1
|
Uysalol M, Serin I, Oyacı Y, Yıldız R, Uysalol E, Pehlivan S. Association of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha (TNF-α) and Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling-1 (SOCS-1) Gene Variants in Children with COVID-19. J PEDIAT INF DIS-GER 2023. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1759801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective The suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 (SOCS-1) gene is an essential physiological regulator of cytokine signaling. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is an important component of the immunological response. Herein, we aimed to investigate the effects of SOCS-1 (-1478 CA > Del) and TNF-α (-308) polymorphisms on disease susceptibility and prognosis in pediatric patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Methods One-hundred fifty COVID-19 patients in the COVID-19 emergency department between September 2020 and April 2021 and 80 healthy volunteers (control group) without any additional disease were included. Baseline gene polymorphisms were compared between the patient and healthy control groups. Afterward, the gene polymorphism distribution was examined by forming two separate clinical patients' subgroups.
Results While CA/CA and CA/Del gene variants of SOCS-1 were higher in the patient group, Del/Del genotype was more common in the control group (p < 0.05). The GG genotype of the TNF-α was significantly more common in the severe subgroup (p = 0.044). The GA genotype of TNF-α was associated with the risk of hospitalization (2.83-fold), while the GG genotype was found to be protective in terms of hospitalization (2.95-fold).
Conclusions This study will be a guide in terms of the presence of high cytokine release genotypes and COVID-19-related cytokine release syndromes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Metin Uysalol
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Emergency, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Istemi Serin
- Department of Hematology, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Science, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Yasemin Oyacı
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Raif Yıldız
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Emergency, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Ezgi Uysalol
- Department of Pediatric Hematology- Oncology, Basaksehir Cam and Sakura City Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Sacide Pehlivan
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Grigorova AA, Trenova AG, Stanilova SA. Association of polymorphism -308G/A in tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene ( TNF-α) and TNF-α serum levels in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Neurol Res 2020; 43:291-298. [PMID: 33252003 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2020.1853987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
TNF-α is an important cytokine of the inflammatory response involved in the pathogenesis of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). The aim of this study is to explore the association between the promoter polymorphism -308G/A in the TNF-α gene (rs1800629) with genetic susceptibility to RRMS.Methods: A group of 183 RRMS patients and 169 age and gender-matched healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Genotyping of the polymorphism was performed by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism and quantification of TNF-α serum levels was conducted by ELISA.Results: The genotype distribution in female patients showed a significantly elevated frequency of heterozygotes (AG) (23.5% vs. 12.8%, OR = 2.072, p = 0.029) in comparison with the healthy women. Substantially higher TNF-α serum levels were observed in females compared to males, in both patients and healthy controls (p < 0.05). According to the genotype, TNF-α levels in the RRMS group were calculated in the following order: for GA/AA genotypes (5.67pg/ml vs. 3.48pg/ml, p = 0.0031) and for GG genotypes (4.58pg/ml vs. 3.52pg/ml, p = 0.00043). Moreover, the carriers of at least one A-allele of -308G/A TNF-α polymorphism (GA+AA) are significantly associated with two fold increased risk for RRMS development (OR = 1.950; p = 0.042) in women in contrast to men as well as associated with early onset of the disease (OR = 2.400; p = 0.021).Conclusion: Our study showed that the level of TNF-α in the serum of patients with RRMS showed a significant association with the -308G/A TNF-α polymorphism and gender dependency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonia A Grigorova
- Department of Molecular Biology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Anastasiya G Trenova
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Spaska A Stanilova
