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Li B, Zhai G, Dong Y, Wang L, Ma P. Recent progress on the CRISPR/Cas system in optical biosensors. Anal Methods 2024; 16:798-816. [PMID: 38259224 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay02147e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated (Cas) protein systems are adaptive immune systems unique to archaea and bacteria, with the characteristics of targeted recognition and gene editing to resist the invasion of foreign nucleic acids. Biosensors combined with the CRISPR/Cas system and optical detection technology have attracted much attention in medical diagnoses, food safety, agricultural progress, and environmental monitoring owing to their good sensitivity, high selectivity, and fast detection efficiency. In this review, we introduce the mechanism of CRISPR/Cas systems and developments in this area, followed by summarizing recent progress on CRISPR/Cas system-based optical biosensors combined with colorimetric, fluorescence, electrochemiluminescence and surface-enhanced Raman scattering optical techniques in various fields. Finally, we discuss the challenges and future perspectives of CRISPR/Cas systems in optical biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqian Li
- School of Special Education and Rehabilitation, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China.
| | - Guangyu Zhai
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Yaru Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Lan Wang
- School of Special Education and Rehabilitation, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China.
| | - Peng Ma
- School of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China.
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2
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Azizi-Dargahlou S, Pouresmaeil M. Agrobacterium tumefaciens-Mediated Plant Transformation: A Review. Mol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s12033-023-00788-x. [PMID: 37340198 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00788-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated plant transformation is the most dominant technique for the transformation of plants. It is used to transform monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants. A. tumefaciens apply for stable and transient transformation, random and targeted integration of foreign genes, as well as genome editing of plants. The Advantages of this method include cheapness, uncomplicated operation, high reproducibility, a low copy number of integrated transgenes, and the possibility of transferring larger DNA fragments. Engineered endonucleases such as CRISPR/Cas9 systems, TALENs, and ZFNs can be delivered with this method. Nowadays, Agrobacterium-mediated transformation is used for the Knock in, Knock down, and Knock out of genes. The transformation effectiveness of this method is not always desirable. Researchers applied various strategies to improve the effectiveness of this method. Here, a general overview of the characteristics and mechanism of gene transfer with Agrobacterium is presented. Advantages, updated data on the factors involved in optimizing this method, and other useful materials that lead to maximum exploitation as well as overcoming obstacles of this method are discussed. Moreover, the application of this method in the generation of genetically edited plants is stated. This review can help researchers to establish a rapid and highly effective Agrobacterium-mediated transformation protocol for any plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahin Pouresmaeil
- Department of Biotechnology, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
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3
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Szabała BM. A bifunctional selectable marker for wheat transformation contributes to the characterization of male-sterile phenotype induced by a synthetic Ms2 gene. Plant Cell Rep 2023; 42:895-907. [PMID: 36867203 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-023-02998-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE An engineered selectable marker combining herbicide resistance and yellow fluorescence contributes to the characterization of male-sterile phenotype in wheat, the severity of which correlates with expression levels of a synthetic Ms2 gene. Genetic transformation of wheat is conducted using selectable markers, such as herbicide and antibiotic resistance genes. Despite their proven effectiveness, they do not provide visual control of the transformation process and transgene status in progeny, which creates uncertainty and prolongs screening procedures. To overcome this limitation, this study developed a fusion protein by combining gene sequences encoding phosphinothricin acetyltransferase and mCitrine fluorescent protein. The fusion gene, introduced into wheat cells by particle bombardment, enabled herbicide selection, and visual identification of primary transformants along with their progeny. This marker was then used to select transgenic plants containing a synthetic Ms2 gene. Ms2 is a dominant gene whose activation in wheat anthers leads to male sterility, but the relationship between the expression levels and the male-sterile phenotype is unknown. The Ms2 gene was driven either by a truncated Ms2 promoter containing a TRIM element or a rice promoter OsLTP6. The expression of these synthetic genes resulted in complete male sterility or partial fertility, respectively. The low-fertility phenotype was characterized by smaller anthers than the wild type, many defective pollen grains, and low seed sets. The reduction in the size of anthers was observed at earlier and later stages of their development. Consistently, Ms2 transcripts were detected in these organs, but their levels were significantly lower than those in completely sterile Ms2TRIM::Ms2 plants. These results suggested that the severity of the male-sterile phenotype was modulated by Ms2 expression levels and that higher levels may be key to activating total male sterility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz M Szabała
- Institute of Biology, Department of Genetics, Breeding and Plant Biotechnology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 166 St., 02-787, Warsaw, Poland.
