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Ahmed TA, Bradley N, Fenesan S. Dental management of patients with sensory impairments. Br Dent J 2022; 233:627-33. [PMID: 36307700 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-022-5085-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
This article discusses the different types of sensory impairments and their aetiology. It considers how the oral health status in patients with sensory impairments is impacted by their disability and the barriers these patients face in dental care. It also discusses legislation relevant to dental care professionals when caring for patients with disabilities, including the Mental Capacity Act (2005), the Equality Act (2010) and the Accessible Information Standard (2016). Finally, it provides recommendations to dental care professionals on how they can best manage patients with sensory impairments and communicate with them effectively in order to provide them with quality dental care.
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Serrano J, López-Pintor RM, Fernández-Castro M, Ramírez L, Sanz M, Casañas E, García JA, Recuero S, Bohorquez C, Hernández G. Oral lesions in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome. A case-control cross-sectional study. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2020; 25:e137-e143. [PMID: 31880282 PMCID: PMC6982992 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.23254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate the presence of oral lesions in a group of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) and compare these results with a matched control group (CG). MATERIAL AND METHODS An observational cross-sectional study was conducted. 61 pSS patients (60 women, 1 man, mean age 57.64±13.52) diagnosed according to the American European Criteria (2002), and 122 matched control patients (120 women, 2 men, mean age 60.02±13.13) were included. Demographic and medical data, oral lesions and salivary flow rate were collected. RESULTS Compared with the controls, pSS patients were 3.95 more likely to have oral lesions (OR 3.95; 95% CI 2.06-7.58; p=0.0001). 57.4% pSS patients presented oral lesions compared to 25.4% in CG. The most common were candidiasis (13.1% vs 2.5%), traumatic lesions (13.1% vs 4.1%), apthae (8.2% vs 0), and fissuration of the tongue (8.2% vs 0.8%). pSS patients with oral lesions had lower salivary flow levels (stimulated and unstimulated), although these differences were not significant. Significant associations were found between the presence of oral lesions and systemic manifestations and history of parotid gland enlargement in pSS patients. CONCLUSION pSS patients suffer more oral lesions than general population and these lesions may aggravate the pSS disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Serrano
- Departamento de Especialidades Clínicas Odontológicas Facultad de Odontología Universidad Complutense de Madrid Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid. Spain
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Nishimachi S, Iwai T, Nakamura Y, Yuyama-masuda K, Tsutsui T, Monoi N, Uchiyama A, Nakamura S. Rooibos (Aspalathus linearis) extract, containing eriodictyol-6-C-β-d-glucoside as the active component, stimulates exocrine glands via the M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor. J Funct Foods 2019; 55:248-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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Serrano J, Lopez-Pintor RM, Gonzalez-Serrano J, Fernandez-Castro M, Casanas E, Hernandez G. Oral lesions in Sjogren's syndrome: A systematic review. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2018; 23:e391-e400. [PMID: 29924754 PMCID: PMC6051685 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.22286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sjogren's syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease related to two common symptoms: dry mouth and eyes. Although, xerostomia and hyposialia have been frequently reported in these patients, not many studies have evaluated other oral manifestations. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate prevalence rates of oral lesions (OL) in SS patients and to compare it to a control group (CG), when available. MATERIAL AND METHODS An exhaustive search of the published literature of the Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library databases was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P) for relevant studies that met our eligibility criteria (up to September 1st 2017). RESULTS Seventeen cross-sectional studies and one cohort study were finally included. The results showed that SS patients presented more OL compared to non-SS patients. The most frequent types of OL registered in primary and secondary SS were angular cheilitis, atrophic glossitis, recurrent oral ulcerations and grooves or fissurations of the tongue, also when compared to a CG. CONCLUSIONS OL are common and more frequent in SS patients when compared to a CG. This may be a consequence of low levels of saliva. More studies where these OL and all the possible cofounding factors are taken into account are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Serrano
- Departamento de Especialidades, Clinicas Odontologicas, Facultad de Odontologia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramon y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain,
