1
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Auxillos J, Crouigneau R, Li YF, Dai Y, Stigliani A, Tavernaro I, Resch-Genger U, Sandelin A, Marie R, Pedersen SF. Spatially resolved analysis of microenvironmental gradient impact on cancer cell phenotypes. Sci Adv 2024; 10:eadn3448. [PMID: 38701211 PMCID: PMC11068013 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adn3448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Despite the physiological and pathophysiological significance of microenvironmental gradients, e.g., for diseases such as cancer, tools for generating such gradients and analyzing their impact are lacking. Here, we present an integrated microfluidic-based workflow that mimics extracellular pH gradients characteristic of solid tumors while enabling high-resolution live imaging of, e.g., cell motility and chemotaxis, and preserving the capacity to capture the spatial transcriptome. Our microfluidic device generates a pH gradient that can be rapidly controlled to mimic spatiotemporal microenvironmental changes over cancer cells embedded in a 3D matrix. The device can be reopened allowing immunofluorescence analysis of selected phenotypes, as well as the transfer of cells and matrix to a Visium slide for spatially resolved analysis of transcriptional changes across the pH gradient. This workflow is easily adaptable to other gradients and multiple cell types and can therefore prove invaluable for integrated analysis of roles of microenvironmental gradients in biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Auxillos
- Section for Computational and RNA biology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Roxane Crouigneau
- Section for Cell Biology and Physiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yan-Fang Li
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Yifan Dai
- Section for Computational and RNA biology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Arnaud Stigliani
- Section for Computational and RNA biology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Isabella Tavernaro
- Division Biophotonics, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung, Richard-Willstaetter Str. 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ute Resch-Genger
- Division Biophotonics, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung, Richard-Willstaetter Str. 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Albin Sandelin
- Section for Computational and RNA biology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rodolphe Marie
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Stine F. Pedersen
- Section for Cell Biology and Physiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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2
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Cai Z, Kong W. Advances in GPCRs: structure, mechanisms, disease, and pharmacology. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C1291-C1292. [PMID: 38525538 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00172.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Cai
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homoeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Kong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homoeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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3
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Gründer S, Vanek J, Pissas KP. Acid-sensing ion channels and downstream signalling in cancer cells: is there a mechanistic link? Pflugers Arch 2024; 476:659-672. [PMID: 38175291 PMCID: PMC11006730 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02902-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
It is increasingly appreciated that the acidic microenvironment of a tumour contributes to its evolution and clinical outcomes. However, our understanding of the mechanisms by which tumour cells detect acidosis and the signalling cascades that it induces is still limited. Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) are sensitive receptors for protons; therefore, they are also candidates for proton sensors in tumour cells. Although in non-transformed tissue, their expression is mainly restricted to neurons, an increasing number of studies have reported ectopic expression of ASICs not only in brain cancer but also in different carcinomas, such as breast and pancreatic cancer. However, because ASICs are best known as desensitizing ionotropic receptors that mediate rapid but transient signalling, how they trigger intracellular signalling cascades is not well understood. In this review, we introduce the acidic microenvironment of tumours and the functional properties of ASICs, point out some conceptual problems, summarize reported roles of ASICs in different cancers, and highlight open questions on the mechanisms of their action in cancer cells. Finally, we propose guidelines to keep ASIC research in cancer on solid ground.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Gründer
- Institute of Physiology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Jakob Vanek
- Institute of Physiology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
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4
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Hausmann M, Seuwen K, de Vallière C, Busch M, Ruiz PA, Rogler G. Role of pH-sensing receptors in colitis. Pflugers Arch 2024; 476:611-622. [PMID: 38514581 PMCID: PMC11006753 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-024-02943-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Low pH in the gut is associated with severe inflammation, fibrosis, and colorectal cancer (CRC) and is a hallmark of active inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Subsequently, pH-sensing mechanisms are of interest for the understanding of IBD pathophysiology. Tissue hypoxia and acidosis-two contributing factors to disease pathophysiology-are linked to IBD, and understanding their interplay is highly relevant for the development of new therapeutic options. One member of the proton-sensing G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family, GPR65 (T-cell death-associated gene 8, TDAG8), was identified as a susceptibility gene for IBD in a large genome-wide association study. In response to acidic extracellular pH, GPR65 induces an anti-inflammatory response, whereas the two other proton-sensing receptors, GPR4 and GPR68 (ovarian cancer G protein-coupled receptor 1, OGR1), mediate pro-inflammatory responses. Here, we review the current knowledge on the role of these proton-sensing receptors in IBD and IBD-associated fibrosis and cancer, as well as colitis-associated cancer (CAC). We also describe emerging small molecule modulators of these receptors as therapeutic opportunities for the treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Hausmann
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091, Zurich, CH, Switzerland.
