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Mahillon M, Brodard J, Schoen R, Botermans M, Dubuis N, Groux R, Pannell JR, Blouin AG, Schumpp O. Revisiting a pollen-transmitted ilarvirus previously associated with angular mosaic of grapevine. Virus Res 2024; 344:199362. [PMID: 38508402 PMCID: PMC10979282 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2024.199362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
We report the characterization of a novel tri-segmented RNA virus infecting Mercurialis annua, a common crop weed and model species in plant science. The virus, named "Mercurialis latent virus" (MeLaV) was first identified in a mixed infection with the recently described Mercurialis orthotospovirus 1 (MerV1) on symptomatic plants grown in glasshouses in Lausanne (Switzerland). Both viruses were found to be transmitted by Thrips tabaci, which presumably help the inoculation of infected pollen in the case of MeLaV. Complete genome sequencing of the latter revealed a typical ilarviral architecture and close phylogenetic relationship with members of the Ilarvirus subgroup 1. Surprisingly, a short portion of MeLaV replicase was found to be identical to the partial sequence of grapevine angular mosaic virus (GAMV) reported in Greece in the early 1990s. However, we have compiled data that challenge the involvement of GAMV in angular mosaic of grapevine, and we propose alternative causal agents for this disorder. In parallel, three highly-conserved MeLaV isolates were identified in symptomatic leaf samples in The Netherlands, including a herbarium sample collected in 1991. The virus was also traced in diverse RNA sequencing datasets from 2013 to 2020, corresponding to transcriptomic analyses of M. annua and other plant species from five European countries, as well as metaviromics analyses of bees in Belgium. Additional hosts are thus expected for MeLaV, yet we argue that infected pollen grains have likely contaminated several sequencing datasets and may have caused the initial characterization of MeLaV as GAMV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Mahillon
- Research group Virology, Bacteriology and Phytoplasmology, Department of Plant protection, Agroscope, Nyon, Switzerland
| | - Justine Brodard
- Research group Virology, Bacteriology and Phytoplasmology, Department of Plant protection, Agroscope, Nyon, Switzerland
| | - Ruben Schoen
- Netherlands Institute for Vectors, Invasive plants and Plant health (NIVIP), Netherlands Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marleen Botermans
- Netherlands Institute for Vectors, Invasive plants and Plant health (NIVIP), Netherlands Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nathalie Dubuis
- Research group Virology, Bacteriology and Phytoplasmology, Department of Plant protection, Agroscope, Nyon, Switzerland
| | - Raphaël Groux
- Research group Virology, Bacteriology and Phytoplasmology, Department of Plant protection, Agroscope, Nyon, Switzerland
| | - John R Pannell
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Switzerland
| | - Arnaud G Blouin
- Research group Virology, Bacteriology and Phytoplasmology, Department of Plant protection, Agroscope, Nyon, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Schumpp
- Research group Virology, Bacteriology and Phytoplasmology, Department of Plant protection, Agroscope, Nyon, Switzerland.
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De Weger LA, Bakker-Jonges LE, De Groot H, Kuppen HHJM, Batenburg WW, Van Leeuwen A, Koenders M, Van Vliet AJH. Method to develop a regional guide for the allergenic potential of tree pollen. Sci Total Environ 2024; 926:171575. [PMID: 38461999 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis, caused by airborne pollen, is a common disease with a great impact on the quality of life for patients and high costs for society. Prevention of high pollen concentrations in the air is relevant for creating a safe environment for allergic patients. Due to climate change, the heat in cities during the summer is a recurring problem. The local climate can be improved by using the cooling properties of trees, providing shade and cooling by evapotranspiration. When deciding which tree species will be planted, it is important to take into account the allergenicity of the pollen that the tree produces. Available guides, used all over the world, on the allergenicity of pollen are very divers in content and interpretation and not applicable for the Netherlands. In this study a method is described to develop a guide for the allergenic potential of tree pollen in a region, in this case the Netherlands. For the most common tree species in the Netherlands the scientific knowledge on the allergenicity of the pollen was collected, followed by an inventory on regional pollen abundance. Subsequently, the sensitization pattern in a patient group with possible inhalation allergy was analyzed. Based on these data allergenicity of the tree pollen was classified into five classes. Eight tree species/genera of the 61 most planted tree species in the Netherlands are considered to have a very strong to moderate allergenic potential. We propose to use this methodology to develop regional-specific guides classifying the allergenic potential of tree pollen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letty A De Weger
- Department of Pulmonology and Department of Pulmonology and Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Liesbeth E Bakker-Jonges
- Department of Medical Immunology, Reinier de Graaf Gasthuis, Reinier de Graafweg 5, 2625 AD Delft, the Netherlands.
| | - Hans De Groot
- Department of Allergology, Reinier de Graaf Gasthuis, Reinier de Graafweg 5, 2625 AD Delft, the Netherlands.
| | | | - Wendy W Batenburg
- Terra Nostra, Abbekesdoel 22a, 2971 VA Bleskensgraaf, the Netherlands.
| | - Anna Van Leeuwen
- Municipal Health Service (GGD), Rotterdam-Rijnmond, Department of Environmental Health, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Mieke Koenders
- Clinical Chemistry, Elkerliek Helmond, Wesselmanlaan 25, 5707 HA Helmond, the Netherlands.
| | - Arnold J H Van Vliet
- Environmental Systems Analysis Group, Wageningen University & Research, PO Box 47, 6700AA Wageningen, the Netherlands.
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3
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Shi J, Wang X, Chen Z, Mao D, Luo Y. Spatial distribution of two acaricides and five neonicotinoids in beehives and surrounding environments in China. J Hazard Mater 2024; 469:133892. [PMID: 38461662 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Managed bees commonly suffer from cross-contamination with acaricides and neonicotinoids, posing robust threats to bee population health. However, their residual characteristics and spatial distribution in beehives and surrounding environments are poorly understood. This study detected two common acaricides and five neonicotinoids in 240 beehive samples and 44 surrounding environmental samples collected from 25 Chinese provinces. The results showed that 40.0% of the honey samples contained acaricides and 83.1% contained neonicotinoids. Neonicotinoid concentrations in honey were geographically distinguished by the "Hu Huanyong line", and concentrations of neonicotinoids in honey from eastern areas were 2.65-fold higher than those in honey from western areas. Compared to the approved acaricide amitraz, the banned acaricide coumaphos was detected more frequently in honey and was positively correlated with that quantified in the paired pollen samples. Although coumaphos was identified in only three soil samples, lower coumaphos residues in honey might be associated with persistent pollution in the surrounding environment. Conversely, neonicotinoids were detected at higher levels in honey than in the pollen and soil, demonstrating that the neonicotinoid residues in honey have a cumulative effect. This study contributes to a better understanding of the pesticide contamination scenarios that underlie the exposure risks of bees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingliang Shi
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Zeyou Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Daqing Mao
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
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Cortes-Corrales L, Flores JJ, Rosa A, Van der Steen JJM, Vejsnæs F, Roessink I, Martínez-Bueno MJ, Fernández-Alba AR. EVALUATION OF MICROPLASTIC POLLUTION USING BEE COLONIES: AN EXPLORATION OF VARIOUS SAMPLING METHODOLOGIES. Environ Pollut 2024:124046. [PMID: 38677463 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Recent research has highlighted the potential of honeybees and bee products as biological samplers for monitoring xenobiotic pollutants. However, the effectiveness of these biological samplers in tracking microplastics (MPs) has not yet been explored. This study evaluates several methods of sampling MPs, using honeybees, pollen, and a novel in-hive passive sampler named the APITrap. The collected samples were characterized using a stereomicroscopy to count and categorise MPs by morphology, colour, and type. To chemical identification, a micro-Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was employed to determine the polymer types. The study was conducted across four consecutive surveillance programmes, in five different apiaries in Denmark. Our findings indicated that APITrap demonstrated better reproducibility, with a lower variation in results of 39%, compared to 111% for honeybee samples and 97% for pollen samples. Furthermore, the use of APITrap has no negative impact on bees and can be easily applied in successive samplings. The average number of MPs detected in the four monitoring studies ranged from 39 to 67 in the APITrap, 6 to 9 in honeybee samples, and 6 to 11 in pollen samples. Fibres were the most frequently found, accounting for an average of 91% of the total MPs detected in the APITrap, and similar values for fragments (5%) and films (4%). The MPs were predominantly coloured black, blue, green and red. Spectroscopy analysis confirmed the presence of up to five different synthetic polymers. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) was the most common in case of fibres and similarly to polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and polyamide (PA) in non fibrous MPs. This study, based on citizen science and supported by beekeepers, highlights the potencial of MPs to accumulate in beehives. It also shows that the APITrap provides a highly reliable and comprehensive approach for sampling in large-scale monitoring studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Cortes-Corrales
- Chemistry and Physics Department, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), University of Almeria, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Jose Javier Flores
- Chemistry and Physics Department, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), University of Almeria, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Adrian Rosa
- Chemistry and Physics Department, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), University of Almeria, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | | | | | - Ivo Roessink
- Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Jesús Martínez-Bueno
- Chemistry and Physics Department, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), University of Almeria, 04120 Almería, Spain.
| | - Amadeo R Fernández-Alba
- Chemistry and Physics Department, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), University of Almeria, 04120 Almería, Spain
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Mühlmeier G, Polk ML, Tisch M, Cuevas M. [Allergen immunotherapy for rare allergens]. HNO 2024:10.1007/s00106-024-01469-0. [PMID: 38639764 DOI: 10.1007/s00106-024-01469-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Among allergies to aeroallergens, approximately 20% are allotted to the so-called rare allergens. These include ash pollen, weed pollen, storage mites, molds, and animal allergens. The prevalences of allergies to these allergens are lower, but affected patients also suffer considerably from their "rare" allergy. Hence, these allergies should neither be overseen nor completely forgotten in daily practice. Especially mold, mite, and animal allergens often induce asthma, so that the significance of allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) should not be neglected in causal therapy. This work summarizes the current state of knowledge on the groups of rare aeroallergens in terms of characteristics, prevalences, and data on AIT. It is based on a systematic literature search performed in the MEDLINE (PubMed®) and Google Scholar databases. AIT preparations for rare allergens are classified as individual formulations and are not subject to the German Therapy Allergen Ordinance. Due to the low case numbers, the levels of evidence for these formulations are not as high as those for dust mites, grass, or birch pollen, but exhibit good efficacy in practical experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Mühlmeier
- Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Ulm, Oberer Eselsberg 40, 89081, Ulm, Deutschland.
| | - Marie-Luise Polk
- Medizinische Fakultät und Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals‑, Nasen- und Ohrenheilkunde, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307, Dresden, Deutschland
| | - Matthias Tisch
- Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Ulm, Oberer Eselsberg 40, 89081, Ulm, Deutschland
| | - Mandy Cuevas
- Medizinische Fakultät und Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals‑, Nasen- und Ohrenheilkunde, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307, Dresden, Deutschland
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Kim J, Rouadi PW. The relationship of climate change to rhinitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2024:S2213-2198(24)00396-9. [PMID: 38636591 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2024.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Evidence is mounting that climate change is having a significant impact on exacerbations of rhinitis. Concomitantly, the prevalence of allergic rhinitis is increasing at an accelerated rate. We herein explore the impact of carbon dioxide, barometric pressure and humidity changes, anthropogenic pollutants, on aeroallergens and rhinitis hypersensitivity. Important immune mechanisms underlying the climate-driven effects on rhinitis are discussed. Also, climate change is shifting ecological zones and seasons, increasing weather extremes, and altering regional atmospheric and environmental conditions. The direct impact of these factors on promoting allergic and nonallergic rhinitis are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Kim
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Medicine: Allergy and Clinical Immunology.
| | - Philip W Rouadi
- Dar Al Shifa Hospital, Kuwait City, Kuwait, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
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Obata Y, Saito Y, Miyakawa R, Murai T, Nakane K, Iida Y, Moriguchi Y. Discrimination of male-sterility and male-fertility in Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) using near-infrared diffuse transmission spectroscopy. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2024; 315:124243. [PMID: 38613898 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
The increasing demand for pollen-free seedlings of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) has created a need for a simple method to discriminate between male-sterile and male-fertile strobili. The objective of this study was to establish a classification model to quickly and easily distinguish male-sterile and male-fertile strobili in C. japonica using near-infrared (NIR) diffuse transmission spectroscopy. The absorbance spectra of C. japonica were obtained for three different months from December 2022 to February 2023 and preprocessed using three methods: untreated, smoothing, and second derivative. Principal component analysis was applied to the NIR spectra and classification models were built using a support vector machine. The sample collected in January 2023 showed the highest discrimination accuracy of 89.38% with the smoothing preprocessing, which was improved to 89.97% by limiting the wavelengths to the NIR region. Furthermore, discrimination accuracy for independent test data was evaluated by splitting the data into training and testing sets using January 2023 data with smoothing preprocessing. The discrimination accuracy for test data sets was more than 85%, and the misclassification ratio was less than 20% for each sample group. These results indicate the potential of using NIR diffuse transmission spectroscopy to discriminate between male-sterility and fertility in C. japonica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Obata
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, 8050 2-no-cho, Ikarashi, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Yoshito Saito
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, 8050 2-no-cho, Ikarashi, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan.