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Daniel FI, Lima LD, Grando LJ, Castro R, Cordeiro EAK, Dos Santos CR. Salivary evaluation in radioactive I 131 treated patients with thyroid carcinoma. Acta Odontol Scand 2018; 76:148-152. [PMID: 29125000 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2017.1399214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE radioiodine treatment (I131) used to treat thyroid carcinomas produces side effects (sialadenitis, xerostomia, dysphagia and caries susceptibility) reflecting in a poor patient quality of life. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of I131 on salivary function and possible oral impairment. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty-seven patients undergoing I131 were submitted to oral examination, answer questions regarding xerostomia/hyposalivation and collect saliva at three moments (M1: 30-45 days before I131, M2: 1-2 days after I131 and M3: 7-10 days after treatment). Saliva was assayed for flow rate and calcium/phosphate concentrations. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS significant difference in calcium/phosphate concentration was shown between M1 and M2, with evident decrease at M2. Flow rate reduced right after treatment with 41% of patients returning to previous rate at M3 (no statistical difference). A higher number of patients related xerostomia and difficulty in swallowing food at M2. The results showed that xerostomia/hyposalivation, dysphagia and calcium/phosphate concentration decrease may be considered early radioiodine side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe Ivan Daniel
- Department of Pathology, Health Science Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Luiza Dutra Lima
- Health Science Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Liliane Janete Grando
- Department of Pathology, Health Science Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Renata Castro
- Department of Dentistry, Health Science Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Claudia Regina Dos Santos
- Department of Pathology, Health Science Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
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Bezzina OM, Gallagher P, Mitchell S, Bowman SJ, Griffiths B, Hindmarsh V, Hargreaves B, Price EJ, Pease CT, Emery P, Lanyon P, Bombardieri M, Sutcliffe N, Pitzalis C, Hunter J, Gupta M, McLaren J, Cooper AM, Regan M, Giles IP, Isenberg DA, Saravanan V, Coady D, Dasgupta B, McHugh NJ, Young-Min SA, Moots RJ, Gendi N, Akil M, MacKay K, Ng WF, Robinson LJ. Subjective and Objective Measures of Dryness Symptoms in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome: Capturing the Discrepancy. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2017; 69:1714-1723. [PMID: 27992710 PMCID: PMC5698764 DOI: 10.1002/acr.23165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Objective To develop a novel method for capturing the discrepancy between objective tests and subjective dryness symptoms (a sensitivity scale) and to explore predictors of dryness sensitivity. Methods Archive data from the UK Primary Sjögren's Syndrome Registry (n = 688) were used. Patients were classified on a scale from −5 (stoical) to +5 (sensitive) depending on the degree of discrepancy between their objective and subjective symptoms classes. Sensitivity scores were correlated with demographic variables, disease‐related factors, and symptoms of pain, fatigue, anxiety, and depression. Results Patients were on average relatively stoical for both types of dryness symptoms (mean ± SD ocular dryness −0.42 ± 2.2 and −1.24 ± 1.6 oral dryness). Twenty‐seven percent of patients were classified as sensitive to ocular dryness and 9% to oral dryness. Hierarchical regression analyses identified the strongest predictor of ocular dryness sensitivity to be self‐reported pain and that of oral dryness sensitivity to be self‐reported fatigue. Conclusion Ocular and oral dryness sensitivity can be classified on a continuous scale. The 2 symptom types are predicted by different variables. A large number of factors remain to be explored that may impact symptom sensitivity in primary Sjögrenʼs syndrome, and the proposed method could be used to identify relatively sensitive and stoical patients for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriana M Bezzina
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Peter Gallagher
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Sheryl Mitchell
- Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Simon J Bowman
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Bridget Griffiths
- Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Victoria Hindmarsh
- Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ben Hargreaves
- Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Elizabeth J Price
- Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Swindon, Wiltshire, UK
| | - Colin T Pease
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Chapel Allerton Hospital, NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Paul Emery
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Chapel Allerton Hospital, NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Peter Lanyon
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Michele Bombardieri
- Barts and the London NHS Trust and Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK
| | | | - Costantino Pitzalis
- Barts and the London NHS Trust and Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK
| | - John Hunter
- Gartnavel General Hospital, Glasgow, Scotland
| | | | | | - Anne M Cooper
- Royal Hampshire County Hospital, Winchester and Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth, UK
| | | | - Ian P Giles
- University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - David A Isenberg
- University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | | | | | - Neil J McHugh
