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Alsulays BB, Aodah AH, Ahmed MM, Anwer MK. Preparation and Evaluation of Chitosan Coated PLGA Nanoparticles Encapsulating Ivosidenib with Enhanced Cytotoxicity Against Human Liver Cancer Cells. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:3461-3473. [PMID: 38617799 PMCID: PMC11015841 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s452989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Ivosidenib (IVO), an isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 (IDH1) used for treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and cholangiocarcinoma. However, poor solubility, low bioavailability, high dose and side effects limit clinical application of IVO. Methods Ivosidenib-loaded PLGA nanoparticles (IVO-PLGA-NPs) and Ivosidenib-loaded chitosan coated PLGA nanoparticles (IVO-CS-PLGA-NPs) were prepared using emulsification and solvent evaporation method for the treatment of liver cancer. Results The developed IVO-PLGA-NPs were evaluated for their particle size (171.7±4.9 nm), PDI (0.333), ZP (-23.0±5.8 mV), EE (96.3±4.3%), and DL (9.66±1.1%); similarly, the IVO-CS-PLGA-NPs were evaluated for their particle size (177.3±5.2 nm), PDI (0.311), ZP +25.9±5.7 mV, EE (90.8±5.7%), and DL (9.42±0.7%). The chitosan coating of IVO-PLGA-NPs was evidenced by an increase in mean particle size and positive ZP value. Because of the chitosan coating, the IVO-CS-PLGA-NPs showed a more stable and prolonged release of IVO than IVO-PLGA-NPs. In comparison to pure-IVO, the IVO-PLGA-NPs and IVO-CS-PLGA-NPs were found to be more effective against HepG2 cells, with IC50 values for the MTT assay being approximately half of those of pure-IVO. In HepG2 cells, the expressions of caspase-3, caspase-9, and p53 were significantly (p < 0.05) elevated. Conclusion Overall, these findings suggest that chitosan coating of IVO-PLGA-NPs improves the delivery and efficacy of ivosidenib in liver cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bader B Alsulays
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alhussain H Aodah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Muqtader Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Khalid Anwer
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
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Elshami M, Ammori JB, Hardacre JM, Selfridge JE, Bajor D, Mohamed A, Chakrabarti S, Mahipal A, Winter JM, Ocuin LM. Surgical Resection Alone is Associated With Higher Long-Term Survival Than Multiagent Chemotherapy Alone for Patients With Localized Biliary Tract Cancers. J Surg Res 2024; 295:705-716. [PMID: 38141457 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2023.11.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We compared long-term survival of patients with localized biliary tract cancers (BTCs) treated with either surgical resection or multiagent chemotherapy. METHODS Patients with localized BTC [gallbladder adenocarcinoma, extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma] were identified within the National Cancer Database (2010-2017). Piecewise-constant hazard modeling was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) at prespecified intervals: 0-30 d, 31-60 d, 61-90 d, and >90 d post-treatment. RESULTS A total of 5988 patients with localized BTC were identified: 2697 (45.0%) received multiagent chemotherapy and 3291 (55.0%) underwent surgical resection. Patients with gallbladder adenocarcinoma or extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma who were treated with surgical resection had an associated decline in overall survival (OS) as compared to those treated with multiagent chemotherapy within 0-30 d of treatment initiation (gallbladder adenocarcinoma [adjusted HR = 3.94, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.77-8.80]; extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma [adjusted HR = 4.88, 95% CI: 2.76-8.61]). However, there was an associated improvement in OS for patients treated with surgical resection after 90 d from treatment initiation (gallbladder adenocarcinoma [adjusted HR = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.28-0.46]; extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma [adjusted HR = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.24-0.32]). Among patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, those who underwent surgical resection had an associated improvement in OS at 31-60 d (adjusted HR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.40-0.99) and a further associated increase in OS at 61-90 d (adjusted HR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.21-0.54) and after 90 d (HR = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.21-0.27) of treatment initiation. CONCLUSIONS For patients with localized BTC, surgical resection alone is associated with improved long-term survival outcomes compared to multiagent chemotherapy alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamedraed Elshami
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - John B Ammori
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jeffrey M Hardacre
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - J Eva Selfridge
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - David Bajor
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Amr Mohamed
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Sakti Chakrabarti
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Amit Mahipal
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jordan M Winter
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Lee M Ocuin
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio.
