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Theiner T, Ortner NJ, Oberacher H, Stojanovic G, Tuluc P, Striessnig J. Novel protocol for multiple-dose oral administration of the L-type Ca 2+ channel blocker isradipine in mice: A dose-finding pharmacokinetic study. Channels (Austin) 2024; 18:2335469. [PMID: 38564754 PMCID: PMC10989688 DOI: 10.1080/19336950.2024.2335469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Studies in genetically modified animals and human genetics have recently provided new insight into the role of voltage-gated L-type Ca2+ channels in human disease. Therefore, the inhibition of L-type Ca2+ channels in vivo in wildtype and mutant mice by potent dihydropyridine (DHP) Ca2+ channel blockers serves as an important pharmacological tool. These drugs have a short plasma half-life in humans and especially in rodents and show high first-pass metabolism upon oral application. In the vast majority of in vivo studies, they have therefore been delivered through parenteral routes, mostly subcutaneously or intraperitoneally. High peak plasma concentrations of DHPs cause side effects, evident as DHP-induced aversive behaviors confounding the interpretation of behavioral readouts. Nevertheless, pharmacokinetic data measuring the exposure achieved with these applications are sparse. Moreover, parenteral injections require animal handling and can be associated with pain, discomfort and stress which could influence a variety of physiological processes, behavioral and other functional readouts. Here, we describe a noninvasive oral application of the DHP isradipine by training mice to quickly consume small volumes of flavored yogurt that can serve as drug vehicle. This procedure does not require animal handling, allows repeated drug application over several days and reproducibly achieves peak plasma concentrations over a wide range previously shown to be well-tolerated in humans. This protocol should facilitate ongoing nonclinical studies in mice exploring new indications for DHP Ca2+ channel blockers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Theiner
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Nadine J. Ortner
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Herbert Oberacher
- Institute of Legal Medicine and Core Facility Metabolomics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gospava Stojanovic
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Petronel Tuluc
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jörg Striessnig
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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2
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Lima ALD, Silva EG, Cardozo PL, da Silva MCM, Koerich S, Ribeiro FM, Moreira FA, Vieira LB. Isradipine, an L-type calcium channel blocker, attenuates cocaine effects in mice by reducing central glutamate release. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 971:176489. [PMID: 38492875 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Substance abuse disorder is a chronic condition for which pharmacological treatment options remain limited. L-type calcium channels (LTCC) have been implicated in drug-related plasticity and behavior. Specifically, dopaminergic neurons in the mesocorticolimbic pathway express Cav1.2 and Cav1.3 channels, which may regulate dopaminergic activity associated with reward behavior. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the hypothesis that pre-administration of the LTCC blocker, isradipine can mitigate the effects of cocaine by modulating central glutamatergic transmission. For that, we administered isradipine at varying concentrations (1, 7.5, and 15 μg/μL) via intracerebroventricular injection in male Swiss mice. This pretreatment was carried out prior to subjecting animals to behavioral assessments to evaluate cocaine-induced locomotor sensitization and conditioned place preference (CPP). The results revealed that isradipine administered at a concentration of 1 μg/μL effectively attenuated both the sensitization and CPP induced by cocaine (15 mg/kg, via i. p.). Moreover, mice treated with 1 μg/μL of isradipine showed decreased presynaptic levels of glutamate and calcium in the cortex and hippocampus as compared to control mice following cocaine exposure. Notably, the gene expression of ionotropic glutamate receptors, AMPA, and NMDA, remained unchanged, as did the expression of Cav1.2 and Cav1.3 channels. Importantly, these findings suggest that LTCC blockage may inhibit behavioral responses to cocaine, most likely by decreasing glutamatergic input in areas related to addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Luiza Diniz Lima
- Department of Pharmacology, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Emanuele Guimarães Silva
- Department of Immunology and Biochemistry, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Pablo Leal Cardozo
- Department of Immunology and Biochemistry, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Suélyn Koerich
- Department of Pharmacology, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Fabíola Mara Ribeiro
- Department of Immunology and Biochemistry, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Fabrício A Moreira
- Department of Pharmacology, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Luciene Bruno Vieira
- Department of Pharmacology, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
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Wei Y, Yu Z, Wang L, Li X, Li N, Bai Q, Wang Y, Li R, Meng Y, Xu H, Wang X, Dong Y, Huang Z, Zhang XC, Zhao Y. Structural bases of inhibitory mechanism of Ca V1.2 channel inhibitors. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2772. [PMID: 38555290 PMCID: PMC10981686 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47116-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The voltage-gated calcium channel CaV1.2 is essential for cardiac and vessel smooth muscle contractility and brain function. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that malfunctions of CaV1.2 are involved in brain and heart diseases. Pharmacological inhibition of CaV1.2 is therefore of therapeutic value. Here, we report cryo-EM structures of CaV1.2 in the absence or presence of the antirheumatic drug tetrandrine or antihypertensive drug benidipine. Tetrandrine acts as a pore blocker in a pocket composed of S6II, S6III, and S6IV helices and forms extensive hydrophobic interactions with CaV1.2. Our structure elucidates that benidipine is located in the DIII-DIV fenestration site. Its hydrophobic sidechain, phenylpiperidine, is positioned at the exterior of the pore domain and cradled within a hydrophobic pocket formed by S5DIII, S6DIII, and S6DIV helices, providing additional interactions to exert inhibitory effects on both L-type and T-type voltage gated calcium channels. These findings provide the structural foundation for the rational design and optimization of therapeutic inhibitors of voltage-gated calcium channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqing Wei
- Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules (CAS), National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhuoya Yu
- Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules (CAS), National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lili Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiaojing Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules (CAS), National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Na Li
- Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Qinru Bai
- Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules (CAS), National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuhang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules (CAS), National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Renjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules (CAS), National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yufei Meng
- Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules (CAS), National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Xianping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules (CAS), National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yanli Dong
- Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules (CAS), National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Zhuo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Xuejun Cai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules (CAS), National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Yan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules (CAS), National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Lee CJ, Lee SH, Kang BS, Park MK, Yang HW, Woo SY, Park SW, Kim DY, Jeong HH, Yang WI, Kho AR, Choi BY, Song HK, Choi HC, Kim YJ, Suh SW. Effects of L-Type Voltage-Gated Calcium Channel (LTCC) Inhibition on Hippocampal Neuronal Death after Pilocarpine-Induced Seizure. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:389. [PMID: 38671837 PMCID: PMC11047745 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy, marked by abnormal and excessive brain neuronal activity, is linked to the activation of L-type voltage-gated calcium channels (LTCCs) in neuronal membranes. LTCCs facilitate the entry of calcium (Ca2+) and other metal ions, such as zinc (Zn2+) and magnesium (Mg2+), into the cytosol. This Ca2+ influx at the presynaptic terminal triggers the release of Zn2+ and glutamate to the postsynaptic terminal. Zn2+ is then transported to the postsynaptic neuron via LTCCs. The resulting Zn2+ accumulation in neurons significantly increases the expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase subunits, contributing to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and neuronal death. Amlodipine (AML), typically used for hypertension and coronary artery disease, works by inhibiting LTCCs. We explored whether AML could mitigate Zn2+ translocation and accumulation in neurons, potentially offering protection against seizure-induced hippocampal neuronal death. We tested this by establishing a rat epilepsy model with pilocarpine and administering AML (10 mg/kg, orally, daily for 7 days) post-epilepsy onset. We assessed cognitive function through behavioral tests and conducted histological analyses for Zn2+ accumulation, oxidative stress, and neuronal death. Our findings show that AML's LTCC inhibition decreased excessive Zn2+ accumulation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and hippocampal neuronal death following seizures. These results suggest amlodipine's potential as a therapeutic agent in seizure management and mitigating seizures' detrimental effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Jun Lee
- Department of Physiology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea; (C.-J.L.); (S.-H.L.); (B.-S.K.); (M.-K.P.); (H.-W.Y.); (S.-Y.W.); (S.-W.P.); (D.-Y.K.); (H.-H.J.); (W.-I.Y.)
| | - Song-Hee Lee
- Department of Physiology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea; (C.-J.L.); (S.-H.L.); (B.-S.K.); (M.-K.P.); (H.-W.Y.); (S.-Y.W.); (S.-W.P.); (D.-Y.K.); (H.-H.J.); (W.-I.Y.)
| | - Beom-Seok Kang
- Department of Physiology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea; (C.-J.L.); (S.-H.L.); (B.-S.K.); (M.-K.P.); (H.-W.Y.); (S.-Y.W.); (S.-W.P.); (D.-Y.K.); (H.-H.J.); (W.-I.Y.)
| | - Min-Kyu Park
- Department of Physiology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea; (C.-J.L.); (S.-H.L.); (B.-S.K.); (M.-K.P.); (H.-W.Y.); (S.-Y.W.); (S.-W.P.); (D.-Y.K.); (H.-H.J.); (W.-I.Y.)
| | - Hyun-Wook Yang
- Department of Physiology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea; (C.-J.L.); (S.-H.L.); (B.-S.K.); (M.-K.P.); (H.-W.Y.); (S.-Y.W.); (S.-W.P.); (D.-Y.K.); (H.-H.J.); (W.-I.Y.)
| | - Seo-Young Woo
- Department of Physiology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea; (C.-J.L.); (S.-H.L.); (B.-S.K.); (M.-K.P.); (H.-W.Y.); (S.-Y.W.); (S.-W.P.); (D.-Y.K.); (H.-H.J.); (W.-I.Y.)
| | - Se-Wan Park
- Department of Physiology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea; (C.-J.L.); (S.-H.L.); (B.-S.K.); (M.-K.P.); (H.-W.Y.); (S.-Y.W.); (S.-W.P.); (D.-Y.K.); (H.-H.J.); (W.-I.Y.)
| | - Dong-Yeon Kim
- Department of Physiology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea; (C.-J.L.); (S.-H.L.); (B.-S.K.); (M.-K.P.); (H.-W.Y.); (S.-Y.W.); (S.-W.P.); (D.-Y.K.); (H.-H.J.); (W.-I.Y.)
| | - Hyun-Ho Jeong
- Department of Physiology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea; (C.-J.L.); (S.-H.L.); (B.-S.K.); (M.-K.P.); (H.-W.Y.); (S.-Y.W.); (S.-W.P.); (D.-Y.K.); (H.-H.J.); (W.-I.Y.)
| | - Won-Il Yang
- Department of Physiology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea; (C.-J.L.); (S.-H.L.); (B.-S.K.); (M.-K.P.); (H.-W.Y.); (S.-Y.W.); (S.-W.P.); (D.-Y.K.); (H.-H.J.); (W.-I.Y.)
- Department of Physical Education, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea;
| | - A-Ra Kho
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA;
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Bo-Young Choi
- Department of Physical Education, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hong-Ki Song
- Department of Neurology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul 05355, Republic of Korea; (H.-K.S.); (Y.-J.K.)
- Hallym Institute of Epilepsy Research, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hui-Chul Choi
- Hallym Institute of Epilepsy Research, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon 24253, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeo-Jin Kim
- Department of Neurology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul 05355, Republic of Korea; (H.-K.S.); (Y.-J.K.)
| | - Sang-Won Suh
- Department of Physiology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea; (C.-J.L.); (S.-H.L.); (B.-S.K.); (M.-K.P.); (H.-W.Y.); (S.-Y.W.); (S.-W.P.); (D.-Y.K.); (H.-H.J.); (W.-I.Y.)
