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Banerjee S, Smith IM, Hengen AC, Stroka KM. Methods for studying mammalian aquaporin biology. Biol Methods Protoc 2023; 8:bpad031. [PMID: 38046463 PMCID: PMC10689382 DOI: 10.1093/biomethods/bpad031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs), transmembrane water-conducting channels, have earned a great deal of scrutiny for their critical physiological roles in healthy and disease cell states, especially in the biomedical field. Numerous methods have been implemented to elucidate the involvement of AQP-mediated water transport and downstream signaling activation in eliciting whole cell, tissue, and organ functional responses. To modulate these responses, other methods have been employed to investigate AQP druggability. This review discusses standard in vitro, in vivo, and in silico methods for studying AQPs, especially for biomedical and mammalian cell biology applications. We also propose some new techniques and approaches for future AQP research to address current gaps in methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohini Banerjee
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, MD 20742, United States
| | - Ian M Smith
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, MD 20742, United States
| | - Autumn C Hengen
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, MD 20742, United States
| | - Kimberly M Stroka
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, MD 20742, United States
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore MD 21201, United States
- Biophysics Program, University of Maryland, MD 20742, United States
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore MD 21201, United States
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Tuncay E, Gando I, Huo JY, Yepuri G, Samper N, Turan B, Yang HQ, Ramasamy R, Coetzee WA. The cardioprotective role of sirtuins is mediated in part by regulating K ATP channel surface expression. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 324:C1017-C1027. [PMID: 36878847 PMCID: PMC10110703 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00459.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Sirtuins are NAD+-dependent deacetylases with beneficial roles in conditions relevant to human health, including metabolic disease, type II diabetes, obesity, cancer, aging, neurodegenerative diseases, and cardiac ischemia. Since ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channels have cardioprotective roles, we investigated whether they are regulated by sirtuins. Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) was used to increase cytosolic NAD+ levels and to activate sirtuins in cell lines, isolated rat and mouse cardiomyocytes or insulin-secreting INS-1 cells. KATP channels were studied with patch clamping, biochemistry techniques, and antibody uptake experiments. NMN led to an increase in intracellular NAD+ levels and an increase in the KATP channel current, without significant changes in the unitary current amplitude or open probability. An increased surface expression was confirmed using surface biotinylation approaches. The rate of KATP channel internalization was diminished by NMN, which may be a partial explanation for the increased surface expression. We show that NMN acts via sirtuins since the increased KATP channel surface expression was prevented by blockers of SIRT1 and SIRT2 (Ex527 and AGK2) and mimicked by SIRT1 activation (SRT1720). The pathophysiological relevance of this finding was studied using a cardioprotection assay with isolated ventricular myocytes, in which NMN protected against simulated ischemia or hypoxia in a KATP channel-dependent manner. Overall, our data draw a link between intracellular NAD+, sirtuin activation, KATP channel surface expression, and cardiac protection against ischemic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erkan Tuncay
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ivan Gando
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman Medical Center, New York, New York, United States
| | - Jian-Yi Huo
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Gautham Yepuri
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman Medical Center, New York, New York, United States
| | - Natalie Samper
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman Medical Center, New York, New York, United States
| | - Belma Turan
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Lokman Hekim University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hua-Qian Yang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ravichandran Ramasamy
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman Medical Center, New York, New York, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Grossman Medical Center, New York, New York, United States
| | - William A Coetzee
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman Medical Center, New York, New York, United States
- Department of Physiology & Neuroscience, New York University Grossman Medical Center, New York, New York, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Grossman Medical Center, New York, New York, United States
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Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are part of the epigenetic machinery that regulates transcriptional processes. The current paradigm is that HDACs silence gene expression via regulation of histone protein lysine deacetylation, or by forming corepressor complexes with transcription factors. However, HDACs are more than just nuclear proteins, and they can interact and deacetylate a growing number of nonhistone proteins to regulate cellular function. Cancer-field studies have shown that deranged HDAC activity results in uncontrolled proliferation, inflammation, and fibrosis; all pathologies that also may occur in kidney disease. Over the past decade, studies have emerged suggesting that HDAC inhibitors may prevent and potentially treat various models of acute kidney injury. This review focuses on the physiology of kidney HDACs and highlights the recent advances using HDAC inhibitors to potentially treat kidney disease patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A Hyndman
- Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.
