M, Rubió L, Castañer O, Macià A, Fitó M, Motilva MJ, Covas MI, Giera M, Remaley AT, Solà R. Virgin Olive Oil Phenolic Compounds Modulate the HDL Lipidome in Hypercholesterolaemic Subjects: A Lipidomic Analysis of the VOHF Study. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e2001192. [PMID: 33561904 PMCID: PMC9286430 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202001192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Scope The lipidomic analysis of high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) could be useful to identify new biomarkers of HDL function. Methods and results A randomized, controlled, double‐blind, crossover trial (33 hypercholesterolaemic subjects) is performed with a control virgin olive oil (VOO), VOO enriched with its own phenolic compounds (FVOO), or VOO enriched with additional phenolic compounds from thyme (FVOOT) for 3 weeks. HDL lipidomic analyses are performed using the Lipidyzer platform. VOO and FVOO intake increase monounsaturated‐fatty acids (FAs) and decrease saturated and polyunsaturated FAs in triacylglyceride (TAG) species, among others species. In contrast, FVOOT intake does not induce these FAs changes. The decrease in TAG52:3(FA16:0) after VOO intake and the decrease in TAG52:5(FA18:2) after FVOO intake are inversely associated with changes in HDL resistance to oxidation. After FVOO intake, the decrease in TAG54:6(FA18:2) in HDL is inversely associated with changes in HDL cholesterol efflux capacity. Conclusion VOO and FVOO consumption has an impact on the HDL lipidome, in particular TAG species. Although TAGs are minor components of HDL mass, the observed changes in TAG modulated HDL functionality towards a cardioprotective mode. The assessment of the HDL lipidome is a valuable approach to identify and characterize new biomarkers of HDL function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Fernández-Castillejo
- Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Grup Nutrició Funcional, Oxidació i Malalties Cardiovasculars (NFOC-Salut), Reus, 43201, Spain.,Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Reus, 43204, Spain
| | - Anna Pedret
- Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Grup Nutrició Funcional, Oxidació i Malalties Cardiovasculars (NFOC-Salut), Reus, 43201, Spain.,Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Reus, 43204, Spain
| | - Úrsula Catalán
- Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Grup Nutrició Funcional, Oxidació i Malalties Cardiovasculars (NFOC-Salut), Reus, 43201, Spain.,Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Reus, 43204, Spain
| | - Rosa-Maria Valls
- Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Grup Nutrició Funcional, Oxidació i Malalties Cardiovasculars (NFOC-Salut), Reus, 43201, Spain
| | - Marta Farràs
- Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, Barcelona, 08041, Spain.,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Laura Rubió
- Food Technology Department, XaRTA-TPV, Agrotecnio Center, Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyeria Agrària, University of Lleida. Avda/ Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, Catalonia, Lleida, 25198, Spain
| | - Olga Castañer
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, 08003, Spain.,PhD Program in Biomedicine, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, 08005, Spain.,Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Alba Macià
- Food Technology Department, XaRTA-TPV, Agrotecnio Center, Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyeria Agrària, University of Lleida. Avda/ Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, Catalonia, Lleida, 25198, Spain
| | - Montse Fitó
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, 08003, Spain.,PhD Program in Biomedicine, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, 08005, Spain.,Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Maria José Motilva
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino-ICVV (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-CSIC, Universidad de La Rioja, Gobierno de La Rioja), Finca La Grajera, Ctra. de Burgos Km. 6 (LO-20 - salida 13), Logroño (La Rioja), 26007, Spain
| | - Maria-Isabel Covas
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, 08003, Spain.,NUPROAS Handelsbolag (NUPROAS HB), Nacka, Sweden
| | - Martin Giera
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden, 2333ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Alan T Remaley
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA.,Lipoprotein Metabolism Section Cardio-Pulmonary Branch National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Rosa Solà
- Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Grup Nutrició Funcional, Oxidació i Malalties Cardiovasculars (NFOC-Salut), Reus, 43201, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Sanitaria Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, 43204, Spain.,Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, 43204, Spain
