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Shen R, Qin S, Lv Y, Liu D, Ke Q, Shi C, Jiang L, Yang J, Zhou Y. GLP-1 receptor agonist attenuates tubular cell ferroptosis in diabetes via enhancing AMPK-fatty acid metabolism pathway through macropinocytosis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167060. [PMID: 38354757 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Kidney tubules are mostly responsible for pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease. Actively reabsorption of iron, high rate of lipid metabolism and exposure to concentrated redox-active compounds constructed the three main pillars of ferroptosis in tubular cells. However, limited evidence has indicated that ferroptosis is indispensable for diabetic tubular injury. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) processed strong benefits on kidney outcomes in people with diabetes. Moreover, GLP-1RA may have additive effects by improving dysmetabolism besides glucose control and weight loss. Therefore, the present study aimed at exploring the benefits of exendin-4, a high affinity GLP-1RA on kidney tubular dysregulation in diabetes and the possible mechanisms involved, with focus on ferroptosis and adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-mitochondrial lipid metabolism pathway. Our data revealed that exendin-4 treatment markedly improved kidney structure and function by reducing iron overload, oxidative stress, and ACSL4-driven lipid peroxidation taken place in diabetic kidney tubules, along with reduced GPX4 expression and GSH content. AMPK signaling was identified as the downstream target of exendin-4, and enhancement of AMPK triggered the transmit of its downstream signal to activate fatty acid oxidation in mitochondria and suppress lipid synthesis and glycolysis, and ultimately alleviated toxic lipid accumulation and ferroptosis. Further study suggested that exendin-4 was taken up by tubular cells via macropinocytosis. The protective effect of exendin-4 on tubular ferroptosis was abolished by macropinocytosis blockade. Taken together, present work demonstrated the beneficial effects of GLP-1RA treatment on kidney tubular protection in diabetes by suppressing ferroptosis through enhancing AMPK-fatty acid metabolic signaling via macropinocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Shen
- Center for Kidney Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Songyan Qin
- Center for Kidney Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Yunhui Lv
- Center for Kidney Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Dandan Liu
- Center for Kidney Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Qingqing Ke
- Center for Kidney Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Caifeng Shi
- Center for Kidney Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Center for Kidney Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, China.
| | - Junwei Yang
- Center for Kidney Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, China.
| | - Yang Zhou
- Center for Kidney Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, China.
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Bayır H, Dixon SJ, Tyurina YY, Kellum JA, Kagan VE. Ferroptotic mechanisms and therapeutic targeting of iron metabolism and lipid peroxidation in the kidney. Nat Rev Nephrol 2023; 19:315-336. [PMID: 36922653 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-023-00689-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a mechanism of regulated necrotic cell death characterized by iron-dependent, lipid peroxidation-driven membrane destruction that can be inhibited by glutathione peroxidase 4. Morphologically, it is characterized by cellular, organelle and cytoplasmic swelling and the loss of plasma membrane integrity, with the release of intracellular components. Ferroptosis is triggered in cells with dysregulated iron and thiol redox metabolism, whereby the initial robust but selective accumulation of hydroperoxy polyunsaturated fatty acid-containing phospholipids is further propagated through enzymatic and non-enzymatic secondary mechanisms, leading to formation of oxidatively truncated electrophilic species and their adducts with proteins. Thus, ferroptosis is dependent on the convergence of iron, thiol and lipid metabolic pathways. The kidney is particularly susceptible to redox imbalance. A growing body of evidence has linked ferroptosis to acute kidney injury in the context of diverse stimuli, such as ischaemia-reperfusion, sepsis or toxins, and to chronic kidney disease, suggesting that ferroptosis may represent a novel therapeutic target for kidney disease. However, further work is needed to address gaps in our understanding of the triggers, execution and spreading mechanisms of ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hülya Bayır
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, Departments of Environmental Health, Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Chemistry, Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care and Hospital Medicine, Redox Health Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Scott J Dixon
