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Zhu J, Zhang L, Xue Z, Li Z, Wang C, Chen F, Li Y, Dai Y, Zhou Y, Zhou S, Chen X, Okumura-Noji K, Lu R, Yokoyama S, Su C. Vaccination against the HDL receptor of S. japonicum inhibits egg embryonation and prevents fatal hepatic complication in rabbit model. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023; 17:e0011749. [PMID: 38019787 PMCID: PMC10686426 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schistosomiasis is one of the most important neglected tropical infectious diseases to overcome and the primary cause of its pathogenesis is ectopic maturation of the parasite eggs. Uptake of cholesteryl ester from the host high-density lipoprotein (HDL) is a key in this process in Schistosoma japonicum and CD36-related protein (CD36RP) has been identified as the receptor for this reaction. Antibody against the extracellular domain of CD36RP (Ex160) efficiently blocked the HDL cholesteryl ester uptake and the egg embryonation in vitro. However, whether Ex160 immunization could efficiently raise proper antibody responses to sufficiently block HDL cholesteryl ester uptake and the egg embryonation to protect host in vivo is very interesting but unknown. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS In this study, rabbits were immunized with the recombinant Ex160 peptide (rEx160) to evaluate its anti-pathogenic vaccine potential. Immunization with rEx160 induced consistent anti-Ex160 IgG antibody and significant reduction in development of the liver granulomatosis lesions associated with suppressed intrahepatic maturation of the schistosome eggs. The immunization with rEx160 rescued reduction of serum HDL by the infection without changing its size distribution, being consistent with interference of the HDL lipid uptake by the parasites or their eggs by antibody against Ex160 in in vitro culture. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE The results demonstrated that vaccination strategy against nutritional supply pathway of the parasite is effective for reducing its pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jifeng Zhu
- National Vaccine Innovation Platform, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Department of Blood Transfusion of Central China Fuwai Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zechao Xue
- National Vaccine Innovation Platform, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zilüe Li
- National Vaccine Innovation Platform, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chun Wang
- National Vaccine Innovation Platform, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fanyan Chen
- National Vaccine Innovation Platform, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yalin Li
- National Vaccine Innovation Platform, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Dai
- Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yonghua Zhou
- Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sha Zhou
- National Vaccine Innovation Platform, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaojun Chen
- National Vaccine Innovation Platform, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | | | - Rui Lu
- Food and Nutritional Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Shinji Yokoyama
- Food and Nutritional Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Chuan Su
- National Vaccine Innovation Platform, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Maggi L, Camelo GMA, Rocha IC, Pereira Alves W, Moreira JMP, Almeida Pereira T, Tafuri WL, Rabelo ÉML, Correa A, Ecco R, Negrão-Corrêa DA. Role of the IL-33/ST2 Activation Pathway in the Development of the Hepatic Fibrosis Induced by Schistosoma mansoni Granulomas in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10237. [PMID: 37373379 PMCID: PMC10299179 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Schistosoma mansoni eggs retained in host tissues induce innate cytokine release, contributing to the induction of Type-2 immune responses and granuloma formation, important to restrain cytotoxic antigens, but leading to fibrosis. Interleukin(IL)-33 participates in experimental models of inflammation and chemically induced fibrosis, but its role in S. mansoni-induced fibrosis is still unknown. To explore the role of the IL-33/suppressor of the tumorigenicity 2 (ST2) pathway, serum and liver cytokine levels, liver histopathology, and collagen deposition were comparatively evaluated in S. mansoni-infected wild-type (WT) and IL-33-receptor knockout (ST2-/-) BALB/c mice. Our data show similar egg counts and hydroxyproline in the livers of infected WT and ST2-/- mice; however, the extracellular matrix in ST2-/- granulomas was loose and disorganised. Pro-fibrotic cytokines, such as IL-13 and IL-17, and the tissue-repairing IL-22 were significantly lower in ST2-/- mice, especially in chronic schistosomiasis. ST2-/- mice also showed decreased α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression in granuloma cells, in addition to reduced Col III and Col VI mRNA levels and reticular fibres. Therefore, IL-33/ST2 signalling is essential for tissue repairing and myofibroblast activation during S. mansoni infection. Its disruption results in inappropriate granuloma organisation, partly due to the reduced type III and VI collagen and reticular fibre formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Maggi
- Laboratório de Esquistossomose e Imunohelmintologia, Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (L.M.); (G.M.A.C.); (I.C.R.); (J.M.P.M.)
| | - Genil Mororó Araújo Camelo
- Laboratório de Esquistossomose e Imunohelmintologia, Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (L.M.); (G.M.A.C.); (I.C.R.); (J.M.P.M.)
| | - Izabella Chrystina Rocha
- Laboratório de Esquistossomose e Imunohelmintologia, Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (L.M.); (G.M.A.C.); (I.C.R.); (J.M.P.M.)