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Olkowicz M, Czyzynska-Cichon I, Szupryczynska N, Kostogrys RB, Kochan Z, Debski J, Dadlez M, Chlopicki S, Smolenski RT. Multi-omic signatures of atherogenic dyslipidaemia: pre-clinical target identification and validation in humans. J Transl Med 2021; 19:6. [PMID: 33407555 PMCID: PMC7789501 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02663-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dyslipidaemia is a major risk factor for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. The molecular mechanisms that translate dyslipidaemia into atherogenesis and reliable markers of its progression are yet to be fully elucidated. To address this issue, we conducted a comprehensive metabolomic and proteomic analysis in an experimental model of dyslipidaemia and in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). METHODS Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) and immunoassays were used to find out blood alterations at metabolite and protein levels in dyslipidaemic ApoE-/-/LDLR-/- mice and in FH patients to evaluate their human relevance. RESULTS We identified 15 metabolites (inhibitors and substrates of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), low-molecular-weight antioxidants (glutamine, taurine), homocysteine, methionine, 1-methylnicotinamide, alanine and hydroxyproline) and 9 proteins (C-reactive protein, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9, apolipoprotein C-III, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1, angiotensinogen, paraoxonase-1, fetuin-B, vitamin K-dependent protein S and biglycan) that differentiated FH patients from healthy controls. Most of these changes were consistently found in dyslipidaemic mice and were further amplified if mice were fed an atherogenic (Western or low-carbohydrate, high-protein) diet. CONCLUSIONS The alterations highlighted the involvement of an immune-inflammatory response system, oxidative stress, hyper-coagulation and impairment in the vascular function/regenerative capacity in response to dyslipidaemia that may also be directly engaged in development of atherosclerosis. Our study further identified potential biomarkers for an increased risk of atherosclerosis that may aid in clinical diagnosis or in the personalized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariola Olkowicz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 1 Debinki St, 80-211, Gdansk, Poland. .,Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego St., 30-348, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Izabela Czyzynska-Cichon
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego St., 30-348, Krakow, Poland
| | - Natalia Szupryczynska
- Department of Nutritional Biochemistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, 7 Debinki St., 80-211, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Renata B Kostogrys
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 122 Balicka St., 30-149, Krakow, Poland
| | - Zdzislaw Kochan
- Department of Nutritional Biochemistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, 7 Debinki St., 80-211, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Janusz Debski
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5a Pawinskiego St., 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michal Dadlez
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5a Pawinskiego St., 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Stefan Chlopicki
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego St., 30-348, Krakow, Poland.,Chair of Pharmacology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka St., 31-531, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ryszard T Smolenski
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 1 Debinki St, 80-211, Gdansk, Poland.
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Camera M, Brambilla M, Canzano P, Cavallotti L, Parolari A, Tedesco CC, Zara C, Rossetti L, Tremoli E. Association of Microvesicles With Graft Patency in Patients Undergoing CABG Surgery. J Am Coll Cardiol 2021; 75:2819-2832. [PMID: 32498810 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.03.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Graft patency is one of the major determinants of long-term outcome following coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). Biomarkers, if indicative of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, would suggest strategies to limit graft failure. The prognostic value of microvesicles (MVs) for midterm graft patency has never been tested. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate whether MV pre-operative signature (number, cellular origin, procoagulant phenotype) could predict midterm graft failure and to investigate potential functional role of MVs in graft occlusion. METHODS This was a nested case-control substudy of the CAGE (CoronAry bypass grafting: factors related to late events and Graft patency) study that enrolled 330 patients undergoing elective CABG. Of these, 179 underwent coronary computed tomography angiography 18 months post-surgery showing 24% graft occlusion. Flow cytometry MV analysis was performed in 60 patients (30 per group with occluded [cases] and patent [control subjects] grafts) on plasma samples collected the day before surgery and at follow-up. RESULTS Before surgery, cases had 2- and 4-fold more activated platelet-derived and tissue-factor positive MVs respectively than control subjects. The MV procoagulant capacity was also significantly greater. Altogether this MV signature properly classified graft occlusion (area under the curve 0.897 [95% confidence interval: 0.81 to 0.98]; p < 0.0001). By using an MV score (0 to 6), the odds ratio for occlusion for a score above 3 was 16.3 (95% confidence interval: 4.1 to 65.3; p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS The pre-operative signature of MVs is independently associated with midterm graft occlusion in CABG patients and a cumulative MV score stratifies patients' risk. Because the MV signature mirrors platelet activation, patients with a high MV score could benefit from a personalized antiplatelet therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Camera
