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Nduka I, Kabasinguzi I, Ali N, Ochepo P, Abdy D, Cook EJ, Egbutah C, Cartwright S, Randhawa G. The impact of COVID-19 on the changes in health behaviours among Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) communities in the United Kingdom (UK): a scoping review. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1466. [PMID: 37525154 PMCID: PMC10391900 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15978-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has led to changes in health behaviours, which include eating patterns and nutrition, smoking, alcohol consumption, sleeping patterns, physical activity and sedentary behaviour. There is a dearth of evidence reporting the impact of COVID-19 on the health behaviour of Black, Asian and minority ethnic (BAME) communities. This scoping review synthesises the available evidence on the impact of COVID-19 on the changes in health behaviours among BAME communities in the UK. METHODS Following a keyword strategy, 16 electronic databases were searched for articles that met the screening criteria. These articles were then reviewed in full text. Empirical studies that assessed COVID-19 related health behaviour changes among BAME communities in the UK, conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic between July 2020 and August 2021 and published in English language, were set as inclusion criteria. An initial 2160 studies were identified in the selected databases. After removing duplications and screening the title and abstracts of the 2154 studies, only 4 studies were selected to be reviewed as they met the inclusion criteria. The included studies employed different sample sizes which ranged from N = 47 to N = 30,375 and reported several health behaviour changes. Out of the 4 included studies, 3 studies included BAME groups within their sample as a subgroup while one study focused specifically on BAME groups. RESULTS The scoping review found that there were lower levels of physical activity among BAME groups compared to the White ethnic groups. About 41.7% of BAME groups reported drinking less alcohol than usual compared to their white counterparts who were 34%. Study participants from BAME backgrounds had the greatest effect of COVID-19 on decisions to purchase healthier food compared to those from white backgrounds whose decisions on purchasing healthier food were least affected. Some participants reported an increase in positive hygiene practices due to the COVID-19 pandemic. CONCLUSION COVID-19 had a significant impact on the health behaviours of BAME groups especially during the lockdowns as they reported changes to behaviour such as low levels of physical activities. Hence, it is important to promote health awareness among BAME groups to encourage healthy living. In addition, programmes such as physical fitness activities that favour BAME groups should be put in place, for example BAME women's walking groups to encourage people from BAME backgrounds to engage in physical activities. Furthermore, healthy food programmes such as food parcels can be given to people from BAME backgrounds who are not able to afford healthy food due to the impact of COVID-19. Nonetheless, the COVID-19 pandemic has increased positive hygiene among BAME groups which is important in preventing other diseases and infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ifunanya Nduka
- Institute for Health Research, University of Bedfordshire, Luton, UK
| | | | - Nasreen Ali
- Institute for Health Research, University of Bedfordshire, Luton, UK.
| | - Peter Ochepo
- Institute for Health Research, University of Bedfordshire, Luton, UK
| | - David Abdy
- Institute for Health Research, University of Bedfordshire, Luton, UK
| | | | | | | | - Gurch Randhawa
- Institute for Health Research, University of Bedfordshire, Luton, UK
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Bosworth A, Dubey S, Adebajo A, Moorthy A, Arora S, Salim A, Reehal J, Paudyal V, Gupta M, Kumar K. Patient Empowerment: Apni Jung (Our Fight) against Rheumatoid Arthritis for South Asian Population. Mediterr J Rheumatol 2021; 32:93-95. [PMID: 34447903 PMCID: PMC8369277 DOI: 10.31138/mjr.32.2.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Covid-19 has affected many populations in the UK, and ethnic minority communities in particular. People from ethnic minority communities living with long-term chronic diseases have shown to be less engaging with self-management and report having poor medication adherence. The main reason to this problem is the way information is delivered to non-English speaking patients. This editorial discusses an innovation to over this barriers in rheumatology practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailsa Bosworth
- National Rheumatoid Arthritis Society, Maidenhead, United Kingdom
| | - Shirish Dubey
- Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Headington, United Kingdom
| | - Ade Adebajo
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Arumugam Moorthy
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
| | - Shivam Arora
- National Rheumatoid Arthritis Society, Maidenhead, United Kingdom
| | - Afshan Salim
- Bellevue Medical Centre, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Joti Reehal
- National Rheumatoid Arthritis Society, Maidenhead, United Kingdom
| | - Vibhu Paudyal
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Monica Gupta
- Gartnavel General Hospital and Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Kanta Kumar
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Kapilashrami A, Otis M, Omodara D, Nandi A, Vats A, Adeniyi O, Speed E, Potter JL, Eder B, Pareek M, Bhui K. Ethnic disparities in health & social care workers’ exposure, protection, and clinical management of the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK. Critical Public Health 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/09581596.2021.1959020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Kapilashrami
- School of Health & Social Care, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
- People’s Health Movement, UK
| | - M. Otis
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration Northwest London
- Imperial College London Imperial College London
| | - D. Omodara
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - A. Nandi
- Institute for Social and Economic Research, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
| | - A. Vats
- Rowley Bristow Unit, Department of Orthopaedics, Ashford and St Peter's Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - O. Adeniyi
- School of Management, Nottingham Business School, Nottingham Trent University, UK
| | - E. Speed
- School of Health & Social Care, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
| | - J. L. Potter
- North Middlesex University Hospital, Nottingham, UK
| | - B. Eder
- People’s Health Movement, UK
| | - M. Pareek
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Department of Infection and HIV Medicine, University Hospitals Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - K. Bhui