| | - Riku Miyakawa
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, 8050 2-no-cho, Ikarashi, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Takumi Murai
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, 8050 2-no-cho, Ikarashi, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Kotaro Nakane
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, 8050 2-no-cho, Ikarashi, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Yusuke Iida
- Department of Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Niigata University, 8050 2-no-cho, Ikarashi, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Yoshinari Moriguchi
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, 8050 2-no-cho, Ikarashi, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
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8
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Wang G, Ren Y, Su Y, Zhang H, Li J, Zhao H, Zhang H, Han J. Identification of toxic Gelsemium elegans in processed food and honey based on real-time PCR analysis. Food Res Int 2024; 182:114188. [PMID: 38519193 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Gelsemium elegans (GE) is a widely distributed hypertoxic plant that has caused many food poisoning incidents. Its pollen can also be collected by bees to produce toxic honey, posing a great threat to the health and safety of consumers. However, for the complex matrices such as cooked food and honey, it is challenging to perform composition analysis. It is necessary to establish more effective strategies for investigating GE contamination. In this study, the real-time PCR (qPCR) analysis combined with DNA barcode matK was proposed for the identification and detection of GE. Fifteen honey samples along with twenty-eight individuals of GE and the common confusable objects Lonicera japonica, Ficus hirta, Stellera chamaejasme and Chelidonium majus were gathered. Additionally, the food mixtures treated with 20-min boiling and 30-min digestion were prepared. Specific primers were designed, and the detection capability and sensitivity of qPCR in honey and boiled and digested food matrices were tested. The results demonstrated that the matK sequence with sufficient mutation sites was an effective molecular marker for species differentiation. GE and the confusable species could be clearly classified by the fluorescence signal of qPCR assay with a high sensitivity of 0.001 ng/μl. In addition, this method was successfully employed for the detection of deeply processed food materials and honey containing GE plants which even accounted for only 0.1 %. The sequencing-free qPCR approach undoubtedly can serve as a robust support for the quality supervision of honey industry and the prevention and diagnosis of food poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Ren
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuying Su
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jinfeng Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hongxia Zhao
- Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huixia Zhang
- Agro-Tech Extension Center of Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jianping Han
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Lappe BL, Scovronick N, D’Souza RR, Manangan A, Chang HH, Ebelt S. Associations of pollen and cardiovascular disease morbidity in Atlanta during 1993-2018. Environ Epidemiol 2024; 8:e296. [PMID: 38617427 PMCID: PMC11008638 DOI: 10.1097/ee9.0000000000000296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Pollen exposure is associated with substantial respiratory morbidity, but its potential impact on cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains less understood. This study aimed to investigate the associations between daily levels of 13 pollen types and emergency department (ED) visits for eight CVD outcomes over a 26-year period in Atlanta, GA. Methods We acquired pollen data from Atlanta Allergy & Asthma, a nationally certified pollen counting station, and ED visit data from individual hospitals and the Georgia Hospital Association. We performed time-series analyses using quasi-Poisson distributed lag models, with primary analyses assessing 3-day (lag 0-2 days) pollen levels. Models controlled for temporally varying covariates, including air pollutants. Results During 1993-2018, there were 1,573,968 CVD ED visits. Most pairwise models of the 13 pollen types and eight CVD outcomes showed no association, with a few exceptions potentially due to chance. Conclusion We found limited evidence of the impact of pollen on cardiovascular morbidity in Atlanta. Further study on pollen exposures in different climactic zones and exploration of pollen-pollution mixture effects is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke L. Lappe
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Noah Scovronick
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Rohan R. D’Souza
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Arie Manangan
- Climate and Health Program, Division of Environmental Health Science and Practice, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Howard H. Chang
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Stefanie Ebelt
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
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Wan X, Sun D, Gao C. Flower opening dynamics, pollen-ovule ratio, stigma receptivity and stigmatic pollen germination (in-vivo) in Chaenomeles speciosa (Sweet) Nakai. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7127. [PMID: 38531911 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57655-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Although Chaenomeles is widely used in horticulture, traditional Chinese medicine and landscape greening, insufficient research has hindered its breeding and seed selection. This study investigated the floral phenology, floral organ characteristics, palynology, and breeding systems of Chaenomeles speciosa (Sweet) Nakai. The floral characteristics of C. speciosa were observed both visually and stereoscopically. The microstructures of the flower organs were observed using scanning electron microscopy. Pollen stainability was determined using triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining. Stigma receptivity was determined using the benzidine-H2O2 method and the post-artificial pollination pollen germination method. The breeding system was assessed based on the outcrossing index and pollen-ovule ratio. The flowers of C. speciosa were bisexual with a flowering period from March to April. The flowering periods of single flowers ranged from 8 to 19 d, and those of single plants lasted 18-20 d. The anthers were cylindrical, with the base attached to the filament, and were split longitudinally to release pollen. The flower had five styles, with a connate base. The ovaries had five carpels and five compartments. The inverted ovules were arranged in two rows on the placental axis. The stigma of C. speciosa was dry and had many papillary protrusions. In the early flowering stage (1-2 d of flowering), the pollen exhibited high stainability (up to 84.24%), but all stainability was lost at 7 d of flowering. Storage at - 20 °C effectively delayed pollen inactivation. The stigma receptivity of C. speciosa lasted for approximately 7 days, and the breeding system was classified as outcrossing with partial self-compatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianqin Wan
- Institute for Forest Resources and Environment of Guizhou, Key Laboratory of Forest Cultivation in Plateau Mountain of Guizhou Province, College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Jiaxiu South Road, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Dongchan Sun
- Institute for Forest Resources and Environment of Guizhou, Key Laboratory of Forest Cultivation in Plateau Mountain of Guizhou Province, College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Jiaxiu South Road, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Chao Gao
- Institute for Forest Resources and Environment of Guizhou, Key Laboratory of Forest Cultivation in Plateau Mountain of Guizhou Province, College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Jiaxiu South Road, Guiyang, 550025, China.
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11
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Balmaki B, Rostami MA, Allen JM, Dyer LA. Effects of climate change on Lepidoptera pollen loads and their pollination services in space and time. Oecologia 2024:10.1007/s00442-024-05533-y. [PMID: 38523192 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-024-05533-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Shifts in flowering time among plant communities as a result of climate change, including extreme weather events, are a growing concern. These plant phenological changes may affect the quantity and quality of food sources for specialized insect pollinators. Plant-pollinator interactions are threatened by habitat alterations and biodiversity loss, and changes in these interactions may lead to declines in flower visitors and pollination services. Most prior research has focused on short-term plant-pollinator interactions, which do not accurately capture changes in pollination services. Here, we characterized long-term plant-pollinator interactions and identified potential risks to specialized butterfly species due to habitat loss, fragmented landscapes, and changes in plant assemblages. We used 21 years of historical data from museum specimens to track the potential effects of direct and indirect changes in precipitation, temperature, monsoons, and wildfires on plant-pollinator mutualism in the Great Basin and Sierra Nevada. We found decreased pollen richness associated with butterflies within sites, as well as an increase in pollen grain abundance of drought-tolerant plants, particularly in the past 10 years. Moreover, increased global temperatures and the intensity and frequency of precipitation and wildfires were negatively correlated with pollen diversity. Our findings have important implications for understanding plant-pollinator interactions and the pollination services affected by global warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnaz Balmaki
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA.
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
| | - Masoud A Rostami
- Division of Data Science, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA
| | - Julie M Allen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Lee A Dyer
- Department of Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
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12
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Muto A, Talarico E, D'Apice G, Di Marzo M, Moschin S, Nigris S, Babolin N, Greco E, Araniti F, Chiappetta A, Colombo L, Baldan B, Bruno L. Development of pollinated and unpollinated ovules in Ginkgo biloba: unravelling pollen's role in ovule tissue maturation. J Exp Bot 2024:erae102. [PMID: 38459807 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
In gymnosperms such as Ginkgo biloba, the pollen's arrival plays a key role in ovule development, before fertilization occurs. Accordingly, G. biloba female plants geographically isolated from male plants aborted all their ovules after the pollination drop emission, which is the event that allows the ovule to capture pollen grains. To decipher the mechanism induced by pollination required to avoid ovule senescence and then abortion, we compared the transcriptomic of pollinated and unpollinated ovules at three time points after the end of the emission of pollination drops. Transcriptomic and in situ expression analyses revealed that several key genes involved in programmed cell death such as senescence and apoptosis, DNA replication, and cell cycle were differentially expressed in unpollinated ovules compared to pollinated ones. Interestingly, we provided evidence that the pollen captured by the pollination drop affects auxin local accumulation and might cause the deregulation of key genes required for ovule's programmed cell death and activating both the cell cycle and DNA replication genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Muto
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (DiBEST), University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata of Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Emanuela Talarico
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (DiBEST), University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata of Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Greta D'Apice
- Botanical Garden, University of Padova, 25123 Padova, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Maurizio Di Marzo
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Silvia Moschin
- Botanical Garden, University of Padova, 25123 Padova, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Nigris
- Botanical Garden, University of Padova, 25123 Padova, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Nicola Babolin
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Eleonora Greco
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (DiBEST), University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata of Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Fabrizio Araniti
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences - Production, Landscape, Agroenergy, University of Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Adriana Chiappetta
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (DiBEST), University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata of Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Lucia Colombo
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Barbara Baldan
- Botanical Garden, University of Padova, 25123 Padova, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Leonardo Bruno
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (DiBEST), University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata of Rende (CS), Italy
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13
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Xie YG, Xiao Y, Yu MY, Yang WC. Acyl-CoA synthetase 1 plays an important role on pollen development and male fertility in tomato. Plant Physiol Biochem 2024; 208:108523. [PMID: 38492487 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
The development of pollen is critical to male reproduction in flowering plants. Acyl-CoA synthetase (ACOS) genes play conserved functions in regulating pollen development in various plants. Our previous work found that knockout of the SlACOS1 gene in tomato might decrease fruit setting. The current study further revealed that SlACOS1 was important to pollen development and male fertility. The SlACOS1 gene was preferentially expressed in the stamen of the flower with the highest expression at the tetrad stage of anther development. Mutation of the SlACOS1 gene by the CRISPR/Cas9-editing system reduced pollen number and viability as well as fruit setting. The tapetum layer exhibited premature degradation and the pollen showed abnormal development appearing irregular, shriveled, or anucleate in Slacos1 mutants at the tetrad stage. The fatty acid metabolism in anthers was significantly impacted by mutation of the SlACOS1 gene. Furthermore, targeted fatty acids profiling using GC-MS found that contents of most fatty acids except C18:1 and C18:2 were reduced. Yeast complementation assay demonstrated that the substrate preferences of SlACOS1 were C16:0 and C18:0 fatty acids. Male fertility of Slacos1 mutant could be slightly restored by applying exogenous palmitic acid, a type of C16:0 fatty acid. Taken together, SlACOS1 played important roles on pollen development and male fertility by regulating the fatty acid metabolism and the development of tapetum and tetrad. Our findings will facilitate unraveling the mechanism of pollen development and male fertility in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Ge Xie
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, Department of Vegetable Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yao Xiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, Department of Vegetable Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Root and Tuber Crops Biology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Meng-Yi Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, Department of Vegetable Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wen-Cai Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, Department of Vegetable Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, 100193, China.
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14
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Ponvert N, Johnson MA. Synergid cell calcium oscillations refine understanding of FERONIA/LORELEI signaling during interspecific hybridization. Plant Reprod 2024; 37:57-68. [PMID: 37934279 PMCID: PMC10879309 DOI: 10.1007/s00497-023-00483-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Pollen tubes from closely related species and mutants lacking pollen tube MYB transcription factors are able to initiate FER/LRE-dependent synergid cell calcium oscillations. Reproductive isolation leads to the evolution of new species; however, the molecular mechanisms that maintain reproductive barriers between sympatric species are not well defined. In flowering plants, sperm cells are immotile and are delivered to female gametes by the pollen grain. After landing on the stigmatic surface, the pollen grain germinates a polarized extension, the pollen tube, into floral tissue. After growing via polar extension to the female gametes and shuttling its cargo of sperm cells through its cytoplasm, the pollen tube signals its arrival and identity to synergid cells that flank the egg. If signaling is successful, the pollen tube and receptive synergid cell burst, and sperm cells are released for fusion with female gametes. To better understand cell-cell recognition during reproduction and how reproductive barriers are maintained between closely related species, pollen tube-initiated synergid cell calcium ion dynamics were examined during interspecific crosses. It was observed that interspecific pollen tubes successfully trigger synergid cell calcium oscillations-a hallmark of reproductive success-but signaling fails downstream of key signaling genes and sperm are not released. This work further defines pollen tube-synergid cell signaling as a critical block to interspecific hybridization and suggests that the FERONIA/LORELEI signaling mechanism plays multiple parallel roles during pollen tube reception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel Ponvert
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Mark A Johnson
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.