- Hallym Institute of Epilepsy Research, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea;
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Yu Z, Xu H, Feng M, Chen L. Machine learning application identifies plasma markers for proteinuria in metastatic colorectal cancer patients treated with Bevacizumab. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2024:10.1007/s00280-024-04655-7. [PMID: 38402561 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-024-04655-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Proteinuria is a common complication after the application of bevacizumab therapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, and severe proteinuria can lead to discontinuation of the drug. There is a lack of sophisticated means to predict bevacizumab-induced proteinuria, so the present study aims to predict bevacizumab-induced proteinuria using peripheral venous blood samples. METHODS A total of 122 subjects were enrolled and underwent pre-treatment plasma markers, and we followed them for six months with proteinuria as the endpoint event. We then analyzed the clinical features and plasma markers for grade ≥ 2 proteinuria occurrence using machine learning to construct a model with predictive utility. RESULTS One hundred sixteen subjects were included in the statistical analysis. We found that high baseline systolic blood pressure, low baseline HGF, high baseline ET1, high baseline MMP2, and high baseline ACE1 were risk factors for the development of grade ≥ 2 proteinuria in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer who received bevacizumab. Then, we constructed a support vector machine model with a sensitivity of 0.889, a specificity of 0.918, a precision of 0.615, and an F1 score of 0.727. CONCLUSION We constructed a machine learning model for predicting grade ≥ 2 bevacizumab-induced proteinuria, which may provide proteinuria risk assessment for applying bevacizumab in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoyuan Yu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Haifan Xu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Miao Feng
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Liqun Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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Wang L, Gao F, Chen L, Sun W, Liu H, Yang W, Zhang X, Bai J, Wang R. Remote Ischemia Postconditioning Mitigates Hippocampal Neuron Impairment by Modulating Cav1.2-CaMKIIα-Aromatase Signaling After Global Cerebral Ischemia in Ovariectomized Rats. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-03930-1. [PMID: 38321351 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-03930-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Brain-derived estrogen (BDE2) is gaining attention as an endogenous neurotransmitter. Recent research has revealed that selectively removing the aromatase gene, the pivotal enzyme responsible for BDE2 synthesis, in forebrain neurons or astrocytes can lead to synaptic loss and cognitive impairment. It is worth noting that remote ischemia post-conditioning (RIP), a non-invasive technique, has been shown to activate natural protective mechanisms against severe ischemic events. The aim of our study was to investigate whether RIP triggers aromatase-BDE2 signaling, shedding light on its neuroprotective mechanisms after global cerebral ischemia (GCI) in ovariectomized rats. Our findings are as follows: (1) RIP was effective in mitigating ischemic damage in hippocampal CA1 neurons and improved cognitive function after GCI. This was partially due to increased Aro-BDE2 signaling in CA1 neurons. (2) RIP intervention efficiently enhanced pro-survival kinase pathways, such as AKT, ERK1/2, CREB, and suppressed CaMKIIα signaling in CA1 astrocytes induced by GCI. Remarkably, inhibiting CaMKIIα activity led to elevated Aro-BDE2 levels and replicated the benefits of RIP. (3) We also identified the positive mediation of Cav1.2, an LVGCC calcium channel, on CaMKIIα-Aro/BDE2 pathway response to RIP intervention. (4) Significantly, either RIP or CaMKIIα inhibition was found to alleviate reactive astrogliosis, which was accompanied by increased pro-survival A2-astrocyte protein S100A10 and decreased pro-death A1-astrocyte marker C3 levels. In summary, our study provides compelling evidence that Aro-BDE2 signaling is a critical target for the reparative effects of RIP following ischemic insult. This effect may be mediated through the CaV1.2-CaMKIIα signaling pathway, in collaboration with astrocyte-neuron interactions, thereby maintaining calcium homeostasis in the neuronal microenvironment and reducing neuronal damage after ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Neurobiology Institute, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, China
- Dementia and Dyscognitive Key Lab., North China University of Science and Technology, International Science & Technology Cooperation Base of Geriatric Medicine of China, 21 Bohai Road, Caofeidian Xincheng, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Occupational Health and Safety for Coal Industry, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Fujia Gao
- Neurobiology Institute, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, China
- Dementia and Dyscognitive Key Lab., North China University of Science and Technology, International Science & Technology Cooperation Base of Geriatric Medicine of China, 21 Bohai Road, Caofeidian Xincheng, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Occupational Health and Safety for Coal Industry, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Lingling Chen
- Neurobiology Institute, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, China
- Dementia and Dyscognitive Key Lab., North China University of Science and Technology, International Science & Technology Cooperation Base of Geriatric Medicine of China, 21 Bohai Road, Caofeidian Xincheng, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Occupational Health and Safety for Coal Industry, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Wuxiang Sun
- Dementia and Dyscognitive Key Lab., North China University of Science and Technology, International Science & Technology Cooperation Base of Geriatric Medicine of China, 21 Bohai Road, Caofeidian Xincheng, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Occupational Health and Safety for Coal Industry, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Huiyu Liu
- Neurobiology Institute, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, China
- Dementia and Dyscognitive Key Lab., North China University of Science and Technology, International Science & Technology Cooperation Base of Geriatric Medicine of China, 21 Bohai Road, Caofeidian Xincheng, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Occupational Health and Safety for Coal Industry, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Neurobiology Institute, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, China
- Dementia and Dyscognitive Key Lab., North China University of Science and Technology, International Science & Technology Cooperation Base of Geriatric Medicine of China, 21 Bohai Road, Caofeidian Xincheng, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Occupational Health and Safety for Coal Industry, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Neurobiology Institute, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, China
- Dementia and Dyscognitive Key Lab., North China University of Science and Technology, International Science & Technology Cooperation Base of Geriatric Medicine of China, 21 Bohai Road, Caofeidian Xincheng, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Occupational Health and Safety for Coal Industry, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Jing Bai
- Neurobiology Institute, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, China
- Dementia and Dyscognitive Key Lab., North China University of Science and Technology, International Science & Technology Cooperation Base of Geriatric Medicine of China, 21 Bohai Road, Caofeidian Xincheng, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Occupational Health and Safety for Coal Industry, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Ruimin Wang
- Neurobiology Institute, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, China.
- Dementia and Dyscognitive Key Lab., North China University of Science and Technology, International Science & Technology Cooperation Base of Geriatric Medicine of China, 21 Bohai Road, Caofeidian Xincheng, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Occupational Health and Safety for Coal Industry, Tangshan, Hebei, China.
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Choi S, Methiwala HN, Graves SM. Isradipine, an L-type calcium channel inhibitor, attenuates cue-associated methamphetamine-seeking in mice. Brain Res 2023; 1818:148528. [PMID: 37567548 PMCID: PMC10530265 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (meth) is an addictive psychostimulant and there are no FDA-approved treatment options for patients suffering from meth use disorders. In addition to being addictive, meth is also neurotoxic and chronic administration results in degeneration of substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) dopamine and locus coeruleus (LC) norepinephrine neurons in mice. Optimal treatment strategies for meth use disorders would attenuate maladaptive meth-seeking behavior as well as provide neuroprotection. The L-type calcium channel inhibitor isradipine and the monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor rasagiline both prevent chronic meth-induced SNc and LC degeneration but effects on meth-seeking are unknown. To test whether these clinically available compounds can mitigate meth-seeking, mice were implanted with chronic indwelling jugular vein catheters and allowed to self-administer meth (0.1 mg/kg/infusion) for 10 consecutive days (2-hrs/day) on a fixed ratio (FR) 1 schedule of reinforcement with meth infusions paired to a cue light. One day after the last self-administration session mice were tested for cue-associated meth-seeking behavior wherein the meth-associated cue light was contingently presented but meth reinforcement withheld. Isradipine (3 mg/kg) attenuated cue-associated meth-seeking in both male and female mice. In contrast, rasagiline (1 mg/kg) had no effect on seeking in either sex. These results suggest that isradipine may have the potential to serve as a dual-purpose pharmacotherapy for meth use disorders by attenuating seeking behavior and providing neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghoon Choi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Steven M Graves
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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8
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Ortner NJ, Sah A, Paradiso E, Shin J, Stojanovic S, Hammer N, Haritonova M, Hofer NT, Marcantoni A, Guarina L, Tuluc P, Theiner T, Pitterl F, Ebner K, Oberacher H, Carbone E, Stefanova N, Ferraguti F, Singewald N, Roeper J, Striessnig J. The human channel gating-modifying A749G CACNA1D (Cav1.3) variant induces a neurodevelopmental syndrome-like phenotype in mice. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e162100. [PMID: 37698939 PMCID: PMC10619503 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.162100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Germline de novo missense variants of the CACNA1D gene, encoding the pore-forming α1 subunit of Cav1.3 L-type Ca2+ channels (LTCCs), have been found in patients with neurodevelopmental and endocrine dysfunction, but their disease-causing potential is unproven. These variants alter channel gating, enabling enhanced Cav1.3 activity, suggesting Cav1.3 inhibition as a potential therapeutic option. Here we provide proof of the disease-causing nature of such gating-modifying CACNA1D variants using mice (Cav1.3AG) containing the A749G variant reported de novo in a patient with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual impairment. In heterozygous mutants, native LTCC currents in adrenal chromaffin cells exhibited gating changes as predicted from heterologous expression. The A749G mutation induced aberrant excitability of dorsomedial striatum-projecting substantia nigra dopamine neurons and medium spiny neurons in the dorsal striatum. The phenotype observed in heterozygous mutants reproduced many of the abnormalities described within the human disease spectrum, including developmental delay, social deficit, and pronounced hyperactivity without major changes in gross neuroanatomy. Despite an approximately 7-fold higher sensitivity of A749G-containing channels to the LTCC inhibitor isradipine, oral pretreatment over 2 days did not rescue the hyperlocomotion. Cav1.3AG mice confirm the pathogenicity of the A749G variant and point toward a pathogenetic role of altered signaling in the dopamine midbrain system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine J. Ortner
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Anupam Sah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Enrica Paradiso
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Josef Shin
- Institute for Neurophysiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | - Niklas Hammer
- Institute for Neurophysiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Maria Haritonova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Nadja T. Hofer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andrea Marcantoni
- Department of Drug Science, N.I.S. Centre, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Laura Guarina
- Department of Drug Science, N.I.S. Centre, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Petronel Tuluc
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Tamara Theiner
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Florian Pitterl
- Institute of Legal Medicine and Core Facility Metabolomics and
| | - Karl Ebner
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Emilio Carbone
- Department of Drug Science, N.I.S. Centre, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Nadia Stefanova
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Francesco Ferraguti
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Nicolas Singewald
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jochen Roeper
- Institute for Neurophysiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jörg Striessnig
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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9
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Stölting G, Dinh HA, Volkert M, Hellmig N, Schewe J, Hennicke L, Seidel E, Oberacher H, Zhang J, Lifton RP, Urban I, Long M, Rivalan M, Nottoli T, Scholl UI. Isradipine therapy in Cacna1dIle772Met/+ mice ameliorates primary aldosteronism and neurologic abnormalities. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e162468. [PMID: 37698934 PMCID: PMC10619505 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.162468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Somatic gain-of-function mutations in the L-type calcium channel CaV1.3 (CACNA1D gene) cause adrenal aldosterone-producing adenomas and micronodules. De novo germline mutations are found in a syndrome of primary aldosteronism, seizures, and neurologic abnormalities (PASNA) as well as in autism spectrum disorder. Using CRISPR/Cas9, we here generated mice with a Cacna1d gain-of-function mutation found in both adenomas and PASNA syndrome (Cacna1dIle772Met/+). These mice show reduced body weight and increased mortality from weaning to approximately 100 days of age. Male mice do not breed, likely due to neuromotor impairment, and the offspring of female mice die perinatally, likely due to lack of maternal care. Mice generated by in vitro fertilization showed elevated intracellular calcium in the aldosterone-producing zona glomerulosa, an elevated aldosterone/renin ratio, and persistently elevated serum aldosterone on a high-salt diet as signs of primary aldosteronism. Anesthesia with ketamine and xylazine induced tonic-clonic seizures. Neurologic abnormalities included hyperlocomotion, impaired performance in the rotarod test, impaired nest building, and slight changes in social behavior. Intracellular calcium in the zona glomerulosa, aldosterone levels, and rotarod performance responded to treatment with the calcium channel blocker isradipine, with implications for the therapy of patients with aldosterone-producing lesions and with PASNA syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Stölting
- Center of Functional Genomics, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hoang An Dinh
- Center of Functional Genomics, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marina Volkert
- Center of Functional Genomics, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicole Hellmig
- Center of Functional Genomics, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia Schewe
- Center of Functional Genomics, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Luise Hennicke
- Center of Functional Genomics, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eric Seidel
- Center of Functional Genomics, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Herbert Oberacher
- Institute of Legal Medicine and Core Facility Metabolomics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Junhui Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Richard P. Lifton
- Department of Genetics and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Laboratory of Human Genetics and Genomics, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Melissa Long
- Animal Behavior Phenotyping Facility (ABPF), Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marion Rivalan
- Animal Behavior Phenotyping Facility (ABPF), Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Timothy Nottoli
- Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale Genome Editing Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ute I. Scholl
- Center of Functional Genomics, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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10
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Lauerer RJ, Lerche H. Voltage-gated calcium channels in genetic epilepsies. J Neurochem 2023. [PMID: 37822150 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCC) are abundant in the central nervous system and serve a broad spectrum of functions, either directly in cellular excitability or indirectly to regulate Ca2+ homeostasis. Ca2+ ions act as one of the main connections in excitation-transcription coupling, muscle contraction and excitation-exocytosis coupling, including synaptic transmission. In recent years, many genes encoding VGCCs main α or additional auxiliary subunits have been associated with epilepsy. This review sums up the current state of knowledge on disease mechanisms and provides guidance on disease-specific therapies where applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Lauerer
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University and University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Holger Lerche
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University and University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
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11
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Mokrov GV. Multitargeting in cardioprotection: An example of biaromatic compounds. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2023; 356:e2300196. [PMID: 37345968 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202300196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
A multitarget drug design approach is actively developing in modern medicinal chemistry and pharmacology, especially with regard to multifactorial diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. A detailed study of many well-known drugs developed within the single-target approach also often reveals additional mechanisms of their real pharmacological action. One of the multitarget drug design approaches can be the identification of the basic pharmacophore models corresponding to a wide range of the required target ligands. Among such models in the group of cardioprotectors is the linked biaromatic system. This review develops the concept of a "basic pharmacophore" using the biaromatic pharmacophore of cardioprotectors as an example. It presents an analysis of possible biological targets for compounds corresponding to the biaromatic pharmacophore and an analysis of the spectrum of biological targets for the five most known and most studied cardioprotective drugs corresponding to this model, and their involvement in the biological effects of these drugs.