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Fassan M, Angerilli V, Normanno N, Pruneri G, Marchetti A, Grillo F, Tonini G, Scarpa A, Rimassa L. Practical guidelines for molecular testing of cholangiocarcinoma in clinical practice: Italian experts' position paper. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 194:104224. [PMID: 38211900 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2023.104224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Biliary tract cancers (BTCs) represent a spectrum of malignancies associated with a dismal prognosis. Recent genomic profiling studies have provided a deeper understanding of the complex and heterogenous molecular landscape of BTCs, identifying several actionable genetic alterations, and expanding treatment options. Due to the high number and complexity of genetic alterations which require testing, next-generation sequencing (NGS) is currently the preferred approach over conventional methods (i.e., immunohistochemistry, fluorescence in-situ hybridization and PCR) for molecular profiling of BTCs and should be performed upfront in all BTC patients. However, BTC sampling often yields low tumor cellularity tissue, hampering NGS analysis. Future perspectives to overcome this obstacle include liquid biopsy and optimization of biopsy protocols. In this position paper, the authors discuss the current histopathologic, molecular, and therapeutic landscape of BTCs, provide a critical overview of the available testing methods for molecular diagnostics, and propose a practical diagnostic algorithm for molecular testing of BTC samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Fassan
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Padua, Italy; Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Nicola Normanno
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori - IRCCS - Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Pruneri
- Pathology Unit 2, Department of Innovation Diagnostics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy; University of Milan, School of Medicine, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Marchetti
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Centre for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| | - Federica Grillo
- Pathology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, University of Genoa, Italy; IRCCS-Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Tonini
- Medical Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Roma, Italy; Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- Section of Pathology, Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Lorenza Rimassa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy; Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, Humanitas Cancer Center, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
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Speckart J, Rasmusen V, Talib Z, GnanaDev DA, Rahnemai-Azar AA. Emerging Therapies in Management of Cholangiocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:613. [PMID: 38339363 PMCID: PMC10854763 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16030613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma is a heterogeneous group of biliary tract cancers that has a poor prognosis and globally increasing incidence and mortality. While surgical resection remains the only curative option for the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma, the majority of cancers are unresectable at the time of diagnosis. Additionally, the prognosis of cholangiocarcinoma remains poor even with the current first-line systemic therapy regimens, highlighting the difficulty of treating locally advanced, metastatic, or unresectable cholangiocarcinoma. Through recent developments, targetable oncogenic driver mutations have been identified in the pathogenesis of cholangiocarcinoma, leading to the utilization of molecular targeted therapeutics. In this review, we comprehensively discuss the latest molecular therapeutics for the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma, including emerging immunotherapies, highlighting promising developments and strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Speckart
- School of Medicine, California University of Science and Medicine, Colton, CA 92324, USA; (J.S.); (V.R.)
| | - Veronica Rasmusen
- School of Medicine, California University of Science and Medicine, Colton, CA 92324, USA; (J.S.); (V.R.)