- Department of Molecular Biology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bakr NM, Hashim NA, El-Baz HAED, Khalaf EM, Elharoun AS. Polymorphisms in proinflammatory cytokines genes and susceptibility to Multiple Sclerosis. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2020; 47:102654. [PMID: 33302229 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2020.102654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory and neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system (CNS). It is immunologically induced in genetically susceptible individuals. Proinflammatory cytokines play an important role as genetic polymorphisms in their genes might be involved in the susceptibility and pathogenesis of MS. OBJECTIVE In this study, our goal was to analyze the association between the gene polymorphisms in interleukin-16 (IL-16) (rs4072111 C/T), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) -308 G/A (rs1800629 G/A) and IL-18 -607 C/A (rs1946518 C/A) and the susceptibility and clinical features of MS in an Egyptian cohort. METHODS We genotyped these genetic polymorphisms in 150 subjects including 93 patients with MS and 57 unrelated healthy subjects. We employed polymerase chain reaction- restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method for determining the IL-16 (rs4072111 C/T) and TNF-α -308 G/A (rs1800629 G/A) polymorphisms, and the allele- specific polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR) method for IL-18-607 C/A (rs1946518 C/A) polymorphism. RESULTS The IL-16 (rs4072111 C/T) polymorphism was not polymorphic in both MS patients and the healthy volunteers. For the TNF-α-308 G/A (rs1800629 G/A) polymorphism, the mutant AA genotype and A allele are not associated with the susceptibility of MS, however, associated with the severity and disability progression of the disease. We observed a statistically significant increase in the mean values of Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and Multiple Sclerosis Severity Score (MSSS) in patients with AA genotype and A allele compared with those of genotypes GG and GA, and the G allele, and regression analysis confirmed that this polymorphism is a predictor of disease disability using EDSS. For the IL-18 -607 C/A (rs1946518 C/A) polymorphism, the frequency of mutant AA genotype and A allele showed significant differences between the MS patients and healthy controls. CONCLUSION The TNF-α-308 AA genotype and A allele could be related to disability progression and severity of MS and the IL-18-607 AA genotype A allele could be related to susceptibility of the disease in the Egyptian cohort.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noha M Bakr
- Biochemistry Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Division, National Research Centre (NRC), Giza, Egypt.
| | - Noha A Hashim
- Neurology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Hatim Alaa El-Din El-Baz
- Biochemistry Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Division, National Research Centre (NRC), Giza, Egypt.
| | - Eman Mohammad Khalaf
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Shukry Elharoun
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufiya University, Menoufiya, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Asgharzadeh M, Najafi-Ghalehlou N, Poor BM, Asgharzadeh V, Pourostadi M, Vegari A, Kafil HS, Fadaee M, Farhoudi M, Rashedi J. IFN-γ and TNF-α Gene Polymorphisms in Multiple Sclerosis Patients in Northwest Iran. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2020; 21:520-525. [PMID: 32368988 DOI: 10.2174/1871530320666200505123443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytokines are polypeptides that play critical roles in immune responses. Gene polymorphisms occurring in the inflammatory cytokines are taking a role in autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS), which may induce inappropriate immune responses. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the allelic and genotypic frequencies of interferon gamma gene (IFN-γ) at +874A/T locus and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) at+308A/G locus in MS patients of Azeri population. METHODS At first, a questionnaire was prepared for each of 240 healthy, non-relative, and 152 Azeri MS patients before obtaining the blood sample from all subjects. After DNA extraction, the frequency of alleles and genotypes of the IFN-γ and TNF-α genes at +874A/T and -308G/A loci, respectively, were determined by allele-specific PCR method. Finally, the frequencies were compared between control and MS patients by chi-square test (x2-test) and p<0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS In the IFN-γ +874A/T gene single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), the most allelic and genotypic frequencies in MS patients were the A allele, 55.26% (p=0.04) and the AT genotype, 52.63% (p=0.048). In healthy individuals, it was 65.42% for the A allele and 45.42% for the AA genotype. For the TNF-α 308 G/A SNP, the highest allelic and genotypic frequencies in MS patients were the G allele with 55.92% (p<0.001) and AG genotype with 61.84%, and in healthy subjects, the allelic and genotypic frequencies were 84.2% and 70.8% for the G allele and GG genotype, respectively. CONCLUSION Head trauma, the infection with the herpes virus and Mycoplasma pneumonia, frequent colds and high consumption of canned foods provide grounds for MS. The T allele in the IFN-γ gene (+874) and the genotypes of AA and AG at the TNF-α gene (-308) at the position-308 were considered as potential risk factors for MS. Therefore, the polymorphisms in cytokine genes and following changes in their expression levels can be effective in susceptibility to MS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Asgharzadeh
- Biotechnology Research Center and Faculty of Paramedicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nima Najafi-Ghalehlou
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behroz M Poor
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vahid Asgharzadeh
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahya Pourostadi
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Vegari
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Hossein S Kafil
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Manouchehr Fadaee
- Department of Immunology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Farhoudi