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12
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McCarthy CI, Mustafá ER, Cornejo MP, Yaneff A, Rodríguez SS, Perello M, Raingo J. Chlorpromazine, an Inverse Agonist of D1R-Like, Differentially Targets Voltage-Gated Calcium Channel (Ca V) Subtypes in mPFC Neurons. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:2644-2660. [PMID: 36694048 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03221-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The dopamine receptor type 1 (D1R) and the dopamine receptor type 5 (D5R), which are often grouped as D1R-like due to their sequence and signaling similarities, exhibit high levels of constitutive activity. The molecular basis for this agonist-independent activation has been well characterized through biochemical and mutagenesis in vitro studies. In this regard, it was reported that many antipsychotic drugs act as inverse agonists of D1R-like constitutive activity. On the other hand, D1R is highly expressed in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), a brain area with important functions such as working memory. Here, we studied the impact of D1R-like constitutive activity and chlorpromazine (CPZ), an antipsychotic drug and D1R-like inverse agonist, on various neuronal CaV conductances, and we explored its effect on calcium-dependent neuronal functions in the mouse medial mPFC. Using ex vivo brain slices containing the mPFC and transfected HEK293T cells, we found that CPZ reduces CaV2.2 currents by occluding D1R-like constitutive activity, in agreement with a mechanism previously reported by our lab, whereas CPZ directly inhibits CaV1 currents in a D1R-like activity independent manner. In contrast, CPZ and D1R constitutive activity did not affect CaV2.1, CaV2.3, or CaV3 currents. Finally, we found that CPZ reduces excitatory postsynaptic responses in mPFC neurons. Our results contribute to understanding CPZ molecular targets in neurons and describe a novel physiological consequence of CPZ non-canonical action as a D1R-like inverse agonist in the mouse brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Inés McCarthy
- Electrophysiology Laboratory of the Multidisciplinary Institute of Cell Biology (Argentine Research Council CONICET, Scientific Research Commission of the Buenos Aires Province and National University of La Plata), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Emilio Román Mustafá
- Electrophysiology Laboratory of the Multidisciplinary Institute of Cell Biology (Argentine Research Council CONICET, Scientific Research Commission of the Buenos Aires Province and National University of La Plata), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Paula Cornejo
- Neurophysiology Laboratory of the Multidisciplinary Institute of Cell Biology (Argentine Research Council CONICET, Scientific Research Commission of the Buenos Aires Province and National University of La Plata), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Agustín Yaneff
- Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacológicas, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvia Susana Rodríguez
- Electrophysiology Laboratory of the Multidisciplinary Institute of Cell Biology (Argentine Research Council CONICET, Scientific Research Commission of the Buenos Aires Province and National University of La Plata), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mario Perello
- Neurophysiology Laboratory of the Multidisciplinary Institute of Cell Biology (Argentine Research Council CONICET, Scientific Research Commission of the Buenos Aires Province and National University of La Plata), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jesica Raingo
- Electrophysiology Laboratory of the Multidisciplinary Institute of Cell Biology (Argentine Research Council CONICET, Scientific Research Commission of the Buenos Aires Province and National University of La Plata), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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13
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Filippini L, Ortner NJ, Kaserer T, Striessnig J. Ca v 1.3-selective inhibitors of voltage-gated L-type Ca 2+ channels: Fact or (still) fiction? Br J Pharmacol 2023; 180:1289-1303. [PMID: 36788128 PMCID: PMC10953394 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated L-type Ca2+ -channels (LTCCs) are the target of Ca2+ -channel blockers (CCBs), which are in clinical use for the evidence-based treatment of hypertension and angina. Their cardiovascular effects are largely mediated by the Cav 1.2-subtype. However, based on our current understanding of their physiological and pathophysiological roles, Cav 1.3 LTCCs also appear as attractive drug targets for the therapy of various diseases, including treatment-resistant hypertension, spasticity after spinal cord injury and neuroprotection in Parkinson's disease. Since CCBs inhibit both Cav 1.2 and Cav 1.3, Cav 1.3-selective inhibitors would be valuable tools to validate the therapeutic potential of Cav 1.3 channel inhibition in preclinical models. Despite a number of publications reporting the discovery of Cav 1.3-selective blockers, their selectivity remains controversial. We conclude that at present no pharmacological tools exist that are suitable to confirm or refute a role of Cav 1.3 channels in cellular responses. We also suggest essential criteria for a small molecule to be considered Cav 1.3-selective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovica Filippini
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Center of Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of PharmacyUniversity of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
| | - Nadine J. Ortner
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Center of Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
| | - Teresa Kaserer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of PharmacyUniversity of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
| | - Jörg Striessnig
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Center of Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
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14
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Moore SJ, Cazares VA, Temme SJ, Murphy GG. Age-related deficits in neuronal physiology and cognitive function are recapitulated in young mice overexpressing the L-type calcium channel, Ca V 1.3. Aging Cell 2023; 22:e13781. [PMID: 36703244 PMCID: PMC10014069 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The calcium dysregulation hypothesis of brain aging posits that an age-related increase in neuronal calcium concentration is responsible for alterations in a variety of cellular processes that ultimately result in learning and memory deficits in aged individuals. We previously generated a novel transgenic mouse line, in which expression of the L-type voltage-gated calcium, CaV 1.3, is increased by ~50% over wild-type littermates. Here, we show that, in young mice, this increase is sufficient to drive changes in neuronal physiology and cognitive function similar to those observed in aged animals. Specifically, there is an increase in the magnitude of the postburst afterhyperpolarization, a deficit in spatial learning and memory (assessed by the Morris water maze), a deficit in recognition memory (assessed in novel object recognition), and an overgeneralization of fear to novel contexts (assessed by contextual fear conditioning). While overexpression of CaV 1.3 recapitulated these key aspects of brain aging, it did not produce alterations in action potential firing rates, basal synaptic communication, or spine number/density. Taken together, these results suggest that increased expression of CaV 1.3 in the aged brain is a crucial factor that acts in concert with age-related changes in other processes to produce the full complement of structural, functional, and behavioral outcomes that are characteristic of aged animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon J. Moore
- Michigan Neuroscience InstituteAnn ArborMichiganUSA
- Molecular & Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Victor A. Cazares
- Molecular & Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
- Department of PsychologyWilliams CollegeWilliamstownMassachusettsUSA
| | | | - Geoffrey G. Murphy
- Michigan Neuroscience InstituteAnn ArborMichiganUSA
- Molecular & Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
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15
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Gonzalez-Rodriguez P, Zampese E, Surmeier DJ. Disease mechanisms as Subtypes: Mitochondrial and bioenergetic dysfunction. Handb Clin Neurol 2023; 193:53-66. [PMID: 36803823 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-85555-6.00007-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease in the world. Despite its enormous human and societal cost, there is no disease-modifying therapy for PD. This unmet medical need reflects our limited understanding of PD pathogenesis. One of the most important clues comes from the recognition that PD motor symptoms arises from the dysfunction and degeneration of a very select group of neurons in the brain. These neurons have a distinctive set of anatomic and physiologic traits that reflect their role in brain function. These traits elevate mitochondrial stress, potentially making them particularly vulnerable to age, as well as to genetic mutations and environmental toxins linked to PD incidence. In this chapter, the literature supporting this model is outlined, along with gaps in our knowledge base. The translational implications of this hypothesis are then discussed, with a focus on why disease-modification trials have failed to date and what this means for the development of new strategies for altering disease course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Gonzalez-Rodriguez
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla and CIBERNED, Seville, Spain
| | - Enrico Zampese
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - D James Surmeier
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States.
