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de Paula FR, Ruschel AR, Felizzola JF, Frauendorf TC, de Barros Ferraz SF, Richardson JS. Seizing resilience windows to foster passive recovery in the forest-water interface in Amazonian lands. Sci Total Environ 2022; 828:154425. [PMID: 35276136 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Forest regeneration has increased in many tropical abandoned lands and current restoration commitments in this region aim to restore over 1,400,000 km2 of degraded land by 2030. Although regenerating forests recover biomass, biodiversity, and processes with time, the recovery trajectories may be uncertain due to past disturbances. Currently, there is a lack of knowledge to sustain the effectiveness of passive regeneration for the recovery of riparian forests and the adjacent waterbodies in the tropics, which may compromise the outcomes of ongoing and future tropical riparian restoration programs. We evaluated the drivers of riparian forest structural recovery and how this relates to stream conditions in 12 abandoned pasturelands in eastern Brazilian Amazonia. These pasturelands range across regeneration age (pasture (PA) - 0 to 4 years; young regeneration (YR) - 8 to 12 years; old regeneration (OR) - 18 to 22 years) and years of past land-use (PA - 23.25 average years of past land-use, YR - 18.25, OR - 7). We compared the conditions of these sites to 4 reference sites with conserved forests (REF, >100 years), where there was no recorded pasture use in the past. Short-term responses of forests and streams to passive regeneration indicated high ecosystem resilience after low to intermediate past land-use intensity, reflected in the improvement of stream ecosystems. Such high resilience is possibly attributable to low- to intermediate-intensity pasture-related disturbances, remaining forest matrix, and residual structures (e.g. roots, sprouts, and in-stream wood) observed in the area. Our results suggest a recovery by 12 to 20 years for riparian forests of this region. However, areas degraded by intensive land-use apparently showed delayed recovery. We conclude that seizing resilience windows (defined here as the period when ecosystems retain high potential resilience) is essential to foster passive recovery of riparian forests and streams more cost-effectively in the tropics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Rossetti de Paula
- Department of Forest Sciences, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Av. Pádua Dias, 11, CP 9, Piracicaba, SP 13418-900, Brazil; Department of Forest & Conservation Sciences, University of British Columbia, 3041-2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T1Z4, Canada; Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Trav. Doutor Enéas Pinheiro, s/n, CP 48, Belém, PA 66095-100, Brazil.
| | - Ademir Roberto Ruschel
- Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Trav. Doutor Enéas Pinheiro, s/n, CP 48, Belém, PA 66095-100, Brazil.
| | - Juliana Feitosa Felizzola
- Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Trav. Doutor Enéas Pinheiro, s/n, CP 48, Belém, PA 66095-100, Brazil.
| | - Therese C Frauendorf
- Department of Biology, University of Victoria, PO Box 3020, Station CSC, Victoria, BC V8W3N5, Canada; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, 165 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT 06511, United States.
| | - Silvio Frosini de Barros Ferraz
- Department of Forest Sciences, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Av. Pádua Dias, 11, CP 9, Piracicaba, SP 13418-900, Brazil.
| | - John S Richardson
- Department of Forest & Conservation Sciences, University of British Columbia, 3041-2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T1Z4, Canada.
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Finch J, Seglias AE, Kramer AT, Havens K. Recruitment varies among milkweed seed sources for habitat specialist but not generalist. Restor Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessamine Finch
- Program in Plant Biology and Conservation Northwestern University, O.T. Hogan Hall, Room 6‐140B, 2205 Tech Drive Evanston IL 60208 USA
- Negaunee Institute for Plant Conservation Science and Action, Chicago Botanic Garden 1000 Lake Cook Road Glencoe IL 60022 USA
- Native Plant Trust, Conservation Department 180 Hemenway Rd Framingham MA 01701 USA
| | - Alexandra E. Seglias
- Program in Plant Biology and Conservation Northwestern University, O.T. Hogan Hall, Room 6‐140B, 2205 Tech Drive Evanston IL 60208 USA
- Negaunee Institute for Plant Conservation Science and Action, Chicago Botanic Garden 1000 Lake Cook Road Glencoe IL 60022 USA
- Denver Botanic Gardens, 1007 York St Denver CO 80206 USA
| | - Andrea T. Kramer
- Negaunee Institute for Plant Conservation Science and Action, Chicago Botanic Garden 1000 Lake Cook Road Glencoe IL 60022 USA
| | - Kayri Havens
- Negaunee Institute for Plant Conservation Science and Action, Chicago Botanic Garden 1000 Lake Cook Road Glencoe IL 60022 USA
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