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jalil Rashedi
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Moghbeli M. Genetic and Molecular Biology of Multiple Sclerosis Among Iranian Patients: An Overview. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2019; 40:65-85. [PMID: 31482432 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-019-00731-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one if the common types of autoimmune disorders in developed countries. Various environmental and genetic factors are associated with initiation and progression of MS. It is believed that the life style changes can be one of the main environmental risk factors. The environmental factors are widely studied and reported, whereas minority of reports have considered the role of genetic factors in biology of MS. Although Iran is a low-risk country in the case of MS prevalence, it has been shown that there was a dramatically rising trend of MS prevalence among Iranian population during recent decades. Therefore, it is required to assess the probable MS risk factors in Iran. In the present study, we summarized all of the reported genes until now which have been associated with MS susceptibility among Iranian patients. To clarify the probable molecular biology of MS progression, we categorized these reported genes based on their cellular functions. This review paves the way of introducing a specific population-based diagnostic panel of genetic markers among the Iranian population for the first time in the world.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meysam Moghbeli
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gulel A, Inaloz HS, Nursal AF, Sever T, Pehlivan S. Association of the TNF-α, IL-2, and IL-2RB gene variants with susceptibility to psoriasis in a Turkish cohort. Cent Eur J Immunol 2018; 43:50-7. [PMID: 29736146 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2018.74873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim of the study The aim of this study was to investigate the role TNF-α, IL-2, and IL-2RB variants in psoriasis (Ps) and to evaluate the association between these variants and clinical features. Material and methods A total of 74 psoriatic patients and 74 healthy individuals were genotyped for these variants by PCR and/or RFLP. Results The AA genotype of TNF-α (–308) was significantly more common in the patients (p = 0.013). TNF-α (–238) AA genotype was significantly increased in the patients (p = 0.028), while the GG genotype was decreased in the patient group, compared to the controls (p = 0.016). IL-2 (–330) variant GG and TT genotype was more common in the patients (p = 0.037, p = 0.009, respectively), while IL-2 (–330) GT genotype was increased in the control subjects (p = 0.001). IL-2 (–330) GG genotype frequency was significantly decreased (p = 0.021) and the TT genotype frequency was significantly increased among patients with psoriatic arthritis in comparison with Ps patients (p = 0.014). IL-2RB TC genotype frequency was significantly decreased and TT genotype frequency was significantly increased in the patients with positive family history of Ps compared to those who had a negative family history (p = 0.017, p = 0.014, respectively). Also, IL-2RB CC genotype was significantly increased among the patients with late-onset Ps in comparison with the early onset Ps group (p = 0.009). The frequency of IL-2 (–330) TT genotype was significantly higher in mild Ps patients than moderate-severe patients (p = 0.043). Conclusions Our data suggest a potential role of these genes as candidate genes for susceptibility to Ps in a Turkish cohort.
Collapse
|
7
|
Basmaci C, Pehlivan M, Tomatir A, Sever T, Okan V, Yilmaz M, Oguzkan-Balci S, Pehlivan S. Effects of TNFα, NOS3, MDR1 Gene Polymorphisms on Clinical Parameters, Prognosis and Survival of Multiple Myeloma Cases. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 17:1009-14. [PMID: 27039718 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2016.17.3.1009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
It is not clear how gene polymorphisms affecting drugs can contributes totheir efficacy in multiple myeloma (MM). We here aimed to explore associations among gene polymorphisms of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), nitric oxide synthesis 3 (NOS3) and multi-drug resistance 1 (MDR1), clinical parameters, prognosis and survival in MM patients treated with VAD (vincristine-adriamycine-dexamethasone), MP (mephalane-prednisolone), autolougus stem cell transplantation (ASCT), BODEC (bortezomib-dexamethasone-cyclophosphamide) and TD (thalidomide-dexamethasone). We analyzed TNFα, NOS 3 and MDR1 in 77 patients with MM and 77 healthy controls. The genotyping was performed with PCR and/or PCR-RFLP. There was no clinically significant difference between MM and control groups when TNF α(-238) and (-857) and MDR1 gene polymorphisms were studied. However, the TNFαgene polymorphism (-308) GG genotype (p=0.012) and NOS3 (+894) TT genotype (p=0.008) were more common in the MM group compared to healthy controls. NOS3 (VNTR) AA (p=0.007) and NOS3 (+894) GG genotypes (p=0.004) were decreased in the MM group in contrast. In conclusion, the NOS3 (+894) TT and TNF α(-308) GG genotypes may have roles in myeloma pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Basmaci
- Department of Hematology, Gaziantep University Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep,Turkey E-mail : or