- Royal National Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Bath, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | - W Fai Ng
- Musculoskeletal Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine & Newcastle NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Ageing and Chronic Diseases, Newcastle University, and Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Lucy J Robinson
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Saeed H, Mantagos IS, Chodosh J. Complications of Stevens–Johnson syndrome beyond the eye and skin. Burns 2016; 42:20-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2015.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2014] [Revised: 03/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Pinna R, Campus G, Cumbo E, Mura I, Milia E. Xerostomia induced by radiotherapy: an overview of the physiopathology, clinical evidence, and management of the oral damage. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2015; 11:171-88. [PMID: 25691810 PMCID: PMC4325830 DOI: 10.2147/tcrm.s70652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The irradiation of head and neck cancer (HNC) often causes damage to the salivary glands. The resulting salivary gland hypofunction and xerostomia seriously reduce the patient's quality of life. PURPOSE To analyze the literature of actual management strategies for radiation-induced hypofunction and xerostomia in HNC patients. METHODS MEDLINE/PubMed and the Cochrane Library databases were electronically evaluated for articles published from January 1, 1970, to June 30, 2013. Two reviewers independently screened and included papers according to the predefined selection criteria. RESULTS Sixty-one articles met the inclusion criteria. The systematic review of the literature suggests that the most suitable methods for managing the clinical and pathophysiological consequences of HNC radiotherapy might be the pharmacological approach, for example, through the use of cholinergic agonists when residual secretory capacity is still present, and the use of salivary substitutes. In addition, a modified diet and the patient's motivation to enhance oral hygiene can lead to a significant improvement. CONCLUSION Radiation-induced xerostomia could be considered a multifactorial disease. It could depend on the type of cancer treatment and the cumulative radiation dose to the gland tissue. A preventive approach and the correct treatment of the particular radiotherapeutic patient can help to improve the condition of xerostomia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Pinna
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Guglielmo Campus
- Department of Surgery, Microsurgery and Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Enzo Cumbo
- Department of Dental Science, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Ida Mura
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Egle Milia
- Department of Surgery, Microsurgery and Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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Cunha-Cruz J, Scott J, Rothen M, Mancl L, Lawhorn T, Brossel K, Berg J; Northwest Practice-based REsearch Collaborative in Evidence-based DENTistry. Salivary characteristics and dental caries: evidence from general dental practices. J Am Dent Assoc 2013; 144:e31-40. [PMID: 23633704 DOI: 10.14219/jada.archive.2013.0159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Saliva is one of the intraoral host factors that influence caries development. The authors conducted a study to investigate whether salivary characteristics are associated with recent dental caries experience. METHODS Dentist-investigators and dental staff members collected data pertaining to a two-year cumulative incidence of dental caries (previous 24 months) and salivary characteristics during baseline assessment in an ongoing longitudinal study. The systematic random sample consisted of patients (n = 1,763) visiting general dental practices (n = 63) within the Northwest Practice-based REsearch Collaborative in Evidence-based DENTistry (PRECEDENT). The authors estimated adjusted rate ratios (RRs) by using generalized estimating equations log-linear regression to relate salivary characteristics to coronal carious lesions into dentin. RESULTS Low resting pH (≤ 6.0) in the overall sample and low stimulated salivary flow rate (≤ 0.6 milliliter/minute) in older adults (≥ 65 years old) were associated with increased dental caries (RR, 1.6; 95 percent confidence interval [CI], 1.1-2.2; RR, 2.4; 95 percent CI, 1.5-3.8, respectively). Low buffering capacity was associated with decreased dental caries in children and adolescents (RR, 0.3; 95 percent CI, 0.1-1.0; RR, 0.2; 95 percent CI, 0.1-0.7, respectively). A thick, sticky or frothy salivary consistency also was associated with decreased dental caries in adults (RR, 0.6; 95 percent CI, 0.4-1.0). Associations between other salivary characteristics and dental caries for the overall sample and within each age group were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Salivary characteristics were associated weakly with previous dental caries experience, but the authors did not find consistent trends among the three age groups. Different salivary characteristics were associated with an increased caries experience in older adults and a lowered caries experience in children and adolescents and adults. Practical Implications. Further investigations are needed in this population setting to understand the study's conflicting results. The study findings cannot support the use of salivary tests to determine caries risk in actual clinical settings.