| | - Zohray Talib
- Department of Medicine, Arrowhead Regional Medical Center, California University of Science and Medicine, Colton, CA 92324, USA;
| | - Dev A. GnanaDev
- Department of Surgery, Arrowhead Regional Medical Center, Colton, CA 92324, USA
| | - Amir A. Rahnemai-Azar
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Arrowhead Regional Cancer Center, California University of Science and Medicine, Colton, CA 92324, USA
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5
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Wilbur HC, Soares HP, Azad NS. Neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy for biliary tract cancer: Advances and limitations. Hepatology 2024:01515467-990000000-00725. [PMID: 38266282 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Biliary tract cancers (BTC) are a rare and aggressive consortium of malignancies, consisting of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, and gallbladder carcinoma. While most patients present with metastatic disease, a minority of patients with BTC are eligible for curative surgical resection at the time of presentation. However, these patients have poor 5-year overall survival rates and high rates of recurrence, necessitating the improvement of the neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatment of BTC. In this review, we assess the neoadjuvant and adjuvant clinical trials for the treatment of BTC and discuss the challenges and limitations of clinical trials, as well as future directions for the treatment of BTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Catherine Wilbur
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Heloisa P Soares
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Nilofer S Azad
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Zhang R, Yang Y, Hu C, Huang M, Cen W, Ling D, Long Y, Yang XH, Xu B, Peng J, Wang S, Zhu W, Wei M, Yang J, Xu Y, Zhang X, Ma J, Wang F, Zhang H, Ma P, Zhu X, Song G, Sun LY, Wang DS, Wang FH, Li YH, Santagata S, Li Q, Feng YF, Du Z. Comprehensive analysis reveals potential therapeutic targets and an integrated risk stratification model for solitary fibrous tumors. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7479. [PMID: 37980418 PMCID: PMC10657378 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43249-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs) are rare mesenchymal tumors with unpredictable evolution and with a recurrence or metastasis rate of 10-40%. Current medical treatments for relapsed SFTs remain ineffective. Here, we identify potential therapeutic targets and risk factors, including IDH1 p.R132S, high PD-L1 expression, and predominant macrophage infiltration, suggesting the potential benefits of combinational immune therapy and targeted therapy for SFTs. An integrated risk model incorporating mitotic count, density of Ki-67+ cells and CD163+ cells, MTOR mutation is developed, applying a discovery cohort of 101 primary non-CNS patients with negative tumor margins (NTM) and validated in three independent cohorts of 210 SFTs with the same criteria, and in 36 primary CNS SFTs with NTM. Compared with the existing models, our model shows significantly improved efficacy in identifying high-risk primary non-CNS and CNS SFTs with NTM for tumor progression.Our findings hold promise for advancing therapeutic strategies and refining risk prediction in SFTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Chunfang Hu
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Mayan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Wenjian Cen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Dongyi Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yakang Long
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xin-Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Boheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Junling Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Sujie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Weijie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Mingbiao Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Jiaojiao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yuxia Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Jiangjun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Fang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Hongtu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Peiqing Ma
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Guohui Song
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Li-Yue Sun
- Second Department of Oncology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, 510317, China
| | - De-Shen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Feng-Hua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yu-Hong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Sandro Santagata
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Qin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
- Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Yan-Fen Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
| | - Ziming Du
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
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Kim H, Jung I, Lee CH, An J, Ko M. Development of Novel Epigenetic Anti-Cancer Therapy Targeting TET Proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16375. [PMID: 38003566 PMCID: PMC10671484 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic dysregulation, particularly alterations in DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation, plays a pivotal role in cancer initiation and progression. Ten-eleven translocation (TET) proteins catalyze the successive oxidation of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and further oxidized methylcytosines in DNA, thereby serving as central modulators of DNA methylation-demethylation dynamics. TET loss of function is causally related to neoplastic transformation across various cell types while its genetic or pharmacological activation exhibits anti-cancer effects, making TET proteins promising targets for epigenetic cancer therapy. Here, we developed a robust cell-based screening system to identify novel TET activators and evaluated their potential as anti-cancer agents. Using a carefully curated library of 4533 compounds provided by the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, we identified mitoxantrone as a potent TET agonist. Through rigorous validation employing various assays, including immunohistochemistry and dot blot studies, we demonstrated that mitoxantrone significantly elevated 5hmC levels. Notably, this elevation manifested only in wild-type (WT) but not TET-deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts, primary bone marrow-derived macrophages, and leukemia cell lines. Furthermore, mitoxantrone-induced cell death in leukemia cell lines occurred in a TET-dependent manner, indicating the critical role of TET proteins in mediating its anti-cancer effects. Our findings highlight mitoxantrone's potential to induce tumor cell death via a novel mechanism involving the restoration of TET activity, paving the way for targeted epigenetic therapies in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyejin Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea; (H.K.); (I.J.)
| | - Inkyung Jung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea; (H.K.); (I.J.)
| | - Chan Hyeong Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jungeun An
- Department of Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea;
| | - Myunggon Ko
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea; (H.K.); (I.J.)