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
| | | | | | | | - Alessandro Parolari
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Zara
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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47
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Olkowicz M, Tomczyk M, Debski J, Tyrankiewicz U, Przyborowski K, Borkowski T, Zabielska-Kaczorowska M, Szupryczynska N, Kochan Z, Smeda M, Dadlez M, Chlopicki S, Smolenski RT. Enhanced cardiac hypoxic injury in atherogenic dyslipidaemia results from alterations in the energy metabolism pattern. Metabolism 2021; 114:154400. [PMID: 33058853 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dyslipidaemia is a major risk factor for myocardial infarction that is known to correlate with atherosclerosis in the coronary arteries. We sought to clarify whether metabolic alterations induced by dyslipidaemia in cardiomyocytes collectively constitute an alternative pathway that escalates myocardial injury. METHODS Dyslipidaemic apolipoprotein E and low-density lipoprotein receptor (ApoE/LDLR) double knockout (ApoE-/-/LDLR-/-) and wild-type C57BL/6 (WT) mice aged six months old were studied. Cardiac injury under reduced oxygen supply was evaluated by 5 min exposure to 5% oxygen in the breathing air under electrocardiogram (ECG) recording and with the assessment of troponin I release. To address the mechanisms LC/MS was used to analyse the cardiac proteome pattern or in vivo metabolism of stable isotope-labelled substrates and HPLC was applied to measure concentrations of cardiac high-energy phosphates. Furthermore, the effect of blocking fatty acid use with ranolazine on the substrate preference and cardiac hypoxic damage was studied in ApoE-/-/LDLR-/- mice. RESULTS Hypoxia induced profound changes in ECG ST-segment and troponin I leakage in ApoE-/-/LDLR-/- mice but not in WT mice. The evaluation of the cardiac proteomic pattern revealed that ApoE-/-/LDLR-/- as compared with WT mice were characterised by coordinated increased expression of mitochondrial proteins, including enzymes of fatty acids' and branched-chain amino acids' oxidation, accompanied by decreased expression levels of glycolytic enzymes. These findings correlated with in vivo analysis, revealing a reduction in the entry of glucose and enhanced entry of leucine into the cardiac Krebs cycle, with the cardiac high-energy phosphates pool maintained. These changes were accompanied by the activation of molecular targets controlling mitochondrial metabolism. Ranolazine reversed the oxidative metabolic shift in ApoE-/-/LDLR-/- mice and reduced cardiac damage induced by hypoxia. CONCLUSIONS We suggest a novel mechanism for myocardial injury in dyslipidaemia that is consequent to an increased reliance on oxidative metabolism in the heart. The alterations in the metabolic pattern that we identified constitute an adaptive mechanism that facilitates maintenance of metabolic equilibrium and cardiac function under normoxia. However, this adaptation could account for myocardial injury even in a mild reduction of oxygen supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariola Olkowicz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 1 Debinki St., 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego St., 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Marta Tomczyk
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 1 Debinki St., 80-211 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Janusz Debski
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5a Pawinskiego St., 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Urszula Tyrankiewicz
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego St., 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Kamil Przyborowski
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego St., 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Tomasz Borkowski
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 1 Debinki St., 80-211 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Magdalena Zabielska-Kaczorowska
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 1 Debinki St., 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 1 Debinki St., 80-211 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Natalia Szupryczynska
- Department of Nutritional Biochemistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, 7 Debinki St., 80-211 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Zdzislaw Kochan
- Department of Nutritional Biochemistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, 7 Debinki St., 80-211 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Marta Smeda
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego St., 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Michal Dadlez
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5a Pawinskiego St., 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Stefan Chlopicki
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego St., 30-348 Krakow, Poland; Chair of Pharmacology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka St., 31-531 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Ryszard T Smolenski
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 1 Debinki St., 80-211 Gdansk, Poland.