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Abstract
Radioiodine 131 (131I) has been used worldwide for the ablation of remnant thyroidal tissue after surgery or as the first-line treatment for Graves’ disease. Although the use of 131I is becoming increasingly prevalent, there is evidence suggesting that this treatment is associated with side effects such as salivary gland dysfunction and an increased risk of leukemia. This article aims to review the potential use of radioprotective agents and the side effects induced by 131I therapy. Several synthetic and natural compounds have been investigated in preclinical and clinical studies. The protective agents reduced the toxicity of 131I, mainly in the salivary glands, and mitigated the genetic damage through different mechanisms. There are limited clinical studies evaluating the use of radioprotective agents in patients undergoing radioiodine therapy. However, lemon candies, lemon juice and sugarless chewing gum have been proposed to be beneficial for minimizing the side effects of radioiodine within the salivary glands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Noaparast
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Seyed Jalal Hosseinimehr
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
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Abstract
Sjögren's syndrome (SjS) is one of the most common autoimmune rheumatic diseases, clinically characterized by xerostomia and keratoconjunctivitis sicca. We investigated the following controversial topics: (i) Do we have reliable ways of assessing saliva production? (ii) How important are the quantity and quality of saliva? (iii) Are only anti-SSA/Ro and anti-SSB/La relevant for the diagnosis of SjS? (iv) Are the American-European Consensus criteria (AECC) the best way to diagnose SjS? Results from literature searches suggested the following: (i) Despite the fact that numerous tests are available to assess salivation rates, direct comparisons among them are scarce with little evidence to suggest one best test. (ii) Recent developments highlight the importance of investigating the composition of saliva. However, more research is needed to standardize the methods of analysis and collection and refine the quality of the accumulating data. (iii) In addition to anti-Ro/La autoantibodies, anti α-fodrin IgA and anti-MR3 autoantibodies seem to be promising diagnostic markers of SjS, but more studies are warranted to test their sensitivity and specificity. (iv) AECC are classification, not diagnostic criteria. Moreover, recent innovations have not been incorporated into these criteria. Consequently, treatment directed to patients diagnosed using the AECC might exclude a significant proportion of patients with SjS.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Aframian
- Salivary Gland Clinic and Saliva Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel.
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Aghemo A, Rumi MG, Monico S, Banderali M, Russo A, Ottaviani F, Vigano M, D’ambrosio R, Colombo M. Ribavirin Impairs Salivary gland function During Combination Treatment With Pegylated Interferon Alfa-2a In HEpatitis C patients. Hepat Mon 2011; 11:918-924. [DOI: 10.5812/kowsar.1735143x.3755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
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Almeida JP, Sanabria ÁE, Lima ENP, Kowalski LP. Late side effects of radioactive iodine on salivary gland function in patients with thyroid cancer. Head Neck 2010; 33:686-90. [DOI: 10.1002/hed.21520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Smidt D, Torpet LA, Nauntofte B, Heegaard KM, Pedersen AML. Associations between oral and ocular dryness, labial and whole salivary flow rates, systemic diseases and medications in a sample of older people. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2010; 39:276-88. [PMID: 21070322 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0528.2010.00588.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the associations between age, gender, systemic diseases, medications, labial and whole salivary flow rates and oral and ocular dryness in older people. METHODS Symptoms of oral and ocular dryness, systemic diseases, medications (coded according to the Anatomical therapeutic chemical (ATC) classification system), tobacco and alcohol consumption were registered, and unstimulated labial (LS) and unstimulated (UWS) and chewing-stimulated (SWS) whole salivary flow rates were measured in 668 randomly selected community-dwelling elderly aged 65-95. RESULTS Presence of oral (12%) and ocular (11%) dryness was positively correlated. Oral dryness was associated with low UWS, SWS and LS, and ocular dryness with low UWS and SWS. Oral and ocular dryness was related to female gender, but not to age. Only four persons in the healthy and nonmedicated subgroups reported oral and ocular dryness. The numbers of diseases and medications were higher in the older age groups and associated with oral and ocular dryness, low UWS, SWS and LS. On average, women were slightly older, reported more oral and ocular dryness and had lower UWS, SWS, LS and higher numbers of diseases and