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16
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Abstract
The CACNA1C gene encodes the pore-forming subunit of the CaV1.2 L-type Ca2+ channel, a critical component of membrane physiology in multiple tissues, including the heart, brain, and immune system. As such, mutations altering the function of these channels have the potential to impact a wide array of cellular functions. The first mutations identified within CACNA1C were shown to cause a severe, multisystem disorder known as Timothy syndrome (TS), which is characterized by neurodevelopmental deficits, long-QT syndrome, life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias, craniofacial abnormalities, and immune deficits. Since this initial description, the number and variety of disease-associated mutations identified in CACNA1C have grown tremendously, expanding the range of phenotypes observed in affected patients. CACNA1C channelopathies are now known to encompass multisystem phenotypes as described in TS, as well as more selective phenotypes where patients may exhibit predominantly cardiac or neurological symptoms. Here, we review the impact of genetic mutations on CaV1.2 function and the resultant physiological consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin G Herold
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - John W Hussey
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ivy E Dick
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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17
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Caulfield ME, Manfredsson FP, Steece-Collier K. The Role of Striatal Cav1.3 Calcium Channels in Therapeutics for Parkinson's Disease. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2023; 279:107-137. [PMID: 36592226 DOI: 10.1007/164_2022_629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a relentlessly progressive neurodegenerative disorder with typical motor symptoms that include rigidity, tremor, and akinesia/bradykinesia, in addition to a host of non-motor symptoms. Motor symptoms are caused by progressive and selective degeneration of dopamine (DA) neurons in the SN pars compacta (SNpc) and the accompanying loss of striatal DA innervation from these neurons. With the exception of monogenic forms of PD, the etiology of idiopathic PD remains unknown. While there are a number of symptomatic treatment options available to individuals with PD, these therapies do not work uniformly well in all patients, and eventually most are plagued with waning efficacy and significant side-effect liability with disease progression. The incidence of PD increases with aging, and as such the expected burden of this disease will continue to escalate as our aging population increases (Dorsey et al. Neurology 68:384-386, 2007). The daunting personal and socioeconomic burden has pressed scientists and clinicians to find improved symptomatic treatment options devoid side-effect liability and meaningful disease-modifying therapies. Federal and private sources have supported clinical investigations over the past two-plus decades; however, no trial has yet been successful in finding an effective therapy to slow progression of PD, and there is currently just one FDA approved drug to treat the antiparkinsonian side-effect known as levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) that impacts approximately 90% of all individuals with PD. In this review, we present biological rationale and experimental evidence on the potential therapeutic role of the L-type voltage-gated Cav1.3 calcium (Ca2+) channels in two distinct brain regions, with two distinct mechanisms of action, in impacting the lives of individuals with PD. Our primary emphasis will be on the role of Cav1.3 channels in the striatum and the compelling evidence of their involvement in LID side-effect liability. We also briefly discuss the role of these same Ca2+ channels in the SNpc and the longstanding interest in Cav1.3 in this brain region in halting or delaying progression of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret E Caulfield
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Fredric P Manfredsson
- Parkinson's Disease Research Unit, Department of Translational Neuroscience, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Kathy Steece-Collier
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.
- Hauenstein Neuroscience Center, Mercy Health Saint Mary's, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.
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18
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Morikawa H, Young CC, Smits JA. Usage of L-type calcium channel blockers to suppress drug reward and memory driving addiction: Past, present, and future. Neuropharmacology 2022; 221:109290. [PMID: 36241085 PMCID: PMC10476140 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Over the past three decades, L-type Ca2+ channel (LTCC) blockers have been considered a potential therapeutic drug to alleviate the symptoms of drug addiction. This idea has been supported, in part, by 1) expression of LTCCs in the brain dopaminergic circuits that are thought to play critical roles in the development and expression of addictive behaviors and 2) common usage of LTCC blockers in treating hypertension, which may enable off-label use of these drugs with good brain penetration as therapeutics for brain disorders. Addiction can be viewed as a maladaptive form of learning where powerful memories of drug-associated stimuli and actions drive compulsive drug intake. Largely under this framework, we will focus on the dopaminergic system that is thought be critically involved in drug-associated learning and memory and provide a brief overview of the past and recent studies testing the therapeutic potential of LTCC blockers for addictive disorders in animal models and humans and offer a future perspective on the use of LTCC blockers in drug addiction and, possibly, addiction to other non-drug rewards (e.g., gambling, eating, shopping). Interested readers can refer to other related articles in this issue and a comprehensive review available elsewhere (Little, 2021) to gain further insights into the roles of LTCCs in drug addiction and withdrawal symptoms associated with dependence. This article is part of the Special Issue on 'L-type calcium channel mechanisms in neuropsychiatric disorders'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Morikawa
- Department of Neuroscience and Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, USA.
| | | | - Jasper A Smits
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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Guardiola-Ripoll M, Almodóvar-Payá C, Lubeiro A, Sotero A, Salvador R, Fuentes-Claramonte P, Salgado-Pineda P, Papiol S, Ortiz-Gil J, Gomar JJ, Guerrero-Pedraza A, Sarró S, Maristany T, Molina V, Pomarol-Clotet E, Fatjó-Vilas M. A functional neuroimaging association study on the interplay between two schizophrenia genome-wide associated genes (CACNA1C and ZNF804A). Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2022; 272:1229-1239. [PMID: 35796825 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-022-01447-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The CACNA1C and the ZNF804A genes are among the most relevant schizophrenia GWAS findings. Recent evidence shows that the interaction of these genes with the schizophrenia diagnosis modulates brain functional response to a verbal fluency task. To better understand how these genes might influence the risk for schizophrenia, we aimed to study the interplay between CACNA1C and ZNF804A on working memory brain functional correlates. The analyses included functional and behavioural N-back task data (obtained from an fMRI protocol) and CACNA1C-rs1006737 and ZNF804A-rs1344706 genotypes for 78 healthy subjects and 78 patients with schizophrenia (matched for age, sex and premorbid IQ). We tested the effects of the epistasis between these genes as well as of the three-way interaction (CACNA1C × ZNAF804A × diagnosis) on working memory-associated activity (N-back: 2-back vs 1-back). We detected a significant CACNA1C × ZNAF804A interaction on working memory functional response in regions comprising the ventral caudate medially and within the left hemisphere, the superior and inferior orbitofrontal gyrus, the superior temporal pole and the ventral-anterior insula. The individuals with the GWAS-identified risk genotypes (CACNA1C-AA/AG and ZNF804A-AA) displayed a reduced working memory modulation response. This genotypic combination was also associated with opposite brain activity patterns between patients and controls. While further research will help to comprehend the neurobiological mechanisms of this interaction, our data highlight the role of the epistasis between CACNA1C and ZNF804A in the functional mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Guardiola-Ripoll
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERSAM (Biomedical Research Network in Mental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Almodóvar-Payá
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERSAM (Biomedical Research Network in Mental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba Lubeiro
- Psychiatry Department, School of Medicine, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Sotero
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raymond Salvador
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERSAM (Biomedical Research Network in Mental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain
| | - Paola Fuentes-Claramonte
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERSAM (Biomedical Research Network in Mental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Salgado-Pineda
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERSAM (Biomedical Research Network in Mental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergi Papiol
- CIBERSAM (Biomedical Research Network in Mental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Jordi Ortiz-Gil
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERSAM (Biomedical Research Network in Mental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain
- Hospital General de Granollers, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesús J Gomar
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
- The Litwin-Zucker Alzheimer's Research Center, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | | | - Salvador Sarró
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERSAM (Biomedical Research Network in Mental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Maristany
- Diagnostic Imaging Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vicente Molina
- CIBERSAM (Biomedical Research Network in Mental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain
- Psychiatry Department, School of Medicine, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- Neurosciences Institute of Castilla y León (INCYL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Psychiatry Service, University Hospital of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Edith Pomarol-Clotet
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.
- CIBERSAM (Biomedical Research Network in Mental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Mar Fatjó-Vilas
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.
- CIBERSAM (Biomedical Research Network in Mental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain.
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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Carnovale C, Perrotta C, Baldelli S, Cattaneo D, Montrasio C, Barbieri SS, Pompilio G, Vantaggiato C, Clementi E, Pozzi M. Antihypertensive drugs and brain function: mechanisms underlying therapeutically beneficial and harmful neuropsychiatric effects. Cardiovasc Res 2022; 119:647-667. [PMID: 35895876 PMCID: PMC10153433 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A bidirectional relationship exists between hypertension and psychiatric disorders, including unipolar and bipolar depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), psychosis, schizophrenia, mania, and dementia/cognitive decline. Repurposing of antihypertensive drugs to treat mental disorders is thus being explored. A systematic knowledge of the mechanisms of action and clinical consequences of the use of antihypertensive agents on neuropsychiatric functions has not been achieved yet. In this article, we review the putative role of antihypertensive agents in psychiatric disorders, discuss the targets and mechanisms of action, and examine how and to what extent specific drug classes/molecules may trigger, worsen, or mitigate psychiatric symptoms. In addition, we review pharmacokinetics (brain penetration of drugs) and pharmacogenetics data that add important information to assess risks and benefits of antihypertensive drugs in neuropsychiatric settings. The scientific literature shows robust evidence of a positive effect of α1 blockers on PTSD symptoms, nightmares and sleep quality, α2 agonists on core symptoms, executive function and quality of life in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, PTSD, Tourette's syndrome, and β blockers on anxiety, aggression, working memory, and social communication. Renin-angiotensin system modulators exert protective effects on cognition, depression, and anxiety, and the loop diuretic bumetanide reduced the core symptoms of autism in a subset of patients. There is no evidence of clear benefits of calcium channel blockers in mood disorders in the scientific literature. These findings are mainly from preclinical studies; clinical data are still insufficient or of anecdotal nature, and seldom systematic. The information herewith provided can support a better therapeutic approach to hypertension, tailored to patients with, or with high susceptibility to, psychiatric illness. It may prompt clinical studies exploring the potential benefit of antihypertensive drugs in selected patients with neuropsychiatric comorbidities that include outcomes of neuropsychiatric interest and specifically assess undesirable effects or interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Carnovale
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (DIBIC), ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco University Hospital, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy
| | - Cristiana Perrotta
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (DIBIC), ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco University Hospital, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy
| | - Sara Baldelli
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco University Hospital, 20157 Milano, Italy
| | - Dario Cattaneo
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco University Hospital, 20157 Milano, Italy
| | - Cristina Montrasio
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco University Hospital, 20157 Milano, Italy
| | - Silvia S Barbieri
- Unit of Brain-Heart axis: cellular and molecular mechanisms - Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milano, Italy
| | - Giulio Pompilio
- Unit of Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine - Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Emilio Clementi
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (DIBIC), ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco University Hospital, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy.,Scientific Institute IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Bosisio Parini (LC), Italy
| | - Marco Pozzi
- Scientific Institute IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Bosisio Parini (LC), Italy
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Scotti-Muzzi E, Chile T, Vallada H, Otaduy MCG, Soeiro-de-Souza MG. Association between CACNA1C gene rs100737 polymorphism and glutamatergic neurometabolites in bipolar disorder. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2022; 59:26-35. [PMID: 35544990 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Abnormalities in Ca2+ homeostasis in Bipolar Disorders (BD) have been associated with impairments in glutamatergic receptors and voltage-gated calcium channels. Increased anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) glutamatergic neurometabolites have been consistently disclosed in BD by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS). A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the CACNA1C gene (rs1006737), which encodes the alpha 1-C subunit of the L-type calcium channel, has been associated with BD and is reported to modulate intra-cellular Ca2+. Thus, this study aimed to explore the association of the CACNA1C genotype with ACC glutamatergic metabolites measured by 1H-MRS in both BD and HC subjects. A total of 194 subjects (121 euthymic BD type I patients and 73 healthy controls (HC) were genotyped for CACNA1C rs1006737, underwent a 3-Tesla 1H-MRS imaging examination and ACC glutamatergic metabolite were assessed. We found overall increased glutamatergic metabolites in AA carriers in BD. Specifically, higher Glx/Cr was observed in subjects with the AA genotype compared to both AG and GG in the overall sample (BD + HC). Also, female individuals in the BD group with AA genotype were found to have higher Glx/Cr compared to those with other genotypes. CACNA1C AA carriers in use of anticonvulsant medication had higher estimated Glutamine (Glx-Glu) than the other genotypes. Thus, this study suggest an association between calcium channel genetics and increased glutamatergic metabolites in BD, possibly playing a synergic role in intracellular Ca2+ overload and excitotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estêvão Scotti-Muzzi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo (FMUSP), Institute of Psychiatry, CEAPESQ, PROGRUDA, School of Medicine, Dr. Ovidio Pires de Campos s / n. Clinic Hospital, São Paulo 05403-010, Brazil.