| | - Klaus Seuwen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091, Zurich, CH, Switzerland
| | - Cheryl de Vallière
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091, Zurich, CH, Switzerland
| | - Moana Busch
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091, Zurich, CH, Switzerland
| | - Pedro A Ruiz
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091, Zurich, CH, Switzerland
| | - Gerhard Rogler
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091, Zurich, CH, Switzerland
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5
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Glitsch MD. Recent advances in acid sensing by G protein coupled receptors. Pflugers Arch 2024; 476:445-455. [PMID: 38340167 PMCID: PMC11006784 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-024-02919-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Changes in extracellular proton concentrations occur in a variety of tissues over a range of timescales under physiological conditions and also accompany virtually all pathologies, notably cancers, stroke, inflammation and trauma. Proton-activated, G protein coupled receptors are already partially active at physiological extracellular proton concentrations and their activity increases with rising proton concentrations. Their ability to monitor and report changes in extracellular proton concentrations and hence extracellular pH appears to be involved in a variety of processes, and it is likely to mirror and in some cases promote disease progression. Unsurprisingly, therefore, these pH-sensing receptors (pHR) receive increasing attention from researchers working in an expanding range of research areas, from cellular neurophysiology to systemic inflammatory processes. This review is looking at progress made in the field of pHRs over the past few years and also highlights outstanding issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maike D Glitsch
- Medical School Hamburg, Am Sandtorkai 1, 20457, Hamburg, Germany.
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6
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Jo-Watanabe A, Inaba T, Osada T, Hashimoto R, Nishizawa T, Okuno T, Ihara S, Touhara K, Hattori N, Oh-Hora M, Nureki O, Yokomizo T. Bicarbonate signalling via G protein-coupled receptor regulates ischaemia-reperfusion injury. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1530. [PMID: 38413581 PMCID: PMC10899177 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45579-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Homoeostatic regulation of the acid-base balance is essential for cellular functional integrity. However, little is known about the molecular mechanism through which the acid-base balance regulates cellular responses. Here, we report that bicarbonate ions activate a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), i.e., GPR30, which leads to Gq-coupled calcium responses. Gpr30-Venus knock-in mice reveal predominant expression of GPR30 in brain mural cells. Primary culture and fresh isolation of brain mural cells demonstrate bicarbonate-induced, GPR30-dependent calcium responses. GPR30-deficient male mice are protected against ischemia-reperfusion injury by a rapid blood flow recovery. Collectively, we identify a bicarbonate-sensing GPCR in brain mural cells that regulates blood flow and ischemia-reperfusion injury. Our results provide a perspective on the modulation of GPR30 signalling in the development of innovative therapies for ischaemic stroke. Moreover, our findings provide perspectives on acid/base sensing GPCRs, concomitantly modulating cellular responses depending on fluctuating ion concentrations under the acid-base homoeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Airi Jo-Watanabe
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
- AMED-PRIME, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, 100-0004, Japan.
| | - Toshiki Inaba
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Takahiro Osada
- Department of Neurophysiology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Ryota Hashimoto
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Biomedical Research Core Facilities, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Nishizawa
- Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Okuno
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Sayoko Ihara
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Kazushige Touhara
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Hattori
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
- Neurodegenerative Disorders Collaborative Laboratory, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Oh-Hora
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Biomedical Research Core Facilities, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Osamu Nureki
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Takehiko Yokomizo
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
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Gobejishvili L. GPR65 as a potential novel therapeutic target for the treatment of hepatic fibrosis. Mil Med Res 2024; 11:4. [PMID: 38191565 PMCID: PMC10773007 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-023-00507-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Leila Gobejishvili
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
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8
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Abstract
Cancers undergo sequential changes to proton (H+) concentration and sensing that are consequences of the disease and facilitate its further progression. The impact of protonation state on protein activity can arise from alterations to amino acids or their titration. Indeed, many cancer-initiating mutations influence pH balance, regulation or sensing in a manner that enables growth and invasion outside normal constraints as part of oncogenic transformation. These cancer-supporting effects become more prominent when tumours develop an acidic microenvironment owing to metabolic reprogramming and disordered perfusion. The ensuing intracellular and extracellular pH disturbances affect multiple aspects of tumour biology, ranging from proliferation to immune surveillance, and can even facilitate further mutagenesis. As a selection pressure, extracellular acidosis accelerates disease progression by favouring acid-resistant cancer cells, which are typically associated with aggressive phenotypes. Although acid-base disturbances in tumours often occur alongside hypoxia and lactate accumulation, there is now ample evidence for a distinct role of H+-operated responses in key events underpinning cancer. The breadth of these actions presents therapeutic opportunities to change the trajectory of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel Swietach
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Ebbe Boedtkjer
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Stine Falsig Pedersen
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Science, København, Denmark.