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Abstract
The skin is essential for terrestrial life. It is responsible for regulating water permeability and functions as a mechanical barrier that protects against environmental insults such as microbial infection, ultraviolet light, injury, and heat and cold, which could damage the cells of the body and compromise survival of the organism. This barrier is provided by the outer layer, the epidermis, which is composed predominantly of keratinocytes; keratinocytes undergo a program of differentiation to form the stratum corneum comprising the cornified squame "bricks" and lipid "mortar." Dysregulation of this differentiation program can result in skin diseases, including psoriasis and nonmelanoma skin cancers, among others. Accumulating evidence in the literature indicates that the water-, glycerol-, and hydrogen peroxide-transporting channel aquaporin-3 (AQP3) plays a key role in various processes involved in keratinocyte function, and abnormalities in this channel have been observed in several human skin diseases. Here, we discuss the data linking AQP3 to keratinocyte proliferation, migration, differentiation, and survival as well as its role in skin properties and functions like hydration, water retention, wound healing, and barrier repair. We also discuss the mechanisms regulating AQP3 levels, localization, and function and the anomalies in AQP3 that are associated with various skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy B Bollag
- Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia.,Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia.,Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia.,Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Lorry Aitkens
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Joseph White
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Kelly A Hyndman
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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Salhadar K, Matthews A, Raghuram V, Limbutara K, Yang CR, Datta A, Chou CL, Knepper MA. Phosphoproteomic Identification of Vasopressin/cAMP/Protein Kinase A-Dependent Signaling in Kidney. Mol Pharmacol 2020; 99:358-369. [PMID: 32245905 DOI: 10.1124/mol.120.119602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Water excretion by the kidney is regulated by the neurohypophyseal peptide hormone vasopressin through actions in renal collecting duct cells to regulate the water channel protein aquaporin-2. Vasopressin signaling is initiated by binding to a G-protein-coupled receptor called V2R, which signals through heterotrimeric G-protein subunit Gs α, adenylyl cyclase 6, and activation of the cAMP-regulated protein kinase (PKA). Signaling events coupling PKA activation and aquaporin-2 regulation were largely unknown until the advent of modern protein mass spectrometry techniques that allow proteome-wide quantification of protein phosphorylation changes (phosphoproteomics). This short review documents phosphoproteomic findings in collecting duct cells describing the response to V2R-selective vasopressin agonists and antagonists, the response to CRISPR-mediated deletion of PKA, results from in vitro phosphorylation studies using recombinant PKA, the response to the broad-spectrum kinase inhibitor H89 (N-[2-p-bromocinnamylamino-ethyl]-5-isoquinolinesulphonamide), and the responses underlying lithium-induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. These phosphoproteomic data sets have been made available online for modeling vasopressin signaling and signaling downstream from other G-protein-coupled receptors. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: New developments in protein mass spectrometry are facilitating progress in identification of signaling networks. Using mass spectrometry, it is now possible to identify and quantify thousands of phosphorylation sites in a given cell type (phosphoproteomics). The authors describe the use of phosphoproteomics technology to identify signaling mechanisms downstream from a G-protein-coupled receptor, the vasopressin V2 subtype receptor, and its role of the regulation and dysregulation of water excretion in the kidney. Data from multiple phosphoproteomic data sets are provided as web-based resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Salhadar
- Epithelial Systems Biology Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Allanah Matthews
- Epithelial Systems Biology Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Viswanathan Raghuram
- Epithelial Systems Biology Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Kavee Limbutara
- Epithelial Systems Biology Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Chin-Rang Yang
- Epithelial Systems Biology Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Arnab Datta
- Epithelial Systems Biology Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Chung-Lin Chou
- Epithelial Systems Biology Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Mark A Knepper
- Epithelial Systems Biology Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
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Hyndman KA, Kasztan M, Mendoza LD, Monteiro-Pai S. Dynamic changes in histone deacetylases following kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury are critical for promoting proximal tubule proliferation. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 316:F875-F888. [PMID: 30810062 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00499.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Deranged histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity causes uncontrolled proliferation, inflammation, fibrosis, and organ damage. It is unclear whether deranged HDAC activity results in acute kidney injury in the renal hypoperfusion model of bilateral ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and whether in vivo inhibition is an appropriate therapeutic approach to limit injury. Male mice were implanted with intraperitoneal osmotic minipumps containing vehicle, the class I HDAC inhibitor, MS275, or the pan-HDAC inhibitor, trichostatin A (TSA), 3 days before sham/bilateral IRI surgery. Kidney cortical samples were analyzed using histological, immunohistochemical, and Western blotting techniques. HDAC-dependent proliferation rate was measured in immortalized rat epithelial cells and primary mouse or human proximal tubule (PT) cells. There were dynamic changes in cortical HDAC localization and abundance following IRI including a fourfold increase in HDAC4 in the PT. HDAC inhibition resulted in a significantly higher plasma creatinine, increased kidney damage, but reduced interstitial fibrosis compared with vehicle-treated IRI mice. HDAC-inhibited mice had reduced interstitial α-smooth muscle actin, fibronectin expression, and Sirius red-positive area, suggesting that IRI activates HDAC-mediated fibrotic pathways. In vivo proliferation of the kidney epithelium was significantly reduced in TSA-treated, but not MS275-treated, IRI mice, suggesting class II HDACs mediate proliferation. Furthermore, HDAC4 activation increased proliferation of human and mouse PTs. Kidney HDACs are activated during IRI with isoform-specific expression patterns. Our data point to mechanisms whereby IRI activates HDACs resulting in fibrotic pathways but also activation of PT proliferation and repair pathways. This study demonstrates the need to develop isoform-selective HDAC inhibitors for the treatment of renal hypoperfusion-induced injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A Hyndman
- Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Malgorzata Kasztan
- Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Luciano D Mendoza
- Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Sureena Monteiro-Pai
- Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama
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