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15
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Huang Z, Li A, Zhu H, Pan J, Xiao J, Wu J, Han Y, Zhong L, Sun X, Wang L, Hu L, Wang C, Ma X, Qiao Z, Zhang M, Yuan L, Liu X, Tang J, Li Y, Yu H, Zheng Z, Sun B. Multicenter study of seasonal and regional airborne allergens in Chinese preschoolers with allergic rhinitis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4754. [PMID: 38413689 PMCID: PMC10899184 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54574-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
This study is nationwide multicenter epidemiological research, aimed at investigating the distribution changes and seasonal patterns of various airborne allergens among preschool children with allergic rhinitis (AR) in different regions of China, and analyzing the clinical correlation between sensitization to various airborne allergens and AR symptoms in children. Information on children was collected through standard questionnaires, and total IgE (tIgE) and specific IgE (sIgE) for 11 inhalant allergens were tested. The results showed that dust mites are the primary allergens for preschool AR children (39%). Among pollen allergens, Amb a had the highest positivity rate (8.1%), followed by Art v (7.8%). The sensitization rates for two mites peaked in May (46.9% and 40.6%). Art v peaked in August (21.5%), while Amb a had peaks in May (12.7%) and August (17.8%). The sensitization peaks for various tree pollens mainly occurred in August. In the Eastern monsoon region, the sensitization rate to mites was significantly higher than in the Northwest arid and semi-arid regions; whereas, for pollen allergens, the sensitization rates to Amb a, Pla a, Pin a, Pop d, and Bet v were significantly higher in the Northwest arid and semi-arid regions than in the Eastern monsoon region. The correlation among various tree pollens, specifically between Pla a, Pin r, Pop d, and Bet v was strong (0.63 ~ 0.79), with a cross-overlapping percentage of 53.9%. Children with multiple pollen sensitizations had higher cumulative nasal symptom scores than those negative for pollen (P < 0.01). Children with only pollen sensitization had higher cumulative rhinitis symptom scores than the all-negative group (P < 0.0001) and the mite-only sensitization group [P < 0.05], while the mite-only sensitization group also had higher scores than the all-negative group [P < 0.05], and the group sensitized to both pollen and mites had lower scores than the pollen-only group [P < 0.05]. This study indicates that sensitization to mites and grass pollens exhibits significant regional differences, with grass pollen allergies primarily occurring in autumn, sensitization to pollens in general exhibits a pronounced seasonal pattern. Moreover, pollen sensitization aggravates nasal and ocular symptoms in AR children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aoli Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huiqing Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junxiu Pan
- Department of Child Allergy, Chenzhou First People's Hospital, Chenzhou, China
| | - Jun Xiao
- Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Changji City, Changji, China
| | - Jiang Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Huangshi Maternity and Children's Health Hospital, Huangshi, China
| | - Yumin Han
- Department of Allergic Reaction, Dongchangfu Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Lili Zhong
- Pediatric Medical Center, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Xuhui Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Yunnan Diannan Central Hospital, Honghe, China
| | - Liang Hu
- Allergy Center, Changchun Children's Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Cuihua Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze, China
| | - Xingkai Ma
- Department of Otolaryngology, Zhangjiagang First People's Hospital, Zhangjiagang, China
| | - Zaixia Qiao
- Pediatric Respiratory and Critical Care, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Dezhou Hospital, Dezhou, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Dermatology, Liuzhou Municipal Liutie Central Hospital, Liuzhou, China
| | - Ling Yuan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing Youyou Baby Women and Children's Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Liuzhou Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Liuzhou, China
| | - Jun Tang
- Otolaryngology Department of the First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Yue Li
- Respiratory Department of Dalian Women and Children's Hospital Center, Dalian, China
| | - Hong Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhaobing Zheng
- Pediatrics Department, Huantai County People's Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - Baoqing Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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16
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Nassar AMK, Salim YM, Nour-Eldeen E, Younis MS, Kelany MM, Shebl MA, Shafey AS, Abou-Shaara HF. Seasonal screening of pesticide residues in beehive products collected from different districts in Egypt. Environ Monit Assess 2024; 196:297. [PMID: 38388839 PMCID: PMC10884052 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12451-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Pesticides are of immense importance in agriculture, but they might contaminate bees' products. In this study, samples of honey, pollen, and beeswax were collected, seasonally, from apiaries in Toshka (Aswan), El-Noubariya (El-Beheira), and Ismailia (Ismailia) cities in Egypt. The pesticide residues were analyzed using the GC-MS after being extracted and cleaned using the QuEChERS method. Results showed that samples from El-Noubariya had great content of residues followed by Ismailia, and finally Toshka. Samples collected during fall and winter had the highest pesticide residue contents. Specifically, the phenylconazole fungicide group was repeatedly detected in all the examined samples along with organophosphate insecticides. Beeswax samples had the greatest amounts of pesticide residues followed by pollen and then honey samples. Chlorpyrifos (0.07-39.16 ng/g) and profenofos (1.94-17.00 ng/g) were detected in honey samples and their products. Pyriproxyfen (57.12 ng/g) and chlorpyrifos-methyl (39.16 ng/g) were detected in great amounts in beeswax samples from Ismailia and El-Noubariya, respectively. Yet, according to health hazard and quotient studies, the amounts of pesticides detected in honey do not pose any health threats to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atef M K Nassar
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, P.O. Box 22516, Damanhour, Egypt.
| | - Yehia M Salim
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, P.O. Box 22516, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Eman Nour-Eldeen
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, P.O. Box 22516, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Younis
- Bee Research Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M Kelany
- Plant Protection Department, Desert Research Center, Elamriya, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Shebl
- Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Abdallah S Shafey
- Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Hossam F Abou-Shaara
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, P.O. Box 22516, Damanhour, Egypt
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17
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Sousa-Pinto B, Palamarchuk Y, Leemann L, Jankin S, Basagaña X, Ballester J, Bedbrook A, Czarlewski W, Almeida R, Haahtela T, Haveri H, Prass M, Henriques T, Vieira RJ, Klimek L, Ollert M, Shamji MH, Jutel M, Del Giacco S, Torres MJ, Zuberbier T, Fonseca JA, Sofiev M, Anto JM, Bousquet J. From MASK-air and SILAM to CATALYSE (Climate Action To Advance HeaLthY Societies in Europe). J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2024; 34:12-19. [PMID: 37498647 DOI: 10.18176/jiaci.0923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant species vary under different climatic conditions and the distribution of pollen in the air. Trends in pollen distribution can be used to assess the impact of climate change on public health. In 2015, the Mobile Airways Sentinel networK for rhinitis and asthma (MASK-air®) was launched as a project of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing (EIP-on-AHA, DG Santé and DG CONNECT). This project aimed to develop a warning system to inform patients about the onset of the pollen season, namely, the System for Integrated modeLling of Atmospheric coMposition (SILAM). A global-to-meso-scale dispersion model was developed by the Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI). It provides quantitative information on atmospheric pollution of anthropogenic and natural origins, particularly on allergenic pollens. Impact of Air Pollution on Asthma and Rhinitis (POLLAR, EIT Health) has combined MASK-air clinical data with SILAM forecasts. A new Horizon Europe grant (Climate Action to Advance HeaLthY Societies in Europe [CATALYSE]; grant agreement number 101057131), which came into force in September 2022, aims to improve our understanding of climate change and help us find ways to counteractit. One objective of this project is to develop early warning systems and predictive models to improve the effectiveness of strategies for adapting to climate change. One of the warning systems is focused on allergic rhinitis (CATALYSE Task 3.2), with a collaboration between the FMI (Finland), Porto University (Portugal), MASK-air SAS (France), ISGlobal (Spain), Hertie School (Germany), and the University of Zurich (Switzerland). It is to be implemented with the support of the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. This paper reports the planning of CATALYSE Task 3.2.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Sousa-Pinto
- MEDCIDS - Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE - Center for Health Technology and Services Research, Health Research Network, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Y Palamarchuk
- Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), Helsinki, Finland
| | - L Leemann
- Department of Political Science, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - S Jankin
- Data Science Lab, Hertie School, Berlin, Germany
| | - X Basagaña
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Ballester
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - W Czarlewski
- MASK-air SAS, Montpellier, France
- Medical Consulting Czarlewski, Levallois, France
| | - R Almeida
- MEDCIDS - Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE - Center for Health Technology and Services Research, Health Research Network, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Medical Consulting Czarlewski, Levallois, France
| | - T Haahtela
- Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - H Haveri
- Health and Hospital Care Services, Wellbeing services county of Päijät-Häme, Lahti, Finland
| | - M Prass
- Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Lahti, Finland
- Coordination Unit, Lahti University Campus, Lahti, Finland
| | - T Henriques
- MEDCIDS - Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE - Center for Health Technology and Services Research, Health Research Network, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - R J Vieira
- MEDCIDS - Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE - Center for Health Technology and Services Research, Health Research Network, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - L Klimek
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Germany
- Center for Rhinology and Allergology, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - M Ollert
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis (ORCA), Odense, Denmark
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - M H Shamji
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
- NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - M Jutel
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Wrocław Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
- ALL-MED Medical Research Institute, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - S Del Giacco
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health and Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital "Duilio Casula", University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - M J Torres
- Allergy Unit, Regional University Hospital of Malaga, Malaga University, ARADyAL, Malaga, Spain
| | - T Zuberbier
- Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany
| | - J A Fonseca
- MEDCIDS - Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE - Center for Health Technology and Services Research, Health Research Network, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - M Sofiev
- Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), Helsinki, Finland
| | - J M Anto
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Bousquet
- MASK-air SAS, Montpellier, France
- Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany
- University Hospital Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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18
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Zhu M, Peng Y, Gao J, Ren R, Wan Y, Liu Y. Exploring the relationship between pollen viability and inclusion in Paeonia lactiflora after cryopreservation. Cryobiology 2024; 115:104867. [PMID: 38387753 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2024.104867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Pollen, as the male gametophyte, carries half of plant genetic information and is an important source of germplasm. The cryopreservation of pollen can not only preserve germplasm, but also solve the problem of time and space barrier in crossbreeding. So it is of great significance to explore the mechanism of pollen viability maintenance after cryopreservation. In this paper, 10 cultivars of Paeonia lactiflora with different fresh pollen viability that did not change after cryopreservation were taken as objects and the effects of pollen inclusions such as soluble sugar, starch, soluble protein, free amino acids, and proline were explored. The results showed that: (1) The contents of pollen inclusions in the fresh pollen of 10 cultivars were different. After cryopreservation, the contents of starch and free amino acids significantly decreased in 10 cultivars, and the soluble sugar, soluble protein, and proline varied with cultivars. (2) Correlation analysis showed that fresh pollen viability was significantly positively correlated with the soluble sugar (R-values of 0.630) and starch content (R-values of 0.694) in fresh pollen. But after cryopreservation pollen viability was only significantly positively correlated with the starch content (R-values of 0.725). These results suggest that the effects of pollen inclusions on pollen vitality are different before and after cryopreservation. The fresh pollen with higher soluble sugar and starch is more vital. But after cryopreservation, the pollen with high starch content has higher viability. The maintenance of stable pollen viability after cryopreservation appears to be related to starch content or starch metabolism, which requires further to study for a final determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengting Zhu
- School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Ying Peng
- School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Jianzhou Gao
- School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Ruifen Ren
- School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Yingling Wan
- School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing, 100083, China.