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yulia Y Tyurina
- Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, Departments of Environmental Health, Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Chemistry, Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - John A Kellum
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Valerian E Kagan
- Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, Departments of Environmental Health, Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Chemistry, Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Yang H, Song Y, Liang YN, Li R. Quercetin Treatment Improves Renal Function and Protects the Kidney in a Rat Model of Adenine-Induced Chronic Kidney Disease. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:4760-4766. [PMID: 29987270 PMCID: PMC6069490 DOI: 10.12659/msm.909259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to examine the effects of the natural flavonoid, quercetin, in a rat model of adenine-induced chronic kidney disease. Material/Methods Forty male Wister rats were divided into four groups: normal (no adenine or quercetin) (n=10); untreated model (treated withadenine but not quercetin) (n=10); quercetin-treated model (5 mg/kg/day for 21 days) (n=10); quercetin-treated model (10 mg/kg/day for 21 days) (n=10). Urine and blood samples were collected and rat kidneys were examined histologically. Results Comparison of the findings of the model rats treated with quercetin (n=20) with non-treated model rats (n=10) showed reduced levels of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23): normal group, 19.6 pg/ml; untreated group, 73.6 pg/ml; quercetin-treated group (5 mg/kg), 34.25 pg/ml; and quercetin-treated group (10 mg/kg), 21.3 pg/ml. Quercetin-treated model rats had reduced serum levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH), inorganic phosphate, increased urine protein-to-creatinine ratio, increased urine antioxidants, serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and interleukin (IL)-8 when compared with the untreated model group and the control group. Quercetin treatment 10 mg/kg (n=10) reduced the levels of creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and urinary uric acid. Renal histopathology in model rats treated with quercetin (n=20) showed reduced inflammation compared with the untreated model rats (n=10). Conclusions In a rat model of adenine-induced chronic kidney disease, treatment with quercetin improved renal function, reduced oxidative stress factors, serum levels of FGF23, and kidney inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Yan Song
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Ya-Nan Liang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China (mainland)
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Abstract
Monocyte chemotactant protein-1 (MCP-1), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, plays an important role in inflammatory process. In present study, we evaluated the association of MCP-1 gene rs1024611 polymorphism with risk and clinical characteristics of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs).This study recruited 116 patients with DFUs, 135 patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) without complications (non-DFU), and 149 healthy controls (HCs). MCP-1 gene rs1024611 polymorphism was genotyped by direct sequencing. The expression of MCP-1 was analyzed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assume the association strength.Individuals with rs1024611 AG and GG genotypes exhibited significantly higher susceptibility to DFUs, in the comparison with HCs (AG vs AA, OR = 2.364, 95% CI = 1.021-5.470; GG vs AA, OR = 2.686, 95% CI = 1.154-6.255). Meanwhile, G allele was associated with increased DFUs susceptibility (OR = 1.457, 95% CI = 1.014-2.093). Besides, rs1024611 SNP was slightly correlated with increased DFUs susceptibility in patients with DM. GG genotype of rs1024611 was significantly correlated with higher epidermal thickness and lower dermis thickness in patients with DFUs (P < .01). Patients with DFU exhibited upregulation of MCP-1 mRNA, and GG genotype was correlated with enhanced MCP-1 expression in DFU and non-DFU groups.Rs1024611 polymorphism was significantly associated with MCP-1 expression and individual susceptibility to DFUs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Su
- Department of Second Endocrinology
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mingming Hou
- Department of Medical Records, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