- Curso de Enfermagem, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Barra do Garça 78698-000, MG, Brazil
| | - William Pereira Alves
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Molecular, Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (W.P.A.); (É.M.L.R.)
| | - João Marcelo Peixoto Moreira
- Laboratório de Esquistossomose e Imunohelmintologia, Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (L.M.); (G.M.A.C.); (I.C.R.); (J.M.P.M.)
| | - Thiago Almeida Pereira
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA;
| | - Wagner Luiz Tafuri
- Laboratório de Patologia das Leishmanioses, Departamento de Patologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil;
| | - Élida Mara Leite Rabelo
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Molecular, Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (W.P.A.); (É.M.L.R.)
| | - Ary Correa
- Laboratório de Micologia, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil;
| | - Roselene Ecco
- Setor de Patologia, Escola Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil;
| | - Deborah Aparecida Negrão-Corrêa
- Laboratório de Esquistossomose e Imunohelmintologia, Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (L.M.); (G.M.A.C.); (I.C.R.); (J.M.P.M.)
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Zhou L, Zhu Y, Mo L, Wang M, Lin J, Zhao Y, Feng Y, Xie A, Wei H, Qiu H, Huang J, Yang Q. TLR7 controls myeloid-derived suppressor cells expansion and function in the lung of C57BL6 mice infected with Schistosoma japonicum. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0010851. [PMID: 36279265 PMCID: PMC9591064 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an important role in the induction of innate and adaptive immune responses against Schistosoma japonicum (S. japonicum) infection. However, the role of Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) in the mouse lung during S. japonicum infection and the myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) affected by the absence of TLR7 are not clearly understood. In this study, the results indicated that the MDSCs were accumulated and the proportion and activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were decreased in the lung of mice at 6-7 weeks after S. japonicum infection. Then, the expression of TLR7 was detected in isolated pulmonary MDSCs and the results showed that the expression of TLR7 in MDSCs was increased after infection. Furthermore, TLR7 agonist R848 could down-regulate the induction effect of the soluble egg antigen (SEA) on pulmonary MDSCs in vitro. Meanwhile, TLR7 deficiency could promote the pulmonary MDSCs expansion and function by up-regulating the expression of PD-L1/2 and secreting of IL-10 in the mice infected with S. japonicum. Mechanistic studies revealed that S. japonicum infection and the antigen effects are mediated by NF-κB signaling. Moreover, TLR7 deficiency aggravates S. japonicum infection-induced damage in the lung, with more inflammatory cells infiltration, interstitial dilatation and granuloma in the tissue. In summary, this study indicated that TLR7 signaling inhibits the accumulation and function of MDSCs in S. japonicum infected mouse lung by down-regulating the expression of PD-L1/2 and secreting of IL-10, via NF-κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhou
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiqiang Zhu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - lengshan Mo
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mei Wang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanfa Feng
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anqi Xie
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haixia Wei
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huaina Qiu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Huang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (JH); (QY)
| | - Quan Yang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (JH); (QY)
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4
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Nady S, Abdel-Rahman M, Sousa SA, LEITãO JH, Morad M, El-Hennamy RE. Differential effects of Th17 cytokines during the response of neutrophils to Burkholderia cenocepacia outer membrane protein A. Cent Eur J Immunol 2019; 44:403-13. [PMID: 32140053 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2019.92800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
T helper 17 cells are involved in the immunopathology of cystic fibrosis. They play a key role in recruitment of neutrophils, which is the first line of defence against bacteria. Additionally, Burkholderia cenocepacia outer membrane protein A (OmpA) BCAL2958 is considered a potential protective epitope for vaccine development. The present study aimed to investigate the neutrophil response to OmpA in the presence of Th17 cytokines, IL-17 and IL-22 at different times of activation. Neutrophils were isolated from whole blood of healthy volunteers and activated with OmpA in the presence of IL-17, IL-22 or both cytokines together. Supernatant was collected after 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 8 h, and 12 h. Neutrophil activation was assessed by measuring MPO, TNF-α, elastase, hydrogen peroxide, catalase and NO. The results revealed that the combination of IL-17 and IL-22 cytokines induced the release of NE, catalase, H2O2 and TNF-α from neutrophils activated with Burkholderia OmpA at late stages of activation. However, IL-22 alone or IL-17 alone decreased the myeloperoxidase (MPO), catalase and NE levels at early stages of neutrophil activation. The presence of IL-17 alone led to a significant increase in TNF-α level after 1 h and 12 h. However, the presence of IL-22 alone led to a significant increase in TNF-α level after only 1 h but a significant decrease after 8 h of activation was observed as compared to OmpA stimulated neutrophils. In conclusion, Th17 cytokines IL-17 and IL-22, have differential effects during the neutrophil response to Burkholderia OmpA.