| | - Thais Chile
- Genetics and Pharmacogenetics Unit (PROGENE), Institute of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo (IPq-FMUSP), Brazil
| | - Homero Vallada
- Genetics and Pharmacogenetics Unit (PROGENE), Institute of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo (IPq-FMUSP), Brazil
| | - Maria Concepción Garcia Otaduy
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance LIM44, Department and Institute of Radiology, University of São Paulo (InRad-FMUSP), Brazil
| | - Márcio Gerhardt Soeiro-de-Souza
- Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo (FMUSP), Institute of Psychiatry, CEAPESQ, PROGRUDA, School of Medicine, Dr. Ovidio Pires de Campos s / n. Clinic Hospital, São Paulo 05403-010, Brazil
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22
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Piras M, Scano A, Orrù G, Preti A, Marchese C, Kalcev G. Can an Investigation of a Single Gene be Effective in Differentiating Certain Features of the Bipolar Disorder Profile? Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health 2021; 17:187-189. [PMID: 35173786 PMCID: PMC8728559 DOI: 10.2174/1745017902117010187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is amongst the most common heritable mental disorders, but the clarification of its genetic roots has proven to be very challenging. Many single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been identified to be associated with BD. SNPs in the CACNA1C gene have emerged as the most significantly associated with the disease. The aim of the present study is to provide a concise description of SNP 1006737 variants identified by Real Time PCR and confirm sequencing analysis with the Sanger method in order to estimate the association with BD. The molecular method was tested on 47 Sardinian subjects of whom 23 were found to not be mutated, 1 was found to be a carrier of the homozygous A allele and 23 were found to be carriers of the heterozygous G allele. Moreover, the positive results of the preliminary application suggest that the development of the screener could be extended to the other 5 genetic variables identified as associated with BD.
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23
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Abstract
Ion channels play a central role in the regulation of nearly every cellular process. Dating back to the classic 1952 Hodgkin-Huxley model of the generation of the action potential, ion channels have always been thought of as independent agents. A myriad of recent experimental findings exploiting advances in electrophysiology, structural biology, and imaging techniques, however, have posed a serious challenge to this long-held axiom as several classes of ion channels appear to open and close in a coordinated, cooperative manner. Ion channel cooperativity ranges from variable-sized oligomeric cooperative gating in voltage-gated, dihydropyridine-sensitive Cav1.2 and Cav1.3 channels to obligatory dimeric assembly and gating of voltage-gated Nav1.5 channels. Potassium channels, transient receptor potential channels, hyperpolarization cyclic nucleotide-activated channels, ryanodine receptors (RyRs), and inositol trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) have also been shown to gate cooperatively. The implications of cooperative gating of these ion channels range from fine tuning excitation-contraction coupling in muscle cells to regulating cardiac function and vascular tone, to modulation of action potential and conduction velocity in neurons and cardiac cells, and to control of pace-making activity in the heart. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms leading to cooperative gating of ion channels, their physiological consequences and how alterations in cooperative gating of ion channels may induce a range of clinically significant pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose Ellen Dixon
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Manuel F Navedo
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Marc D Binder
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - L Fernando Santana
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
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Vierra NC, O'Dwyer SC, Matsumoto C, Santana LF, Trimmer JS. Regulation of neuronal excitation-transcription coupling by Kv2.1-induced clustering of somatic L-type Ca 2+ channels at ER-PM junctions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2110094118. [PMID: 34750263 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2110094118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In hippocampal neurons, gene expression is triggered by electrical activity and Ca2+ entry via L-type Cav1.2 channels in a process called excitation–transcription coupling. We identified a domain on the voltage-gated K+ channel Kv2.1 that promotes the clustering of L-type Cav1.2 channels at endoplasmic reticulum–plasma membrane junctions in the soma of neurons. Importantly, we discovered by disrupting this domain that the Kv2.1-mediated clustering of Cav1.2 at this somatic microdomain is critical for depolarization-induced excitation–transcription coupling. In mammalian brain neurons, membrane depolarization leads to voltage-gated Ca2+ channel-mediated Ca2+ influx that triggers diverse cellular responses, including gene expression, in a process termed excitation–transcription coupling. Neuronal L-type Ca2+ channels, which have prominent populations on the soma and distal dendrites of hippocampal neurons, play a privileged role in excitation–transcription coupling. The voltage-gated K+ channel Kv2.1 organizes signaling complexes containing the L-type Ca2+ channel Cav1.2 at somatic endoplasmic reticulum–plasma membrane junctions. This leads to enhanced clustering of Cav1.2 channels, increasing their activity. However, the downstream consequences of the Kv2.1-mediated regulation of Cav1.2 localization and function on excitation–transcription coupling are not known. Here, we have identified a region between residues 478 to 486 of Kv2.1’s C terminus that mediates the Kv2.1-dependent clustering of Cav1.2. By disrupting this Ca2+ channel association domain with either mutations or with a cell-penetrating interfering peptide, we blocked the Kv2.1-mediated clustering of Cav1.2 at endoplasmic reticulum–plasma membrane junctions and the subsequent enhancement of its channel activity and somatic Ca2+ signals without affecting the clustering of Kv2.1. These interventions abolished the depolarization-induced and L-type Ca2+ channel-dependent phosphorylation of the transcription factor CREB and the subsequent expression of c-Fos in hippocampal neurons. Our findings support a model whereby the Kv2.1-Ca2+ channel association domain-mediated clustering of Cav1.2 channels imparts a mechanism to control somatic Ca2+ signals that couple neuronal excitation to gene expression.
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Abstract
This review describes interactions between compounds, primarily dihydropyridines, that block L-type calcium channels and drugs that cause dependence, and the potential importance of these interactions. The main dependence-inducing drugs covered are alcohol, psychostimulants, opioids, and nicotine. In preclinical studies, L-type calcium channel blockers prevent or reduce important components of dependence on these drugs, particularly their reinforcing actions and the withdrawal syndromes. The channel blockers also reduce the development of tolerance and/or sensitization, and they have no intrinsic dependence liability. In some instances, their effects include reversal of brain changes established during drug dependence. Prolonged treatment with alcohol, opioids, psychostimulant drugs, or nicotine causes upregulation of dihydropyridine binding sites. Few clinical studies have been carried out so far, and reports are conflicting, although there is some evidence of effectiveness of L-channel blockers in opioid withdrawal. However, the doses of L-type channel blockers used clinically so far have necessarily been limited by potential cardiovascular problems and may not have provided sufficient central levels of the drugs to affect neuronal dihydropyridine binding sites. New L-type calcium channel blocking compounds are being developed with more selective actions on subtypes of L-channel. The preclinical evidence suggests that L-type calcium channels may play a crucial role in the development of dependence to different types of drugs. Mechanisms for this are proposed, including changes in the activity of mesolimbic dopamine neurons, genomic effects, and alterations in synaptic plasticity. Newly developed, more selective L-type calcium channel blockers could be of considerable value in the treatment of drug dependence. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Dependence on drugs is a very serious health problem with little effective treatment. Preclinical evidence shows drugs that block particular calcium channels, the L-type, reduce dependence-related effects of alcohol, opioids, psychostimulants, and nicotine. Clinical studies have been restricted by potential cardiovascular side effects, but new, more selective L-channel blockers are becoming available. L-channel blockers have no intrinsic dependence liability, and laboratory evidence suggests they reverse previously developed effects of dependence-inducing drugs. They could provide a novel approach to addiction treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilary J Little
- Section of Alcohol Research, National Addiction Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, United Kingdom
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Chen YS, Weng SJ, Chang SH, Li RY, Shane GT, Hsu JP, Yeh SW, Chang AC, Lee MJ. Evaluating the antidiabetic effects of R-verapamil in type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus mouse models. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0255405. [PMID: 34358247 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The global incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing. Types 1 and 2 DM are associated with declining β-cell function. Verapamil (50% S-verapamil and 50% R-verapamil) can treat DM by downregulating thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), which induces islet β-cell apoptosis. However, it may also induce cardiovascular side effects as S-verapamil is negatively inotropic. In contrast, R-verapamil only weakly induces adverse cardiac effects. In this study, we aimed to determine the antidiabetic efficacy and cardiovascular safety of R-verapamil. We examined R- and S-verapamil binding through in vitro studies. Streptozotocin-induced type 1 and db/db type 2 DM mouse models were used to assess the antidiabetic efficacy of verapamil. IL-6, blood glucose (BG), Txnip expression, and β-cells were evaluated in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice, while body weight, BG, and serum insulin were measured in the db/db mice. In the type 1 DM study, 100 mg/kg/day R-verapamil and racemic verapamil lowered BG, downregulated Txnip expression, and reduced β-cell apoptosis. In the type 2 DM study, the optimal R-verapamil dosage was 60 mg/kg/day and it lowered BG and raised serum insulin. However, efficacy did not increase with R-verapamil dosage. R-verapamil combined with metformin/acarbose improved BG and serum insulin more effectively than metformin/acarbose alone or verapamil combined with acarbose. R-verapamil had weaker cardiovascular side effects than S-verapamil. R-verapamil was 9.0× and 3.4× less effective than S-verapamil at inhibiting atrial inotropy and ileal contractility, respectively. It was also 8.7× weaker than S-verapamil as an agonist of somatostatin receptor type 2 (SSTR2), inhibiting ileal neurogenic contraction. Hence, R-verapamil may be an optimal DM treatment as it is safe, improves glycemic control, and preserves β-cell function both as monotherapy and in combination with metformin or acarbose. R-Verapamil has potential for delaying or arresting DM progression and improving patients’ quality of life.
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Ballester Roig MN, Leduc T, Areal CC, Mongrain V. Cellular Effects of Rhynchophylline and Relevance to Sleep Regulation. Clocks Sleep 2021; 3:312-41. [PMID: 34207633 DOI: 10.3390/clockssleep3020020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Uncaria rhynchophylla is a plant highly used in the traditional Chinese and Japanese medicines. It has numerous health benefits, which are often attributed to its alkaloid components. Recent studies in humans show that drugs containing Uncaria ameliorate sleep quality and increase sleep time, both in physiological and pathological conditions. Rhynchophylline (Rhy) is one of the principal alkaloids in Uncaria species. Although treatment with Rhy alone has not been tested in humans, observations in rodents show that Rhy increases sleep time. However, the mechanisms by which Rhy could modulate sleep have not been comprehensively described. In this review, we are highlighting cellular pathways that are shown to be targeted by Rhy and which are also known for their implications in the regulation of wakefulness and sleep. We conclude that Rhy can impact sleep through mechanisms involving ion channels, N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, tyrosine kinase receptors, extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK)/mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/RAC serine/threonine-protein kinase (AKT), and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathways. In modulating multiple cellular responses, Rhy impacts neuronal communication in a way that could have substantial effects on sleep phenotypes. Thus, understanding the mechanisms of action of Rhy will have implications for sleep pharmacology.