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Singh C, Kumar R, Sehgal H, Bhati S, Singhal T, Gayacharan, Nimmy MS, Yadav R, Gupta SK, Abdallah NA, Hamwieh A, Kumar R. Unclasping potentials of genomics and gene editing in chickpea to fight climate change and global hunger threat. Front Genet 2023; 14:1085024. [PMID: 37144131 PMCID: PMC10153629 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1085024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Genomics and genome editing promise enormous opportunities for crop improvement and elementary research. Precise modification in the specific targeted location of a genome has profited over the unplanned insertional events which are generally accomplished employing unadventurous means of genetic modifications. The advent of new genome editing procedures viz; zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), homing endonucleases, transcription activator like effector nucleases (TALENs), Base Editors (BEs), and Primer Editors (PEs) enable molecular scientists to modulate gene expressions or create novel genes with high precision and efficiency. However, all these techniques are exorbitant and tedious since their prerequisites are difficult processes that necessitate protein engineering. Contrary to first generation genome modifying methods, CRISPR/Cas9 is simple to construct, and clones can hypothetically target several locations in the genome with different guide RNAs. Following the model of the application in crop with the help of the CRISPR/Cas9 module, various customized Cas9 cassettes have been cast off to advance mark discrimination and diminish random cuts. The present study discusses the progression in genome editing apparatuses, and their applications in chickpea crop development, scientific limitations, and future perspectives for biofortifying cytokinin dehydrogenase, nitrate reductase, superoxide dismutase to induce drought resistance, heat tolerance and higher yield in chickpea to encounter global climate change, hunger and nutritional threats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charul Singh
- USBT, Guru Govind Singh Indraprastha University, Delhi, India
| | - Ramesh Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad Prayagraj, Prayagraj, India
| | - Hansa Sehgal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Sciences, Pilani, India
| | - Sharmista Bhati
- School of Biotechnology, Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Tripti Singhal
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Gayacharan
- Division of Germplasm Evaluation, ICAR- National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
| | - M. S. Nimmy
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | | | - Aladdin Hamwieh
- The International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rajendra Kumar
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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5
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Liu BR, Chen CW, Huang YW, Lee HJ. Cell-Penetrating Peptides for Use in Development of Transgenic Plants. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083367. [PMID: 37110602 PMCID: PMC10142301 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetically modified plants and crops can contribute to remarkable increase in global food supply, with improved yield and resistance to plant diseases or insect pests. The development of biotechnology introducing exogenous nucleic acids in transgenic plants is important for plant health management. Different genetic engineering methods for DNA delivery, such as biolistic methods, Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation, and other physicochemical methods have been developed to improve translocation across the plasma membrane and cell wall in plants. Recently, the peptide-based gene delivery system, mediated by cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), has been regarded as a promising non-viral tool for efficient and stable gene transfection into both animal and plant cells. CPPs are short peptides with diverse sequences and functionalities, capable of agitating plasma membrane and entering cells. Here, we highlight recent research and ideas on diverse types of CPPs, which have been applied in DNA delivery in plants. Various basic, amphipathic, cyclic, and branched CPPs were designed, and modifications of functional groups were performed to enhance DNA interaction and stabilization in transgenesis. CPPs were able to carry cargoes in either a covalent or noncovalent manner and to internalize CPP/cargo complexes into cells by either direct membrane translocation or endocytosis. Importantly, subcellular targets of CPP-mediated nucleic acid delivery were reviewed. CPPs offer transfection strategies and influence transgene expression at subcellular localizations, such as in plastids, mitochondria, and the nucleus. In summary, the technology of CPP-mediated gene delivery provides a potent and useful tool to genetically modified plants and crops of the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betty Revon Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970374, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Wei Chen
- Department of Life Science, College of Science and Engineering, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974301, Taiwan
| | - Yue-Wern Huang
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts, Sciences, and Education, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, USA
| | - Han-Jung Lee
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, College of Environmental Studies and Oceanography, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974301, Taiwan
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6