- Department of Psychiatry & Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Dubey S, Kumar K, Bunting H, Sheeran T, Douglas B, Sabu J, Attwal M, Moorthy A. Testing the waters: COVID-19 first wave and shielding among BAME patients with rheumatological conditions in the United Kingdom. Musculoskeletal Care 2020; 19:244-246. [PMID: 33306871 DOI: 10.1002/msc.1531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shirish Dubey
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Kanta Kumar
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,Royal Wolverhampton NHS Foundation Trust, Wolverhampton, West Midlands, UK
| | - Helen Bunting
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Tom Sheeran
- Royal Wolverhampton NHS Foundation Trust, Wolverhampton, West Midlands, UK
| | - Barbara Douglas
- Royal Wolverhampton NHS Foundation Trust, Wolverhampton, West Midlands, UK
| | - Jessy Sabu
- University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, UK
| | - Manjeet Attwal
- University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, UK
| | - Arumugam Moorthy
- University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, UK.,College of Biological Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
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Abualfadl E, Ismail F, Shereef RRE, Hassan E, Tharwat S, Mohamed EF, Abda EA, Radwan AR, Fawzy RM, Moshrif AH, Noor RA, Senara S, Elazim MIA, Abaza NM, Raafat HA, El-Gazzar II, El-Hammady DH, Hammam N, Gheita TA, El-Mallah R; ECR COVID19-Study Group. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on rheumatoid arthritis from a Multi-Centre patient-reported questionnaire survey: influence of gender, rural-urban gap and north-south gradient. Rheumatol Int 2021; 41:345-53. [PMID: 33130920 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-020-04736-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
During the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic there were several barriers to treatment access and medication adherence in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. There is no information regarding the RA patient health status in Egypt during the COVID-19. Thus,the aim of this work was to study the impact of the pandemic on RA patients through a patient-reported questionnaire and to determine the influence of gender, geographic regions. This multi-centre study initiated by the Egyptian College of Rheumatology (ECR) was conducted on 1037 RA patients attending rheumatology clinics from 10 governorates. The questionnaire provided covered socio-demographic data, health/disease status, information/knowledge about COVID-19 and medical/family history of the infection. Patients mean age was 44.2 ± 12.3 years;855 females and 182 males; 539(52%) from rural and 497(48%) from urban areas. 41.8% reported a striking difficulty to obtain hydroxychloroquine during the pandemic. The majority (70%) considered maintaining a regular visit to the rheumatologist in addition to remote contact mainly by phone (44.4%) or via WhatsApp (33.1%), in particular among male and urban patients. Urban patients were more likely to be infected by COVID-19 (12.9% vs 6.2%; p < 0.0001) than rural. Northern cities had more patients with suspected COVID-19 (13.9% vs 6.1%; p < 0.0001); was significantly associated with more disease flares (30.8% vs 5.8%) with subsequent change in the RA treatment (20.9% vs 6.4%; p < 0.0001). Patients with RA faced remarkable difficulty to obtain their medications with subsequent change in their disease status. The challenges of the pandemic have hastened changes in the way we deliver health care.
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Moorthy A, Sankar TK. Emerging public health challenge in UK: perception and belief on increased COVID19 death among BAME healthcare workers. J Public Health (Oxf) 2020; 42:486-492. [PMID: 32618332 PMCID: PMC7337745 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdaa096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus infection Disease 19 impacted every part of the world and routine life. Recent report from the Office of national statistics in UK reported disproportionate death among Black Asian and minority ethnic (BAME) population. NHS is heavily relied on the BAME work force both in front line and in the community. We attempted to explore the beliefs and perception about reported worrying issue among BAME health work force in a Diverse city of Leicester. METHODS This is a cross-sectional survey using 20 questions in an electronic format. The target population was identified through Leicester Asian Doctors Society and Leicester Asian Nurses Society. The questionnaire was then distributed electronically to the members. Survey questionnaire was accessed by 372, incomplete response (172) were excluded and 200 completed responses were analysed. RESULTS Majority of BAME workforce are routinely involved in front line duties. More than 70% were anxious about their role during this pandemic. The Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) supply was adequate, and the support received from the local healthcare providers was more than satisfactory. The work force perceived co-morbidity, lack of PPE and testing were one of the few reasons for increased death in BAME. BAME group felt adequate provision of PPE, increased testing and improving mental health well-being is required to alleviate concerns and improve BAME working life in NHS. CONCLUSION BAME workforce are routinely involved in front line work and current anxiety level is very high. Adequate provision of mental health support with clear risk stratification for return to work is required urgently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arumugam Moorthy
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS trust, Leicester LE1 5WW, UK,Address correspondence to Arumugam Moorthy, E-mail:
| | - Thangasamy K Sankar
- Dept of Plastic surgery, Department of Plastic Surgery Kettering General Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Kettering, N16 8UZ, UK
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Moorthy A, Dubey S, Samanta A, Adebajo A, Aggarwal A, Jain A, Jain N, Sam Lim S, Kerr GS, Kumar K. COVID-19 and ethnicity: Spotlight on the global rheumatology issues in developing and developed countries. Int J Rheum Dis 2020; 23:849-852. [PMID: 32473047 PMCID: PMC7300781 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.13883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Arumugam Moorthy
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicestershire, UK
| | - Shirish Dubey
- Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Headington, UK
| | - Ash Samanta
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicestershire, UK
| | - Ade Adebajo
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Amita Aggarwal
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Avinash Jain
- Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, SMS Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur, India
| | - Nibha Jain
- Department of Rheumatology, Institute of Immunology, Vadodara, India
| | - S Sam Lim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Gail S Kerr
- Department of Rheumatology, DC Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Georgetown and Howard University Hospitals, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Kanta Kumar
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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