medications. High prevalence and odds ratios for oral dryness were associated with metabolic, respiratory and neurological diseases and intake of thyroid hormones, respiratory agents (primarily glucocorticoids), psycholeptics and/or psychoanaleptics, antineoplastics, proton pump inhibitors, antidiabetics, loop diuretics, antispasmodics, quinine and bisphosphonates. Ocular dryness was especially associated with neurological diseases and intake of psycholeptics and/or psychoanaleptics. Intake of magnesium hydroxide, antithrombotics, cardiac agents, thiazides, beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors/angiotensin II antagonists, statins, glucosamine, paracetamol/opioids, ophthalmologicals and certain combination therapies was related to oral and ocular dryness. CONCLUSIONS In older people, oral and ocular dryness are associated with low salivary flow rates, specific as well as high number of diseases and medications, but neither with age and gender per se nor with tobacco and alcohol consumption. New detailed information concerning associations between medications and oral and ocular dryness has been obtained using the ATC classification system.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Smidt
- Department of Odontology, Section of Oral Medicine, Clinical Oral Physiology, Oral Pathology and Anatomy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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Eliasson L, Birkhed D, Carlén A. Feeling of dry mouth in relation to whole and minor gland saliva secretion rate. Arch Oral Biol 2009; 54:263-7. [PMID: 18922513 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2008.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2008] [Revised: 06/24/2008] [Accepted: 09/07/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Márton K, Madléna M, Bánóczy J, Varga G, Fejérdy P, Sreebny LM, Nagy G. Unstimulated whole saliva flow rate in relation to sicca symptoms in Hungary. Oral Dis 2008; 14:472-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2007.01404.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Hirotomi T, Yoshihara A, Ogawa H, Ito K, Igarashi A, Miyazaki H. A preliminary study on the relationship between stimulated saliva and periodontal conditions in community-dwelling elderly people. J Dent 2006; 34:692-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2006.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2005] [Revised: 12/28/2005] [Accepted: 01/04/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Moura JS, da Silva WJ, Pereira T, Del Bel Cury AA, Rodrigues Garcia RCM. Influence of acrylic resin polymerization methods and saliva on the adherence of four Candida species. J Prosthet Dent 2006; 96:205-11. [PMID: 16990072 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2006.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM There is limited information on the role of polymerization methods and saliva on the adherence of pathogenic Candida species, with the exception of the adherence of Candida albicans to acrylic resins and the relation of this to surface roughness and surface free energy, which appear to play a major role in the initial phases of microorganism adhesion. PURPOSE This study evaluated the influence of polymerization methods and human whole saliva on the adherence of Candida species to acrylic resin surfaces. MATERIAL AND METHODS Acrylic resin specimens (n=256) measuring 2.5 x 1.2 x 0.2 cm were heat (Classico) or microwave (OndaCryl) polymerized and evaluated for surface roughness using a profilometer, and for surface free energy by measuring the contact angle of a sessile drop of water. For the adherence assay, specimens of each acrylic resin were divided by lottery into 8 groups, according to whether they were exposed to human saliva or not (control), and to 1 of the 4 following suspensions: C albicans, Candida tropicalis, Candida dubliniensis, or Candida glabrata (1 to 5 x 10(6) cells/mL). Adhered yeasts were counted using an optical microscope at x400 magnification. Data were analyzed by 3-way ANOVA and the Tukey honestly significant difference test (alpha=.05). RESULTS No statistical difference was found for roughness (P=.156), whereas higher surface free-energy values were found for the heat-polymerized acrylic resin (P=.0013). The overall adherence of Candida species was significantly decreased by human saliva (P<.001). CONCLUSION Within the limitations of this study, saliva was capable of reducing the adherence of Candida species, whereas roughness and free energy did not influence the adherence rates. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS As growth on surfaces is a natural part of the Candida lifestyle, its colonization in denture users may be expected. The presence of human whole saliva, however, decreased the overall yeast adherence to the acrylic resin surface, whereas surface roughness and free energy did not interfere with the adherence of Candida species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Silva Moura
- School of Dentistry of Piracicaba, State University of Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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