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Zhou Z, Wan J, Hou X, Geng J, Li X, Bai X. MicroRNA-27a promotes podocyte injury via PPARγ-mediated β-catenin activation in diabetic nephropathy. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e2658. [PMID: 28277542 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Podocyte injury has a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). MicroRNA-27a (miR-27a), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and β-catenin pathways have been involved in the pathogenesis of DN. Herein, we asked whether miR-27a mediates podocyte injury through PPARγ/β-catenin signaling in DN. The functional relevance of miR-27a, PPARγ and β-catenin were investigated in cultured podocytes and glomeruli of diabetic rats and patients using in vitro and in vivo approaches. Podocyte injury was assessed by migration, invasion and apoptosis assay. Biological parameters were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We found that high glucose stimulated miR-27a expression, which, by negatively targeting PPARγ, activated β-catenin signaling as evidenced by upregulation of β-catenin target genes, snail1 and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and downregulation of podocyte-specific markers podocin and synaptopodin. These changes caused podocyte injury as demonstrated by increased podocyte mesenchymal transition, disrupted podocyte architectural integrity and increased podocyte apoptosis. Furthermore, we provide evidence that miR-27a contributed to unfavorable renal function and increased podocyte injury in diabetic rats. Notably, miR-27a exhibited clinical and biological relevance as it was linked to elevated serum creatinine, proteinuria and reduced creatinine clearance rate. In addition, miR-27a upregulation and activation of PPARγ/β-catenin signaling were verified in renal biopsy samples from DN patients. We propose a novel role of the miR-27a/PPARγ/β-catenin axis in fostering the progression toward more deteriorated podocyte injury in DN. Targeting miR-27a could be a potential therapeutic approach for DN.
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Ali SM, Khalifa H, Mostafa DK, El sharkawy A. Suppression of connective tissue growth factor mediates the renoprotective effect of Sitagliptin rather than Pioglitazone in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Life Sci 2016; 153:180-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Abstract
The consensus management of diabetic nephropathy (DN) in 2015 involves good control of glycaemia, dyslipidaemia and blood pressure (BP). Blockade of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system using angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin-2 receptor blockers or mineralocorticoid inhibitors are key therapeutic approaches, shown to be beneficial once overt nephropathy is manifest, as either, or both, of albuminuria and loss of glomerular filtration rate. Some significant additional clinical benefits in slowing the progression of DN was reported from the Remission clinic experience, where simultaneous intensive control of BP, tight glycaemic control, weight loss, exercise and smoking cessation were prioritised in the management of DN. This has not proved possible to translate to more conventional clinical settings. This review briefly looks over the history and limitations of current therapy from landmark papers and expert reviews, and following an extensive PubMed search identifies the most promising clinical biomarkers (both established and proposed). Many challenges need to be addressed urgently as in order to obtain novel therapies in the clinic; we also need to examine what we mean by remission, stability and progression of DN in the modern era.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Montero
- Renal, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK.
| | - A Covic
- Hospital "C.I.Parhon" and University of Medicine "Grigore T Popa", Iasi, Romania
| | - L Gnudi
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, School of Medicine and Life Science, King's College London, London, UK
| | - D Goldsmith
- Renal, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
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Abstract
The burden of diabetes mellitus is relentlessly increasing. Diabetic nephropathy is the most common cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide and a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes. The current standard therapy of diabetic nephropathy involves intensive treatment of hyperglycemia and strict blood pressure control, mainly via blockade of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). Attention has been drawn to additional beneficial effects of oral hypoglycemic drugs and fibrates on other aspects of diabetic nephropathy. On the other hand, antiproteinuric effects of RAS combination therapy do not seem to enhance the prevention of renal disease progression, and it has been associated with an increased rate of serious adverse events. Novel agents, such as bardoxolone methyl, pentoxifylline, inhibitors of protein kinase C (PKC), sulodexide, pirfenidone, endothelin receptor antagonists, vitamin D supplements, and phosphate binders have been associated with controversial outcomes or significant side effects. Although new insights into the pathogenetic mechanisms have opened new horizons towards novel interventions, there is still a long way to go in the field of DN research. The aim of this review is to highlight the recent progress made in the field of diabetes management based on the existing evidence. The article also discusses novel targets of therapy, with a special focus on the major pathophysiologic mechanisms implicated in the initiation and progression of diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Dounousi