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May D, Paldi K, Altpeter F. Targeted mutagenesis with sequence-specific nucleases for accelerated improvement of polyploid crops: Progress, challenges, and prospects. Plant Genome 2023:e20298. [PMID: 36692095 DOI: 10.1002/tpg2.20298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Many of the world's most important crops are polyploid. The presence of more than two sets of chromosomes within their nuclei and frequently aberrant reproductive biology in polyploids present obstacles to conventional breeding. The presence of a larger number of homoeologous copies of each gene makes random mutation breeding a daunting task for polyploids. Genome editing has revolutionized improvement of polyploid crops as multiple gene copies and/or alleles can be edited simultaneously while preserving the key attributes of elite cultivars. Most genome-editing platforms employ sequence-specific nucleases (SSNs) to generate DNA double-stranded breaks at their target gene. Such DNA breaks are typically repaired via the error-prone nonhomologous end-joining process, which often leads to frame shift mutations, causing loss of gene function. Genome editing has enhanced the disease resistance, yield components, and end-use quality of polyploid crops. However, identification of candidate targets, genotyping, and requirement of high mutagenesis efficiency remain bottlenecks for targeted mutagenesis in polyploids. In this review, we will survey the tremendous progress of SSN-mediated targeted mutagenesis in polyploid crop improvement, discuss its challenges, and identify optimizations needed to sustain further progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- David May
- Agronomy Department, University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Gainesville, FL, USA
- DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Katalin Paldi
- Agronomy Department, University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Gainesville, FL, USA
- DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Fredy Altpeter
- Agronomy Department, University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Gainesville, FL, USA
- DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Plant Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, Genetics Institute, University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Gainesville, FL, USA
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7
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Wu H, Zhang K, Zhang Z, Wang J, Jia P, Cong L, Li J, Duan Y, Ke F, Zhang F, Liu Z, Lu F, Wang Y, Li Z, Chang M, Zou J, Zhu K. Cell-penetrating peptide: A powerful delivery tool for DNA-free crop genome editing. Plant Sci 2022; 324:111436. [PMID: 36037982 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Genome editing system based on the CRISPR/Cas (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) technology is a milestone for biology. However, public concerns regarding genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and recalcitrance in the crop of choice for regeneration have limited its application. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are derived from protein transduction domains (PTDs) that can take on various cargoes across the plant wall, and membrane of target cells. Selected CPPs show mild cytotoxicity and are a suitable delivery tool for DNA-free genome editing. Moreover, CPPs may also be applied for the transient delivery of morphogenic transcription factors, also known as developmental regulators (DRs), to overcome the bottleneck of the crop of choice regeneration. In this review, we introduce a brief history of cell-penetrating peptides and discuss the practice of CPP-mediated DNA-free transfection and the prospects of this potential delivery tool for improving crop genome editing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Wu
- Sorghum Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110161, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Kuangye Zhang
- Sorghum Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110161, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zhipeng Zhang
- Sorghum Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110161, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jiaxu Wang
- Sorghum Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110161, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Pengxiang Jia
- Zhejiang Wanli University, 315100 Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ling Cong
- Sorghum Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110161, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jia Li
- Sorghum Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110161, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Youhou Duan
- Sorghum Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110161, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Fulai Ke
- Sorghum Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110161, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Fei Zhang
- Sorghum Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110161, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- Sorghum Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110161, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Feng Lu
- Sorghum Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110161, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yanqiu Wang
- Sorghum Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110161, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zhihua Li
- Sorghum Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110161, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ming Chang
- The Key Laboratory of Bio-interactions and Plant Health, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Jianqiu Zou
- Sorghum Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110161, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Kai Zhu
- Sorghum Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110161, Liaoning Province, China.