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Tegart LJ, Schiro G, Dickinson JL, Green BJ, Barberán A, Marthick JR, Bissett A, Johnston FH, Jones PJ. Decrypting seasonal patterns of key pollen taxa in cool temperate Australia: A multi-barcode metabarcoding analysis. Environ Res 2024; 243:117808. [PMID: 38043901 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Pollen allergies pose a considerable global public health concern. Allergy risk can vary significantly within plant families, yet some key pollen allergens can only be identified to family level by current optical methods. Pollen information with greater taxonomic resolution is therefore required to best support allergy prevention and self-management. We used environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding to deepen taxonomic insights into the seasonal composition of airborne pollen in cool temperate Australia, a region with high rates of allergic respiratory disease. In Hobart, Tasmania, we collected routine weekly air samples from December 2018 until October 2020 and sequenced the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) and chloroplastic tRNA-Leucine tRNA-Phenylalanine intergenic spacer (trnL-trnF) regions in order to address the following questions: a) What is the genus-level diversity of known and potential aeroallergens in Hobart, in particular, in the families Poaceae, Cupressaceae and Myrtaceae? b) How do the atmospheric concentrations of these taxa change over time, and c) Does trnL-trnF enhance resolution of biodiversity when used in addition to ITS2? Our results suggest that individuals in the region are exposed to temperate grasses including Poa and Bromus in the peak grass pollen season, however low levels of exposure to the subtropical grass Cynodon may occur in autumn and winter. Within Cupressaceae, both metabarcodes showed that exposure is predominantly to pollen from the introduced genera Cupressus and Juniperus. Only ITS2 detected the native genus, Callitris. Both metabarcodes detected Eucalyptus as the major Myrtaceae genus, with trnL-trnF exhibiting primer bias for this family. These findings help refine our understanding of allergy triggers in Tasmania and highlight the utility of multiple metabarcodes in aerobiome studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lachlan J Tegart
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia.
| | - Gabriele Schiro
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, United States.
| | - Joanne L Dickinson
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia.
| | - Brett J Green
- Office of the Director, Health Effects Laboratory Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, 26505, United States.
| | - Albert Barberán
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, United States.
| | - James R Marthick
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia.
| | - Andrew Bissett
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Hobart, TAS, Australia.
| | - Fay H Johnston
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia; Public Health Services, Department of Health, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia.
| | - Penelope J Jones
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia.
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20
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Trentalange A, Renzi M, Michelozzi P, Guizzi M, Solimini AG. Association between air pollution and emergency room admission for eye diseases in Rome, Italy: A time-series analysis. Environ Pollut 2024; 343:123279. [PMID: 38160774 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Eye diseases impose a significant burden on health services due to high case numbers. However, exposure to outdoor air pollution is seldom mentioned as potential harmful factor. We conducted a time-series analysis in Rome, Italy, to estimate the association between daily mean concentration of NO2, PM10 and PM2.5 and daily number of emergency room (ER) admissions for a selected cluster of eye diseases from 2006 to 2016. We used Poisson regression adjusted for time trend, population decrease during summer vacations and holidays, day of week, apparent temperature (hot and cold) and daily concentration of nine pollen species. We observed 581,868 ER admissions during the study period. 44.74% of cases were observed in subjects with less than 20 years, 19.50% in 51-65 age category and 13.4% among children (0-14 years). No differences between sexes were recorded. Mean values of pollutant concentrations were 54.75, 31.01 and 18.14 μg/m3 for NO2, PM10 and PM2.5 respectively. The air temperature ranged from -1 °C to 32.5 °C, with a mean value of 16 °C (SD = 6.88). The apparent temperature spaced from -3.58 °C to 34.08 °C (mean = 15.61 °C, SD = 8.5). The highest percent risk increases for 10 μg/m3 increases of the three pollutants were observed at lag0-1 day (1.3%, 0.63-1.98 for PM2.5; 1.03%, 0.56-1.51 for PM10 and 0.6%, 0.13-1.07 for NO2). Risk increased significantly also at lag0 and lag0-5 day for each pollutant. Secondary analyses showed higher effects in the elderly compared to younger subjects. No differences emerged between sexes. The dose response analysis suggested of possible effects on ER admission risk also at low-level concentrations of PM2.5. A strong confounding effect of pollen was not detected. RESULTS: of this study are coherent with previous analyses. Speculation can be done about the biological mechanisms that link air pollution to eye damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matteo Renzi
- Department of Epidemiology, Health Authority Service, ASL Rome 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Michelozzi
- Department of Epidemiology, Health Authority Service, ASL Rome 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Guizzi
- ASL RM5, UOC Oculistica, Ospedale San Giovanni Evangelista, Tivoli, (RM), Italy
| | - Angelo Giuseppe Solimini
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
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21
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Liu A, Sheng W, Tang X. Atmospheric pollen concentrations and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients visits in Beijing: time series analysis using a generalized additive model. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3462. [PMID: 38342942 PMCID: PMC10859374 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54055-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024] Open
Abstract
To investigate the correlation between the daily visits of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients in hospital clinic and pollen concentrations in Beijing. We collected daily visits of COPD patients of Beijing Shijitan Hospital from April 1st, 2019 to September 30th, 2019. The relationship between pollen concentrations and COPD patient number was analyzed with meteorological factors, time trend, day of the week effect and holiday effect being controlled by the generalized additive model of time series analysis. R4.1.2 software was applied to generate Spearman correlation coefficient, specific and incremental cumulative effect curves of relative risks as well as the response and three-dimensional diagrams for the exposure lag effect prediction. The fitting models were used to predict the lag relative risk and 95% confidence intervals for specific and incremental cumulative effects of specific pollen concentrations. The number of COPD patients was positively correlated with pollen concentration. When pollen concentration increased by 10 grains/1000 mm2, the peak value of the specific cumulative effect appeared on day0, with the effect gone on day4 and a lag time of 4 days observed, whereas the incremental cumulative effect's peak value was shown on day17, and the effect disappeared on day18, with a lag time of 18 days. The results showed that pollen concentration was not only positively correlated with the number of COPD patients, but also had a bimodal lag effect on COPD visits in the hospital at Beijing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aizhu Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Weixuan Sheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Xianshi Tang
- Key Laboratory of National Health Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, 214064, China.
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22
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Hirano T, Murata M, Watarikawa Y, Hoshino Y, Abe T, Kunitake H. Distinctive development of embryo and endosperm caused by male gametes irradiated with carbon-ion beam. Plant Reprod 2024:10.1007/s00497-024-00496-9. [PMID: 38332356 DOI: 10.1007/s00497-024-00496-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE In Cyrtanthus mackenii, development of embryo and endosperm were differentially affected by fertilization of male gametes with DNA damage and mutations. Pollen irradiation with ionizing radiations has been applied in plant breeding and genetic research, and haploid plant induction has mainly been performed by male inactivation with high-dose irradiation. However, the fertilization process of irradiated male gametes and the early development of embryo and endosperm have not received much attention. Heavy-ion beams, a type of radiation, have been widely applied as effective mutagens for plants and show a high mutation rate even at low-dose irradiation. In this study, we analyzed the effects of male gametes of Cyrtanthus mackenii irradiated with a carbon-ion beam at low doses on fertilization. In immature seeds derived from the pollination of irradiated pollen grains, two types of embryo sacs were observed: embryo sac with a normally developed embryo and endosperm and embryo sac with an egg cell or an undivided zygote and an endosperm. Abnormalities in chromosome segregation, such as chromosomal bridges, were observed only in the endosperm nuclei, irrespective of the presence or absence of embryogenesis. Therefore, in Cyrtanthus, embryogenesis is strongly affected by DNA damage or mutations in male gametes. Moreover, various DNA contents were detected in the embryo and endosperm nuclei, and endoreduplication may have occurred in the endosperm nuclei. As carbon-ion irradiation causes chromosomal rearrangements even at low doses, pollen irradiation can be an interesting tool for studying double fertilization and mutation heritability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomonari Hirano
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen-Kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan.
- Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
| | - Muneaki Murata
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen-Kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan
| | - Yurie Watarikawa
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen-Kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Hoshino
- Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Kita 11, Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0811, Japan
| | - Tomoko Abe
- Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hisato Kunitake
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen-Kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan
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23
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Sandbhor A, Jain S, Deshmukh P, Gaurkar S, Murali M, Hande V, Dash M. Pattern and Severity of Allergic Rhinitis Correlated with Patient Characteristics: A Rural Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2024; 76:514-522. [PMID: 38440661 PMCID: PMC10908928 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-023-04198-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Allergic Rhinitis (AR) is rising in incidence in both developed and developing countries. Genetics and epigenetics have a potential role to play. The pattern and severity of AR have implications with regard to choice of treatment, which itself could be related to patient specific genetic and epigenetic factors. Hence, the present study was undertaken to correlate the patient characteristics with AR pattern and severity, in order to understand the pathophysiology of AR. The study also aimed to find out the allergen sensitivity pattern among patients attending a tertiary care centre of rural central India, where climatic variations make it a high prevalence zone. Prospective Observational study on 90 patients with clinically diagnosed Allergic Rhinitis confirmed by Skin Prick Tests. Patient characteristics like demographic data, data relevant to allergen exposure, occupation, family history of atopy and gender; and Disease characteristics like severity (mild, mod-severe), pattern (continuous/ intermittent), type of disease (seasonal/perennial) were noted, analysed and correlation studied. Majority of the patients with AR were in the age group of 15-40 years. Medical students (52%) suffered from moderate to severe type of Allergic Rhinitis, with Persistent disease in approximately 80%. Similarly, 70.59% of farmers had moderate to severe type of the disease, with persistent disease in 70%. In the present study, in clinically diagnosed allergic rhinitis patients, Mite was the commonest allergen found on Skin Prick Test overall and in Medical students, whereas Pollen sensitivity was more common among farmers. 56.66% of the patients had negative family history of atopy. Severity and type of AR depend on allergen exposure. In farmers and medical professionals, persistent and moderate to severe type of disease was more common, as they were persistently exposed to different type of allergens, mites in case of medical professionals and pollens in farmers. Hence, the Disease characteristics, as defined by ARIA guidelines, should not be taken in isolation and management should consider the Patient characteristics for deciding and devising protocols. In the present study, more than 50% patients were without family history of atopy. Hence, the role of various environmental factors, leading to epigenetic changes could be a major contributor in the increase in incidence of allergic rhinitis in recent times. Occurrence of perennial moderate to severe form of disease, in majority of farmers, defies the phenomenon of "Hygiene Hypothesis", focusing on the role of epigenetic changes and various outdoor allergens in the development of allergic rhinitis in them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajinkya Sandbhor
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Symbiosis Medical College for Women, Pune, Maharashtra 412115 India
| | - Shraddha Jain
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Symbiosis Medical College for Women, Pune, Maharashtra 412115 India
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jawahar Lal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Sawangi(M), Wardha, Maharashtra 442005 India
| | - Prasad Deshmukh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jawahar Lal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Sawangi(M), Wardha, Maharashtra 442005 India
| | - Sagar Gaurkar
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jawahar Lal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Sawangi(M), Wardha, Maharashtra 442005 India
| | - Mithula Murali
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jawahar Lal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Sawangi(M), Wardha, Maharashtra 442005 India
| | - Vaidehi Hande
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jawahar Lal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Sawangi(M), Wardha, Maharashtra 442005 India
| | - Manisha Dash
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jawahar Lal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Sawangi(M), Wardha, Maharashtra 442005 India
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24
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Choi YJ, Oh JW. The Impact of Climate Change on the Sporulation of Atmospheric Fungi. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am 2024; 44:45-54. [PMID: 37973259 DOI: 10.1016/j.iac.2023.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The U.S. Global Change Research Program, Fourth National Climate Assessment reports that it is extremely likely that human activities, especially emissions of greenhouse gases, are the dominant cause of the observed warming since the mid-20th century. There are no convincing alternative explanations supported by observational evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Jin Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea; Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, 153 Gyungchun-Ro, Guri, Gyunggi-Do 11923, Korea
| | - Jae-Won Oh
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea; Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, 153 Gyungchun-Ro, Guri, Gyunggi-Do 11923, Korea.
