Gorlin-Goltz: what's in a name?

Focal dermal hypoplasia: A novel finding in disguise

Focal Dermal Hypoplasia (FDH) or Goltz-Gorlin syndrome is an unusual X-linked dominant syndrome characterised by anomalies of both ectodermal and mesodermal structures. We present a case report on the management of a 58 year old Caucasian male with Focal Dermal Hypoplasia. This report describes an additional clinical manifestation of an intraosseous mandibular lipoma, which has not been previously described in cases of FDH. Intraosseous lipomas in the head and neck region are reported in only seventeen cases in isolation of any associated syndrome. Diagnosis was hindered due to similitude with Nevoid Basal Cell Carcinoma Syndrome (Gorlin-Goltz Syndrome) which despite similar nomenclature, is an exclusively separate condition This novel finding encourages clinicians to consider unusual differential diagnoses in such cases and highlights the importance of avoiding eponyms to prevent confusion with similar conditions.

Clinical manifestations of terminal osseous dysplasia and pigmentary defects in a young girl

Terminal osseous dysplasia and pigmentary defects is a rare X-linked dominant disorder with prenatal male lethality. Affected females display multiple systemic abnormalities such as limb deformities and pigmented lesions of the face and scalp. Phenotypic expression of the syndrome varies among the affected individuals. In this case report, we describe the syndromic dental and oral abnormalities in a female child aged 3 and 1/2 years. A widened bigonial width of the mandible and a brachyfacial pattern are observed. Intraoral findings include multiple frenulae, shallow mucobuccal fold, hypodontia, conical incisors, and other developmental structural defects.

Focal dermal hypoplasia -- oral and dental findings

This report describes the case of an 8-year-old girl with focal dermal hypoplasia. As well as deformities affecting her hands and feet she had marked facial asymmetry, one diminutive eye and coloboma affecting the other. Intraorally, the patient had papillomas at the base of the tongue and tonsils. Her teeth showed irregular spacing, hypodontia, enamel hypoplasia, anomalous tooth form and delayed development. Radiographically, several teeth showed abnormal form. The patient's previous surgical experiences had adversely affected her behaviour and treatment has been limited to patient motivation and oral hygiene instructions, acclimatization, and simple restorative care.