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8
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Gouthu S, Mandelli C, Eubanks BA, Deluc LG. Transgene-free genome editing and RNAi ectopic application in fruit trees: Potential and limitations. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:979742. [PMID: 36325537 PMCID: PMC9621297 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.979742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
For the past fifteen years, significant research advances in sequencing technology have led to a substantial increase in fruit tree genomic resources and databases with a massive number of OMICS datasets (transcriptomic, proteomics, metabolomics), helping to find associations between gene(s) and performance traits. Meanwhile, new technology tools have emerged for gain- and loss-of-function studies, specifically in gene silencing and developing tractable plant models for genetic transformation. Additionally, innovative and adapted transformation protocols have optimized genetic engineering in most fruit trees. The recent explosion of new gene-editing tools allows for broadening opportunities for functional studies in fruit trees. Yet, the fruit tree research community has not fully embraced these new technologies to provide large-scale genome characterizations as in cereals and other staple food crops. Instead, recent research efforts in the fruit trees appear to focus on two primary translational tools: transgene-free gene editing via Ribonucleoprotein (RNP) delivery and the ectopic application of RNA-based products in the field for crop protection. The inherent nature of the propagation system and the long juvenile phase of most fruit trees are significant justifications for the first technology. The second approach might have the public favor regarding sustainability and an eco-friendlier environment for a crop production system that could potentially replace the use of chemicals. Regardless of their potential, both technologies still depend on the foundational knowledge of gene-to-trait relationships generated from basic genetic studies. Therefore, we will discuss the status of gene silencing and DNA-based gene editing techniques for functional studies in fruit trees followed by the potential and limitations of their translational tools (RNP delivery and RNA-based products) in the context of crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyanarayana Gouthu
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Christian Mandelli
- Oregon Wine Research Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Britt A. Eubanks
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Laurent G. Deluc
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
- Oregon Wine Research Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
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9
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Rustgi S, Naveed S, Windham J, Zhang H, Demirer GS. Plant biomacromolecule delivery methods in the 21st century. Front Genome Ed 2022; 4:1011934. [PMID: 36311974 PMCID: PMC9614364 DOI: 10.3389/fgeed.2022.1011934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The 21st century witnessed a boom in plant genomics and gene characterization studies through RNA interference and site-directed mutagenesis. Specifically, the last 15 years marked a rapid increase in discovering and implementing different genome editing techniques. Methods to deliver gene editing reagents have also attempted to keep pace with the discovery and implementation of gene editing tools in plants. As a result, various transient/stable, quick/lengthy, expensive (requiring specialized equipment)/inexpensive, and versatile/specific (species, developmental stage, or tissue) methods were developed. A brief account of these methods with emphasis on recent developments is provided in this review article. Additionally, the strengths and limitations of each method are listed to allow the reader to select the most appropriate method for their specific studies. Finally, a perspective for future developments and needs in this research area is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Rustgi
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, School of Health Research, Clemson University Pee Dee Research and Education Center, Florence, SC, United States,*Correspondence: Sachin Rustgi, ; Gözde S. Demirer,
| | - Salman Naveed
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, School of Health Research, Clemson University Pee Dee Research and Education Center, Florence, SC, United States
| | - Jonathan Windham
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, School of Health Research, Clemson University Pee Dee Research and Education Center, Florence, SC, United States
| | - Huan Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gözde S. Demirer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States,*Correspondence: Sachin Rustgi, ; Gözde S. Demirer,
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10
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Wijerathna-Yapa A, Ramtekey V, Ranawaka B, Basnet BR. Applications of In Vitro Tissue Culture Technologies in Breeding and Genetic Improvement of Wheat. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:2273. [PMID: 36079653 PMCID: PMC9459818 DOI: 10.3390/plants11172273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Sources of new genetic variability have been limited to existing germplasm in the past. Wheat has been studied extensively for various agronomic traits located throughout the genome. The large size of the chromosomes and the ability of its polyploid genome to tolerate the addition or loss of chromosomes facilitated rapid progress in the early study of wheat genetics using cytogenetic techniques. At the same time, its large genome size has limited the progress in genetic characterization studies focused on diploid species, with a small genome and genetic engineering procedures already developed. Today, the genetic transformation and gene editing procedures offer attractive alternatives to conventional techniques for breeding wheat because they allow one or more of the genes to be introduced or altered into an elite cultivar without affecting its genetic background. Recently, significant advances have been made in regenerating various plant tissues, providing the essential basis for regenerating transgenic plants. In addition, Agrobacterium-mediated, biolistic, and in planta particle bombardment (iPB) gene delivery procedures have been developed for wheat transformation and advanced transgenic wheat development. As a result, several useful genes are now available that have been transferred or would be helpful to be transferred to wheat in addition to the current traditional effort to improve trait values, such as resistance to abiotic and biotic factors, grain quality, and plant architecture. Furthermore, the in planta genome editing method will significantly contribute to the social implementation of genome-edited crops to innovate the breeding pipeline and leverage unique climate adaptations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akila Wijerathna-Yapa