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25
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Cai L, Zhao C, Cao X, Lu M, Li N, Luo Y, Wang Y, Zhao Y. Chinese herb pollen derived micromotors as active oral drug delivery system for gastric ulcer treatment. Bioact Mater 2024; 32:28-36. [PMID: 37790918 PMCID: PMC10542601 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Considerable efforts have been devoted to treating gastric ulcers. Attempts in this field tend to develop drug delivery systems with prolonged gastric retention time. Herein, we develop novel Chinese herb pollen-derived micromotors as active oral drug delivery system for treating gastric ulcer. Such Chinese herb pollen-derived micromotors are simply produced by asymmetrically sputtering Mg layer onto one side of pollen grains. When exposed to gastric juice, the Mg layer can react with the hydrogen ions, resulting in intensive generation of hydrogen bubbles to propel the micromotors. Benefiting from the autonomous motion and unique spiny structure, our micromotors can move actively in the stomach and adhere to the surrounding tissues. Besides, their special architecture endows the micromotors with salient capacity of drug loading and releasing. Based on these features, we have demonstrated that our Chinese herb pollen-derived micromotors could effective deliver berberine hydrochloride and show desirable curative effect on the gastric ulcer model of mice. Therefore, these Chinese herb pollen-derived micromotors are anticipated to serve as promising oral drug delivery carriers for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Cai
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Cheng Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Xinyue Cao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Minhui Lu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Yuan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yongan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yuanjin Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
- Southeast University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518071, China
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26
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San Martin G, Hautier L, Mingeot D, Dubois B. How reliable is metabarcoding for pollen identification? An evaluation of different taxonomic assignment strategies by cross-validation. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16567. [PMID: 38313030 PMCID: PMC10838070 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabarcoding is a powerful tool, increasingly used in many disciplines of environmental sciences. However, to assign a taxon to a DNA sequence, bioinformaticians need to choose between different strategies or parameter values and these choices sometimes seem rather arbitrary. In this work, we present a case study on ITS2 and rbcL databases used to identify pollen collected by bees in Belgium. We blasted a random sample of sequences from the reference database against the remainder of the database using different strategies and compared the known taxonomy with the predicted one. This in silico cross-validation (CV) approach proved to be an easy yet powerful way to (1) assess the relative accuracy of taxonomic predictions, (2) define rules to discard dubious taxonomic assignments and (3) provide a more objective basis to choose the best strategy. We obtained the best results with the best blast hit (best bit score) rather than by selecting the majority taxon from the top 10 hits. The predictions were further improved by favouring the most frequent taxon among those with tied best bit scores. We obtained better results with databases containing the full sequences available on NCBI rather than restricting the sequences to the region amplified by the primers chosen in our study. Leaked CV showed that when the true sequence is present in the database, blast might still struggle to match the right taxon at the species level, particularly with rbcL. Classical 10-fold CV-where the true sequence is removed from the database-offers a different yet more realistic view of the true error rates. Taxonomic predictions with this approach worked well up to the genus level, particularly for ITS2 (5-7% of errors). Using a database containing only the local flora of Belgium did not improve the predictions up to the genus level for local species and made them worse for foreign species. At the species level, using a database containing exclusively local species improved the predictions for local species by ∼12% but the error rate remained rather high: 25% for ITS2 and 42% for rbcL. Foreign species performed worse even when using a world database (59-79% of errors). We used classification trees and GLMs to model the % of errors vs. identity and consensus scores and determine appropriate thresholds below which the taxonomic assignment should be discarded. This resulted in a significant reduction in prediction errors, but at the cost of a much higher proportion of unassigned sequences. Despite this stringent filtering, at least 1/5 sequences deemed suitable for species-level identification ultimately proved to be misidentified. An examination of the variability in prediction accuracy between plant families showed that rbcL outperformed ITS2 for only two of the 27 families examined, and that the % correct species-level assignments were much better for some families (e.g. 95% for Sapindaceae) than for others (e.g. 35% for Salicaceae).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilles San Martin
- Life Sciences Department, Plant and Forest Health Unit, Walloon Agricultural Research Centre, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Louis Hautier
- Life Sciences Department, Plant and Forest Health Unit, Walloon Agricultural Research Centre, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Dominique Mingeot
- Life Sciences Department, Bioengineering Unit, Walloon Agricultural Research Centre, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Benjamin Dubois
- Life Sciences Department, Bioengineering Unit, Walloon Agricultural Research Centre, Gembloux, Belgium
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Kiljanek T. Application of 3D-printed pollen traps as a useful tool for exposure and risk assessment of pesticide residues on bumblebees. Chemosphere 2024; 348:140748. [PMID: 37992905 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
The study was designed to test the feasibility of using 3D-printed pollen traps for long-term monitoring of Bombus terrestris colonies' exposure to pesticide residues in pollen loads collected by them, along with an assessment of the resulting risks to the bumblebee's adults, larvae, and queens. Bumblebee colonies were placed in the vicinity of flowering orchards, winter oilseed rape, allotments, or home gardens for 6 weeks of the experiment. Pollen traps printed in 3D technology were installed in the hive inlets. The weight of bumblebee pollen loads obtained using pollen traps was in the range of 0.036-5.83 g. Pollen load samples were analyzed for residues of up to 261 pesticides and their metabolites by liquid and gas chromatography techniques coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS). Residues of 18 fungicides, 12 herbicides, 6 insecticides, and an acaricide were detected. Herbicide - pendimethalin, fungicide - thiophanate-methyl, and insecticide - chlorpyrifos-ethyl were the most commonly detected pesticides. Chlorpyrifos and thiacloprid residues were detected in pollen load samples in the next year after their ban from use as plant protection products in the European Union. The risk of acute or chronic effects was assessed as negligible or low, although the chronic risk of bumblebee queens to insecticide chlorpyrifos and the acute risk of larvae exposed to acaricide fenpyroximate could be interpreted as moderate. The risk of sublethal effects related to chronic exposure of adult bumblebees and queens to pollen loads contaminated by chlorpyrifos-ethyl and cypermethrin cannot be excluded. The risk of chronic toxicity or sublethal effects may be particularly relevant for bumblebee queens, especially during their foraging in the initial period of establishing a new colony.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Kiljanek
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Aleja Partyzantów 57, 24-100, Pulawy, Poland.
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28
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Sio YY, Victoria Nanong GA, Lim JA, Matta SA, Say YH, Teh KF, Wong YR, Rawanan Shah SM, Reginald K, Chew FT. Sensitization to oil palm pollen associates with risks and severity of allergic diseases. World Allergy Organ J 2024; 17:100853. [PMID: 38235258 PMCID: PMC10792632 DOI: 10.1016/j.waojou.2023.100853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Elaeis guineensis (Ela g, oil palm) pollen is one of the most predominant species of inhalant allergens in the tropical Southeast Asia region; however, its association with the manifestation of allergic diseases remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to determine the sensitization pattern of oil palm pollen and associate this with the risk and severity of allergic diseases. Methods Participants were recruited as a part of the Singapore and Malaysia cross-sectional genetic and epidemiological study (SMCSGES). Two independent cohorts were recruited: n = 564 serum samples were collected and serological assessment was performed against a panel of 16 crude inhalant allergens including house dust mite, pet, insect, pollen, and fungal allergens; n = 13 652 Singapore/Malaysia Chinese young adults were recruited and skin prick test was used to assess oil palm sensitization, which was tested for its association with the risk and severity of asthma, allergic rhinitis (AR), and atopic dermatitis (AD). Results The sensitization rate of oil palm pollen is 9.6% in the n = 564 Singapore/Malaysia cohort. In the n = 13 652 Singapore/Malaysia Chinese cohort, oil palm sensitization significantly associates with increased risks of asthma (p = 1.34x10-4), AR (p = 2.91x10-13), and AD (p = 6.95x10-7). Asthmatic patients with oil palm sensitization have increased risks of wheezing (p = 0.00995), nocturnal cough (p = 0.0122), and exacerbations (p = 0.00139) in the past 12 months. AR patients with oil palm sensitization also have an increased risk of developing moderate-to-severe symptoms (p = 0.00113). Conclusions We have identified significant associations of oil palm sensitization with increased risks, exacerbations, and the severity of symptoms of allergic diseases in the tropical Southeast Asian region (Singapore/Malaysia).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yie Sio
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Jie Ann Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sri Anusha Matta
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yee-How Say
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR) Kampar Campus, Kampar, Perak, Malaysia
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Malaysia
| | - Keng Foo Teh
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Malaysia
| | - Yi Ru Wong
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Malaysia
| | - Smyrna Moti Rawanan Shah
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Malaysia
| | - Kavita Reginald
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Malaysia
| | - Fook Tim Chew
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Valipour Shokouhi B, de Hoogh K, Gehrig R, Eeftens M. Estimation of historical daily airborne pollen concentrations across Switzerland using a spatio temporal random forest model. Sci Total Environ 2024; 906:167286. [PMID: 37742957 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
High concentrations of airborne pollen trigger seasonal allergies and possibly more severe adverse respiratory and cardiovascular health events. Predicting pollen concentration accurately is valuable for epidemiological studies, in order to study the effects of pollen exposure. We aimed to develop a spatiotemporal machine learning model predicting daily pollen concentrations at a spatial resolution of 1 × 1 km across Switzerland between 2000 and 2019. Daily pollen concentrations for five common, highly allergenic pollen types (hazel, alder, birch ash, and grasses) were available from fourteen measurement sites across Switzerland. We considered several predictors such as elevation, species distribution, wind speed, wind direction, temperature, precipitation, relative humidity, satellite-observed Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, and land-use (CORINE, Landsat satellite) to explain variation in pollen concentration. We employed feature engineering techniques to encode categorical variables and fill in missing values. We applied a random forest machine learning model with 5-fold cross-validation. The 5th-99th percentiles for concentrations of hazel, alder, birch, ash, and grass pollen at the pollen monitoring stations were 0-298, 0-306, 0-1153, 0-800, and 0-290 pollen grains/m3, respectively. The results of a predictive model for these concentrations yielded overall R2 values of 0.87, 0.84, 0.89, 0.88, and 0.91, and temporal root mean squared errors (RMSEs) of 16.07, 16.72, 69.04, 41.50, and 22.45 pollen grains/m3. An analysis of predictor variable importance indicates that the average national daily pollen concentration is the most important predictor of pollen concentrations for all pollen types. Furthermore, meteorological variables including temperature, total precipitation, humidity, boundary layer height, wind speed, and wind direction, as well as date and satellite features, are important factors in pollen concentration prediction. These spatiotemporal pollen models will serve to estimate individual residential pollen exposure for epidemiological studies. Resulting estimates will enable us to study respiratory and cardiovascular mortality and hospital admissions in Switzerland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behzad Valipour Shokouhi
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kees de Hoogh
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Regula Gehrig
- Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology MeteoSwiss, Switzerland
| | - Marloes Eeftens
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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30
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Kim KR, Han MJ, Han YJ, Lee YH, Oh JW. Prediction Model for Annual Variation in Total Pollen by Allergenic Trees in Korean Cities. Allergy Asthma Immunol Res 2024; 16:109-122. [PMID: 38262394 PMCID: PMC10823140 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2024.16.1.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Pollen forecasting systems can provide information for coping with respiratory allergies. They estimate daily pollen production, dispersal, deposition, and removal based on daily weather conditions to predict daily pollen concentrations and provide allergy warnings. As of 2023, the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) provides 2-day forecast of allergenic pollens. However, unlike these models, long-term analysis of annual observations of tree pollen reveal annual variations. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to develop annual prediction models for allergenic tree pollens based on long-term multi-site pollen and meteorological data. METHODS Daily pollen concentrations were observed using Hirst-type volumetric spore traps at nine sites in Korea from 1998 to 2021, and daily weather data from the closest KMA stations were utilized. Models were developed to predict the seasonal pollen integral of seven tree species based on monthly mean temperature, wind speed, and total precipitation using three variable selection methods: 1) the t-test based key variable screening followed by linear regression with stepwise procedure (TM), 2) direct linear regression with stepwise procedure from the full variable model (FM), and 3) LASSO regression from the full variable model (LM). RESULTS Data obtained during 1998-2017 and 2018=2021 were utilized for model development and validation, respectively. The root mean squared error, mean absolute error, mean error, and coefficient of determination (R²) revealed that the TM models were best suited for actual forecasting, even though R² in the TM model was lower than those of the FM and LM models. CONCLUSIONS The annual variation model in this study can be integrated with the daily pollen forecast model by controlling the annual pollen potential, and the accuracy of the daily forecast can be improved accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu Rang Kim
- Research Applications Department, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Seogwipo, Korea.
