Kristoffersen L, Øiestad EL, Opdal MS, Krogh M, Lundanes E, Christophersen AS. Simultaneous determination of 6 beta-blockers, 3 calcium-channel antagonists, 4 angiotensin-II antagonists and 1 antiarrhytmic drug in post-mortem whole blood by automated solid phase extraction and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry.
J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2007;
850:147-60. [PMID:
17175206 DOI:
10.1016/j.jchromb.2006.11.030]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2006] [Revised: 11/10/2006] [Accepted: 11/14/2006] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A method for the simultaneous determination of the beta-blockers atenolol, sotalol, metoprolol, bisoprolol, propranolol and carvedilol, the calcium-channel antagonists diltiazem, amlodipine and verapamil, the angiotensin-II antagonists losartan, irbesartan, valsartan and telmisartan, and the antiarrhythmic drug flecainide, in whole blood samples from forensic autopsies was developed. Sample clean-up was achieved by precipitation and solid phase extraction (SPE) with a mixed-mode column. Quantification was performed by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography with positive electrospray ionization mass spectrometric detection (HPLC-MS). The method has been developed and robustness tested by systematically searching for satisfactory conditions using experimental designs including factorial and response surface designs. With the exception of amlodipine, the concentration limit of quantification (cLOQ) covered low therapeutic concentration levels for all the compounds. Within assay precisions and accuracies (bias) were 3.4-21% RSD and from -24 to 21% for the concentration range 1.00-5.00 microM, respectively. Between assay precisions were 4.4-28% RSD for the concentration range from 0.1 to 5 microM and recoveries varied from 9 to 103%. The method is used for determination of cardiovascular drugs in post-mortem whole blood samples from forensic autopsy cases.
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