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Wu Y, Sun J, Zhang C, Ma S, Liu Y, Wu X, Gao Q. The oligodontia phenotype in a X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia patient with a novel EVC2 variant. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23056. [PMID: 38163170 PMCID: PMC10756976 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives To analyse the pathogenic genes in a patient with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) and explore the relationship between pathogenic genes and the oligodontia phenotype. Methods Clinical data and peripheral blood were collected from a patient with HED. Pathogenic genes were analysed by whole-exon sequencing (WES) and verified by Singer sequencing. The secondary and tertiary structures of the variant proteins were predicted to analyse their toxicity. Results The patient exhibited a severe oligodontia phenotype, wherein only two deciduous canines were left in the upper jaw. WES revealed a hemizygous EDA variant c.466C > T p.(Arg156Cys) and a novel heterozygous EVC2 variant c.1772T > C p.(Leu591Ser). Prediction of the secondary and tertiary structures of the EDA variant p.(Arg156Cys) and EVC2 variant p.(Leu591Ser) indicated impaired function of both molecules. Conclusion The patient demonstrated a more severe oligodontia phenotype when compared with the other patients caused by the EDA variant c.466C > T. Since Evc2 is a positive regulator of the Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) signal pathway, we speculated that the EVC2 variant p.(Leu591Ser) may play a synergistic role in the oligodontia phenotype of HED, thereby exacerbating the oligodontia phenotype. Knowledge of oligodontia caused by multiple gene variants is of great significance for understanding individual differences in oligodontia phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wu
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Central South Universtiy, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jing Sun
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Central South Universtiy, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Caiqi Zhang
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Central South Universtiy, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Siyuan Ma
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Central South Universtiy, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yiting Liu
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Central South Universtiy, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xiaoshan Wu
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Central South Universtiy, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Qingping Gao
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Central South Universtiy, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
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Kantaputra P, Dejkhamron P, Sittiwangkul R, Katanyuwong K, Ngamphiw C, Sonsuwan N, Intachai W, Tongsima S, Beales PL, Buranaphatthana W. Dental Anomalies in Ciliopathies: Lessons from Patients with BBS2, BBS7, and EVC2 Mutations. Genes (Basel) 2022; 14:84. [PMID: 36672825 PMCID: PMC9858533 DOI: 10.3390/genes14010084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To investigate dental anomalies and the molecular etiology of a patient with Ellis−van Creveld syndrome and two patients with Bardet−Biedl syndrome, two examples of ciliopathies. Patients and Methods: Clinical examination, radiographic evaluation, whole exome sequencing, and Sanger direct sequencing were performed. Results: Patient 1 had Ellis−van Creveld syndrome with delayed dental development or tooth agenesis, and multiple frenula, the feature found only in patients with mutations in ciliary genes. A novel homozygous mutation in EVC2 (c.703G>C; p.Ala235Pro) was identified. Patient 2 had Bardet−Biedl syndrome with a homozygous frameshift mutation (c.389_390delAC; p.Asn130ThrfsTer4) in BBS7. Patient 3 had Bardet−Biedl syndrome and carried a heterozygous mutation (c.389_390delAC; p.Asn130ThrfsTer4) in BBS7 and a homozygous mutation in BBS2 (c.209G>A; p.Ser70Asn). Her clinical findings included global developmental delay, disproportionate short stature, myopia, retinitis pigmentosa, obesity, pyometra with vaginal atresia, bilateral hydronephrosis with ureteropelvic junction obstruction, bilateral genu valgus, post-axial polydactyly feet, and small and thin fingernails and toenails, tooth agenesis, microdontia, taurodontism, and impaired dentin formation. Conclusions: EVC2, BBS2, and BBS7 mutations found in our patients were implicated in malformation syndromes with dental anomalies including tooth agenesis, microdontia, taurodontism, and impaired dentin formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piranit Kantaputra
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Dentaland Clinic, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Medical Genetics Research, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Prapai Dejkhamron
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Rekwan Sittiwangkul
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Kamornwan Katanyuwong
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Chumpol Ngamphiw
- National Biobank of Thailand, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Nuntigar Sonsuwan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Worrachet Intachai
- Center of Excellence in Medical Genetics Research, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Sissades Tongsima
- National Biobank of Thailand, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Philip L. Beales
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Program, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Worakanya Buranaphatthana
