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Li Q, Zhang X, Feng Q, Zhou H, Ma C, Lin C, Wang D, Yin J. Common Allergens and Immune Responses Associated with Allergic Rhinitis in China. J Asthma Allergy 2023; 16:851-861. [PMID: 37609376 PMCID: PMC10441643 DOI: 10.2147/jaa.s420328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a chronic allergic disease of the upper respiratory system that affects approximately 10-40% of the global population. Due to the large number of plant pollen allergens with obvious seasonal variations, AR is common in China. AR is primarily caused by the abnormal regulation of the immune system. Its pathophysiological mechanism involves a series of immune cells and immune mediators, including cytokines. The present review summarizes the common allergens in China and the complex pathophysiological mechanism of AR. Additionally, host allergen contact, signal transduction, immune cell activation, cytokine release, and a series of inflammatory reactions are described according to their sequence of occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qirong Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory Animal Center, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- Laboratory Animal Center, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiang Feng
- Laboratory Animal Center, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hengzong Zhou
- Laboratory Animal Center, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chaoyang Ma
- Hepatology Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chao Lin
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jilin Business and Technology College, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongxu Wang
- Laboratory Animal Center, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianmei Yin
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
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Juprasong Y, Sirirakphaisarn S, Siriwattanakul U, Songnuan W. Exploring the effects of seasons, diurnal cycle, and heights on airborne pollen load in a Southeast Asian atmospheric condition. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1067034. [PMID: 36589963 PMCID: PMC9795065 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1067034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Aeropollen can induce detrimental effects, particularly in respiratory airways. Monitoring local aeropollen is essential for the management of pollen allergic patients in each area. However, without resources for constant monitoring, pollen counts are subjected to biases imposed by the choices of sampling season, time of collection, and location. Therefore, the effects of these factors must be better understood. This study investigated the dynamics of aeropollen types through seasonal variation, diurnal cycle and different heights from the ground in Bangkok, Thailand. Methods Aeropollen samples were collected for 12 months at the Faculty of Science, Mahidol University in Bangkok, using a RotoRod Sampler®. For the investigation of diurnal effect, pollen was collected at 7 a.m., 10 a.m., 1 p.m., 4 p.m., and 7 p.m. For the study of height effect, data were collected at 2, 10, and 18 meters above ground. Results and discussion This is the first study of the effects of diurnal cycle and height variation on airborne pollen count in Southeast Asia. The results showed the highest concentration of aeropollen was observed in November, which was at the beginning of the northeast monsoon season in Bangkok, whereas the lowest concentration was recorded in July (rainy season). Interestingly, the lowest airborne pollen concentration recorded in July was greater than the high level of most standards. Grass pollen was found as the major aeropollen. The highest total pollen concentration was detected at 1 p.m. The maximum pollen quantity was detected at 10 meters from the ground. However, the total aeropollen concentration was extremely high (>130 grains/m3) at all elevated heights compared to other studies that mostly found at lower height (approximately 1-2 m above ground). The result suggested that pollen concentrations of most pollen types increased as height increased. This study also illustrated the correlation between aeropollen quantity and local meteorological factors. Conclusion This aeropollen survey reported that pollen concentration and diversity were affected by seasonal variation, diurnal cycle, and height from the ground. Understanding these relationships can help with predictions of aeropollen type and quantity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yotin Juprasong
- Graduate Program in Toxicology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), Office of the Permanent Secretary (OPS), Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation (MHESI), Bangkok, Thailand
- Systems Biology of Diseases Research Unit, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sirin Sirirakphaisarn
- Systems Biology of Diseases Research Unit, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Umaporn Siriwattanakul
- Systems Biology of Diseases Research Unit, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wisuwat Songnuan
- Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), Office of the Permanent Secretary (OPS), Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation (MHESI), Bangkok, Thailand
- Systems Biology of Diseases Research Unit, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Chen Q, Wang Z, Sun J, Huang Y, Hanif Q, Liao Y, Lei C. Identification of Genomic Characteristics and Selective Signals in a Du'an Goat Flock. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E994. [PMID: 32517248 PMCID: PMC7341327 DOI: 10.3390/ani10060994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Du'an goat is one of the most important farm animals in the Guangxi Autonomous Region of China, but the genetic basis underlying its adaptive traits has still not been investigated. Firstly, in this study, the genomes of 15 Du'an goats from a breeding farm were sequenced (mean depth: 9.50X) to analyze the patterns of genetic variation. A comparable diversity (17.3 million single nucleotide polymorphisms and 2.1 million indels) was observed to be associated with a lower runs of homozygosity-based inbreeding coefficient and smaller effective population size in comparison with other breeds. From selective sweep and gene set enrichment analyses, we revealed selective signals related to adaptive traits, including immune resistance (serpin cluster, INFGR1, TLR2, and immune-related pathways), body size (HMGA2, LCOR, ESR1, and cancer-related pathways) and heat tolerance (MTOR, ABCG2, PDE10A, and purine metabolism pathway). Our findings uncovered the unique diversity at the genomic level and will provide the opportunities for improvement of productivity in the Du'an goat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuming Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Livestock Genetic Improvement, Animal Husbandry Research Institute of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530001, China; (Q.C.); (Z.W.); (J.S.); (Y.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China;
| | - Zihao Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Livestock Genetic Improvement, Animal Husbandry Research Institute of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530001, China; (Q.C.); (Z.W.); (J.S.); (Y.H.)
