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Gelbard A, Shilts MH, Strickland B, Motz K, Tsai HW, Boone H, Drake WP, Wanjalla C, Smith PM, Brown H, Ramierez M, Atkinson JB, Powell J, Simpson J, Rajagopala SV, Mallal S, Sheng Q, Hillel AT, Das SR. Idiopathic subglottic stenosis arises at the epithelial interface of host and pathogen. Res Sq 2023:rs.3.rs-2945067. [PMID: 37292825 PMCID: PMC10246274 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2945067/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Background Idiopathic subglottic stenosis (iSGS) is a rare fibrotic disease of the proximal airway affecting adult Caucasian women nearly exclusively. Life-threatening ventilatory obstruction occurs secondary to pernicious subglottic mucosal scar. Disease rarity and wide geographic patient distribution has previously limited substantive mechanistic investigation into iSGS pathogenesis. Result By harnessing pathogenic mucosa from an international iSGS patient cohort and single-cell RNA sequencing, we unbiasedly characterize the cell subsets in the proximal airway scar and detail their molecular phenotypes. Results show that the airway epithelium in iSGS patients is depleted of basal progenitor cells, and the residual epithelial cells acquire a mesenchymal phenotype. Observed displacement of bacteria beneath the lamina propria provides functional support for the molecular evidence of epithelial dysfunction. Matched tissue microbiomes support displacement of the native microbiome into the lamina propria of iSGS patients rather than disrupted bacterial community structure. However, animal models confirm that bacteria are necessary for pathologic proximal airway fibrosis and suggest an equally essential role for host adaptive immunity. Human samples from iSGS airway scar demonstrate adaptive immune activation in response to the proximal airway microbiome of both matched iSGS patients and healthy controls. Clinical outcome data from iSGS patients suggests surgical extirpation of airway scar and reconstitution with unaffected tracheal mucosa halts the progressive fibrosis. Conclusion Our data support an iSGS disease model where epithelial alterations facilitate microbiome displacement, dysregulated immune activation, and localized fibrosis. These results refine our understanding of iSGS and implicate shared pathogenic mechanisms with distal airway fibrotic diseases.
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Yu J, Li P, Li Z, Li Y, Luo J, Su W, Liang D. Topical Administration of 0.3% Tofacitinib Suppresses M1 Macrophage Polarization and Allograft Corneal Rejection by Blocking STAT1 Activation in the Rat Cornea. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2022; 11:34. [PMID: 35353151 PMCID: PMC8976928 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.11.3.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose M1 macrophages can promote corneal allograft rejection (CGR). Inhibiting M1 macrophage polarization by the JAK/STAT1 pathway may be a new strategy to prevent CGR. Tofacitinib, a potent pan-JAK inhibitor, can inhibit JAK/STAT activation. Here, we investigated the inhibitory effects of tofacitinib on M1 macrophage polarization and its therapeutic effect on rat CGR. Methods Corneal allograft transplantation was performed and administrated with 0.3% tofacitinib in rats. The corneal allografts were assessed clinically. The corneas were detected for M1 macrophages, lymphatic vessels, and inflammatory cytokine expression using immunohistochemistry and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Dendritic cells (DCs) in ipsilateral cervical lymph nodes were detected by flow cytometry. The effect and mechanism of tofacitinib on macrophages were explored by real-time PCR, enzyme-linked immunoassay, and western blot analysis in vitro. Results The results showed that topical administration of 0.3% tofacitinib significantly prolonged corneal graft survival. Tofacitinib-treated corneal allografts displayed a proportionate decrease in M1 macrophages and reduced lymphatic vessel density with fewer DCs in rat ipsilateral cervical lymph nodes. Tofacitinib reduced the mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines, including iNOS, MCP-1, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and VEGF-C, and inhibited STAT1 activation in rat corneal grafts. In addition, tofacitinib suppressed M1 macrophage polarization via STAT1 activation after IFN-γ and lipopolysaccharide stimulation in vitro. Conclusions Tofacitinib could suppress M1 macrophage polarization and subsequently delay CGR by inhibiting STAT1 activation. The data indicate that tofacitinib is an effective drug for CGR. Translational Relevance This study provided evidence that topical administration of 0.3% tofacitinib may be a novel clinical strategy to prevent CGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Yu
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China.,Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China.,State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China.,Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yingqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jiawei Luo
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China.,Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wenru Su
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Dan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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Hu W, Wang Y, Chen J, Yu P, Tang F, Hu Z, Zhou J, Liu L, Qiu W, Ye Y, Jia Y, Zhou S, Long J, Zeng Z. Regulation of biomaterial implantation-induced fibrin deposition to immunological functions of dendritic cells. Mater Today Bio 2022; 14:100224. [PMID: 35252832 PMCID: PMC8894278 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The performance of implanted biomaterials is largely determined by their interaction with the host immune system. As a fibrous-like 3D network, fibrin matrix formed at the interfaces of tissue and material, whose effects on dendritic cells (DCs) remain unknown. Here, a bone plates implantation model was developed to evaluate the fibrin matrix deposition and DCs recruitment in vivo. The DCs responses to fibrin matrix were further analyzed by a 2D and 3D fibrin matrix model in vitro. In vivo results indicated that large amount of fibrin matrix deposited on the interface between the tissue and bone plates, where DCs were recruited. Subsequent in vitro testing denoted that DCs underwent significant shape deformation and cytoskeleton reorganization, as well as mechanical property alteration. Furthermore, the immune function of imDCs and mDCs were negatively and positively regulated, respectively. The underlying mechano-immunology coupling mechanisms involved RhoA and CDC42 signaling pathways. These results suggested that fibrin plays a key role in regulating DCs immunological behaviors, providing a valuable immunomodulatory strategy for tissue healing, regeneration and implantation.