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Plant Success in Nature and Agriculture, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Vinita Ramtekey
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Seed Science, Kushmaur, Mau, Uttar Pradesh 275103, India
| | - Buddhini Ranawaka
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Plant Success in Nature and Agriculture, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
- Centre for Agriculture and the Bioeconomy, Institute for Future Environments, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Bhoja Raj Basnet
- Global Wheat Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), El Batán 56237, Mexico
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11
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Eliby S, Bekkuzhina S, Kishchenko O, Iskakova G, Kylyshbayeva G, Jatayev S, Soole K, Langridge P, Borisjuk N, Shavrukov Y. Developments and prospects for doubled haploid wheat. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 60:108007. [PMID: 35732257 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.108007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Doubled haploid production is a valuable biotechnology that can accelerate the breeding of new wheat varieties by several years through the one-step creation of 100% homozygous plants. The technology also plays important role in studying the genetic control of traits in wheat, in marker-assisted selection, in genomics and in genetic engineering. In this paper, recent advances in androgenesis and gynogenesis techniques, emphasizing predominantly the in vitro culture phase, as well as the emerging innovative approaches in researching and producing wheat doubled haploids are reviewed. Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)-based genome editing, that allows targeted mutagenesis and gene targeting, is being tested extensively as a powerful and precise tool to induce doubled haploids in wheat. The review provides the reader with recent examples of gene modifications in wheat to induce haploidy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serik Eliby
- University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, SA, Australia
| | - Sara Bekkuzhina
- Faculty of Agronomy, S.Seifullin Kazakh AgroTechnical University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Olena Kishchenko
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, China; Institute of Cell Biology and Genetic Engineering, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Gulnur Iskakova
- Kazakh Agrarian National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan; Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Satyvaldy Jatayev
- Faculty of Agronomy, S.Seifullin Kazakh AgroTechnical University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Kathleen Soole
- College of Science and Engineering, Biological Sciences, Flinders University, SA, Australia
| | - Peter Langridge
- University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, SA, Australia; Wheat Initiative, Julius-Kühn-Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nikolai Borisjuk
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, China
| | - Yuri Shavrukov
- College of Science and Engineering, Biological Sciences, Flinders University, SA, Australia.
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Miyamoto T, Toyooka K, Chuah JA, Odahara M, Higchi-Takeuchi M, Goto Y, Motoda Y, Kigawa T, Kodama Y, Numata K. A Synthetic Multidomain Peptide That Drives a Macropinocytosis-Like Mechanism for Cytosolic Transport of Exogenous Proteins into Plants. JACS Au 2022; 2:223-233. [PMID: 35098239 PMCID: PMC8790739 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Direct delivery of proteins into plants represents a promising alternative to conventional gene delivery for probing and modulating cellular functions without the risk of random integration of transgenes into the host genome. This remains challenging, however, because of the lack of a protein delivery tool applicable to diverse plant species and the limited information about the entry mechanisms of exogenous proteins in plant cells. Here, we present the synthetic multidomain peptide (named dTat-Sar-EED4) for cytosolic protein delivery in various plant species via simple peptide-protein coincubation. dTat-Sar-EED4 enabled the cytosolic delivery of an active enzyme with up to ∼20-fold greater efficiency than previously described cell-penetrating peptides in several model plant systems. Our analyses using pharmacological inhibitors and transmission electron microscopy revealed that dTat-Sar-EED4 triggered a unique endocytic mechanism for cargo protein internalization. This endocytic mechanism shares several features with macropinocytosis, including the dependency of actin polymerization, sensitivity to phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase activity, and formation of membrane protrusions and large intracellular vesicles (>200 nm in diameter), even though macropinocytosis has not been identified to date in plants. Our study thus presents a robust molecular tool that can induce a unique cellular uptake mechanism for the efficient transport of bioactive proteins into plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Miyamoto
- Biomacromolecules
Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kiminori Toyooka
- Technology
Platform Division, Mass Spectrometry and Microscopy Unit, RIKEN Center