| | - Junli Sun
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Livestock Genetic Improvement, Animal Husbandry Research Institute of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530001, China; (Q.C.); (Z.W.); (J.S.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yingfei Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Livestock Genetic Improvement, Animal Husbandry Research Institute of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530001, China; (Q.C.); (Z.W.); (J.S.); (Y.H.)
| | - Quratulain Hanif
- Computational Biology Laboratory, Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faisalabad 577, Pakistan;
- Department of Biotechnology, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nilore, Islamabad 45650, Pakistan
| | - Yuying Liao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Livestock Genetic Improvement, Animal Husbandry Research Institute of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530001, China; (Q.C.); (Z.W.); (J.S.); (Y.H.)
| | - Chuzhao Lei
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China;
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Sun R, Yang Y, Huo Q, Gu Z, Wei P, Tang X. Increased expression of type 2 innate lymphoid cells in pediatric patients with allergic rhinitis. Exp Ther Med 2019; 19:735-740. [PMID: 31853326 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.8235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are a newly identified group of innate immune cells. ILC2s promote features of allergic airway diseases through the secretion of Th2 type cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5 and IL-13. It remains unknown whether ILC2s aggregate in the peripheral blood. The present study examined the ILC2 levels in pediatric patients with allergic rhinitis (AR), and the correlation with the severity of clinical symptoms. Flow cytometry detected the ILC2s frequency in the peripheral blood of 12 healthy controls (HCs), 12 patients with AR sensitized only to house dust mites (HDM-AR), and 18 AR patients monosensitized to other antigens including weeds, animal danders and Blattella germanica, but not including HDM (non-HDM-AR). Clinical symptoms of AR were expressed according to the Total 5 Symptom Score (T5SS). The percentages of ILC2s in the peripheral blood were increased significantly in patients with HDM-AR and non-HDM-AR, compared with that in the HCs. A subgroup analysis of patients with AR indicated that the proportion of ILC2s was significantly increased in HDM-AR in comparison with that in non-HDM AR. Furthermore, there was a notable correlation between ILC2 levels and T5SS scores. ILC2s frequencies in PBMC were increased significantly in pediatric patients with AR, irrespective of the type of allergen. HDM may trigger more severe allergic reactions and an increase in the number of ILC2s. These discoveries indicate the unique function of ILC2 in AR and provide a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Sun
- Department of Physical Examination, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Qianzhu Huo
- Department of Physical Examination, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Gu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Ping Wei
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Xinye Tang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
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Abstract
Allergic diseases are amongst the most common chronic disorders worldwide. Today, more than 300 million of the population is known to suffer from one or other allergic ailments affecting the socio-economic quality of life. Major causative agents implicated are pollen grains, fungal spores, dust mites, insect debris, animal epithelia, etc. Several aerobiological studies have been conducted in different parts of the world to ascertain aerial concentration and seasonality of pollen grains and fungi. Especially from clinical point of view, it is important to know the details about the pollen season and pollen load in the atmosphere. The flowering time of higher plants are events that come periodically in each season, but the time of blooming may differ from year to year, in different geographic locations. Based on differences recorded in several years of observations in airborne pollen, pollen calendars are drawn as an aid to allergy diagnosis and management. This review article emphasises on various aerobiological parameters of environmental pollen from different parts of the world with special emphasis from India. The role of aerobiology in the diagnosis and management of allergic diseases is reviewed briefly in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Bahadur Singh
- Allergy & Aerobiology Laboratory, Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Delhi University Campus, Delhi 110007, India
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To discuss major pollen aeroallergens in North America that are essential for effective immunotherapy and to propose a list of pollen aeroallergens that could be prioritized for allergen standardization. DATA SOURCES PubMed was used to search the existing medical literature. No date restrictions were used. Keywords included allergy, aeroallergen, taxonomy, cross-reactivity, pollen, and specific genus and species names. RESULTS Tree species possess relatively unique allergens, and representative members should be chosen at the genus or family level. In the Composite family, there is significant cross-reactivity between ragweed species within the Ambrosia genus. Selection of one species should be sufficient for skin testing and immunotherapy. Extensive allergenic cross-reactivity exists among grasses. Selection of timothy grass alone or in combination with a single northern grass species provides adequate coverage in the northeastern regions of North America. CONCLUSIONS One of the goals within the field of allergy should be to identify high-priority targets for future development of standardized commercial extracts. The standardization of increasing numbers of allergen extracts potentially benefits the discipline of allergy by facilitating transfer of care among physician practices, improving uniformity of patient care, and providing a template on which geographically specific extract choices can be built.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason F White
- University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0563, USA.
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CHANG CHRISTOPHERC, HALPERN GEORGESM, TAM ALFREDY, LAU YULUNG, YEUNG CHAPYUNG. Allergic Profile of Chinese Children in Hong Kong: A Skin Prick Test and ELISA Comparative Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1089/pai.1992.6.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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