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Huang PC, Chaney EJ, Aksamitiene E, Barkalifa R, Spillman DR, Bogan BJ, Boppart SA. Biomechanical sensing of in vivo magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia-treated melanoma using magnetomotive optical coherence elastography. Theranostics 2021; 11:5620-5633. [PMID: 33897871 PMCID: PMC8058715 DOI: 10.7150/thno.55333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia (MH) therapy is capable of thermally damaging tumor cells, yet a biomechanically-sensitive monitoring method for the applied thermal dosage has not been established. Biomechanical changes to tissue are known indicators for tumor diagnosis due to its association with the structural organization and composition of tissues at the cellular and molecular level. Here, by exploiting the theranostic functionality of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), we aim to explore the potential of using stiffness-based metrics that reveal the intrinsic biophysical changes of in vivo melanoma tumors after MH therapy. Methods: A total of 14 melanoma-bearing mice were intratumorally injected with dextran-coated MNPs, enabling MH treatment upon the application of an alternating magnetic field (AMF) at 64.7 kHz. The presence of the MNP heating sources was detected by magnetomotive optical coherence tomography (MM-OCT). For the first time, the elasticity alterations of the hyperthermia-treated, MNP-laden, in vivo tumors were also measured with magnetomotive optical coherence elastography (MM-OCE), based on the mechanical resonant frequency detected. To investigate the correlation between stiffness changes and the intrinsic biological changes, histopathology was performed on the excised tumor after the in vivo measurements. Results: Distinct shifts in mechanical resonant frequency were observed only in the MH-treated group, suggesting a heat-induced stiffness change in the melanoma tumor. Moreover, tumor cellularity, protein conformation, and temperature rise all play a role in tumor stiffness changes after MH treatment. With low cellularity, tumor softens after MH even with low temperature elevation. In contrast, with high cellularity, tumor softening occurs only with a low temperature rise, which is potentially due to protein unfolding, whereas tumor stiffening was seen with a higher temperature rise, likely due to protein denaturation. Conclusions: This study exploits the theranostic functionality of MNPs and investigates the MH-induced stiffness change on in vivo melanoma-bearing mice with MM-OCT and MM-OCE for the first time. It was discovered that the elasticity alteration of the melanoma tumor after MH treatment depends on both thermal dosage and the morphological features of the tumor. In summary, changes in tissue-level elasticity can potentially be a physically and physiologically meaningful metric and integrative therapeutic marker for MH treatment, while MM-OCE can be a suitable dosimetry technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin-Chieh Huang
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - Eric J. Chaney
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - Edita Aksamitiene
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - Ronit Barkalifa
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - Darold R. Spillman
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - Bethany J. Bogan
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - Stephen A. Boppart
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
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Liu CH, Assassi S, Theodore S, Smith C, Schill A, Singh M, Aglyamov S, Mohan C, Larin KV. Translational optical coherence elastography for assessment of systemic sclerosis. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2019; 12:e201900236. [PMID: 31343837 PMCID: PMC7184265 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201900236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc-scleroderma) is an autoimmune disorder with high mortality rate that results in excessive accumulation of collagen in the skin and internal organs. Currently, the modified Rodnan Skin Score (mRSS) is the gold standard for evaluating the dermal thickening due to SSc. However, mRSS has noticeable inter- and intra-observer variabilities as quantified by the interclass correlation coefficient (ICC: 0.6-0.75). In this work, optical coherence elastography (OCE) combined with structural optical coherence tomography (OCT) image analysis was used to assess skin thickness in 12 SSc patients and healthy volunteers. Inter- (ICC: 0.62-0.99) and intra-observer (ICC > 0.90) assessment of OCT/OCE showed excellent reliability. Clinical assessments, including histologically assessed dermal thickness (DT), mRSS, and site-specific mRSS (SMRSS) were also performed for further validation. The OCE and OCT results from the forearm demonstrated the highest correlation (OCE: 0.78, OCT: 0.65) with SMRSS. Importantly, OCE and OCT had stronger correlations with the histological DT (OCT: r = .78 and OCE: r = .74) than SMRSS (r = .57), indicating the OCT/OCE could outperform semi-quantitative clinical assessments such as SMRSS. Overall, these results demonstrate that OCT/OCE could be useful for rapid, noninvasive and objective assessments of SSc onset and monitoring skin disease progression and treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hao Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Shervin Assassi
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunogenetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Sam Theodore
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunogenetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Christopher Smith
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Alexander Schill
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Manmohan Singh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Salavat Aglyamov
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas, Austin, Texas
| | - Chandra Mohan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Kirill V. Larin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
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Huang PC, Chaney EJ, Iyer RR, Spillman DR, Odintsov B, Sobh NA, Boppart SA. Interstitial magnetic thermotherapy dosimetry based on shear wave magnetomotive optical coherence elastography. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 10:539-551. [PMID: 30800498 PMCID: PMC6377902 DOI: 10.1364/boe.10.000539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