- Center for Genomic Integrity, Institute for Basic Science, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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Zhang J, Qiu Z, Zhang Y, Wang G, Hao H. Intracellular spatiotemporal metabolism in connection to target engagement. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 200:115024. [PMID: 37516411 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
The metabolism in eukaryotic cells is a highly ordered system involving various cellular compartments, which fluctuates based on physiological rhythms. Organelles, as the smallest independent sub-cell unit, are important contributors to cell metabolism and drug metabolism, collectively designated intracellular metabolism. However, disruption of intracellular spatiotemporal metabolism can lead to disease development and progression, as well as drug treatment interference. In this review, we systematically discuss spatiotemporal metabolism in cells and cell subpopulations. In particular, we focused on metabolism compartmentalization and physiological rhythms, including the variation and regulation of metabolic enzymes, metabolic pathways, and metabolites. Additionally, the intricate relationship among intracellular spatiotemporal metabolism, metabolism-related diseases, and drug therapy/toxicity has been discussed. Finally, approaches and strategies for intracellular spatiotemporal metabolism analysis and potential target identification are introduced, along with examples of potential new drug design based on this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhixia Qiu
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongjie Zhang
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guangji Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Research Unit of PK-PD Based Bioactive Components and Pharmacodynamic Target Discovery of Natural Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Haiping Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
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Gu Y, Xiao M, Chen Z, Li Q. Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with MET-amplified contained excellent response to crizotinib: a case report. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1196211. [PMID: 37655101 PMCID: PMC10467267 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1196211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide. Several novel therapeutic strategies have been developed to prolong the survival of patients with advanced HCC. However, therapeutic decision-making biomarkers owing to the extensive heterogeneity of HCC. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is generally used in treatment decisions to help patients benefit from genome-directed targeting. Case presentation A 56 year-old male with type-B hepatitis for more than 20 years was admitted to our department and underwent laparoscopic left lateral hepatic lobectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma. Unfortunately, the tumor recurred 1 year later. Despite multiple treatments, the tumor continued to progress and invaded the patient's 5th thoracic vertebras, leading to hypoesthesia and hypokinesia below the nipple line plane 2 years later. NGS revealed MET amplification, and crizotinib, an inhibitor of MET, was recommended. After administration for a month, tumor marker levels decreased, and the tumor shrunk. The patient has remained in remission since that time. Conclusions We report that a patient with high MET amplification benefited from its inhibitor, which was recommended by NGS. This indicates the potential clinical decision support value of NGS and the satisfactory effect of MET inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Qiyong Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, China
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Leowattana W, Leowattana T, Leowattana P. Paradigm shift of chemotherapy and systemic treatment for biliary tract cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2023; 15:959-972. [PMID: 37389105 PMCID: PMC10302992 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v15.i6.959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Biliary tract cancers (BTC) are frequently identified at late stages and have a poor prognosis due to limited systemic treatment regimens. For more than a decade, the combination of gemcitabine and cis-platin has served as the first-line standard treatment. There are few choices for second-line chemo-therapy. Targeted treatment with fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 inhibitors, neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase inhibitors, and isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 inhibitors has had important results. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) such as pembrolizumab are only used in first-line treatment for microsatellite instability high patients. The TOPAZ-1 trial's outcome is encouraging, and there are several trials underway that might soon put targeted treatment and ICI combos into first-line options. Newer targets and agents for existing goals are being studied, which may represent a paradigm shift in BTC management. Due to a scarcity of targetable mutations and the higher toxicity profile of the current medications, the new category of drugs may occupy a significant role in BTC therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wattana Leowattana
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Rachatawee 10400, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tawithep Leowattana
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Wattana 10110, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pathomthep Leowattana
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Rachatawee 10400, Bangkok, Thailand