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Ortner NJ. Voltage-Gated Ca 2+ Channels in Dopaminergic Substantia Nigra Neurons: Therapeutic Targets for Neuroprotection in Parkinson's Disease? Front Synaptic Neurosci 2021; 13:636103. [PMID: 33716705 PMCID: PMC7952618 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2021.636103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The loss of dopamine (DA)-producing neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SN) underlies the core motor symptoms of the progressive movement disorder Parkinson's disease (PD). To date, no treatment to prevent or slow SN DA neurodegeneration exists; thus, the identification of the underlying factors contributing to the high vulnerability of these neurons represents the basis for the development of novel therapies. Disrupted Ca2+ homeostasis and mitochondrial dysfunction seem to be key players in the pathophysiology of PD. The autonomous pacemaker activity of SN DA neurons, in combination with low cytosolic Ca2+ buffering, leads to large somatodendritic fluctuations of intracellular Ca2+ levels that are linked to elevated mitochondrial oxidant stress. L-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (LTCCs) contribute to these Ca2+ oscillations in dendrites, and LTCC inhibition was beneficial in cellular and in vivo animal models of PD. However, in a recently completed phase 3 clinical trial, the dihydropyridine (DHP) LTCC inhibitor isradipine failed to slow disease progression in early PD patients, questioning the feasibility of DHPs for PD therapy. Novel evidence also suggests that R- and T-type Ca2+ channels (RTCCs and TTCCs, respectively) represent potential PD drug targets. This short review aims to (re)evaluate the therapeutic potential of LTCC, RTCC, and TTCC inhibition in light of novel preclinical and clinical data and the feasibility of available Ca2+ channel blockers to modify PD disease progression. I also summarize their cell-specific roles for SN DA neuron function and describe how their gating properties allow activity (and thus their contribution to stressful Ca2+ oscillations) during pacemaking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine J. Ortner
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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29
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Abstract
Recently, the United States Food and Drug Administration approved esketamine, the S-enantiomer of ketamine, as a fast-acting therapeutic drug for treatment-resistant depression. Although ketamine is known as an N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, the underlying mechanisms of how it elicits an antidepressant effect, specifically at subanesthetic doses, are not clear and remain an advancing field of research interest. On the other hand, high-dose (more than the anesthetic dose) ketamine-induced neurotoxicity in animal models has been reported. There has been progress in understanding the potential pathways involved in ketamine-induced antidepressant effects, some of which include NMDA-receptor antagonism, modulation of voltage-gated calcium channels, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling. Often these pathways have been shown to be linked. Voltage-gated L-type calcium channels have been shown to mediate the rapid-acting antidepressant effects of ketamine, especially involving induction of BDNF synthesis downstream, while BDNF deficiency decreases the expression of L-type calcium channels. This review focuses on the reported studies linking ketamine's rapid-acting antidepressant actions to L-type calcium channels with an objective to present a perspective on the importance of the modulation of intracellular calcium in mediating the effects of subanesthetic (antidepressant) versus high-dose ketamine (anesthetic and potential neurotoxicant), the latter having the ability to reduce intracellular calcium by blocking the calcium-permeable NMDA receptors, which is implicated in potential neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie Robinson
- Division of Neurotoxicology, United States Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, United States
| | - Qiang Gu
- Division of Neurotoxicology, United States Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, United States
| | - Jyotshna Kanungo
- Division of Neurotoxicology, United States Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, United States
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Tabatabaee MS, Kerkovius J, Menard F. Design of an Imaging Probe to Monitor Real-Time Redistribution of L-type Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels in Astrocytic Glutamate Signaling. Mol Imaging Biol 2021; 23:407-416. [PMID: 33432518 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-020-01573-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In the brain, astrocytes are non-excitable cells that undergo rapid morphological changes when stimulated by the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate. We developed a chemical probe to monitor how glutamate affects the density and distribution of astrocytic L-type voltage-gated calcium channels (LTCC). PROCEDURES The imaging probe FluoBar1 was created from a barbiturate ligand modified with a fluorescent coumarin moiety. The probe selectivity was examined with colocalization analyses of confocal fluorescence imaging in U118-MG and transfected COS-7 cells. Living cells treated with 50 nM FluoBar1 were imaged in real time to reveal changes in density and distribution of astrocytic LTCCs upon exposure to glutamate. RESULTS FluoBar1 was synthesized in ten steps. The selectivity of the probe was demonstrated with immunoblotting and confocal imaging of immunostained cells expressing the CaV1.2 isoform of LTCCs proteins. Applying FluoBar1 to astrocyte model cells U118-MG allowed us to measure a fivefold increase in fluorescence density of LTCCs upon glutamate exposure. CONCLUSIONS Imaging probe FluoBar1 allows the real-time monitoring of LTCCs in living cells, revealing for first time that glutamate causes a rapid increase of LTCC membranar density in astrocyte model cells. FluoBar1 may help tackle previously intractable questions about LTCC dynamics in cellular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Sadat Tabatabaee
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, I.K. Barber Faculty of Science, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Jeff Kerkovius
- Department of Chemistry, I.K. Barber Faculty of Science, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Frederic Menard
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, I.K. Barber Faculty of Science, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada. .,Department of Chemistry, I.K. Barber Faculty of Science, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada.
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Hagan R, Rex E, Woody D, Milewski M, Glaza T, Maher MP, Liu Y. Development of phenotypic assays for identifying novel blockers of L-type calcium channels in neurons. Sci Rep 2021; 11:456. [PMID: 33432098 PMCID: PMC7801380 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80692-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
L-type calcium channels (LTCCs) are highly expressed in the heart and brain and are critical for cardiac and neuronal functions. LTCC-blocking drugs have a long and successful record in the clinic for treating cardiovascular disorders. In contrast, establishment of their efficacy for indications of the central nervous system remains challenging given the tendency of existing LTCC drugs being functionally and mechanistically more selective for peripheral tissues. LTCCs in vivo are large macromolecular complexes consisting of a pore-forming subunit and other modulatory proteins, some of which may be neuro-specific and potentially harbor mechanisms for neuronal selectivity. To exploit the possibility of identifying mechanistically novel and/or neuro-selective blockers, we developed two phenotypic assays—a calcium flux-based primary screening assay and a patch clamp secondary assay, using rat primary cortical cultures. We screened a library comprised of 1278 known bioactive agents and successfully identified a majority of the potent LTCC-blocking drugs in the library. Significantly, we identified a previously unrecognized LTCC blocker with a novel mechanism, which was corroborated by patch clamp and binding studies. As such, these phenotypic assays are robust and represent an important step towards identifying mechanistically novel and neuro-selective LTCC blockers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Hagan
- Neuroscience Discovery, Janssen Research & Development, L.L.C, 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Elizabeth Rex
- Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research & Development, L.L.C, 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - David Woody
- Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research & Development, L.L.C, 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Monika Milewski
- Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research & Development, L.L.C, 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Thomas Glaza
- Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research & Development, L.L.C, 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Michael P Maher
- Neuroscience Discovery, Janssen Research & Development, L.L.C, 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Yi Liu
- Neuroscience Discovery, Janssen Research & Development, L.L.C, 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA.
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Ye Q, Zhang Z, Zhang W, Ding Y, Zhao F, Zhang J, Song Y. Investigation of the Selectivity of L-Type Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels 1.3 for Pyrimidine-2,4,6-Triones Derivatives Based on Molecular Dynamics Simulation. Molecules 2020; 25:E5440. [PMID: 33233858 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Human Cav1.3 (hCav1.3) is of great interest as a potential target for Parkinson’s disease. However, common medications like dihydropyridines (DHPs), a kind of classic calcium channel blocker, have poor selectivity to hCav1.3 in clinical treatment, mainly due to being implicated in cardiovascular side-effects mediated by human Cav1.2 (hCav1.2). Recently, pyrimidine-2,4,6-triones (PYTs) have received extensive attention as prominent selective inhibitors to hCav1.3. In this study, we describe the selectivity mechanism of PYTs for hCav1.2 and hCav1.3 based on molecular dynamic simulation methods. Our results reveal that the van der Waals (vdW) interaction was the most important force affecting selectivity. Moreover, the hydrophobic interaction was more conducive to the combination. The highly hydrophobic amino acid residues on hCav1.3, such as V162 (IR1), L303 (IR2), M481 (IR3), and F484 (IR3), provided the greatest contributions in the binding free energy. On the other hand, the substituents of a halogen-substituted aromatic ring, cycloalkyl and norbornyl on PYTs, which are pertinent to the steric hindrance of the compounds, played core roles in the selectivity and affinity for hCav1.3, whereas strong polar substituents needed to be avoided. The findings could provide valuable information for designing more effective and safe medicines for Parkinson’s disease.
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Bavley CC, Fetcho RN, Burgdorf CE, Walsh AP, Fischer DK, Hall BS, Sayles NM, Contoreggi NH, Hackett JE, Antigua SA, Babij R, De Marco García NV, Kash TL, Milner TA, Liston C, Rajadhyaksha AM. Cocaine- and stress-primed reinstatement of drug-associated memories elicit differential behavioral and frontostriatal circuit activity patterns via recruitment of L-type Ca(2+) channels. Mol Psychiatry 2020; 25:2373-91. [PMID: 31501511 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-019-0513-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Cocaine-associated memories are critical drivers of relapse in cocaine-dependent individuals that can be evoked by exposure to cocaine or stress. Whether these environmental stimuli recruit similar molecular and circuit-level mechanisms to promote relapse remains largely unknown. Here, using cocaine- and stress-primed reinstatement of cocaine conditioned place preference to model drug-associated memories, we find that cocaine drives reinstatement by increasing the duration that mice spend in the previously cocaine-paired context whereas stress increases the number of entries into this context. Importantly, both forms of reinstatement require Cav1.2 L-type Ca2+ channels (LTCCs) in cells of the prelimbic cortex that project to the nucleus accumbens core (PrL→NAcC). Utilizing fiber photometry to measure circuit activity in vivo in conjunction with the LTCC blocker, isradipine, we find that LTCCs drive differential recruitment of the PrL→ NAcC pathway during cocaine- and stress-primed reinstatement. While cocaine selectively activates PrL→NAcC cells prior to entry into the cocaine-paired chamber, a measure that is predictive of duration in that chamber, stress increases persistent activity of this projection, which correlates with entries into the cocaine-paired chamber. Using projection-specific chemogenetic manipulations, we show that PrL→NAcC activity is required for both cocaine- and stress-primed reinstatement, and that activation of this projection in Cav1.2-deficient mice restores reinstatement. These data indicate that LTCCs are a common mediator of cocaine- and stress-primed reinstatement. However, they engage different patterns of behavior and PrL→NAcC projection activity depending on the environmental stimuli. These findings establish a framework to further study how different environmental experiences can drive relapse, and supports further exploration of isradipine, an FDA-approved LTCC blocker, as a potential therapeutic for the prevention of relapse in cocaine-dependent individuals.