for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Jo-Ann Chuah
- Biomacromolecules
Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Masaki Odahara
- Biomacromolecules
Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Mieko Higchi-Takeuchi
- Biomacromolecules
Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yumi Goto
- Technology
Platform Division, Mass Spectrometry and Microscopy Unit, RIKEN Center
for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Yoko Motoda
- Biomacromolecules
Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Laboratory
for Cellular Structural Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics
Research, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Takanori Kigawa
- Laboratory
for Cellular Structural Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics
Research, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kodama
- Biomacromolecules
Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Center
for Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya
University, Tochigi 321-8505, Japan
| | - Keiji Numata
- Biomacromolecules
Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department
of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto-Daigaku-Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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Dubas E, Żur I, Moravčiková J, Fodor J, Krzewska M, Surówka E, Nowicka A, Gerši Z. Proteins, Small Peptides and Other Signaling Molecules Identified as Inconspicuous but Possibly Important Players in Microspores Reprogramming Toward Embryogenesis. Front Sustain Food Syst 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2021.745865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we describe and integrate the latest knowledge on the signaling role of proteins and peptides in the stress-induced microspore embryogenesis (ME) in some crop plants with agricultural importance (i.e., oilseed rape, tobacco, barley, wheat, rice, triticale, rye). Based on the results received from the most advanced omix analyses, we have selected some inconspicuous but possibly important players in microspores reprogramming toward embryogenic development. We provide an overview of the roles and downstream effect of stress-related proteins (e.g., β-1,3-glucanases, chitinases) and small signaling peptides, especially cysteine—(e.g., glutathione, γ-thionins, rapid alkalinization factor, lipid transfer, phytosulfokine) and glycine-rich peptides and other proteins (e.g., fasciclin-like arabinogalactan protein) on acclimation ability of microspores and the cell wall reconstruction in a context of ME induction and haploids/doubled haploids (DHs) production. Application of these molecules, stimulating the induction and proper development of embryo-like structures and green plant regeneration, brings significant improvement of the effectiveness of DHs procedures and could result in its wider incorporation on a commercial scale. Recent advances in the design and construction of synthetic peptides–mainly cysteine-rich peptides and their derivatives–have accelerated the development of new DNA-free genome-editing techniques. These new systems are evolving incredibly fast and soon will find application in many areas of plant science and breeding.
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14
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Abstract
Emerging threats of climate change require the rapid development of improved varieties with a higher tolerance to abiotic and biotic factors. Despite the success of traditional agricultural practices, novel techniques for precise manipulation of the crop's genome are needed. Doubled haploid (DH) methods have been used for decades in major crops to fix desired alleles in elite backgrounds in a short time. DH plants are also widely used for mapping of the quantitative trait loci (QTLs), marker-assisted selection (MAS), genomic selection (GS), and hybrid production. Recent discoveries of genes responsible for haploid induction (HI) allowed engineering this trait through gene editing (GE) in non-inducer varieties of different crops. Direct editing of gametes or haploid embryos increases GE efficiency by generating null homozygous plants following chromosome doubling. Increased understanding of the underlying genetic mechanisms responsible for spontaneous chromosome doubling in haploid plants may allow transferring this trait to different elite varieties. Overall, further improvement in the efficiency of the DH technology combined with the optimized GE could accelerate breeding efforts of the major crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Bhowmik
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council of Canada, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W9, Canada;
| | - Andriy Bilichak
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden Research and Development Centre, Morden, MB R6M 1Y5, Canada
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15
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Matres JM, Hilscher J, Datta A, Armario-Nájera V, Baysal C, He W, Huang X, Zhu C, Valizadeh-Kamran R, Trijatmiko KR, Capell T, Christou P, Stoger E, Slamet-Loedin IH. Genome editing in cereal crops: an overview. Transgenic Res 2021; 30:461-498. [PMID: 34263445 PMCID: PMC8316241 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-021-00259-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Genome-editing technologies offer unprecedented opportunities for crop improvement with superior precision and speed. This review presents an analysis of the current state of genome editing in the major cereal crops- rice, maize, wheat and barley. Genome editing has been used to achieve important agronomic and quality traits in cereals. These include adaptive traits to mitigate the effects of climate change, tolerance to biotic stresses, higher yields, more optimal plant architecture, improved grain quality and nutritional content, and safer products. Not all traits can be achieved through genome editing, and several technical and regulatory challenges need to be overcome for the technology to realize its full potential. Genome editing, however, has already revolutionized cereal crop improvement and is poised to shape future agricultural practices in conjunction with other breeding innovations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerlie Mhay Matres