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9
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Li G, Lin J, Gao X, Su H, Lin R, Gao H, Feng Z, Wu H, Feng B, Zuo K, Li Y, Wu W, Fang L, Liu Z. Intestinal epithelial pH-sensing receptor GPR65 maintains mucosal homeostasis via regulating antimicrobial defense and restrains gut inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2257269. [PMID: 37749885 PMCID: PMC10524779 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2257269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) regulation of barrier function and mucosal homeostasis enables the establishment of a harmonious gut microenvironment. However, host-derived regulatory networks that modulate intestinal antimicrobial defenses have not been fully defined. Herein we generated mice with IEC-specific deletion of Gpr65 (Gpr65ΔIEC) and investigated the role of epithelial GPR65 using DSS- and C. rodentium-induced murine colitis models. RNA sequencing analysis was conducted on colonic IECs from Gpr65fl/fl and Gpr65ΔIEC mice, and colonoids and colonic epithelial cell lines were used to evaluate the pH-sensing effect of GPR65. The expression of GPR65 was determined in IECs from patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and DSS colitis mice by qRT-PCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry, respectively. We observed that the absence of GPR65 in IECs abrogated homeostatic antimicrobial programs, including the production of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and defense response-associated proteins. Gpr65ΔIEC mice displayed dysbiosis of the gut microbiota and were prone to DSS- and C. rodentium-induced colitis, as characterized by significantly disrupted epithelial antimicrobial responses, pathogen invasion, and increased inflammatory infiltrates in the inflamed colon. RNA sequencing analysis revealed that deletion of GPR65 in IECs provoked dramatic transcriptome changes with respect to the downregulation of immune and defense responses to bacteria. Forced AMP induction assays conducted in vivo or in ex vivo colonoids revealed that IEC-intrinsic GPR65 signaling drove antimicrobial defense. Mechanistically, GPR65 signaling promoted STAT3 phosphorylation to optimize mucosal defense responses. Epithelial cell line and colonoid assays further confirmed that epithelial GPR65 sensing pH synergized with IL-22 to facilitate antimicrobial responses. Finally, the expression of GPR65 was markedly decreased in the inflamed epithelia of IBD patients and DSS colitis mice. Our findings define an important role of epithelial GPR65 in regulating intestinal homeostasis and mucosal inflammation and point toward a potential therapeutic approach by targeting GPR65 in the treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengfeng Li
- Center for IBD Research, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Lin
- Center for IBD Research, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Center for IBD Research, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiling Su
- Department of Gastroenterology, Linfen Central Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Linfen, China
| | - Ritian Lin
- Center for IBD Research, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Han Gao
- Center for IBD Research, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongsheng Feng
- Center for IBD Research, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huili Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Baisui Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Keqiang Zuo
- Center for IBD Research, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingchuan Li
- Center for IBD Research, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Center for IBD Research, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Leilei Fang
- Center for IBD Research, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhanju Liu
- Center for IBD Research, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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10
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Morales Rodríguez LM, Crilly SE, Rowe JB, Isom DG, Puthenveedu MA. Location-biased activation of the proton-sensor GPR65 is uncoupled from receptor trafficking. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2302823120. [PMID: 37722051 PMCID: PMC10523530 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2302823120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The canonical view of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) function is that receptor trafficking is tightly coupled to signaling. GPCRs remain on the plasma membrane (PM) at the cell surface until they are activated, after which they are desensitized and internalized into endosomal compartments. This canonical view presents an interesting context for proton-sensing GPCRs because they are more likely to be activated in acidic endosomal compartments than at the PM. Here, we show that the trafficking of the prototypical proton-sensor GPR65 is fully uncoupled from signaling, unlike that of other known mammalian GPCRs. GPR65 internalizes and localizes to early and late endosomes, from where they signal at steady state, irrespective of extracellular pH. Acidic extracellular environments stimulate receptor signaling at the PM in a dose-dependent manner, although endosomal GPR65 is still required for a full signaling response. Receptor mutants that were incapable of activating cAMP trafficked normally, internalize and localize to endosomal compartments. Our results show that GPR65 is constitutively active in endosomes, and suggest a model where changes in extracellular pH reprograms the spatial pattern of receptor signaling and biases the location of signaling to the cell surface.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephanie E. Crilly
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Jacob B. Rowe
- The Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL33136
| | - Daniel G. Isom
- The Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL33136
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL33136
- Institute for Data Science and Computing, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL33136
| | - Manojkumar A. Puthenveedu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI48109
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11
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Rodríguez LMM, Crilly SE, Rowe JB, Isom DG, Puthenveedu MA. Compartment-Specific Activation of the Proton-Sensor GPR65 is Uncoupled from Receptor Trafficking. bioRxiv 2023:2023.03.18.533272. [PMID: 36993269 PMCID: PMC10055196 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.18.533272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