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11
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Gray S, Letissier O, d'Abrigeon C, Shah D, Wardell S, Faluyi O, Lamarca A, Hubner RA, Edeline J, Valle JW, McNamara MG. Third-Line Palliative Systemic Therapy for Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer: Multicentre Review of Patterns of Care and Outcomes. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15113047. [PMID: 37297009 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15113047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Phase 3 trials have established standard first-line (1L) and 2L systemic therapy options for patients with advanced biliary cancer (ABC). However, a standard 3L treatment remains undefined. Clinical practice and outcomes for 3L systemic therapy in patients with ABC were therefore evaluated from three academic centres. Included patients were identified using institutional registries; demographics, staging, treatment history, and clinical outcomes were collected. Kaplan-Meier methods were used to assess progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Ninety-seven patients, treated between 2006 and 2022, were included; 61.9% had intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. At the time of analysis, there had been 91 deaths. Median PFS from initiating 3L palliative systemic therapy (mPFS3) was 3.1 months (95%CI 2.0-4.1), while mOS3 was 6.4 months (95%CI 5.5-7.3); mOS1 was 26.9 months (95%CI 23.6-30.2). Among patients with a therapy-targeted molecular aberration (10.3%; n = 10; all received in 3L), mOS3 was significantly improved versus all other included patients (12.5 vs. 5.9 months; p = 0.02). No differences in OS1 were demonstrated between anatomical subtypes. Fourth-line systemic therapy was received by 19.6% of patients (n = 19). This international multicentre analysis documents systemic therapy use in this select patient group, and provides a benchmark of outcomes for future trial design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Gray
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Wilmslow Rd., Manchester M20 4BX, UK
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Ashton St., Liverpool L69 3GB, UK
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Pembroke Pl, Liverpool L7 8YA, UK
| | - Octave Letissier
- Centre Eugène Marquis, Av. De la Bataille Flandres Dunkerque-CS 44229, CEDEX, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - Constance d'Abrigeon
- Centre Eugène Marquis, Av. De la Bataille Flandres Dunkerque-CS 44229, CEDEX, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - Dinakshi Shah
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Wilmslow Rd., Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Stephen Wardell
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Wilmslow Rd., Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Olusola Faluyi
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Pembroke Pl, Liverpool L7 8YA, UK
| | - Angela Lamarca
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Wilmslow Rd., Manchester M20 4BX, UK
- Department of Oncology, Oncohealth Institute, Jimémez Díaz University Hospital, Av. de los Reyes Catolicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Rd., Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Richard A Hubner
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Wilmslow Rd., Manchester M20 4BX, UK
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Rd., Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Julien Edeline
- Centre Eugène Marquis, Av. De la Bataille Flandres Dunkerque-CS 44229, CEDEX, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - Juan W Valle
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Wilmslow Rd., Manchester M20 4BX, UK
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Rd., Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Mairéad G McNamara
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Wilmslow Rd., Manchester M20 4BX, UK
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Rd., Manchester M13 9PL, UK
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12
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Taghizadeh H, Schmalfuss T, Maj-Hes A, Singer J, Prager GW. Austrian tricentric real-life analysis of molecular profiles of metastatic biliary tract cancer patients. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1143825. [PMID: 37234989 PMCID: PMC10206115 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1143825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Metastatic biliary tract cancer (BTC) is a rare and aggressive entity associated with poor prognosis. It represents a major challenge for adequate treatment strategies. In recent years, BTC has become a model for precision medicine in gastrointestinal oncology. Therefore, the analysis of the individual molecular profile in BTC patients may lead to targeted therapies for the benefit of patients. Methods In this Austrian, tricentric, real-world, retrospective analysis, we investigated patients diagnosed with metastatic BTC who underwent molecular profiling between 2013 and 2022. Results In total, 92 patients were identified in this tricentric analysis and 205 molecular aberrations, including 198 mutations affecting 89 different genes in 61 patients were found. The predominant mutations were in KRAS (n=17; 22.4%), TP53 (n=17; 22.4%), PIK3CA (n=7; 9.2%), FGFR2 (n=7; 9.2%), DNMT3A (n=7; 9.2%), IDH1 (n=7; 9.2%), IDH2 (n=6; 7.9%), CDKN2A (n=6; 7.9%), BAP1 (n=4; 5.3%), NF1 (n=4; 5.3%), and NF2 (n=4; 5.3%). Three patients had HER2 amplification. MSI-H status and FGFR2 fusion genes were each observed in two different patients. One patient had a BRAF V600E mutation. Eventually, 10 patients received targeted therapy, of whom one-half derived clinical benefit. Conclusions Molecular profiling of BTC patients is implementable in routine clinical practice and should be regularly employed to detect and exploit molecular vulnerabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Taghizadeh