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Cooper G, Kang S, Perez-Rosello T, Guzman JN, Galtieri D, Xie Z, Kondapalli J, Mordell J, Silverman RB, Surmeier DJ. A Single Amino Acid Determines the Selectivity and Efficacy of Selective Negative Allosteric Modulators of Ca V1.3 L-Type Calcium Channels. ACS Chem Biol 2020; 15:2539-2550. [PMID: 32881483 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.0c00577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ca2+ channels with a CaV1.3 pore-forming α1 subunit have been implicated in both neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders, motivating the development of selective and potent inhibitors of CaV1.3 versus CaV1.2 channels, the calcium channels implicated in hypertensive disorders. We have previously identified pyrimidine-2,4,6-triones (PYTs) that preferentially inhibit CaV1.3 channels, but the structural determinants of their interaction with the channel have not been identified, impeding their development into drugs. By a combination of biochemical, computational, and molecular biological approaches, it was found that PYTs bind to the dihydropyridine (DHP) binding pocket of the CaV1.3 subunit, establishing them as negative allosteric modulators of channel gating. Site-directed mutagenesis, based on homology models of CaV1.3 and CaV1.2 channels, revealed that a single amino acid residue within the DHP binding pocket (M1078) is responsible for the selectivity of PYTs for CaV1.3 over CaV1.2. In addition to providing direction for chemical optimization, these results suggest that, like dihydropyridines, PYTs have pharmacological features that could make them of broad clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garry Cooper
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
- Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
- Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Soosung Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
- Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Tamara Perez-Rosello
- Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - Jaime N. Guzman
- Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - Daniel Galtieri
- Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - Zhong Xie
- Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - Jyothisri Kondapalli
- Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - Jack Mordell
- Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - Richard B. Silverman
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
- Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - D. James Surmeier
- Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
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Chen R, Ferris MJ, Wang S. Dopamine D2 autoreceptor interactome: Targeting the receptor complex as a strategy for treatment of substance use disorder. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 213:107583. [PMID: 32473160 PMCID: PMC7434700 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dopamine D2 autoreceptors (D2ARs), located in somatodendritic and axon terminal compartments of dopamine (DA) neurons, function to provide a negative feedback regulatory control on DA neuron firing, DA synthesis, reuptake and release. Dysregulation of D2AR-mediated DA signaling is implicated in vulnerability to substance use disorder (SUD). Due to the extreme low abundance of D2ARs compared to postsynaptic D2 receptors (D2PRs) and the lack of experimental tools to differentiate the signaling of D2ARs from D2PRs, the regulation of D2ARs by drugs of abuse is poorly understood. The recent availability of conditional D2AR knockout mice and newly developed virus-mediated gene delivery approaches have provided means to specifically study the function of D2ARs at the molecular, cellular and behavioral levels. There is a growing revelation of novel mechanisms and new proteins that mediate D2AR activity, suggesting that D2ARs act cooperatively with an array of membrane and intracellular proteins to tightly control DA transmission. This review highlights D2AR-interacting partners including transporters, G-protein-coupled receptors, ion channels, intracellular signaling modulators, and protein kinases. The complexity of the D2AR interaction network illustrates the functional divergence of D2ARs. Pharmacological targeting of multiple D2AR-interacting partners may be more effective to restore disrupted DA homeostasis by drugs of abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Chen
- Dept. of Physiology & Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC 27157, United States of America; Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction Treatment, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC 27157, United States of America.
| | - Mark J Ferris
- Dept. of Physiology & Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC 27157, United States of America; Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction Treatment, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC 27157, United States of America
| | - Shiyu Wang
- Dept. of Physiology & Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC 27157, United States of America
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36
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Ortner NJ, Kaserer T, Copeland JN, Striessnig J. De novo CACNA1D Ca 2+ channelopathies: clinical phenotypes and molecular mechanism. Pflugers Arch 2020; 472:755-773. [PMID: 32583268 PMCID: PMC7351864 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-020-02418-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The identification of rare disease-causing variants in humans by large-scale next-generation sequencing (NGS) studies has also provided us with new insights into the pathophysiological role of de novo missense variants in the CACNA1D gene that encodes the pore-forming α1-subunit of voltage-gated Cav1.3 L-type Ca2+ channels. These CACNA1D variants have been identified somatically in aldosterone-producing adenomas as well as germline in patients with neurodevelopmental and in some cases endocrine symptoms. In vitro studies in heterologous expression systems have revealed typical gating changes that indicate enhanced Ca2+ influx through Cav1.3 channels as the underlying disease-causing mechanism. Here we summarize the clinical findings of 12 well-characterized individuals with a total of 9 high-risk pathogenic CACNA1D variants. Moreover, we propose how information from somatic mutations in aldosterone-producing adenomas could be used to predict the potential pathogenicity of novel germline variants. Since these pathogenic de novo variants can cause a channel-gain-of function, we also discuss the use of L-type Ca2+ channel blockers as a potential therapeutic option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine J Ortner
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Teresa Kaserer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - J Nathan Copeland
- Duke Center for Autism and Brain Development, Duke Child and Family Mental Health and Developmental Neuroscience, Durham, USA
| | - Jörg Striessnig
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
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Pillaiyar T, Meenakshisundaram S, Manickam M, Sankaranarayanan M. A medicinal chemistry perspective of drug repositioning: Recent advances and challenges in drug discovery. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 195:112275. [PMID: 32283298 PMCID: PMC7156148 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Drug repurposing is a strategy consisting of finding new indications for already known marketed drugs used in various clinical settings or highly characterized compounds despite they can be failed drugs. Recently, it emerges as an alternative approach for the rapid identification and development of new pharmaceuticals for various rare and complex diseases for which lack the effective drug treatments. The success rate of drugs repurposing approach accounts for approximately 30% of new FDA approved drugs and vaccines in recent years. This review focuses on the status of drugs repurposing approach for various diseases including skin diseases, infective, inflammatory, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. Efforts have been made to provide structural features and mode of actions of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanigaimalai Pillaiyar
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Department of Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121, Bonn, Germany.
| | | | - Manoj Manickam
- Department of Chemistry, PSG Institute of Technology and Applied Research, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Murugesan Sankaranarayanan
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani, 333031, Rajasthan, India
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Miranda AS, Cardozo PL, Silva FR, de Souza JM, Olmo IG, Cruz JS, Gomez MV, Ribeiro FM, Vieira LB. Alterations of Calcium Channels in a Mouse Model of Huntington's Disease and Neuroprotection by Blockage of Ca V1 Channels. ASN Neuro 2020; 11:1759091419856811. [PMID: 31216184 PMCID: PMC6585245 DOI: 10.1177/1759091419856811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Huntington’s disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative autosomal dominant disorder, characterized by symptoms of involuntary movement of the body, loss of cognitive function, psychiatric disorder, leading inevitably to death. It has been previously described that higher levels of brain expression of Cav1 channels are involved in major neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. Our results demonstrate that a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC)-mediated transgenic mouse model (BACHD mice) at the age of 3 and 12 months exhibits significantly increased Cav1.2 protein levels in the cortex, as compared with wild-type littermates. Importantly, electrophysiological analyses confirm a significant increase in L-type Ca2+ currents and total Ca2+ current density in cortical neurons from BACHD mice. By using an in vitro assay to measure neuronal cell death, we were able to observe neuronal protection against glutamate toxicity after treatment with Cav1 blockers, in wild-type and, more importantly, in BACHD neurons. According to our data, Cav1 blockers may offer an interesting strategy for the treatment of HD. Altogether, our results show that mutant huntingtin (mHtt) expression may cause a dysregulation of Cav1.2 channels and we hypothesize that this contributes to neurodegeneration during HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur S Miranda
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Pablo Leal Cardozo
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Flavia R Silva
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Jessica M de Souza
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Isabella G Olmo
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Jader S Cruz
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Fabiola M Ribeiro
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Luciene B Vieira
- 3 Department of Pharmacology, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Chovancova B, Liskova V, Miklikova S, Hudecova S, Babula P, Penesova A, Sevcikova A, Durinikova E, Novakova M, Matuskova M, Krizanova O. Calcium signaling affects migration and proliferation differently in individual cancer cells due to nifedipine treatment. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 171:113695. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.113695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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40
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Alves VS, Alves-silva HS, Orts DJ, Ribeiro-silva L, Arcisio-miranda M, Oliveira FA. Calcium Signaling in Neurons and Glial Cells: Role of Cav1 channels. Neuroscience 2019; 421:95-111. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Vierra NC, Kirmiz M, van der List D, Santana LF, Trimmer JS. Kv2.1 mediates spatial and functional coupling of L-type calcium channels and ryanodine receptors in mammalian neurons. eLife 2019; 8:49953. [PMID: 31663850 PMCID: PMC6839919 DOI: 10.7554/elife.49953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The voltage-gated K+ channel Kv2.1 serves a major structural role in the soma and proximal dendrites of mammalian brain neurons, tethering the plasma membrane (PM) to endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Although Kv2.1 clustering at neuronal ER-PM junctions (EPJs) is tightly regulated and highly conserved, its function remains unclear. By identifying and evaluating proteins in close spatial proximity to Kv2.1-containing EPJs, we discovered that a significant role of Kv2.1 at EPJs is to promote the clustering and functional coupling of PM L-type Ca2+ channels (LTCCs) to ryanodine receptor (RyR) ER Ca2+ release channels. Kv2.1 clustering also unexpectedly enhanced LTCC opening at polarized membrane potentials. This enabled Kv2.1-LTCC-RyR triads to generate localized Ca2+ release events (i.e., Ca2+ sparks) independently of action potentials. Together, these findings uncover a novel mode of LTCC regulation and establish a unique mechanism whereby Kv2.1-associated EPJs provide a molecular platform for localized somatodendritic Ca2+ signals in mammalian brain neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas C Vierra
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, United States.,Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California, Davis, Davis, United States
| | - Michael Kirmiz
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California, Davis, Davis, United States
| | - Deborah van der List
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, United States.,Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California, Davis, Davis, United States
| | - L Fernando Santana
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, United States
| | - James S Trimmer
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, United States.,Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California, Davis, Davis, United States
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Rivera I, Cauvi DM, Arispe N, De Maio A. Nitrendipine, an antihypertensive alpha calcium channel blocker, is cytotoxic to neuroblastoma cells. Mol Cell Toxicol 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-019-0051-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Prata DP, Costa-Neves B, Cosme G, Vassos E. Unravelling the genetic basis of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder with GWAS: A systematic review. J Psychiatr Res 2019; 114:178-207. [PMID: 31096178 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To systematically review findings of GWAS in schizophrenia (SZ) and in bipolar disorder (BD); and to interpret findings, with a focus on identifying independent replications. METHOD PubMed search, selection and review of all independent GWAS in SZ or BD, published since March 2011, i.e. studies using non-overlapping samples within each article, between articles, and with those of the previous review (Li et al., 2012). RESULTS From the 22 GWAS included in this review, the genetic associations surviving standard GWAS-significance were for genetic markers in the regions of ACSL3/KCNE4, ADCY2, AMBRA1, ANK3, BRP44, DTL, FBLN1, HHAT, INTS7, LOC392301, LOC645434/NMBR, LOC729457, LRRFIP1, LSM1, MDM1, MHC, MIR2113/POU3F2, NDST3, NKAPL, ODZ4, PGBD1, RENBP, TRANK1, TSPAN18, TWIST2, UGT1A1/HJURP, WHSC1L1/FGFR1 and ZKSCAN4. All genes implicated across both reviews are discussed in terms of their function and implication in neuropsychiatry. CONCLUSION Taking all GWAS to date into account, AMBRA1, ANK3, ARNTL, CDH13, EFHD1 (albeit with different alleles), MHC, PLXNA2 and UGT1A1 have been implicated in either disorder in at least two reportedly non-overlapping samples. Additionally, evidence for a SZ/BD common genetic basis is most strongly supported by the implication of ANK3, NDST3, and PLXNA2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana P Prata
- Instituto de Biofísica e Engenharia Biomédica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal; Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, SE5 8AF, UK; Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), Centro de Investigação e Intervenção Social, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Bernardo Costa-Neves
- Lisbon Medical School, University of Lisbon, Av. Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisbon, Portugal; Centro Hospitalar Psiquiátrico de Lisboa, Av. do Brasil, 53 1749-002, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Gonçalo Cosme
- Instituto de Biofísica e Engenharia Biomédica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Evangelos Vassos
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, SE5 8AF, UK
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Zhu R, Sun Z, Li C, Ramakrishna S, Chiu K, He L. Electrical stimulation affects neural stem cell fate and function in vitro. Exp Neurol 2019; 319:112963. [PMID: 31125549 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.112963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Electrical stimulation (ES) has been applied in cell culture system to enhance neural stem cell (NSC) proliferation, neuronal differentiation, migration, and integration. According to the mechanism of its function, ES can be classified into induced electrical (EFs) and electromagnetic fields (EMFs). EFs guide axonal growth and induce directional cell migration, whereas EMFs promote neurogenesis and facilitates NSCs to differentiate into functional neurons. Conductive nanomaterials have been used as functional scaffolds to provide mechanical support and biophysical cues in guiding neural cell growth and differentiation and building complex neural tissue patterns. Nanomaterials may have a combined effect of topographical and electrical cues on NSC migration and differentiation. Electrical cues may promote NSC neurogenesis via specific ion channel activation, such as SCN1α and CACNA1C. To accelerate the future application of ES in preclinical research, we summarized the specific setting, such as current frequency, intensity, and stimulation duration used in various ES devices, as well as the nanomaterials involved, in this review with the possible mechanisms elucidated. This review can be used as a checklist for ES work in stem cell research to enhance the translational process of NSCs in clinical application.