The canonical view of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) function is that receptor trafficking is tightly coupled to signaling. GPCRs remain on the plasma membrane (PM) at the cell surface until they are activated, after which they are desensitized and internalized into endosomal compartments. This canonical view presents an interesting context for proton-sensing GPCRs because they are more likely to be activated in acidic endosomal compartments than at the PM. Here we show that the trafficking of the prototypical proton-sensor GPR65 is fully uncoupled from signaling, unlike that of other known mammalian GPCRs. GPR65 internalized and localized to early and late endosomes, from where they signal at steady state, irrespective of extracellular pH. Acidic extracellular environments stimulated receptor signaling at the PM in a dose-dependent manner, although endosomal GPR65 was still required for a full signaling response. Receptor mutants that were incapable of activating cAMP trafficked normally, internalized, and localized to endosomal compartments. Our results show that GPR65 is constitutively active in endosomes, and suggest a model where changes in extracellular pH reprograms the spatial pattern of receptor signaling and biases the location of signaling to the cell surface.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephanie E. Crilly
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - Jacob B. Rowe
- The Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States
| | - Daniel G. Isom
- The Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States
- Institute for Data Science and Computing, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States
| | - Manojkumar A. Puthenveedu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, United States
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, United States
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12
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Imenez Silva PH, Wesson DE, Wagner CA. The mechanisms of alkali therapy in targeting renal diseases. Biochem Soc Trans 2023; 51:223-32. [PMID: 36744634 DOI: 10.1042/BST20220690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by progressive reduction in kidney function and treatments aiming at stabilizing or slowing its progression may avoid or delay the necessity of kidney replacement therapy and the increased mortality associated with reduced kidney function. Metabolic acidosis, and less severe stages of the acid stress continuum, are common consequences of CKD and some interventional studies support that its correction slows the progression to end-stage kidney disease. This correction can be achieved with mineral alkali in the form of bicarbonate or citrate salts, ingestion of diets with fewer acid-producing food components or more base-producing food components, or a pharmacological approach. In this mini-review article, we summarize the potential mechanisms involved in the beneficial effects of alkali therapy. We also discuss the perspectives in the field and challenges that must be overcome to advance our understanding of such mechanisms.
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13
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Delpire E, Hawke TJ, Karthikeyan M, Kong W, Nyström A, Uchida S, Schaefer L. American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology in 2022: at a glance. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 324:C553-C557. [PMID: 36645665 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00009.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Delpire
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Thomas J Hawke
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mythreye Karthikeyan
- Department of Pathology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Wei Kong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Alexander Nyström
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Shizuka Uchida
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Center for RNA Medicine, Aalborg University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Liliana Schaefer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
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14
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Ma W, Rousseau Z, Slavkovic S, Shen C, Yousef GM, Ni H. Doxorubicin-Induced Platelet Activation and Clearance Relieved by Salvianolic Acid Compound: Novel Mechanism and Potential Therapy for Chemotherapy-Associated Thrombosis and Thrombocytopenia. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15121444. [PMID: 36558895 PMCID: PMC9788583 DOI: 10.3390/ph15121444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (Dox) is a widely utilized chemotherapeutic; however, it carries side effects, including drug-induced immune thrombocytopenia (DITP) and increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Currently, the mechanisms for Dox-associated DITP and VTE are poorly understood, and an effective inhibitor to relieve these complications remains to be developed. In this study, we found that Dox significantly induced platelet activation and enhanced platelet phagocytosis by macrophages and accelerated platelet clearance. Importantly, we determined that salvianolic acid C (SAC), a water-soluble compound derived from Danshen root traditionally used to treat cardiovascular diseases, inhibited Dox-induced platelet activation more effectively than current standard-of-care anti-platelet drugs aspirin and ticagrelor. Mechanism studies with tyrosine kinase inhibitors indicate contributions of phospholipase C, spleen tyrosine kinase, and protein kinase C signaling pathways in Dox-induced platelet activation. We further demonstrated that Dox enhanced platelet-cancer cell interaction, which was ameliorated by SAC. Taken together, these findings suggest SAC may be a promising therapy to reduce the risk of Dox-induced DITP, VTE, and the repercussions of amplified platelet-cancer interaction in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, LKSKI-Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Zackary Rousseau
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, LKSKI-Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Sladjana Slavkovic
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, LKSKI-Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Chuanbin Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, LKSKI-Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - George M. Yousef
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, LKSKI-Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Heyu Ni
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, LKSKI-Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
- Canadian Blood Services Centre for Innovation, Toronto, ON M5G 2M1, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
- Correspondence:
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