| | - Mae Ja Han
- Research Applications Department, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Seogwipo, Korea
| | - Young Jong Han
- Research Applications Department, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Seogwipo, Korea
| | - Yong Hee Lee
- Research Applications Department, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Seogwipo, Korea
| | - Jae-Won Oh
- Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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31
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Rojo Gutiérrez MI, Ballesteros González D. [Oral allergy syndrome (OAS)]. Rev Alerg Mex 2023; 70:306-312. [PMID: 38506877 DOI: 10.29262/ram.v70i4.1315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The pollen-food allergy syndrome, also known as oral allergy syndrome, is characterized by local reactions in the mouth and throat after consuming certain raw plant foods in individuals sensitized to pollen from grass, weeds, and trees. Birch-apple is the prototype of this syndrome, with apple, pear, and plum being the most commonly associated foods. Symptoms are usually limited to the oral cavity but can include systemic reactions, including anaphylaxis. Sensitization to pollen allergens, such as lipid transfer proteins, profilin, and PR-10 proteins, triggers this syndrome. Its prevalence varies by geographic region and the predominant pollen type, affecting between 30% and 60% of food allergies. Diagnosis involves a clinical history, skin tests, and, in ambiguous cases, double-blind, placebo-controlled oral food challenges. Treatment primarily involves avoiding trigger foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Isabel Rojo Gutiérrez
- Pediatra, Alergóloga e Inmunóloga; profesora de Alergia pediátrica, Facultad de Medicina; Presidenta electa de la Sociedad Latinoamericana de Alergia, Asma e Inmunología (SLAAI) Montevideo,
| | - Diego Ballesteros González
- Médico Cirujano y Partero, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional; Aler-gólogo e inmunólogo clínico, Hospital Juárez de México, Ciudad de México
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32
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Wang B, Liang N, Shen X, Xie Z, Zhang L, Tian B, Yuan Y, Guo J, Zhang X, Wei F, Wei X. Cytological and transcriptomic analyses provide insights into the pollen fertility of synthetic allodiploid Brassica juncea hybrids. Plant Cell Rep 2023; 43:23. [PMID: 38150101 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-023-03089-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Imbalanced chromosomes and cell cycle arrest, along with down-regulated genes in DNA damage repair and sperm cell differentiation, caused pollen abortion in synthetic allodiploid Brassica juncea hybrids. Interspecific hybridization is considered to be a major pathway for species formation and evolution in angiosperms, but the occurrence of pollen abortion in the hybrids is common, prompting us to recheck male gamete development in allodiploid hybrids after the initial combination of different genomes. Here, we investigated the several key meiotic and mitotic events during pollen development using the newly synthesised allodiploid B. juncea hybrids (AB, 2n = 2× = 18) as a model system. Our results demonstrated the partial synapsis and pairing of non-homologous chromosomes concurrent with chaotic spindle assembly, affected chromosome assortment and distribution during meiosis, which finally caused difference in genetic constitution amongst the final tetrads. The mitotic cell cycle arrest during microspore development resulted in the production of anucleate pollen cells. Transcription analysis showed that sets of key genes regulating cyclin (CYCA1;2 and CYCA2;3), DNA damage repair (DMC1, NBS1 and MMD1), and ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (SINAT4 and UBC) were largely downregulated at the early pollen meiosis stages, and those genes involved in sperm cell differentiation (DUO1, PIRL1, PIRL9 and LBD27) and pollen wall synthesis (PME48, VGDH11 and COBL10) were mostly repressed at the late pollen mitosis stages in the synthetic allodiploid B. juncea hybrids (AB). In conclusion, this study elucidated the related mechanisms affecting pollen fertility during male gametophyte development at the cytological and transcriptomic levels in the synthetic allodiploid B. juncea hybrids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyang Wang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Crop Gene Resource and Improvements, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Institute of Horticulture, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Graduate T&R Base of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Niannian Liang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Crop Gene Resource and Improvements, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Institute of Horticulture, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Graduate T&R Base of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xiaohan Shen
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Crop Gene Resource and Improvements, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Zhengqing Xie
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Crop Gene Resource and Improvements, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Luyue Zhang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Crop Gene Resource and Improvements, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Baoming Tian
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Crop Gene Resource and Improvements, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yuxiang Yuan
- Institute of Horticulture, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Graduate T&R Base of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Jialin Guo
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Crop Gene Resource and Improvements, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- Institute of Horticulture, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Graduate T&R Base of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Fang Wei
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Crop Gene Resource and Improvements, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Xiaochun Wei
- Institute of Horticulture, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Graduate T&R Base of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
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Wasti QZ, Sabar MF, Farooq A, Khan MU. Stepping towards pollen DNA metabarcoding: A breakthrough in forensic sciences. Forensic Sci Med Pathol 2023:10.1007/s12024-023-00770-8. [PMID: 38147285 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-023-00770-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
This review is engaged in determining the capability of plant pollen as a significant source of evidence for the linkage between suspects and crime location in forensic sciences. Research and review articles were collected from Google Scholar, the Web of Science, and PubMed. Articles were searched using specific keywords such as "Forensic Palynology," "Pollen metabarcoding," "Plant forensics," and "Pollen" AND "criminal investigation." Boolean logic was also utilized to narrow the articles to be included in this review article. Through the literature and exploratory research, it has been observed in the current study that with advancements in technology, forensic palynology has found its application in creating an association between the crime scene and suspected individuals to have a link to it, as pollen DNA is a long-lasting investigative tool that can effectively help forensic investigations. Moreover, the literature shows that the DNA of pollen and spores has helped forensic scientists link suspects to crime scenes, and the introduction of pollen DNA metabarcoding tools has eased the efforts of palynologists to analyze pollen DNA. The introduction of DNA metabarcoding techniques to analyze pollen from plants has helped identify the geological locations of the plants and ultimately identify the culprit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qandeel Zaineb Wasti
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Abeera Farooq
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Umer Khan
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.
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Favaro R, Garrido PM, Bruno D, Braglia C, Alberoni D, Baffoni L, Tettamanti G, Porrini MP, Di Gioia D, Angeli S. Combined effect of a neonicotinoid insecticide and a fungicide on honeybee gut epithelium and microbiota, adult survival, colony strength and foraging preferences. Sci Total Environ 2023; 905:167277. [PMID: 37741399 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Fungicides, insecticides and herbicides are widely used in agriculture to counteract pathogens and pests. Several of these molecules are toxic to non-target organisms such as pollinators and their lethal dose can be lowered if applied as a mixture. They can cause large and unpredictable problems, spanning from behavioural changes to alterations in the gut. The present work aimed at understanding the synergistic effects on honeybees of a combined in-hive exposure to sub-lethal doses of the insecticide thiacloprid and the fungicide penconazole. A multidisciplinary approach was used: honeybee mortality upon exposure was initially tested in cage, and the colonies development monitored. Morphological and ultrastructural analyses via light and transmission electron microscopy were carried out on the gut of larvae and forager honeybees. Moreover, the main pollen foraging sources and the fungal gut microbiota were studied using Next Generation Sequencing; the gut core bacterial taxa were quantified via qPCR. The mortality test showed a negative effect on honeybee survival when exposed to agrochemicals and their mixture in cage but not confirmed at colony level. Microscopy analyses on the gut epithelium indicated no appreciable morphological changes in larvae, newly emerged and forager honeybees exposed in field to the agrochemicals. Nevertheless, the gut microbial profile showed a reduction of Bombilactobacillus and an increase of Lactobacillus and total fungi upon mixture application. Finally, we highlighted for the first time a significant honeybee diet change after pesticide exposure: penconazole, alone or in mixture, significantly altered the pollen foraging preference, with honeybees preferring Hedera pollen. Overall, our in-hive results showed no severe effects upon administration of sublethal doses of thiacloprid and penconazole but indicate a change in honeybees foraging preference. A possible explanation can be that the different nutritional profile of the pollen may offer better recovery chances to honeybees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Favaro
- Faculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Free University of Bozen, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Paula Melisa Garrido
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Sanidad y Ambiente (IIPROSAM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Centro Científico Tecnológico Mar del Plata, CONICET, Centro de Asociación Simple CIC PBA, Mar del Plata, Argentina; Centro de Investigaciones en Abejas Sociales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Daniele Bruno
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, via J.H. Dunant 3, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Chiara Braglia
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-Alimentari, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Daniele Alberoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-Alimentari, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Loredana Baffoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-Alimentari, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Gianluca Tettamanti
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, via J.H. Dunant 3, 21100 Varese, Italy; Interuniversity Center for Studies on Bioinspired Agro-environmental Technology (BAT Center), University of Napoli Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Martin Pablo Porrini
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Sanidad y Ambiente (IIPROSAM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Centro Científico Tecnológico Mar del Plata, CONICET, Centro de Asociación Simple CIC PBA, Mar del Plata, Argentina; Centro de Investigaciones en Abejas Sociales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Diana Di Gioia
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-Alimentari, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Sergio Angeli
- Faculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Free University of Bozen, Bolzano, Italy
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Mills SA, Maya-Manzano JM, Tummon F, MacKenzie AR, Pope FD. Machine learning methods for low-cost pollen monitoring - Model optimisation and interpretability. Sci Total Environ 2023; 903:165853. [PMID: 37549701 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Pollen is a major issue globally, causing as much as 40 % of the population to suffer from hay fever and other allergic conditions. Current techniques for monitoring pollen are either laborious and slow, or expensive, thus alternative methods are needed to provide timely and more localised information on airborne pollen concentrations. We have demonstrated previously that low-cost Optical Particle Counter (OPC) sensors can be used to estimate pollen concentrations when machine learning methods are used to process the data and learn the relationships between OPC output data and conventionally measured pollen concentrations. This study demonstrates how methodical hyperparameter tuning can be employed to significantly improve model performance. We present the results of a range of models based on tuned hyperparameter configurations trained to predict Poaceae (Barnhart), Quercus (L.), Betula (L.), Pinus (L.) and total pollen concentrations. The results achieved here are a significant improvement on results we previously reported: the average R2 scores for the total pollen models have at least doubled compared to using previous parameter settings. Furthermore, we employ the explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) technique, SHAP, to interpret the models and understand how each of the input features (i.e. particle sizes) affect the estimated output concentration for each pollen type. In particular, we found that Quercus pollen has a strong positive correlation with particles of optical diameter 1.7-2.3 μm, which distinguishes it from other pollen types such as Poaceae and may suggest that type-specific subpollen particles are present in this size range. There is much further work to be done, especially in training and testing models on data obtained across different environments to evaluate the extent of generalisability. Nevertheless, this work demonstrates the potential this method can offer for low-cost monitoring of pollen and the valuable insight we can gain from what the model has learned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie A Mills
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Birmingham Institute of Forest Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - José M Maya-Manzano
- Centre of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM), Member of the German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), Technical University and Helmholtz Centre Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Plant Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, Area of Botany, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Fiona Tummon
- Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology MeteoSwiss, Payerne, Switzerland
| | - A Rob MacKenzie
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Birmingham Institute of Forest Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Francis D Pope
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Birmingham Institute of Forest Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
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36
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Li J, Liu Y, Zhang J, Cao L, Xie Q, Chen G, Chen X, Hu Z. Suppression of a hexokinase gene SlHXK1 in tomato affects fruit setting and seed quality. Plant Physiol Biochem 2023; 205:108160. [PMID: 37944243 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Hexokinase is considered to be the key molecule in sugar signaling and metabolism. Here, we reported that silencing SlHXK1 resulted in a decrease in flower number, increased rate of flower dropping, abnormal thickening of the anther wall, and reduced pollen and seed viability. An anatomical analysis revealed the loss of small cells and abnormal thickening of anther walls in SlHXK1-RNAi lines. Treatment with auxin and 1-methylcyclopropene inhibited flower dropping from the pedicel abscission zone. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that the effect of SlHXK1 on abscission was associated with the expression levels of genes related to key meristem, auxin, ethylene, cell wall metabolism and programmed cell death. Pollen germination and pollen staining experiments showed that pollen viability was significantly reduced in the SlHXK1-RNAi lines. Physiological and biochemical analyses showed that hexokinase activity and starch content were markedly decreased in the transgenic lines. The expression of genes related to tomato pollen development was also suppressed in the transgenic lines. Although the RNAi lines eventually produced some viable seeds, the yield and quality of the seeds was lower than that of wild-type plants. Yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays showed that SlHXK1 interacted with SlKINγ. Furthermore, SlPIF4 inhibited the transcriptional expression of SlHXK1. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that SlHXK1 may play important roles in pollen, anther, seed and the pedicel abscission zone by affecting starch accumulation or cell wall synthesis, as well as by regulating the number of the transcripts of genes that are involved in auxin, ethylene and cell wall degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Yu Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Jianling Zhang
- Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China.
| | - Lili Cao
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Qiaoli Xie
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Guoping Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Xuqing Chen
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zongli Hu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
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Reis LS, de Oliveira PE, Yao Q. A comprehensive procedure for pollen extraction from bat guano deposits in organic and detrital matrices. MethodsX 2023; 11:102405. [PMID: 37830001 PMCID: PMC10565863 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2023.102405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Although bat guano deposits have been proven to be excellent environmental archives for paleoecological and paleoclimate studies, the development of a standardized method specially catering to pollen extraction has received no attention so far. In general, the processing procedure is quite similar among published studies, but adjustments must be made regarding the proportion of organic and particulate matter in the guano deposit. In this study, we present step-by-step optimized sample processing methods for pollen analysis. These procedures first apply a chemical treatment for the removal of siliceous and organic material, followed by a sieving step to remove the remaining inorganic matter from those samples with high detrital content. Overall, our methods can efficiently remove particulate matter and improve the quality of the final residue, resulting in cleaner slides and better visualization of pollen and spores.•Remove humic acid and organic material with Potassium hydroxide.•Remove inorganic matter with hydrofluoric acid and sieving.•Concentrate and store the pollen residues in glycerin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Santos Reis
- University of São Paulo, Institute of Geoscience, Department of Sedimentary and Environmental Geology, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Eduardo de Oliveira
- University of São Paulo, Institute of Geoscience, Department of Sedimentary and Environmental Geology, São Paulo, Brazil
- The Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Qiang Yao
- Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, College of the Coast and Environment, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, United States
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Eakins J, Lynch M, Carolan JC, Rowan NJ. Studies on the novel effects of electron beam treated pollen on colony reproductive output in commercially-reared bumblebees (Bombus terrestris) for mass pollination applications. Sci Total Environ 2023; 899:165614. [PMID: 37478954 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Commercially-reared bumblebees provide an important pollinator service that helps support food production and security. The deployment of an appropriate non-thermal disinfection technology for the bulk treatment of pollen collected from honeybees for the feeding of commercial bumblebees is important in order to mitigate against complex diseases and unwanted pathogen spillover to native bees. High level disinfection of pollen was achieved using an electron (e)-beam dose of 100 kGy that corresponded to 78 % loss of cellular viability of bee pathogens before feeding to bumblebees as measured by the novel in vitro use of flow cytometry (FCM). Novel findings showed that e-beam treated-pollen that was fed to bumblebees produced fewer females, gynes and exhibited an absence of males when compared to control bumblebee colonies that were fed untreated commercial pollen. A similar trend emerged in bumblebee colony reproductive outputs when using membrane filtered washed pollen. Proteomic analysis of bumblebees from individual colonies fed with treated-pollen revealed a differential abundance of proteins associated with stress, immunity and metabolism when compared to the untreated pollen control group. Microbiome analysis of the bumblebee gut content revealed differences in microbiota between treated and untreated pollen in bumblebee colony studies. This novel study evaluated the impact of industrial e-beam treated-pollen on complex bee disease mitigation where physically treated-pollen fed to bumblebees was shown to substantially affect colony reproductive outputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Eakins
- Centre for Disinfection and Sterilization, Faculty of Science and Health, Technological Institute of the Shannon, Midlands Campus, Ireland; Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - M Lynch
- Centre for Disinfection and Sterilization, Faculty of Science and Health, Technological Institute of the Shannon, Midlands Campus, Ireland
| | - J C Carolan
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - N J Rowan
- Centre for Disinfection and Sterilization, Faculty of Science and Health, Technological Institute of the Shannon, Midlands Campus, Ireland.