- Genetic Design and Validation Unit, International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Philippines
| | - Julia Hilscher
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Akash Datta
- Genetic Design and Validation Unit, International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Philippines
| | - Victoria Armario-Nájera
- Department of Plant Production and Forestry Science, School of Agrifood and Forestry Science and Engineering (ETSEA), University of Lleida-Agrotecnio CERCA Center, Lleida, Spain
| | - Can Baysal
- Department of Plant Production and Forestry Science, School of Agrifood and Forestry Science and Engineering (ETSEA), University of Lleida-Agrotecnio CERCA Center, Lleida, Spain
| | - Wenshu He
- Department of Plant Production and Forestry Science, School of Agrifood and Forestry Science and Engineering (ETSEA), University of Lleida-Agrotecnio CERCA Center, Lleida, Spain
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Plant Production and Forestry Science, School of Agrifood and Forestry Science and Engineering (ETSEA), University of Lleida-Agrotecnio CERCA Center, Lleida, Spain
| | - Changfu Zhu
- Department of Plant Production and Forestry Science, School of Agrifood and Forestry Science and Engineering (ETSEA), University of Lleida-Agrotecnio CERCA Center, Lleida, Spain
| | - Rana Valizadeh-Kamran
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Biotechnology, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Kurniawan R Trijatmiko
- Genetic Design and Validation Unit, International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Philippines
| | - Teresa Capell
- Department of Plant Production and Forestry Science, School of Agrifood and Forestry Science and Engineering (ETSEA), University of Lleida-Agrotecnio CERCA Center, Lleida, Spain
| | - Paul Christou
- Department of Plant Production and Forestry Science, School of Agrifood and Forestry Science and Engineering (ETSEA), University of Lleida-Agrotecnio CERCA Center, Lleida, Spain
- ICREA, Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Stoger
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Inez H Slamet-Loedin
- Genetic Design and Validation Unit, International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Philippines.
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16
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Fujita S, Motoda Y, Kigawa T, Tsuchiya K, Numata K. Peptide-Based Polyion Complex Vesicles That Deliver Enzymes into Intact Plants To Provide Antibiotic Resistance without Genetic Modification. Biomacromolecules 2020; 22:1080-1090. [PMID: 33316156 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Direct delivery of enzymes into intact plants using cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) is an attractive approach for modifying plant functions without genetic modification. However, by conventional methods, it is difficult to maintain the enzyme activity for a long time because of proteolysis of the enzymes under physiological conditions. Here, we developed a novel enzyme delivery system using polyion complex vesicles (PICsomes) to protect the enzyme from proteases. We created PICsome-bearing reactive groups at the surface by mixing an anionic block copolymer, alkyne-TEG-P(Lys-COOH), and a cationic peptide, P(Lys). The PICsome encapsulated neomycin phosphotransferase II (NPTII), a kanamycin resistance enzyme, and protected NPTII from proteases in vitro. A CPP-modified PICsome delivered NPTII into the root hair cells of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings and provided kanamycin resistance in the seedlings that lasted for 7 days. Thus, the PICsome-mediated enzyme delivery system is a promising method for imparting long-term transient traits to plants without genetic modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiya Fujita
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yoko Motoda
- Biomacromolecules Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Takanori Kigawa
- RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Laboratory for Cellular Structural Biology, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Kousuke Tsuchiya
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Keiji Numata
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.,Biomacromolecules Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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17
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Chen G, Zhou Y, Kishchenko O, Stepanenko A, Jatayev S, Zhang D, Borisjuk N. Gene editing to facilitate hybrid crop production. Biotechnol Adv 2020; 46:107676. [PMID: 33285253 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2020.107676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Capturing heterosis (hybrid vigor) is a promising way to increase productivity in many crops; hybrid crops often have superior yields, disease resistance, and stress tolerance compared with their parental inbred lines. The full utilization of heterosis faces a number of technical problems related to the specifics of crop reproductive biology, such as difficulties with generating and maintaining male-sterile lines and the low efficiency of natural cross-pollination for some genetic combinations. Innovative technologies, such as development of artificial in vitro systems for hybrid production and apomixis-based systems for maintenance of the resulting heterotic progeny, may substantially facilitate the production of hybrids. Genome editing using specifically targeted nucleases, such as clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated nuclease 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) systems, which recognize targets by RNA:DNA complementarity, has recently become an integral part of research and development in life science. In this review, we summarize the progress of genome editing technologies for facilitating the generation of mutant male sterile lines, applications of haploids for hybrid production, and the use of apomixis for the clonal propagation of elite hybrid lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guimin Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, China
| | - Yuzhen Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, China.