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Abstract
Schistosomiasis is the most common parasitic disease associated with pulmonary hypertension. It induces remodelling via complex inflammatory processes, which eventually produce the clinical manifestation of pulmonary hypertension. The pulmonary hypertension shows clinical signs and symptoms that are not distinguishable from other forms of pulmonary arterial hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazwan Butrous
- Professor of Cardiopulmonary Sciences, Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, UK and University of Greenwich, Central Ave, Gillingham, Chatham ME4 4BF, Kent, UK
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Abstract
Schistosomiasis is a major cause of morbidity in humans invoked by chronic infection with parasitic trematodes of the genus Schistosoma. Schistosomes have a complex life-cycle involving infections of an aquatic snail intermediate host and a definitive mammalian host. In humans, adult male and female worms lie within the vasculature. Here, they propagate and eggs are laid. These eggs must then be released from the host to continue the life cycle. Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma japonicum reside in the mesenteric circulation of the intestines with egg excreted in the feces. In contrast, S. haematobium are present in the venus plexus of the bladder, expelling eggs in the urine. In an impressive case of exploitation of the host immune system, this process of Schistosome “eggs-iting” the host is immune dependent. In this article, we review the formation of the egg granuloma and explore how S. mansoni eggs laid in vasculature must usurp immunity to induce regulated inflammation, to facilitate extravasation through the intestinal wall and to be expelled in the feces. We highlight the roles of immune cell populations, stromal factors, and egg secretions in the process of egg excretion to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge regarding a vastly unexplored mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Schwartz
- School of Medicine, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Padraic G Fallon
- School of Medicine, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,National Children's Research Centre, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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El-Mokhtar MA, Bauer A, Madela J, Voigt S. Cellular distribution of CD200 receptor in rats and its interaction with cytomegalovirus e127 protein. Med Microbiol Immunol 2018; 207:307-318. [PMID: 30032349 DOI: 10.1007/s00430-018-0552-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
CD200 is a membrane protein that interacts with CD200R on the surface of immune cells and delivers an inhibitory signal. In this study, we characterized the distribution of inhibitory CD200R in rats. In addition, we investigated if e127, a homologue of rat CD200 expressed by rat cytomegalovirus (RCMV), can suppress immune functions in vitro. RT-PCR analysis was carried out to test the expression of CD200R in different rat tissues and flow cytometry was performed to characterize CD200R at the cellular level. To test the inhibitory functions of e127, a co-culture system was utilized in which immune cells were incubated with e127-expressing cells. The strongest CD200R expression was detected in lymphoid organs such as bone marrow and spleen. Flow cytometry analyses showed that CD200R+ cells were mainly CD4- dendritic cells (DC) and CD4+ T cells in the spleen. In blood, nearly all monocytes and granulocytes expressed CD200R and in bone marrow the NKRP1low subset of natural killer cells highly expressed CD200R. In addition, both peritoneal macrophages and the NR8383 macrophage cell line carried CD200R. At the functional level, viral e127 conferred an inhibitory signal on TNFα and IL6 cytokine release from IFNγ-stimulated macrophages. However, e127 did not affect the cytotoxic activity of DC. CD200R in the rat is mainly expressed on myeloid cells but also on non-myeloid cell subsets, and RCMV e127 can deliver inhibitory signals to immune cells by engaging CD200R. The RCMV model provides a useful tool to study potential immune evasion mechanisms of the herpesviridae and opens new avenues for understanding and controlling herpesvirus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A El-Mokhtar
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Agnieszka Bauer
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia Madela
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Voigt
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany. .,Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology/SCT, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.