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Althiab-Almasaud R, Teyssier E, Chervin C, Johnson MA, Mollet JC. Pollen viability, longevity, and function in angiosperms: key drivers and prospects for improvement. Plant Reprod 2023:10.1007/s00497-023-00484-5. [PMID: 37926761 DOI: 10.1007/s00497-023-00484-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Pollen grains are central to sexual plant reproduction and their viability and longevity/storage are critical for plant physiology, ecology, plant breeding, and many plant product industries. Our goal is to present progress in assessing pollen viability/longevity along with recent advances in our understanding of the intrinsic and environmental factors that determine pollen performance: the capacity of the pollen grain to be stored, germinate, produce a pollen tube, and fertilize the ovule. We review current methods to measure pollen viability, with an eye toward advancing basic research and biotechnological applications. Importantly, we review recent advances in our understanding of how basic aspects of pollen/stigma development, pollen molecular composition, and intra- and intercellular signaling systems interact with the environment to determine pollen performance. Our goal is to point to key questions for future research, especially given that climate change will directly impact pollen viability/longevity. We find that the viability and longevity of pollen are highly sensitive to environmental conditions that affect complex interactions between maternal and paternal tissues and internal pollen physiological events. As pollen viability and longevity are critical factors for food security and adaptation to climate change, we highlight the need to develop further basic research for better understanding the complex molecular mechanisms that modulate pollen viability and applied research on developing new methods to maintain or improve pollen viability and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha Althiab-Almasaud
- Université de Toulouse, LRSV, Toulouse INP, CNRS, UPS, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Eve Teyssier
- Université de Toulouse, LRSV, Toulouse INP, CNRS, UPS, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Christian Chervin
- Université de Toulouse, LRSV, Toulouse INP, CNRS, UPS, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Mark A Johnson
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Jean-Claude Mollet
- Univ Rouen Normandie, GLYCOMEV UR4358, SFR NORVEGE, Fédération Internationale Normandie-Québec NORSEVE, Carnot I2C, RMT BESTIM, GDR Chemobiologie, IRIB, F-76000, Rouen, France.
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Wizenberg SB, Newburn LR, Pepinelli M, Conflitti IM, Richardson RT, Hoover SER, Currie RW, Giovenazzo P, Zayed A. Validating a multi-locus metabarcoding approach for characterizing mixed- pollen samples. Plant Methods 2023; 19:120. [PMID: 37925401 PMCID: PMC10625703 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-023-01097-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mutualistic interaction between entomophilous plants and pollinators is fundamental to the structure of most terrestrial ecosystems. The sensitive nature of this relationship has been disrupted by anthropogenic modifications to natural landscapes, warranting development of new methods for exploring this trophic interaction. Characterizing the composition of pollen collected by pollinators, e.g. Apis mellifera, is a common means of exploring this relationship, but traditional methods of microscopic pollen assessment are laborious and limited in their scope. The development of pollen metabarcoding as a method of rapidly characterizing the abundance and diversity of pollen within mixed samples presents a new frontier for this type of work, but metabarcoding may have limitations, and validation is warranted before any suite of primers can be confidently used in a research program. We set out to evaluate the utility of an integrative approach, using a set of established primers (ITS2 and rbcL) versus melissopalynological analysis for characterizing 27 mixed-pollen samples from agricultural sites across Canada. RESULTS Both individual markers performed well relative to melissopalynology at the family level with decreases in the strength of correlation and linear model fits at the genus level. Integrating data from both markers together via a multi-locus approach provided the best rank-based correlation between metagenetic and melissopalynological data at both the genus (ρ = 0.659; p < 0.001) and family level (ρ = 0.830; p < 0.001). Species accumulation curves indicated that, after controlling for sampling effort, melissopalynological characterization provides similar or higher species richness estimates than either marker. The higher number of plant species discovered via the metabarcoding approach simply reflects the vastly greater sampling effort in comparison to melissopalynology. CONCLUSIONS Pollen metabarcoding performed well at characterizing the composition of mixed pollen samples relative to a traditional melissopalynological approach. Limitations to the quantitative application of this method can be addressed by adopting a multi-locus approach that integrates information from multiple markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydney B Wizenberg
- Department of Biology, York University, 4700 Keele St., Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Laura R Newburn
- Department of Biology, York University, 4700 Keele St., Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Mateus Pepinelli
- Department of Biology, York University, 4700 Keele St., Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Ida M Conflitti
- Department of Biology, York University, 4700 Keele St., Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Rodney T Richardson
- Appalachian Laboratory, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Frostburg, MD, 21613, USA
| | - Shelley E R Hoover
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive W, Lethbridge, AB, T1K3M4, Canada
| | - Robert W Currie
- Department of Entomology, University of Manitoba, 12 Dafoe Road, Winnipeg, MB, R3T2N2, Canada
| | - Pierre Giovenazzo
- Département de Biologie, Université Laval, 2325 Rue de l'Université, Québec City, Québec, G1V0A6, Canada
| | - Amro Zayed
- Department of Biology, York University, 4700 Keele St., Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada.
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Liu A, Sheng W, Tang X, Yin J. Effect of atmospheric pollen concentration on daily visits of allergic rhinitis in Beijing: a distributed lag nonlinear model analysis. Int J Biometeorol 2023; 67:1723-1732. [PMID: 37656246 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-023-02533-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the influence and lag effect of atmospheric pollen concentration on daily visits of patients with allergic rhinitis (AR), we collected the AR data during the pollen seasons from 2018 to 2019 from the outpatient and emergency department of Beijing Shijitan Hospital. The distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) was used to analyze the correlation and the lag effect between pollen concentration and the incidence of AR. R4.1.2 was used to generate the Spearman correlation coefficients and plot the lag response curves of relative risk specific and incremental cumulative effects. In 2018 and 2019, the number of AR visits was moderately positively correlated with pollen concentration. The peak value of the overall specific cumulative effect for every 10 grains/1000 mm2 increase in atmospheric pollen concentration occurred on day 0 (2018, 2019), and the lag disappearance time was day 6 (2018) and day 7 (2019), and the specific cumulative effect duration was respectively 6 days (2018) and 7 days (2019), with the curve showing a downward trend with time increase. In 2018, the peak value of the overall incremental cumulative effect was on day 7, the lag disappearance time was day 13, and the duration of the incremental cumulative effect was 13 days, forming a curve pattern of rising first and then falling. In 2019, the peak value time of the overall incremental cumulative effect was on day 8, and the curve went down afterwards until it showed the trend of ascending again after day26.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aizhu Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital, No. 10 Yangfangdian Railway Hospital Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Weixuan Sheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Xianshi Tang
- Key Laboratory of National Health Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, 214064, China
| | - Jinshu Yin
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital, No. 10 Yangfangdian Railway Hospital Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100038, China.
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Baghersad A, Shams MH, Shahsavar F, Sohrabi SM, Varzi AM, Baharvand PA, Eskandari N, Darestani NG, Sereshki HA, Doosti F, Assarehzadegan MA. Immunochemical Characterization of Salix alba (S. alba) Pollen Allergens and Evaluation of the Cross-Reactivity Pattern with Common Allergenic Pollen Grains. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 124:110953. [PMID: 37757632 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pollens, particularly tree and plant pollens, are one of the major causes of allergic respiratory diseases worldwide. Allergy to pollens of different species of Salix trees has been reported in various regions of the world. The most common type of Salix tree in Iran is white willow (Salix alba). OBJECTIVES This study aimed to identify and determine the immunochemical characteristics of allergenic proteins in S. alba tree pollen extract using SDS-PAGE and IgE- immunoblotting methods. Moreover, the cross-reaction pattern of the specific IgE antibody of S. alba tree pollen proteins with pollen allergens of common allergenic trees, i.e., Populus nigra (P. nigra), Cupressus sempervirens (C. sempervirens), Pinus brutia (P. brutia) and Platanus orientalis (P. orientalis) in the region was investigated. METHODS The reaction of allergenic proteins in S. alba pollen extract with specific IgE antibodies in patients' sera was investigated using SDS-PAGE and IgE-immunoblotting methods. The cross-reaction of specific IgE antibodies of the proteins present in S. alba pollen extract with pollen allergens of common allergenic trees in the region was investigated using ELISA and immunoblotting inhibition methods. In silico methods such as phylogenetic tree drawing and alignment of amino acid sequences were used to examine the evolutionary relationship and homology structure of common allergenic proteins (Panallergens) responsible for cross reactions. RESULTS More than 11 protein bands binding to specific IgE antibodies in patients' sera with a molecular weight between 13 and 95 kDa were identified in the S. alba tree pollen extract. ELISA and immunoblotting inhibition results showed that P. nigra extract could inhibit the binding of IgE antibodies to S. alba pollen extract proteins to a greater extent than C. sempervirens, P. brutia, and P. orientalis tree extracts. In silico methods investigated the results of ELISA and immunoblotting inhibition methods. Moreover, a high structural homology and evolutionary relationship were observed between S. alba and P. nigra tree pollen panallergens. CONCLUSION In this study, it was found that more than 80 % of the sensitive patients who were examined had specific IgE antibodies reacting with the approximately a 15 kDa-protein present in the S. alba pollen extract. Furthermore, the specific IgE-binding proteins found in the pollens of S. alba and P. nigra trees had relative structural homology, and it is likely that if recombinant forms are produced, they can be used for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes for both of the trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Baghersad
- Hepatitis Research Center and Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Shams
- Hepatitis Research Center and Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
| | - Farhad Shahsavar
- Hepatitis Research Center and Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Seyyed Mohsen Sohrabi
- Department of Production Engineering and Plant Genetic, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammad Varzi
- Hepatitis Research Center and Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Peyman Amanolahi Baharvand
- Hepatitis Research Center and Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Nahid Eskandari
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nadia Ghasemi Darestani
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hale Abdoli Sereshki
- Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology, school of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Doosti
- Immunology and Allergy Research Center, Pasteur Medical Diagnostic Laboratory, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Ali Assarehzadegan
- Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology, school of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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43
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Copple SP, Peteet DM, Balk D, Chang C, Jones B, Tzortziou M. Marsh archive reveals human population history and future implications for estuarine health in Long Island Sound. Sci Total Environ 2023; 895:164885. [PMID: 37343863 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Coastal marshes are efficient ecosystems providing a multitude of benefits for invertebrates, birds, fish and humans alike. Yet despite these benefits, wetlands are threatened by anthropogenic inputs such as human wastewater which contain high levels of nitrogen (N). Increased nitrogen loads cause eutrophication and hypoxia in estuaries leading to further degradation of these valuable ecosystems that are already stressed by sea level rise and climate change. Policies to protect wetlands via wastewater treatments are reactive rather than proactive and a growing body of research shows that characteristics associated with population health and economic activity can be identified in wastewater. Analysis of a 2-m salt marsh sediment core reveals δN15 signatures indicative of human population rise and connects human impact to ecosystem health. Using key X-ray fluorescence (XRF), pollen, sediment and nitrogen signatures along the core, a robust chronology was produced dating back to 1700. This result was coupled with population data to observe the relationship between δN15 levels and population over three centuries. There is a statistically significant positive correlation between δN15 and population. Other external factors such as federal government policies (regulating clean water) show a clear reduction in this association but the use of synthetic nitrogen fertilizer masks the strength of this relationship. Further research to refine the relationship between population and δN15 could be beneficial in predicting nitrogen loads as human population grows, which in turn would create a proactive system to protect our coastal ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharelle Pampo Copple
- Nasa/Goddard Institute for Space Studies, New York, NY, United States of America; CUNY Institute for Demographic Research, City University of New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Dorothy M Peteet
- Nasa/Goddard Institute for Space Studies, New York, NY, United States of America; Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY, United States of America.