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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Zhang H, Chinoy A, Mousavi P, Beeler A, Louie K, Collier C, Mishina Y. Elevated WNT signaling and compromised Hedgehog signaling due to Evc2 loss of function contribute to the abnormal molar patterning. Front Dent Med 2022; 3:876015. [PMID: 38606060 PMCID: PMC11007741 DOI: 10.3389/fdmed.2022.876015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Ellis-van Creveld (EVC) syndrome is an autosomal recessive chondrodysplasia. The affected individuals bear a series of skeleton defects, congenital heart septum anomalies, midfacial defects, and dental defects. Previous studies using Evc or Evc2 mutant mice have characterized the pathological mechanism leading to various types of congenital defects. Some patients with EVC have supernumerary tooth; however, it is not known yet if there are supernumerary tooth formed in Evc or Evc2 mutant mice, and if yes, what is the pathological mechanism associated. In the present study, we used Evc2 mutant mice and analyze the pattern of molars in Evc2 mutant mice at various stages. Our studies demonstrate that Evc2 loss of function within the dental mesenchymal cells leads to abnormal molar patterning, and that the most anterior molar in the Evc2 mutant mandible represents a supernumerary tooth. Finally, we provide evidence supporting the idea that both compromised Hedgehog signaling and elevated WNT signaling due to Evc2 loss of function contributes to the supernumerary tooth formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghao Zhang
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Afriti Chinoy
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Paymon Mousavi
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Aubrey Beeler
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Ke’ale Louie
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Crystal Collier
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Yuji Mishina
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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Thomas DC, Moorthy JD, Prabhakar V, Ajayakumar A, Pitchumani PK. Role of primary cilia and Hedgehog signaling in craniofacial features of Ellis-van Creveld syndrome. Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet 2022; 190:36-46. [PMID: 35393766 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.c.31969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ellis-van Creveld syndrome (EvC) is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder involving pathogenic variants of EVC and EVC2 genes and classified as a ciliopathy. The syndrome is caused by mutations in the EVC gene on chromosome 4p16, and EVC2 gene, located close to the EVC gene, in a head-to-head configuration. Regardless of the affliction of EVC or EVC2, the clinical features of Ellis-van Creveld syndrome are similar. Both these genes are expressed in tissues such as, but not limited to, the heart, liver, skeletal muscle, and placenta, while the predominant expression in the craniofacial tissues is that of EVC2. Biallelic mutations of EVC and EVC2 affect Hedgehog signaling and thereby ciliary function, crucial factors in vertebrate development, culminating in the phenotypical features characteristic of EvC. The clinical features of Ellis-van Creveld syndrome are consistent with significant abnormalities in morphogenesis and differentiation of the affected tissues. The robust role of primary cilia in histodifferentiation and morphodifferentiation of oral, perioral, and craniofacial tissues is becoming more evident in the most recent literature. In this review, we give a summary of the mechanistic role of primary cilia in craniofacial development, taking Ellis-van Creveld syndrome as a representative example.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davis C Thomas
- Center for TMD and Orofacial Pain, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, New Jersey, USA
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Sagawa Y, Ogawa T, Matsuyama Y, Nakagawa Kang J, Yoshizawa Araki M, Unnai Yasuda Y, Tumurkhuu T, Ganburged G, Bazar A, Tanaka T, Fujiwara T, Moriyama K. Association between Smoking during Pregnancy and Short Root Anomaly in Offspring. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:11662. [PMID: 34770175 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Short root anomaly (SRA) is a dental anomaly with short dental roots and its pathogenesis is poorly understood. This study investigated the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and SRA in offspring. A survey was conducted on 558 children aged 8–16 years from two public schools in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. SRA was diagnosed using cases with a root-crown ratio of maxillary central incisors of ≤1.0. A questionnaire survey was conducted to assess maternal lifestyle habits. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyse the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and SRA in offspring after adjusting for possible confounders. The prevalence of SRA in these children was 14.2%. Children whose mothers smoked from pregnancy to date were found to be 4.95 times (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.65–14.79) more likely to have SRA than those whose mothers never smoked, after adjusting for possible confounders. Additionally, children whose mothers had been exposed to passive smoking during pregnancy were found to be 1.86 times (95% CI: 1.02–3.40) more likely to have SRA than those whose mothers had not been exposed to passive smoke. Our population-based study suggests that maternal and passive smoking exposure during pregnancy can affect tooth root formation in children.
