Clinical advantages of robot-assisted partial nephrectomy versus laparoscopic partial nephrectomy in terms of global and split renal functions: A propensity score-matched comparative analysis

Predicting estimated glomerular filtration rate after partial and radical nephrectomy based on split renal function measured by radionuclide: a large-scale retrospective study

PURPOSE

The purpose of this study was to develop predictive models for postoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) based on the split glomerular filtration rate measured by radionuclide (rGFR), as choosing radical nephrectomy (RN) or partial nephrectomy (PN) for complex renal masses requires accurate prediction of postoperative eGFR.

METHODS

Patients who underwent RN or PN for a single renal mass at Xijing Hospital between 2008 and 2022 were retrospectively included. Preoperative split rGFR was evaluated using technetium-99 m-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Tc-99 m DTPA) renal dynamic imaging, and the postoperative short-term (< 7 days) and long-term (3 months to 5 years) eGFRs were assessed. Linear mixed-effect models were used to predict eGFRs, with marginal R2 reflecting predictive ability.

RESULTS

After excluding patients with missing follow-up eGFRs, the data of 2251 (RN: 1286, PN: 965) and 2447 (RN: 1417, PN: 1030) patients were respectively included in the long-term and short-term models. Two models were established to predict long-term eGFRs after RN (marginal R2 = 0.554) and PN (marginal R2 = 0.630), respectively. Two other models were established to predict short-term eGFRs after RN (marginal R2 = 0.692) and PN (marginal R2 = 0.656), respectively. In terms of long-term eGFRs, laparoscopic and robotic surgery were superior to open surgery in both PN and RN.

CONCLUSIONS

We developed novel tools for predicting short-term and long-term eGFRs after RN and PN based on split rGFR that can help in preoperative decision-making.

Comparing the outcomes of open, laparoscopic and robot-assisted partial nephrectomy: a network meta-analysis

OBJECTIVE

To perform a systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) to determine the advantages and disadvantages of open (OPN), laparoscopic (LPN), and robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) with particular attention to intraoperative, immediate postoperative, as well as longer-term functional and oncological outcomes.

METHODS

A systematic review was performed as per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses-NMA guidelines. Binary data were compared using odds ratios (ORs). Mean differences (MDs) were used for continuous variables. ORs and MDs were extracted from the articles to compare the efficacy of the various surgical approaches. Statistical validity is guaranteed when the 95% credible interval does not include 1.

RESULTS

In total, there were 31 studies included in the NMA with a combined 7869 patients. Of these, 33.7% (2651/7869) underwent OPN, 20.8% (1636/7869) LPN, and 45.5% (3582/7689) RAPN. There was no difference for either LPN or RAPN as compared to OPN in ischaemia time, intraoperative complications, positive surgical margins, operative time or trifecta rate. The estimated blood loss (EBL), postoperative complications and length of stay were all significantly reduced in RAPN when compared with OPN. The outcomes of RAPN and LPN were largely similar except the significantly reduced EBL in RAPN.

CONCLUSION

This systematic review and NMA suggests that RAPN is the preferable operative approach for patients undergoing surgery for lower-staged RCC.

Comparison of surgical outcomes and split renal function between laparoscopic and robot-assisted partial nephrectomy: a propensity score-matched analysis

PURPOSE

The objective of this study was to compare perioperative outcomes and total and split renal function between laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) and robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN). Predictive risk factors of preservation of operated renal function were also assessed.

METHODS

We retrospectively analyzed 173 patients who underwent LPN (n = 84) or RAPN (n = 89) between 2010 and 2020. After propensity score matching (1:1), perioperative outcomes and total and split renal function were assessed. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate predictive risk factors of preservation of operated renal function. Trifecta criteria were defined as negative surgical margins, warm ischemia time (WIT) < 25 min, and no complications more than Clavien-Dindo grade II within 4 weeks after surgery. Split renal function was evaluated by mercaptoacetyltriglycine renal scan.

RESULTS

After propensity score matching, 42 patients were allocated to each group. RAPN was associated with significantly shorter WIT (RAPN vs LPN: 12 vs 22 min; p < 0.0001) and higher trifecta achievement rate (93.3 vs 64.2%; p < 0.0001). Other perioperative outcomes and total and split renal function were not significantly different between LPN and RAPN. The R.E.N.A.L. nephrometry score (RNS) was a predictive risk factor of preservation of operated renal function in the multivariable logistic regression analysis (odds ratio 1.68, 95% confidence interval 1.29-2.20, p < 0.0001).

CONCLUSIONS

RAPN improved WIT and trifecta achievement rate, but it did not improve the preservation of operated renal function, for which RNS was found to be a strong predictive risk factor.