While magnetic thermoseeds are often utilized in interstitial magnetic thermotherapy (iMT) to enable localized tumor ablation, we propose to extend their use as the perturbative source in magnetomotive optical coherence elastography (MM-OCE) so that the heat-induced elasticity alterations can be 'theranostically' probed. MM-OCE measurements were found to agree with indentation results. Tissue stiffening was visualized on iMT-treated porcine liver and canine soft tissue sarcoma specimens, where histology confirmed thermal damages. Additionally, the elasticity was found to increase exponentially and linearly with the conventional thermal dosage metrics and the deposited thermal energy, respectively. Collectively, a physiologically-meaningful, MM-OCE-based iMT dosimetry is feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin-Chieh Huang
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 N Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1406 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Eric J. Chaney
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 N Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Rishyashring R. Iyer
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 N Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 306 N Wright St, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Darold R. Spillman
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 N Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Boris Odintsov
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 N Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Nahil A. Sobh
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 N Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Stephen A. Boppart
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 N Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1406 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 306 N Wright St, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Carle-Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 807 S Wright St, Champaign, Illinois 61820, USA
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Huang PC, Chaney EJ, Shelton RL, Boppart SA. Magnetomotive Displacement of the Tympanic Membrane Using Magnetic Nanoparticles: Toward Enhancement of Sound Perception. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2018; 65:2837-2846. [PMID: 29993404 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2018.2819649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A novel hearing-aid scheme using magnetomotive nanoparticles (MNPs) as transducers in the tympanic membrane (TM) is proposed, aiming to noninvasively and directly induce a modulated vibration on the TM. METHODS In this feasibility study, iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles were applied on ex vivo rat TM tissues and allowed to diffuse over ∼2 h. Subsequently, magnetic force was exerted on the MNP-laden TM via a programmable electromagnetic solenoid to induce the magnetomotion. Optical coherence tomography (OCT), along with its phase-sensitive measurement capabilities, was utilized to visualize and quantify the nanometer-scale vibrations generated on the TM tissues. RESULTS The magnetomotive displacements induced on the TM were significantly greater than the baseline vibration of the TM without MNPs. In addition to a pure frequency tone, a chirped excitation and the corresponding spectroscopic response were also successfully generated and obtained. Finally, visualization of volumetric TM dynamics was achieved. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates the effectiveness of magnetically inducing vibrations on TMs containing iron oxide nanoparticles, manipulating the amplitude and the frequency of the induced TM motions, and the capability of assessing the magnetomotive dynamics via OCT. SIGNIFICANCE The results demonstrated here suggest the potential use of this noninvasive magnetomotive approach in future hearing aid applications. OCT can be utilized to investigate the magnetomotive dynamics of the TM, which may either enhance sound perception or magnetically induce the perception of sound without the need for acoustic speech signals.
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Monroy GL, Won J, Spillman DR, Dsouza R, Boppart SA. Clinical translation of handheld optical coherence tomography: practical considerations and recent advancements. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2017; 22:1-30. [PMID: 29260539 PMCID: PMC5735247 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.22.12.121715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Since the inception of optical coherence tomography (OCT), advancements in imaging system design and handheld probes have allowed for numerous advancements in disease diagnostics and characterization of the structural and optical properties of tissue. OCT system developers continue to reduce form factor and cost, while improving imaging performance (speed, resolution, etc.) and flexibility for applicability in a broad range of fields, and nearly every clinical specialty. An extensive array of components to construct customized systems has also become available, with a range of commercial entities that produce high-quality products, from single components to full systems, for clinical and research use. Many advancements in the development of these miniaturized and portable systems can be linked back to a specific challenge in academic research, or a clinical need in medicine or surgery. Handheld OCT systems are discussed and explored for various applications. Handheld systems are discussed in terms of their relative level of portability and form factor, with mention of the supporting technologies and surrounding ecosystem that bolstered their development. Additional insight from our efforts to implement systems in several clinical environments is provided. The trend toward well-designed, efficient, and compact handheld systems paves the way for more widespread adoption of OCT into point-of-care or point-of-procedure applications in both clinical and commercial settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo L. Monroy
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, Illinois, United States
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Bioengineering, Urbana, Illinois, United States
| | - Jungeun Won
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, Illinois, United States
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Bioengineering, Urbana, Illinois, United States
| | - Darold R. Spillman
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, Illinois, United States
| | - Roshan Dsouza
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, Illinois, United States
| | - Stephen A. Boppart
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, Illinois, United States
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Bioengineering, Urbana, Illinois, United States
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Urbana, Illinois, United States
- Carle-Illinois College of Medicine, Urbana, Illinois, United States
- Address all correspondence to: Stephen A. Boppart, E-mail:
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