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48
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Xu Y, Zhao L, Liu H, Sun B, Zhao X. Diagnostic value of miR-637 in patients with atherosclerosis and its predictive significance for the future cardiovascular events. Vascular 2020; 29:704-710. [PMID: 33283668 DOI: 10.1177/1708538120977297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Atherosclerosis is a common vascular disease. MiR-637 has been demonstrated to be low-expressed in hypertensive patients, and atherosclerosis is closely related to hypertension. Therefore, this study speculated that miR-637 may play an important role in the development of atherosclerosis. In brief, this study examined the expression level of miR-637 in patients with atherosclerosis and further analyzed its clinical value in patients with atherosclerosis. Methods The expression level of miR-637 was detected in serum from 86 patients with atherosclerosis and 75 healthy controls by using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to assess the diagnostic value of miR-637 in atherosclerosis. Pearson’s correlation analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between serum miR-637 and different clinical parameters. The prognostic value of miR-637 in atherosclerosis was analyzed by the Kaplan–Meier survival curve and multivariate cox regression analysis. Results Compared with healthy individuals, miR-637 was downregulated in the serum of atherosclerosis patients. The receiver operating characteristic curve suggested the high diagnostic value of miR-637 for atherosclerosis, with the AUC of 0.853, specificity of 77.9%, and sensitivity of 80.0%. The expression level of miR-637 was negatively correlated with CIMT (r = –0.8101, P < 0.0001) and CRP (r = –0.6154, P < 0.0001), respectively. Survival analysis indicated that miR-637 was also found to be an independent prognostic factor for atherosclerosis. Conclusions MiR-637 is a potential noninvasive diagnostic marker of atherosclerosis and has important predictive value for the occurrence of future cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxia Xu
- Department of Emergency, Weifang Yidu Central Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Lixiang Zhao
- Department of Emergency, Weifang People’s Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Hai Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Weifang Yidu Central Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Bin Sun
- Department of Emergency, Weifang Yidu Central Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Xinxiang Zhao
- Department of Emergency, Weifang People’s Hospital, Weifang, China
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49
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Lorenzo C, Delgado P, Busse CE, Sanz-Bravo A, Martos-Folgado I, Bonzon-Kulichenko E, Ferrarini A, Gonzalez-Valdes IB, Mur SM, Roldán-Montero R, Martinez-Lopez D, Martin-Ventura JL, Vázquez J, Wardemann H, Ramiro AR. ALDH4A1 is an atherosclerosis auto-antigen targeted by protective antibodies. Nature 2020; 589:287-292. [PMID: 33268892 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2993-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in the world, with most CVD-related deaths resulting from myocardial infarction or stroke. The main underlying cause of thrombosis and cardiovascular events is atherosclerosis, an inflammatory disease that can remain asymptomatic for long periods. There is an urgent need for therapeutic and diagnostic options in this area. Atherosclerotic plaques contain autoantibodies1,2, and there is a connection between atherosclerosis and autoimmunity3. However, the immunogenic trigger and the effects of the autoantibody response during atherosclerosis are not well understood3-5. Here we performed high-throughput single-cell analysis of the atherosclerosis-associated antibody repertoire. Antibody gene sequencing of more than 1,700 B cells from atherogenic Ldlr-/- and control mice identified 56 antibodies expressed by in-vivo-expanded clones of B lymphocytes in the context of atherosclerosis. One-third of the expanded antibodies were reactive against atherosclerotic plaques, indicating that various antigens in the lesion can trigger antibody responses. Deep proteomics analysis identified ALDH4A1, a mitochondrial dehydrogenase involved in proline metabolism, as a target antigen of one of these autoantibodies, A12. ALDH4A1 distribution is altered during atherosclerosis, and circulating ALDH4A1 is increased in mice and humans with atherosclerosis, supporting the potential use of ALDH4A1 as a disease biomarker. Infusion of A12 antibodies into Ldlr-/- mice delayed plaque formation and reduced circulating free cholesterol and LDL, suggesting that anti-ALDH4A1 antibodies can protect against atherosclerosis progression and might have therapeutic potential in CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Lorenzo
- B Lymphocyte Biology Lab, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Delgado
- B Lymphocyte Biology Lab, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Christian E Busse
- Division of B Cell Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alejandro Sanz-Bravo
- B Lymphocyte Biology Lab, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Elena Bonzon-Kulichenko
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Lab, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alessia Ferrarini
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Lab, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ileana B Gonzalez-Valdes
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Lab, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia M Mur
- B Lymphocyte Biology Lab, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Roldán-Montero
- Vascular Pathology Lab, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Martinez-Lopez
- Vascular Pathology Lab, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose L Martin-Ventura
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain.,Vascular Pathology Lab, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Vázquez
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Lab, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Hedda Wardemann
- Division of B Cell Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Almudena R Ramiro
- B Lymphocyte Biology Lab, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.
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50
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Abstract
Risk assessments are integral for the prevention and management of cardiometabolic disease (CMD). However, individuals may develop CMD without traditional risk factors, necessitating the development of novel biomarkers to aid risk prediction. The emergence of omic technologies, including genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, has allowed for assessment of orthogonal measures of cardiometabolic risk, potentially improving the ability for novel biomarkers to refine disease risk assessments. While omics has shed light on novel mechanisms for the development of CMD, its adoption in clinical practice faces significant challenges. We review select omic technologies and cardiometabolic investigations for risk prediction, while highlighting challenges and opportunities for translating findings to clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usman A Tahir
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA; ,
| | - Robert E Gerszten
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA; ,
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