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Li Q, Lu J, Zhou X, Chen X, Su D, Gu X, Yu W. High-Voltage-Activated Calcium Channel in the Afferent Pain Pathway: An Important Target of Pain Therapies. Neurosci Bull 2019; 35:1073-84. [PMID: 31065935 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-019-00378-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
High-voltage-activated (HVA) Ca2+ channels are widely expressed in the nervous system. They play an important role in pain conduction by participating in various physiological processes such as synaptic transmission, changes in synaptic plasticity, and neuronal excitability. Available evidence suggests that the HVA channel is an important therapeutic target for pain management. In this review, we summarize the changes in different subtypes of HVA channel during pain and present the currently available evidence from the clinical application of HVA channel blockers. We also review novel drugs in various phases of development. Moreover, we discuss the future prospects of HVA channel blockers in order to promote "bench-to-bedside" translation.
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Berkowitz BA, Podolsky RH, Farrell B, Lee H, Trepanier C, Berri AM, Dernay K, Graffice E, Shafie-Khorassani F, Kern TS, Roberts R. D-cis-Diltiazem Can Produce Oxidative Stress in Healthy Depolarized Rods In Vivo. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2019; 59:2999-3010. [PMID: 30025125 PMCID: PMC5995482 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.18-23829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose New perspectives are needed to understand decades of contradictory reports on the neuroprotective effects of the Cav1.2 L-type calcium channel blocker d-cis-diltiazem in retinitis pigmentosa (RP) models. Here, we address, in vivo, the following two knowledge gaps regarding d-cis-diltiazem's actions in the murine outer retina: (1) do normal mouse rods contain d-cis-diltiazem-insensitive Cav1.2 L-type calcium channels? (2) Can d-cis-diltiazem modify the normal rod redox environment? Methods First, transretinal Cav1.2 L-type calcium channels were noninvasively mapped with manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) following agonist Bay K 8644 in C57BL/6 (B6) and in Cav1.2 L-type calcium channel BAY K 8644-insensitive mutant B6 mice. Second, d-cis-diltiazem-treated oxidative stress-vulnerable (B6) or -resistant [129S6 (S6)] mice were examined in vivo (QUEnch-assiSTed [QUEST] MRI) and in whole retina ex vivo (lucigenin). Retinal thickness was measured using MRI. Results The following results were observed: (1) manganese uptake patterns in BAY K 8644-treated controls and mutant mice identified in vivo Cav1.2 L-type calcium channels in inner and outer retina; and (2) d-cis-diltiazem induced rod oxidative stress in dark-adapted B6 mice but not in light-adapted B6 mice or dark-adapted S6 mice (QUEST MRI). Oxidative stress in vivo was limited to inferior outer retina in dark-adapted B6 mice approximately 1-hour post d-cis-diltiazem. By approximately 4 hours post, only superior outer retina oxidative stress was observed and whole retinal superoxide production was supernormal. All groups had unremarkable retinal thicknesses. Conclusions D-cis-diltiazem's unexpectedly complex spatiotemporal outer retinal oxidative stress pattern in vivo was dependent on genetic background and rod membrane depolarization, but not apparently dependent on Cav1.2 L-type calcium channels, providing a potential rationale for contradictory results in different RP models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce A Berkowitz
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States.,Department of Ophthalmology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States
| | - Robert H Podolsky
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States
| | - Benjamin Farrell
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States
| | - Hojun Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States
| | - Christopher Trepanier
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States
| | - Ali M Berri
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States
| | - Kristin Dernay
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States
| | - Emma Graffice
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States
| | - Fatema Shafie-Khorassani
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States
| | - Timothy S Kern
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
| | - Robin Roberts
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States
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Zhang Z, Wang Y, Zhang Q, Zhao W, Chen X, Zhai J, Chen M, Du B, Deng X, Ji F, Wang C, Xiang Y, Li D, Wu H, Dong Q, Chen C, Li J. The effects of CACNA1C gene polymorphism on prefrontal cortex in both schizophrenia patients and healthy controls. Schizophr Res 2019; 204:193-200. [PMID: 30268820 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
CACNA1C gene polymorphism rs2007044 has been reported to be associated with schizophrenia, but its underlying brain mechanism is not clear. First, we conducted an exploratory functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study using an N-BACK task and a Stroop task in 194 subjects (55 schizophrenia patients and 139 healthy controls). Our whole brain analysis found that the risk allele was associated with reduced activation of the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) during the Stroop task (cluster size = 390 voxels, P < 0.05 TFCE-FWE corrected; peak MNI coordinates: x = -57, y = -6, z = 30). We also conducted a functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) study using the same Stroop task in an independent sample of 126 healthy controls to validate the fMRI finding. Our repeated-measures ANCOVA on the six channels (20, 27, 33, 34, 40 and 46) within the left IFG also found significant result. The polymorphism rs2007044 showed significant effect on the oxy-Hb data (F = 5.072, P = 0.026) and showed significant interaction effect with channels on the deoxy-Hb data (F = 2.841, P = 0.015). Taken together, results of this study suggested that rs2007044 could affect the activation of the left IFG, which was a possible brain mechanism underlying the association between CACNA1C gene polymorphism and schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, PR China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, HePing Hospital of Chang Zhou, Jiangsu 213003, China
| | - Qiumei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, PR China; School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, 45# Jianshe South Road, Jining 272013, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Wan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, PR China
| | - Xiongying Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, PR China
| | - Jinguo Zhai
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, 45# Jianshe South Road, Jining 272013, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Min Chen
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, 45# Jianshe South Road, Jining 272013, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Boqi Du
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, PR China
| | - Xiaoxiang Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, PR China
| | - Feng Ji
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, 45# Jianshe South Road, Jining 272013, Shandong Province, PR China
| | | | - Yutao Xiang
- Beijing Anding Hospital, Beijing 100088, PR China; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau
| | - Dawei Li
- Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Hongjie Wu
- Shengli Hospital of Shengli Petroleum Administration Bureau, Dongying 257022, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Qi Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, PR China
| | - Chuansheng Chen
- Department of Psychology and Social Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, United States
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, PR China.
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Abstract
The motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) mainly arise from degeneration of dopamine neurons within the substantia nigra. As no disease-modifying PD therapies are available, and side effects limit long-term benefits of current symptomatic therapies, novel treatment approaches are needed. The ongoing phase III clinical study STEADY-PD is investigating the potential of the dihydropyridine isradipine, an L-type Ca2+ channel (LTCC) blocker, for neuroprotective PD therapy. Here we review the clinical and preclinical rationale for this trial and discuss potential reasons for the ambiguous outcomes of in vivo animal model studies that address PD-protective dihydropyridine effects. We summarize current views about the roles of Cav1.2 and Cav1.3 LTCC isoforms for substantia nigra neuron function, and their high vulnerability to degenerative stressors, and for PD pathophysiology. We discuss different dihydropyridine sensitivities of LTCC isoforms in view of their potential as drug targets for PD neuroprotection, and we conclude by considering how these aspects could guide further drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Liss
- Institut für Angewandte Physiologie, Universität Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany;
| | - Jörg Striessnig
- Abteilung Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Institut für Pharmazie, and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, Universität Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
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Abstract
Ca2+ influx through voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (VGCCs) plays a key role in GH secretion. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the physiology and molecular machinery of VGCCs in pituitary somatotrophs. We next discuss the possible involvement of Ca2+ channelopathies in pituitary disease and the potential use of Ca2+ channel blockers to treat pituitary disease. Various types of VGCCs exist in pituitary cells. However, because L-type Ca2+ channels (LTCCs) contribute the major component to Ca2+ influx in somatotrophs, lactotrophs, and corticotrophs, we focused on these channels. An increasing number of studies in recent years have linked genetic missense mutations in LTCCs to diseases of the human cardiovascular, nervous, and endocrine systems. These disease-associated genetic mutations occur at homologous functional positions (activation gates) in LTCCs. Thus, it is plausible that similar homologous missense mutations in pituitary LTCCs can cause abnormal hormone secretion and underlying pituitary disorders. The existence of LTCCs in pituitary cells opens questions about their sensitivity to dihydropyridines, a group of selective LTCC blockers. The dihydropyridine sensitivity of pituitary cells, as with any other excitable cell, depends primarily on two parameters: the pattern of their electrical activity and the dihydropyridine sensitivity of their LTCC isoforms. These two parameters are discussed in detail in relation to somatotrophs. These discussions are also relevant to lactotrophs and corticotrophs. High dihydropyridine sensitivity may facilitate their use as drugs to treat pituitary oversecretion disorders such as acromegaly, hyperprolactinemia, and Cushing disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itzhak Nussinovitch
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada (IMRIC), The Hebrew University Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
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Xu JH, Tang FR. Voltage-Dependent Calcium Channels, Calcium Binding Proteins, and Their Interaction in the Pathological Process of Epilepsy. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2735. [PMID: 30213136 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
As an important second messenger, the calcium ion (Ca2+) plays a vital role in normal brain function and in the pathophysiological process of different neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and epilepsy. Ca2+ takes part in the regulation of neuronal excitability, and the imbalance of intracellular Ca2+ is a trigger factor for the occurrence of epilepsy. Several anti-epileptic drugs target voltage-dependent calcium channels (VDCCs). Intracellular Ca2+ levels are mainly controlled by VDCCs located in the plasma membrane, the calcium-binding proteins (CBPs) inside the cytoplasm, calcium channels located on the intracellular calcium store (particular the endoplasmic reticulum/sarcoplasmic reticulum), and the Ca2+-pumps located in the plasma membrane and intracellular calcium store. So far, while many studies have established the relationship between calcium control factors and epilepsy, the mechanism of various Ca2+ regulatory factors in epileptogenesis is still unknown. In this paper, we reviewed the function, distribution, and alteration of VDCCs and CBPs in the central nervous system in the pathological process of epilepsy. The interaction of VDCCs with CBPs in the pathological process of epilepsy was also summarized. We hope this review can provide some clues for better understanding the mechanism of epileptogenesis, and for the development of new anti-epileptic drugs targeting on VDCCs and CBPs.
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