- University of Ioannina, School of Health Siences, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Anila Duni
- University of Ioannina, School of Health Siences, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Leivaditis
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Vasilios Vaios
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Theodoros Eleftheriadis
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Vassilios Liakopoulos
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Xing Y, Ye S, Chen Y, Hu W, Chen Y. Hydrochloride pioglitazone protects diabetic rats against podocyte injury through preserving glomerular podocalyxin expression. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 58:630-9. [PMID: 25211446 DOI: 10.1590/0004-2730000003141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We sought to test the effect of different dosages of pioglitazone (PIO) on the glomerular expression of podocalyxin and urinary sediment podocalyxin excretion and to explore the potential renoprotective mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS Type 1 diabetes induced with streptozotocin (65 mg/kg) in 36 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated to be treated with vehicle or 10, 20, 30 mg/kg/d PIO respectively for 8 weeks. Eight rats were enrolled in the normal control group. RESULTS At 8th week, rats were sacrificed for the observation of kidney injury through electron microscope. Glomerular podocalyxin production including mRNA and protein were determined by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry respectively. Levels of urinary albumin excretion and urinary sediment podocalyxin, kidney injury index were all significantly increased, whereas expression of glomerular podocalyxin protein and mRNA were decreased significantly in diabetic rats compared to normal control. Dosages-dependent analysis revealed that protective effect of PIO ameliorated the physiopathological changes and reached a peak at dosage of 20 mg/kg/d. CONCLUSION PIO could alleviate diabetic kidney injury in a dose-dependent pattern and the role may be associated with restraining urinary sediment podocalyxin excretion and preserving the glomerular podocalyxin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xing
- Department of Endocrinology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Shandong Ye
- Department of Endocrinology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Yumi Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Wen Hu
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Endocrinological Laboratory, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, China
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Chung CH, Fan J, Lee EY, Kang JS, Lee SJ, Pyagay PE, Khoury CC, Yeo TK, Khayat MF, Wang A, Chen S. Effects of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α on Podocyte Expression of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 and in Diabetic Nephropathy. Nephron Extra 2015; 5:1-18. [PMID: 25852733 PMCID: PMC4369122 DOI: 10.1159/000369576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background/Aims Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α is believed to play a role in diabetic kidney disease. This study explores the specific effects of TNF-α with regard to nephropathy-relevant parameters in the podocyte. Methods Cultured mouse podocytes were treated with recombinant TNF-α and assayed for production of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). TNF-α signaling of MCP-1 was elucidated by antibodies against TNF receptor (TNFR) 1 or TNFR2 or inhibitors of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) or Akt. In vivo studies were done on male db/m and type 2 diabetic db/db mice. Levels of TNF-α and MCP-1 were measured by RT-qPCR and ELISA in the urine, kidney and plasma of the two cohorts and correlated with albuminuria. Results Podocytes treated with TNF-α showed a robust increase (∼900%) in the secretion of MCP-1, induced in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Signaling of MCP-1 expression occurred through TNFR2, which was inducible by TNF-α ligand, but did not depend on TNFR1. TNF-α then proceeded via the NF-κB and the PI3K/Akt systems, based on the effectiveness of the inhibitors of those pathways. For in vivo relevance to diabetic kidney disease, TNF-α and MCP-1 levels were found to be elevated in the urine of db/db mice but not in the plasma. Conclusion TNF-α potently stimulates podocytes to produce MCP-1, utilizing the TNFR2 receptor and the NF-κB and PI3K/Akt pathways. Both TNF-α and MCP-1 levels were increased in the urine of diabetic db/db mice, correlating with the severity of diabetic albuminuria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choon Hee Chung