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Yu J, Li Y, Li Z, Li H, Chen Y, Chen X, Su W, Liang D. Subconjunctival injections of dimethyl fumarate inhibit lymphangiogenesis and allograft rejection in the rat cornea. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 96:107580. [PMID: 33823430 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Corneal lymphangiogenesis induced by macrophages played a critical role in corneal allograft rejection (CGR). However, there are few Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs that target lymphangiogenesis. The aim of our study is to evaluate the effects of dimethyl fumarate (DMF) on corneal allograft survival in rats. Penetrating corneal transplantation was performed in rats. Subconjunctival injections of dimethyl fumarate (20 µg) were administered at the end of the operation and postoperative day 3 to day 11. The clinical signs of corneal allografts were evaluated. Immunohistochemistry, quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), flow cytometry and western blot were performed respectively. The effects and mechanism of DMF on RAW264.7 cells were determined by qPCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and western blot in vitro. The results showed that subconjunctival injections of DMF could significantly inhibit corneal lymphangiogenesis and CGR with decreased corneal macrophage infiltration compared with the vehicle group. Moreover, DMF could reduce the mRNA expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) in the corneal grafts and RAW264.7 macrophages by inhibiting NF-κB activation. Furthermore, compared with the vehicle group, the number of dendritic cells in the ipsilateral cervical lymph nodes of the DMF-treated group was decreased significantly. Collectively, our findings showed that DMF could suppress CGR by inhibiting the macrophage-induced corneal lymphoangiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China; Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yingqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Zhuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - He Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuxi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenru Su
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Dan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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León X, Pujol A, López M, García J, Pons G, Ramón Sañudo J, Masià J, Quer M. Trasplante de la laringe: ¿una opción terapéutica para el siglo XXI? Revisión de la literatura. Acta Otorrinolaringológica Española 2008; 59:127-138. [DOI: 10.1016/s0001-6519(08)73280-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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León X, Pujol A, López M, García J, Pons G, Ramón Sañudo J, Masià J, Quer M. Larynx Transplant: A Therapeutic Option for the 21st Century? Literature Review. Acta Otorrinolaringologica (English Edition) 2008; 59:127-38. [DOI: 10.1016/s2173-5735(08)70208-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS Dendritic cells (DC) are potent antigen-presenting cells that instigate allograft rejection. Their migration kinetics vary depending on the type of organ transplanted. The timing of donor and recipient DC trafficking in laryngeal transplants is unknown. STUDY DESIGN Prospective animal model. METHODS Lewis to Brown Norway (BN) rat laryngeal allografts and BN to BN isografts were performed without immunosuppression. Recipient animals were sacrificed at seven posttransplant time points. Total DC, as well as recipient and donor DC (in allograft recipients), were enumerated in situ in the airway epithelium and subepithelium using monoclonal antibodies, immunofluorescence, confocal microscopy, and image analysis software. RESULTS Total DC densities in both laryngeal allografts and isografts decreased to approximately 10% of their initial values in the first 3 days and then rose beyond their starting values. In allografts, there was a net efflux of donor DC, reaching a nadir by 3 to 5 days; they were identified in recipient cervical lymph nodes from 12 hours to 5 days. Recipient DC infiltrated the laryngeal allograft, reaching a maximal density by day 7. CONCLUSION The paradigm of donor DC efflux and recipient DC influx has been confirmed in a rat laryngeal transplant model, and the allograft-specific timing of these events has been elucidated. Similarities in total DC migration between allografts and isografts suggest that this phenomenon may not be driven entirely by major histocompatibility mismatch. Further understanding of trafficking may help with the goal of manipulating DC to induce allograft tolerance in the absence of generalized immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron D Friedman
- Head and Neck Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA.
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