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital St. Pölten, St. Pölten, Austria
- Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems, Austria
- Karl Landsteiner Institute for Oncology and Nephrology, St. Pölten, Austria
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Theresa Schmalfuss
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital St. Pölten, St. Pölten, Austria
- Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems, Austria
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Agnieszka Maj-Hes
- Medical University Vienna, Department of Medicine I, Division of Oncology, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Pulmonology, Klinik Penzing, Vienna, Austria
| | - Josef Singer
- Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems, Austria
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Krems, Krems, Austria
| | - Gerald W. Prager
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Medical University Vienna, Department of Medicine I, Division of Oncology, Vienna, Austria
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13
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Gupta A, Kurzrock R, Adashek JJ. Evolution of the Targeted Therapy Landscape for Cholangiocarcinoma: Is Cholangiocarcinoma the 'NSCLC' of GI Oncology? Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:1578. [PMID: 36900367 PMCID: PMC10000383 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15051578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past two decades, molecular targeted therapy has revolutionized the treatment landscape of several malignancies. Lethal malignancies such as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have become a model for precision-matched immune- and gene-targeted therapies. Multiple small subgroups of NSCLC defined by their genomic aberrations are now recognized; remarkably, taken together, almost 70% of NSCLCs now have a druggable anomaly. Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a rare tumor with a poor prognosis. Novel molecular alterations have been recently identified in patients with CCA, and the potential for targeted therapy is being realized. In 2019, a fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) inhibitor, pemigatinib, was the first approved targeted therapy for patients with locally advanced or metastatic intrahepatic CCA who had FGFR2 gene fusions or rearrangement. More regulatory approvals for matched targeted therapies as second-line or subsequent treatments in advanced CCA followed, including additional drugs that target FGFR2 gene fusion/rearrangement. Recent tumor-agnostic approvals include (but are not limited to) drugs that target mutations/rearrangements in the following genes and are hence applicable to CCA: isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1); neurotrophic tropomyosin-receptor kinase (NTRK); the V600E mutation of the BRAF gene (BRAFV600E); and high tumor mutational burden, high microsatellite instability, and gene mismatch repair-deficient (TMB-H/MSI-H/dMMR) tumors. Ongoing trials investigate HER2, RET, and non-BRAFV600E mutations in CCA and improvements in the efficacy and safety of new targeted treatments. This review aims to present the current status of molecularly matched targeted therapy for advanced CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amol Gupta
- Department of Medicine, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Razelle Kurzrock
- WIN Consortium, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin Cancer Center, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Nebraska, Omaha, NE 68182, USA
| | - Jacob J. Adashek
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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14
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Dodoo GN, De B, Lee SS, Abi Jaoude J, Vauthey JN, Tzeng CWD, Tran Cao HS, Katlowitz KA, Mandel JJ, Beckham TH, Minsky BD, Smith GL, Holliday EB, Koong AC, Das P, Taniguchi CM, Javle M, Koay EJ, Ludmir EB. Brain Metastases from Biliary Tract Cancer: Case Series and Clinicogenomic Analysis. Oncologist 2023; 28:327-332. [PMID: 36715178 PMCID: PMC10078902 DOI: 10.1093/oncolo/oyac273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited data from small series have suggested that brain metastases from biliary tract cancers (BrM-BTC) affect ≤2% of patients with BTC. We sought to review our experience with patients with BrM-BTC and to identify associations of tumor-related molecular alterations with outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective review of patients with BTC seen at a tertiary referral center from 2005 to 2021 was performed; patients with BrM-BTC were identified, and clinical and molecular data were collected. RESULTS Twenty-one of 823 patients with BTC (2.6%) developed BrM. For patients with BrM-BTC, median follow-up time was 27.9 months after primary BTC diagnosis and 3.1 months after BrM diagnosis. Median time from primary diagnosis to diagnosis of BrM was 14.4 [range, 1.1-66.0] months. Median overall survival (OS) from primary diagnosis was 31.5 [2.9-99.8] months and median OS from BrM diagnosis was 4.2 [0.2-33.8] months. Patients who underwent BrM-directed therapy trended toward longer OS following BrM diagnosis than patients receiving supportive care only (median 6.5 vs 0.8 months, P = .060). The BrM-BTC cohort was enriched for BRAF (30%), PIK3CA (25%), and GNAS (20%) mutations. patients with BrM-BTC with BRAF mutations trended toward longer OS following BrM diagnosis (median 13.1 vs 4.2 months, P = .131). CONCLUSION This is the largest series of patients with BrM-BTC to date and provides molecular characterization of this rare subgroup of patients with BTC. Patients with BrM-BTC may be more likely to have BRAF mutations. With advances in targeted therapy for patients with BTC with actionable mutations, continued examination of shifting patterns of failure, with emphasis on BrM, is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace N Dodoo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Brian De