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Ding H, Liu F, Zhu L, Wu F, Liu Q, He S, Shao W, Du Y, Ren C, Shen J, Liu M. Tyrosine kinase 4 is involved in the reproduction of the platyhelminth parasite Schistosoma japonicum. Parasit Vectors 2017; 10:498. [PMID: 29047397 PMCID: PMC5648501 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-017-2453-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schistosomiasis is one of the most common parasitic diseases affecting millions of humans and animals worldwide. Understanding the signal transduction pathways and the molecular basis of reproductive regulation in schistosomes is critically important for developing new strategies for preventing and treating these infections. Syk kinases regulate the proliferation, differentiation, morphogenesis, and survival of various types of cells and have been identified in invertebrates. Tyrosine kinase 4 (TK4), a member of the Syk kinase family, plays a pivotal role in gametogenesis in S. mansoni, affecting the development of the testis and ovaries in this parasite. The role of TK4, however, in the reproduction of S. japonicum is poorly understood. METHODS Here, the complete coding sequence of TK4 gene in S. japonicum (SjTK4) was cloned and characterized. The expression of SjTK4 was analyzed at different life-cycle stages and in various tissues of S. japonicum by qPCR. Piceatannol, a Syk kinase inhibitor, was applied to S. japonicum in vitro. The piceatannol-induced morphological changes of the parasites were observed using confocal laser scanning microscopy and the alterations in important egg-shell synthesis-related genes were examined using qPCR analyses. RESULTS SjTK4 mRNA was differentially expressed throughout the life-cycle of S. japonicum. SjTK4 mRNA was highly expressed in the ovary and testis of S. japonicum, with the level of gene expression significantly higher in males than in females. The expression levels of some important egg-shell synthesis related genes were higher in the piceatannol-treated groups than in the vehicle-treated control group and the number of eggs and germ cells also decreased in a concentration-dependent manner. Importantly, large pore-like structures can be found in the testis and ovaries of males and females after treating with piceatannol. CONCLUSION The results suggest that SjTK4 may play an important role in regulating gametogenesis of S. japonicum. The findings may help better understand the fundamental biology of S. japonicum. Moreover, the effect of S. japonicum treatment by piceatannol provides us with a new idea that inhibition of SjTK4 signaling pathway can effectively retard the development of the testis and ovaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Ding
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengchun Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Lulu Zhu
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Wu
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Quan Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyu He
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Shao
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinan Du
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuiping Ren
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jijia Shen
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China. .,Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China.
| | - Miao Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China. .,Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China.
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Yang Q, Qiu H, Xie H, Qi Y, Cha H, Qu J, Wang M, Feng Y, Ye X, Mu J, Huang J. A Schistosoma japonicum Infection Promotes the Expansion of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells by Activating the JAK/STAT3 Pathway. J Immunol 2017; 198:4716-4727. [PMID: 28476935 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), a heterogeneous group of immune cells from the myeloid lineage, play an important part in suppression of host immune responses during many pathologic conditions, including cancer and infectious diseases. Thus, understanding the functional diversity of these cells as well as the underlying mechanisms is crucial for the development of disease control strategies. The role of MDSCs during Schistosoma japonicum infection, however, is not clear, and there is a lack of systematic study so far. In this study, we provide strong evidence that the soluble egg Ag (SEA) and schistosome worm Ag (SWA) of S. japonicum enhance the accumulation of MDSCs. Ag-induced MDSCs have more potent suppressive effects on T cell responses than do control MDSCs in both in vivo S. japonicum infection and in vitro SEA- and SWA-treated mouse bone marrow cells experiments. Interestingly, the enhanced suppressive activity of MDSCs by Ag administration was coupled with a dramatic induction of the NADPH oxidase subunits gp91phox and p47phox and was dependent on the production of reactive oxygen species. Moreover, mechanistic studies revealed that the Ag effects are mediated by JAK/STAT3 signaling. Inhibition of STAT3 phosphorylation by the JAK inhibitor JSI-124 almost completely abolished the Ag effects on the MDSCs. In summary, this study sheds new light on the immune modulatory role of SEA and SWA and demonstrates that the expansion of MDSCs may be an important element of a cellular network regulating immune responses during S. japonicum infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Yang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436 Guangzhou, China
| | - Huaina Qiu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436 Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongyan Xie
- Functional Experiment Center, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436 Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanwei Qi
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436 Guangzhou, China
| | - Hefei Cha
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436 Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiale Qu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436 Guangzhou, China
| | - Mei Wang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436 Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanfa Feng
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436 Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Ye
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436 Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianbing Mu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436 Guangzhou, China; .,Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; and
| | - Jun Huang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436 Guangzhou, China; .,Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436 Guangzhou, China
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