- Division of Nephrology/Hypertension, Northwestern University, Chicago, Ill., USA ; Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Jingyi Fan
- Division of Nephrology/Hypertension, Northwestern University, Chicago, Ill., USA ; Pediatric Department, Wuhan University School of Medicine, Zhongnan Affiliated Hospital, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Eun Young Lee
- Division of Nephrology/Hypertension, Northwestern University, Chicago, Ill., USA ; Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Jeong Suk Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Seung Joo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Petr E Pyagay
- Division of Nephrology/Hypertension, Northwestern University, Chicago, Ill., USA
| | - Charbel C Khoury
- Division of Nephrology/Hypertension, Northwestern University, Chicago, Ill., USA
| | - Tet-Kin Yeo
- Division of Nephrology/Hypertension, Northwestern University, Chicago, Ill., USA
| | - Mark F Khayat
- Division of Nephrology/Hypertension, Northwestern University, Chicago, Ill., USA
| | - Amy Wang
- Division of Nephrology/Hypertension, Northwestern University, Chicago, Ill., USA
| | - Sheldon Chen
- Division of Nephrology/Hypertension, Northwestern University, Chicago, Ill., USA ; Section of Nephrology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex., USA
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Speeckaert MM, Vanfraechem C, Speeckaert R, Delanghe JR. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor agonists in a battle against the aging kidney. Ageing Res Rev 2014; 14:1-18. [PMID: 24503003 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2014.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
As aging is a complex phenomenon characterized by intraindividual and interindividual diversities in the maintenance of the homeostatic condition of cells and tissues, changes in renal function are not uniform and depend on associated diseases and environmental factors. Multiple studies have investigated the possible underlying mechanisms of age-related decline in kidney function. Evolutionary, molecular, cellular and systemic theories have been postulated to explain the primary disease independent age-related changes and adaptive responses. As peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are involved in a broad spectrum of biological processes, PPAR activation might have an effect on the prevention of cell senescence. In this review, we will focus on the experimental and clinical evidence of PPAR agonists in a battle against the aging kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Joris R Delanghe
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium
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HUANG YING, LEI YAN, ZHENG ZHIHUA, WANG XIAOHUA, HU MINGLIANG, LIU RONGJUN, YU XUEQING. Rosiglitazone alleviates injury in rats with adenine-induced chronic kidney disease. Mol Med Rep 2013; 8:1831-5. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2013.1715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2013] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Imig JD, Walsh KA, Hye Khan MA, Nagasawa T, Cherian-Shaw M, Shaw SM, Hammock BD. Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibition and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ agonist improve vascular function and decrease renal injury in hypertensive obese rats. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2013; 237:1402-12. [PMID: 23354399 DOI: 10.1258/ebm.2012.012225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiometabolic syndrome occurs with obesity and consists of pathophysiological factors that increase the risk for cardiovascular events. Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibition (sEHi) is a novel therapeutic approach that exerts renal and cardiovascular protection. Although sEHi as a therapeutic approach is promising, it could be more effective for the treatment of cardiometabolic syndrome when combined with peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ) agonists. We hypothesized that the PPARγ agonist, rosiglitazone in combination with a sEHi (tAUCB) will provide synergistic actions to decrease blood pressure, improve vascular function, decrease inflammation, and prevent renal damage in spontaneously hypertensive obese rats (SHROB). SHROB were treated with rosiglitazone, tAUCB or the combination of tAUCB and rosiglitazone for four-weeks and compared with spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. Blood pressure increased in SHROB (164 ± 7 mmHg) and decreased 10 mmHg when treated with rosiglitazone, tAUCB, or tAUCB and rosiglitazone. Mesenteric artery dilation to the K(ATP) channel opener pinacidil was attenuated in SHROB (E(Max) = 77 ± 7%), compared with WKY (E(Max) = 115 ± 19) and SHR (E(Max) = 93 ± 12%). Vasodilation to pinacidil was improved by rosiglitazone (E(Max) = 92 ± 14%) but not tAUCB. Renal macrophage infiltration increased in SHROB and significantly decreased with rosiglitazone or tAUCB and rosiglitazone treatment. Albuminuria was increased in SHROB (90 ± 20 mg/d) and was significantly decreased by the combination of tAUCB and rosiglitazone (37 ± 9 mg/d). Glomerular injury in SHROB was also significantly decreased by tAUCB and rosiglitazone. These results indicate that even though sEHi or PPARγ agonist have benefits when used individually, the combination is more beneficial for the multidisease features in cardiometabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- John D Imig