- Department of Gastrointestinal Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sunyoung S Lee
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joseph Abi Jaoude
- Department of Gastrointestinal Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jean-Nicolas Vauthey
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ching-Wei D Tzeng
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hop S Tran Cao
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kalman A Katlowitz
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jacob J Mandel
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Thomas H Beckham
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bruce D Minsky
- Department of Gastrointestinal Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Grace L Smith
- Department of Gastrointestinal Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Emma B Holliday
- Department of Gastrointestinal Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Albert C Koong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Prajnan Das
- Department of Gastrointestinal Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Cullen M Taniguchi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Milind Javle
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Eugene J Koay
- Department of Gastrointestinal Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ethan B Ludmir
- Department of Gastrointestinal Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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15
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Yu X, Tong H, Chen J, Tang C, Wang S, Si Y, Wang S, Tang Z. CircRNA MBOAT2 promotes intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma progression and lipid metabolism reprogramming by stabilizing PTBP1 to facilitate FASN mRNA cytoplasmic export. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:20. [PMID: 36635270 PMCID: PMC9837196 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05540-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The carcinogenic role of FASN by regulating lipid metabolism reprogramming has been well-established in multiple tumors. However, whether mechanisms during intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) progression, such as circRNAs, regulate FASN expression remains unknown. Here we demonstrate a lipid metabolism-related circRNA, circMBOAT2 (hsa_circ_0007334 in circBase), frequently upregulated in ICC tissues, and positively correlated with ICC malignant features. CircMBOAT2 knockdown inhibits the growth and metastasis of ICC cells. Mechanistically, circMBOAT2 combines with PTBP1 and protects PTBP1 from ubiquitin/proteasome-dependent degradation, impairing the function of PTBP1 to transfer FASN mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Moreover, circMBOAT2 and FASN have the same effect on fatty acid profile, unsaturated fatty acids instead of saturated fatty acids are primarily regulated and associated with malignant behaviors of ICC cells. The levels of lipid peroxidation and ROS were significantly higher when FASN was knocked down and recovered when circMBOAT2 was overexpressed. Our results identified that circMBOAT2 was upregulated in ICC and promoted progression by stabilizing PTBP1 to facilitate FASN mRNA cytoplasmic export, which altered lipid metabolic profile and regulated redox homeostasis in ICC, suggesting that circMBOAT2 may serve as an available therapeutic target for ICC with active lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Huanjun Tong
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jialu Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Chenwei Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Shuqing Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yu Si
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Shouhua Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Zhaohui Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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16
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Li X, Wang Q, Zheng Q, Kurpiewska K, Kalinowska-Tluscik J, Dömling A. Access to Isoquinolin-2(1 H)-yl-acetamides and Isoindolin-2-yl-acetamides from a Common MCR Precursor. J Org Chem 2022; 87:14463-14475. [PMID: 36282152 PMCID: PMC9639002 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
We achieved a divergent synthesis of isoquinolin-2(1H)-yl-acetamides (16 examples, up to 90% yields) and regioselective isoindolin-2-yl-acetamides (14 examples, up to 93% yields) in moderate to good yields by reacting various substituted ethanones or terminal alkynes with Ugi-4CR intermediates via an ammonia-Ugi-4CR/Copper(I)-catalyzed annulation sequence reaction. The same intermediate thus gives 2D distant but 3D closely related scaffolds, which can be of high interest in exploiting chemistry space on a receptor. The scopes and limitations of these efficient sequence reactions are described, as well as gram-scale synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Department
of Drug Design, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Qian Wang
- Department
of Drug Design, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Qiang Zheng
- Department
of Drug Design, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Katarzyna Kurpiewska
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Department of Crystal Chemistry and Crystal, Physics,