| | - Deborah Balk
- CUNY Institute for Demographic Research, City University of New York, NY, United States of America; Marxe School of Public and International Affairs, Baruch College, CUNY, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Clara Chang
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY, United States of America
| | - Bryan Jones
- CUNY Institute for Demographic Research, City University of New York, NY, United States of America; Marxe School of Public and International Affairs, Baruch College, CUNY, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Maria Tzortziou
- Earth and Atmospheric Science Department, The City College of New York, CUNY, New York, NY, United States of America
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44
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Somers J, Nelms B. The sporophyte-to-gametophyte transition: The haploid generation comes of age. Curr Opin Plant Biol 2023; 75:102416. [PMID: 37441836 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2023.102416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Flowering plants alternate between two multicellular generations: the diploid sporophyte and haploid gametophyte. Despite its small size, the gametophyte has significant impacts on plant genetics, evolution, and breeding. Each male pollen grain and female embryo sac is a multicellular organism with independent gene expression, a functioning metabolism, and specialized cell types. In this review, we describe recent progress in understanding the process in which the haploid genome takes over expression from its diploid parent - the sporophyte-to-gametophyte transition. The focus is on pollen, but similar concepts may also apply to the female gametophyte. Technological advances in single-cell genomics offer the opportunity to characterize haploid gene expression in unprecedented detail, positioning the field to make rapid progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Somers
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Brad Nelms
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
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45
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Sakamoto W, Takami T. Plastid inheritance revisited: emerging role of organelle DNA degradation in angiosperms. Plant Cell Physiol 2023:pcad104. [PMID: 37702423 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcad104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Plastids are essential organelles in angiosperms and show non-Mendelian inheritance due to their evolution as endosymbionts. In approximately 80% of angiosperms, plastids are thought to be inherited from the maternal parent, whereas other species transmit plastids biparentally. Maternal inheritance can be generally explained by the stochastic segregation of maternal plastids after fertilization because the zygote is overwhelmed by the maternal cytoplasm. In contrast, biparental inheritance shows transmission of organelles from both parents. In some species, maternal inheritance is not absolute and paternal leakage occurs at a very low frequency (~10-5). A key process controlling the inheritance mode lies in the behavior of plastids during male gametophyte (pollen) development, with accumulating evidence indicating that the plastids themselves or their DNAs are eliminated during pollen maturation or at fertilization. Cytological observations in numerous angiosperm species have revealed several critical steps that mutually influence the degree of plastid transmission quantitatively among different species. This review revisits plastid inheritance and focuses on the mechanistic viewpoint. Particularly, we focus on a recent finding demonstrating that both low temperature and plastid DNA degradation mediated by the organelle exonuclease DPD1 influence the degree of paternal leakage significantly in tobacco. Given these findings, we also highlight the emerging role of DPD1 in organelle DNA degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tsuneaki Takami
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, 2-20-2 Chuo, Kurashiki, Okayama 710-0046, Japan
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46
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Seltzer R, Domer A, Bouchebti S, Drabkin A, Levin E. The fa(c)ts that matter: Bumble bees differentially allocate and oxidate three common fatty acids in pollen. J Insect Physiol 2023; 149:104552. [PMID: 37549842 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2023.104552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Pollen serves as a crucial source of protein and lipids for numerous insects. Despite the importance of pollen lipids for nutrient regulation in bees, the digestibility and absorption of different fatty acids (FAs) by bees remain poorly understood. We used 13C labeled fatty acids (FAs) to investigate the absorption and allocation of three common dietary FAs in pollen by bumble bees. Palmitic acid, the most common saturated FA in pollen, was poorly absorbed, even when supplied as tripalmitate, emulsified, or mixed in vegetable oil. In contrast, the essential linoleic acid was absorbed and allocated at the highest rate among the three FAs tested. Oleic acid, a non-essential monounsaturated FA, was absorbed and oxidized at lower rates than linoleic acid. Notably, a feeding rate experiment revealed that different fatty acids did not affect the consumption rate of pollen. This results suggests that the specific FA's absorption efficiency and allocation differ in bumble bees, impacting their utilization. These findings demonstrate the importance of considering the digestibility and absorption of different FAs. Furthermore, the study highlights the influence of pollen lipid composition on the nutritional content for pollinators and raises questions about the utilization of polyunsaturated FAs in insect metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rya Seltzer
- School of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 6997801 Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Adi Domer
- School of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 6997801 Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sofia Bouchebti
- School of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 6997801 Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ariel Drabkin
- School of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 6997801 Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Eran Levin
- School of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 6997801 Tel Aviv, Israel.
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Smirnova N, Shaver AC, Mehta AJ, Philipsborn R, Scovronick N. Climate Change, Air Quality, and Pulmonary Health Disparities. Clin Chest Med 2023; 44:489-499. [PMID: 37517829 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccm.2023.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Climate change will alter environmental risks that influence pulmonary health, including heat, air pollution, and pollen. These exposures disproportionately burden populations already at risk of ill health, including those at vulnerable life stages, with low socioeconomic status, and systematically targeted by oppressive policies. Climate change can exacerbate existing environmental injustices by affecting future exposure, as well as through differentials in the ability to adapt; this is compounded by disparities in rates of underlying disease and access to health care. Climate change is therefore a dire threat not only to individual and population health but also to health equity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Smirnova
- Division of Pulmonary, Department of Medicine, Allergy, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 100 Woodruff Circle, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Adam C Shaver
- Division of Pulmonary, Department of Medicine, Allergy, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 100 Woodruff Circle, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Ashish J Mehta
- Division of Pulmonary, Department of Medicine, Allergy, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 100 Woodruff Circle, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - Rebecca Philipsborn
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, 49 Jesse Hill Jr Dr Southeast, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Noah Scovronick
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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Kolipaka T, Khairnar P, Phatale V, Pandey G, Famta P, Shah S, Asthana A, Nanduri S, Raghuvanshi RS, Srivastava S. Multifaceted roles of pollen in the management of cancer. Int J Pharm 2023; 643:123278. [PMID: 37516214 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Oral drug delivery of microparticles demonstrates shortcomings like aggregation, decreased loading capacity and batch-to-batch variation, which limits its scale-up. Later, porous structures gained attention because of their large surface-to-volume ratio, high loading capacity and ability to carry biomacromolecules, which undergo degradation in GIT. But there are pitfalls like non-uniform particle size distribution, the impact of porogen properties, and harsh chemicals. To circumvent these drawbacks, natural carriers like pollen are explored in drug delivery, which withstands harsh environments. This property helps to subdue the acid-sensitive drug in GIT. It shows uniform particle size distribution within the species. On the other side, they contain phytoconstituents like flavonoids and polysaccharides, which possess various pharmacological applications. Therefore, pollen has the capability as a carrier system and therapeutic agent. This review focuses on pollen's microstructure, composition and utility in cancer management. The extraction strategies, characterisation techniques and chemical structure of sporopollenin exine capsule, its use in the oral delivery of antineoplastic drugs, and emerging cancer treatments like photothermal therapy, immunotherapy and microrobots have been highlighted. We have mentioned a note on the anticancer activity of pollen extract. Further, we have summarised the regulatory perspective, bottlenecks and way forward associated with pollen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejaswini Kolipaka
- Pharmaceutical Innovation and Translational Research Lab (PITRL), Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Pooja Khairnar
- Pharmaceutical Innovation and Translational Research Lab (PITRL), Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Vivek Phatale
- Pharmaceutical Innovation and Translational Research Lab (PITRL), Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Giriraj Pandey
- Pharmaceutical Innovation and Translational Research Lab (PITRL), Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Paras Famta
- Pharmaceutical Innovation and Translational Research Lab (PITRL), Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Saurabh Shah
- Pharmaceutical Innovation and Translational Research Lab (PITRL), Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Amit Asthana
- Department of Medical Devices, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Srinivas Nanduri
- Department of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Rajeev Singh Raghuvanshi
- Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO), Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, India
| | - Saurabh Srivastava
- Pharmaceutical Innovation and Translational Research Lab (PITRL), Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India.
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Tan C, Liang M, Luo Q, Zhang T, Wang W, Li S, Men S. AUX1, PIN3, and TAA1 collectively maintain fertility in Arabidopsis. Planta 2023; 258:68. [PMID: 37598130 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04219-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION We found that auxin synthesis gene TAA1 and auxin polar transport genes AUX1 and PIN3 collectively maintain fertility and seed size in Arabidopsis. Auxin plays a vital role in plant gametophyte development and embryogenesis. The auxin synthesis gene TAA1 and the auxin polar transport genes AUX1 and PIN3 are expressed during Arabidopsis gametophyte and seed development. However, aux1, pin3, and taa1 single mutants only exhibit mild reproductive defects. We, therefore, generated aux1-T pin3 taa1-k2 and aux1-T pin3-2 taa1-k1 triple mutants by crossing or CRISPR/Cas9 technique. These triple mutants displayed severe reproductive defects with approximately 70% and 77%, respectively, of the siliques failing to elongate after anthesis. Reciprocal crosses and microscopy analyses showed that the development of pollen and ovules in the aux1 pin3 taa1 mutants was normal, whereas the filaments were remarkably short, which might be the cause of the silique sterility. Further analyses indicated that the development and morphology of aux1 pin3 taa1 seeds were normal, but their size was smaller compared with that of the wild type. These results indicate that AUX1, PIN3, and TAA1 act in concert to maintain fertility and seed size in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Tan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Mengxiao Liang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Qiong Luo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Tan Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Wenhui Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Suxin Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Shuzhen Men
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
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Wecker H, Tizek L, Ziehfreund S, Kain A, Traidl-Hoffmann C, Zimmermann GS, Scala E, Elberling J, Doll A, Boffa MJ, Schmidt L, Sikora M, Torres T, Ballardini N, Chernyshov PV, Buters J, Biedermann T, Zink A. Impact of asthma in Europe: A comparison of web search data in 21 European countries. World Allergy Organ J 2023; 16:100805. [PMID: 37564904 PMCID: PMC10410582 DOI: 10.1016/j.waojou.2023.100805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways and one of the most important non-communicable diseases worldwide. Analyzing crowdsourced data can help understand public interest and unmet needs as well as potential factors influencing search behavior. Objective The study aimed to investigate asthma-related web search data in Europe to identify possible regional and seasonal variations and to assess public interest. Methods Google Ads Keyword Planner was used to measure search volume for search terms related to asthma, allergic asthma, and bronchial asthma in 21 European countries between January 2018 and December 2021. The top 10 keywords of each country were categorized qualitatively. Search volume per 100 000 inhabitants was descriptively assessed in terms of regional and seasonal trends. Spearman correlations between search volume and pollen concentration as well as coronavirus disease (COVID-19) cases were investigated. Results The median search volume per 100 000 inhabitants for asthma and allergic asthma was highest in Northern and Western Europe, while the highest search volume for bronchial asthma was observed in Western and Eastern regions. A seasonal trend was identified for all search terms and in all regions. Correlations were found between search frequency and pollen load and search behavior and COVID-19 cases. Overall, Europeans were most interested in the diseases in general, their treatment options, and symptoms. Conclusion These results highlighted the need for reliable and region-specific information about the disease and for public campaigns to improve asthma control. The study also emphasizes the importance of using crowdsourced data for a more encompassing overview beyond conventional healthcare data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Wecker
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Munich, Germany
| | - Linda Tizek
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefanie Ziehfreund
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Munich, Germany
| | - Alphina Kain
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Munich, Germany
| | - Claudia Traidl-Hoffmann
- Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Gregor S. Zimmermann
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, InnKlinikum, Academic Hospital of the Technical University of Munich, Muehldorf am Inn, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine I, School of Medicine, University Hospital Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Emanuele Scala
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine Solna and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jesper Elberling
- Depart of Allergy, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Dept of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anaïs Doll
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Lea Schmidt
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Munich, Germany
| | - Mariusz Sikora
- National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tiago Torres
- Department of Dermatology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Natalia Ballardini
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Science and Education Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pavel V. Chernyshov
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, National Medical University, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Jeroen Buters
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Technical University and Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tilo Biedermann
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Zink
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Munich, Germany
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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