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology and Cardiovascular Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
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14
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the effects of pioglitazone hydrochloride on urinary sediment podocalyxin and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) excretion in patients with type 2 diabetes and to explore its possible renoprotective mechanisms. METHODS Ninety-eight patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes, who were previously prescribed metformin, acarbose, or both, were randomly assigned to a DP group (add-on pioglitazone; n = 49) or a DS group (add-on sulfonylurea; n = 49). RESULTS After 12 weeks of treatment, both add-on pioglitazone therapy (the DP group) and add-on sulfonylurea therapy (the DS group) demonstrated a similar improvement in fasting blood glucose and hemoglobin A1c, but systolic and diastolic blood pressure declined significantly in only the DP group. Moreover, the DP group showed significantly better efficacy in reducing urinary MCP-1 excretion in comparison with the DS group. Furthermore, both urinary albumin and urinary sediment podocalyxin excretion decreased significantly in the DP group but not in the DS group. The urinary sediment podocalyxin to creatinine ratio had a positive correlation with urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (r = 0.624; P<.01) and urinary MCP-1 to creatinine ratio (r = 0.346; P<.01). CONCLUSION Pioglitazone treatment revealed a podocyte-protective capacity in patients with type 2 diabetes, and the underlying mechanisms may be partly attributed to its effective suppression of excessive local renal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xing
- Department of Endocrinology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Bilan VP, Salah EM, Bastacky S, Jones HB, Mayers RM, Zinker B, Poucher SM, Tofovic SP. Diabetic nephropathy and long-term treatment effects of rosiglitazone and enalapril in obese ZSF1 rats. J Endocrinol 2011; 210:293-308. [PMID: 21680617 DOI: 10.1530/joe-11-0122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major cause of end-stage renal disease. Yet the pathogenic mechanisms underlying the development of DN are not fully defined, partially due to lack of suitable models that mimic the complex pathogenesis of renal disease in diabetic patients. In this study, we describe early and late renal manifestations of DN and renal responses to long-term treatments with rosiglitazone or high-dose enalapril in ZSF1 rats, a model of metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and chronic renal disease. At 8 weeks of age, obese ZSF1 rats developed metabolic syndrome and diabetes (hyperglycemia, glucosuria, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension) and early signs of renal disease (proteinuria, glomerular collagen IV deposition, tubulointerstitial inflammation, and renal hypertrophy). By 32 weeks of age, animals developed renal histopathology consistent with DN, including mesangial expansion, glomerulosclerosis, tubulointerstitial inflammation and fibrosis, tubular dilation and atrophy, and arteriolar thickening. Rosiglitazone markedly increased body weight but reduced food intake, improved glucose control, and attenuated hyperlipidemia and liver and kidney injury. In contrast, rosiglitazone markedly increased cardiac hypertrophy via a blood pressure-independent mechanism. High-dose enalapril did not improve glucose homeostasis, but normalized blood pressure, and nearly prevented diabetic renal injury. The ZSF1 model thus detects the clinical observations seen with rosiglitazone and enalapril in terms of primary and secondary endpoints of cardiac and renal effects. This and previous reports indicate that the obese ZSF1 rat meets currently accepted criteria for progressive experimental diabetic renal disease in rodents, suggesting that this may be the best available rat model for simulation of human DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor P Bilan
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Vascular Medicine Institute, Departments of Medicine Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
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