| | - Olena Kishchenko
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, China; Institute of Cell Biology & Genetic Engineering, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine.
| | - Anton Stepanenko
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, China; Institute of Cell Biology & Genetic Engineering, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine.
| | - Satyvaldy Jatayev
- Faculty of Agronomy, S. Seifullin Kazakh AgroTechnical University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Dabing Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia.
| | - Nikolai Borisjuk
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, China.
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18
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Naegeli H, Bresson J, Dalmay T, Dewhurst IC, Epstein MM, Firbank LG, Guerche P, Hejatko J, Moreno FJ, Mullins E, Nogué F, Sánchez Serrano JJ, Savoini G, Veromann E, Veronesi F, Casacuberta J, Gennaro A, Paraskevopoulos K, Raffaello T, Rostoks N. Applicability of the EFSA Opinion on site-directed nucleases type 3 for the safety assessment of plants developed using site-directed nucleases type 1 and 2 and oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis. EFSA J 2020; 18:e06299. [PMID: 33281977 PMCID: PMC7684970 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2020.6299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The European Commission requested the EFSA Panel on Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO) to assess whether section 4 (hazard identification) and the conclusions of EFSA's Scientific opinion on the risk assessment of plants developed using zinc finger nuclease type 3 technique (ZFN-3) and other site-directed nucleases (SDN) with similar function are valid for plants developed via SDN-1, SDN-2 and oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis (ODM). In delivering this Opinion, the GMO Panel compared the hazards associated with plants produced via SDN-1, SDN-2 and ODM with those associated with plants obtained via both SDN-3 and conventional breeding. Unlike for SDN-3 methods, the application of SDN-1, SDN-2 and ODM approaches aims to modify genomic sequences in a way which can result in plants not containing any transgene, intragene or cisgene. Consequently, the GMO Panel concludes that those considerations which are specifically related to the presence of a transgene, intragene or cisgene included in section 4 and the conclusions of the Opinion on SDN-3 are not relevant to plants obtained via SDN-1, SDN-2 or ODM as defined in this Opinion. Overall, the GMO Panel did not identify new hazards specifically linked to the genomic modification produced via SDN-1, SDN-2 or ODM as compared with both SDN-3 and conventional breeding. Furthermore, the GMO Panel considers that the existing Guidance for risk assessment of food and feed from genetically modified plants and the Guidance on the environmental risk assessment of genetically modified plants are sufficient but are only partially applicable to plants generated via SDN-1, SDN-2 or ODM. Indeed, those guidance documents' requirements that are linked to the presence of exogenous DNA are not relevant for the risk assessment of plants developed via SDN-1, SDN-2 or ODM approaches if the genome of the final product does not contain exogenous DNA.
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19
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Thagun C, Motoda Y, Kigawa T, Kodama Y, Numata K. Simultaneous introduction of multiple biomacromolecules into plant cells using a cell-penetrating peptide nanocarrier. Nanoscale 2020; 12:18844-18856. [PMID: 32896843 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr04718j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Plant cells contain groups of biomolecules that participate together in a particular biological process. Exogenous codelivery of multiple biomolecules is an essential step for elucidation of the biological significance of these molecules and enables various biotechnological applications in plants. However, the currently existing biomolecule delivery methods face difficulties in delivering multiple components into plant cells, mediating transgene expression, and maintaining the stability of the numerous components and lead to delays in biomolecular function. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) have demonstrated remarkable abilities to introduce diverse biomolecules into various plant species. Here, we employed the engineered CPP KH9-BP100 as a carrier to deliver multiple biomolecules into plant cells and performed a bimolecular fluorescence complementation assay to assess the simultaneous introduction of multiple biomolecules. We demonstrate that multiple biomolecule/CPP cargos can be simultaneously internalized by a particular plant cell, albeit with different efficiencies. We present a cutting-edge technique for codelivery of multiple biomolecules into plant cells that can be used for elucidation of functional correlations and for metabolic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chonprakun Thagun
- Biomacromolecules Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
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