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li S, Huang X, Zhong H, Chen Z, Peng Q, Deng Y, Qin X. Tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) genetic polymorphisms and the risk of autoimmune liver disease: a meta-analysis. J Genet 2014. [PMID: 24371186 DOI: 10.1007/s12041-013-0272-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have evaluated the association between tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)- 308G/A and (TNF-α)- 238G/A polymorphisms, and the risk of autoimmune liver disease (AILD), yet the results are conflicting. To derive a more precise estimation of the relationship, we performed this meta-analysis. A systematic review was conducted to identify all eligible studies of TNF-α polymorphisms and AILD risk. We used odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to assess the strength of the association between the two TNF-α polymorphisms and AILD risk. A total of 15 eligible studies were identified. Overall, positive associations of -308G/A polymorphism with AILD risk were found (A vs G allele: OR =1.45, 95%CI = 1.13- 1.86; AA vs GG: OR = 2.74, 95%CI = 1.51- 4.96; GA vs GG: OR = 1.46, 95%CI = 1.11- 1.92;dominant model: OR = 1.57, 95%CI = 1.18- 2.10; recessive model: OR = 2.22, 95%CI = 1.31- 3.76). In subgroup analysis by ethnicity, a significantly higher risk was found in Caucasians. In subgroup analysis by AILD category, significant association was observed in autoimmune hepatitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis, especially in Caucasians. Patients carrying TNF-α-238A allele had a slightly decreased risk of developing AILD (OR = 0.65, 95%CI = 0.48- 0.87). However, we found both TNF-α polymorphisms were not associated with primary biliary cirrhosis risk, even in subgroup analysis. Our meta-analysis suggests that the TNF-α-308G/A and -238G/A polymorphisms may contribute to AILD susceptibility in Caucasians,especially for autoimmune hepatitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis. Nevertheless, we found both TNF-α polymorphisms were unlikely to be associated with the risk of primary biliary cirrhosis
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, People's Republic of China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Pravica V, Popadic D, Savic E, Markovic M, Drulovic J, Mostarica-Stojkovic M. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in multiple sclerosis: disease susceptibility and treatment response biomarkers. Immunol Res 2012; 52:42-52. [PMID: 22392049 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-012-8273-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system characterized by unpredictable and variable clinical course. Etiology of MS involves both genetic and environmental factors. New technologies identified genetic polymorphisms associated with MS susceptibility among which immunologically relevant genes are significantly overrepresented. Although individual genes contribute only a small part to MS susceptibility, they might be used as biomarkers, thus helping to identify accurate diagnosis, predict clinical disease course and response to therapy. This review focuses on recent progress in research on MS genetics with special emphasis on the possibility to use single nucleotide polymorphism of candidate genes as biomarkers of susceptibility to disease and response to therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vera Pravica
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Belgrade School of Medicine, Dr Subotica 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
Tumour necrosis factor (TNF), an important proinflammatory cytokine, plays a role in the regulation of cell differentiation, proliferation and death, as well as in inflammation, innate and adaptive immune responses, and also implicated in a wide variety of human diseases. The presence of DNA sequence variations in regulatory region might interfere with transcription of TNF gene, influencing the circulating level of TNF and thus increases the susceptibility to human diseases (infectious, cancer, autoimmune, neurodegenerative and other diseases). In this review, we have comprehensively analysed various published case-control studies of different types of human diseases, in which TNF gene polymorphism played a role, and computationally predicted several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) lie in transcription factor-binding sites (TFBS) of transcription factors (TFs). It has been observed that TNF enhancer polymorphism is implicated in several diseases, and TNF rs1800629 and rs361525 SNPs are the most important in human disease susceptibility as these might influence the transcription of TNF gene. Thirty-two SNPs lies in TFBS of 20 TFs have been detected in the TNF upstream region. It has been found that TNF enhancer polymorphism influences the serum level of TNF in different human diseases and thus affects the susceptibility to diseases. The presence of DNA sequence variation in TNF gene causes the modification of transcriptional regulation and thus responsible for association of susceptibility/resistance with human diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Qidwai
- Metabolic and Structural Biology Department, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mirowska-guzel D, Gromadzka G, Mach A, Czlonkowski A, Czlonkowska A. Association of IL1A, IL1B, ILRN, IL6, IL10 and TNF-α polymorphisms with risk and clinical course of multiple sclerosis in a Polish population. J Neuroimmunol 2011; 236:87-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2011.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2011] [Revised: 04/02/2011] [Accepted: 04/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|