Biocrystallography Group, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Justyna Kalinowska-Tluscik
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Department of Crystal Chemistry and Crystal, Physics,
Biocrystallography Group, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Alexander Dömling
- Department
of Drug Design, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands,
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17
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Tella SH, Mahipal A. An evaluation of ivosidenib for the treatment of IDH1-mutant cholangiocarcinoma. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2022; 23:1879-1885. [PMID: 36257911 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2022.2138331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The combination of gemcitabine and cisplatin remains the standard-of-care first-line therapeutic option in patients with the unresectable disease based on the encouraging phase II and phase III trials (ABC-02). Recently, the combination of durvalumab, gemcitabine, and cisplatin has shown modest but statistically significant improvement in median overall survival (OS) as compared to that of the gemcitabine-cisplatin combination. Systemic therapy options such as the combination of 5-flurouracil (5-FU) and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX), 5-FU and liposomal irinotecan, and trifluridine/tipiracil (TAS-102) and irinotecan have shown encouraging results. Therapies targeting FGFR2 fusions/rearrangements, BRAF mutations, microsatellite high tumors, HER2 amplifications, and IDH mutations are currently being extensively evaluated in cholangiocarcinoma with encouraging results. AREAS COVERED We briefly discuss the recent advancements in targeted therapy approaches in cholangiocarcinoma with a special focus on ivosidenib. EXPERT OPINION Ivosidenib is an excellent option for IDH1-mutant cholangiocarcinoma that progressed on first-line chemotherapy given its excellent tolerability and median OS benefit. However, a few questions remain unanswered - sequencing of targeted therapies, benefits of combining targeted therapy with systemic chemotherapy or with other treatment modalities, such as immunotherapy and localized therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amit Mahipal
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
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18
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Cheng CY, Chen CP, Wu CE. Precision Medicine in Cholangiocarcinoma: Past, Present, and Future. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:829. [PMID: 35743860 PMCID: PMC9225212 DOI: 10.3390/life12060829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), or biliary tract cancer, has a poor prognosis. The median survival time among patients with CCA is under 2 years from diagnosis, and the global 5-year survival rate is only 10%. First-line therapy with chemotherapeutic agents, gemcitabine plus cisplatin, has traditionally been used to treat unresectable advanced CCA. In recent years, precision medicine has become a mainstream cancer treatment due to innovative next-generation sequencing technology. Several genetic alterations, including mutations, gene fusions, and copy number variations, have been found in CCA. In this review, we summarized the current understanding of genetic profiling in CCA and targeted therapy in CCA. Owing to the high heterogeneity of CCA, tumor microenvironmental factors, and the complexity of tumor biology, only pemigatinib, infigratinib, ivosidenib, larotrbctinib, and entrectinib are currently approved for the treatment of CCA patients with fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 gene (FGFR2) fusion, isocitrate dehydrogenase gene (IDH1) mutation, and neurotrophin receptor tyrosine kinase gene (NRTK) fusion, respectively. Additional targeted therapies, including other FGFR2 inhibitors, PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitors, and BRAF-directed targeted therapy, have been discussed for the management of CCA, and immune checkpoint inhibitors, particularly pembrolizumab, can be administered to patients with high microsatellite instability tumors. There is a further need for improvement in precision medicine therapies in the treatment of CCA and discuss the approved and potential targeted therapies for CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Yuan Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
| | - Chiao-Ping Chen
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
| | - Chiao-En Wu
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
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19
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Zhang Y, Liu Y, Lang F, Yang C. IDH mutation and cancer stem cell. Essays Biochem 2022:EBC20220008. [PMID: 35611837 DOI: 10.1042/EBC20220008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a small population of cells in human malignancies that resemble the biology of human pluripotent stem cells. CSCs are closely related to the critical hallmarks in human cancers, ranging from oncogenesis to disease progression, therapeutic resistance, and overall outcome. Mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) were recently identified as founder mutations for human cancers. An increasing amount of evidence indicates that IDH mutations are closely related to the establishment and maintenance of CSCs. Biosynthesis of oncometabolite, metabolic reprogramming, and epigenetic shifts establish distinctive molecular signatures in IDH-mutated CSCs. Additionally, IDH mutation and IDH-related pathways could be valuable molecular targets to impact the CSC components in human cancers and to improve the disease outcome.
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