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Louie KW, Mishina Y, Zhang H. Molecular and Cellular Pathogenesis of Ellis-van Creveld Syndrome: Lessons from Targeted and Natural Mutations in Animal Models. J Dev Biol 2020; 8:E25. [PMID: 33050204 DOI: 10.3390/jdb8040025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ellis-van Creveld syndrome (EVC; MIM ID #225500) is a rare congenital disease with an occurrence of 1 in 60,000. It is characterized by remarkable skeletal dysplasia, such as short limbs, ribs and polydactyly, and orofacial anomalies. With two of three patients first noted as being offspring of consanguineous marriage, this autosomal recessive disease results from mutations in one of two causative genes: EVC or EVC2/LIMBIN. The recent identification and manipulation of genetic homologs in animals has deepened our understanding beyond human case studies and provided critical insight into disease pathogenesis. This review highlights the utility of animal-based studies of EVC by summarizing: (1) molecular biology of EVC and EVC2/LIMBIN, (2) human disease signs, (3) dysplastic limb development, (4) craniofacial anomalies, (5) tooth anomalies, (6) tracheal cartilage abnormalities, and (7) EVC-like disorders in non-human species.
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Kulkarni AK, Louie KW, Yatabe M, Ruellas ACDO, Mochida Y, Cevidanes LHS, Mishina Y, Zhang H. A Ciliary Protein EVC2/LIMBIN Plays a Critical Role in the Skull Base for Mid-Facial Development. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1484. [PMID: 30410447 PMCID: PMC6210651 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Ellis-van Creveld (EvC) syndrome is an autosomal recessive chondrodysplastic disorder. Affected patients present a wide spectrum of symptoms including short stature, postaxial polydactyly, and dental abnormalities. We previously disrupted Evc2, one of the causative genes for EvC syndrome, in mice using a neural crest-specific, Cre-mediated approach (i.e., P0-Cre, referred to as Evc2 P0 mutants). Despite the fact that P0-Cre predominantly targets the mid-facial region, we reported that many mid-facial defects identified in Evc2 global mutants are not present in Evc2 P0 mutants at postnatal day 8 (P8). In the current study, we used multiple Cre lines (P0-Cre and Wnt1-Cre, respectively), to specifically delete Evc2 in neural crest-derived tissues and compared the resulting mid-facial defects at multiple time points (P8 and P28, respectively). While both Cre lines indistinguishably targeted the mid-facial region, they differentially targeted the anterior portion of the skull base. By comprehensively analyzing the shapes of conditional mutant skulls, we detected differentially affected mid-facial defects in Evc2 P0 mutants and Evc2 Wnt1 mutants. Micro-CT analysis of the skull base further revealed that the Evc2 mutation leads to a differentially affected skull base, caused by premature closure of the intersphenoid synchondrosis (presphenoidal synchondrosis), which limited the elongation of the anterior skull base during the postnatal development of the skull. Given the importance of the skull base in mid-facial bone development, our results suggest that loss of function of Evc2 within the skull base secondarily leads to many aspects of the mid-facial defects developed by the EvC syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshul K Kulkarni
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Ke'ale W Louie
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Marilia Yatabe
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | | | - Yoshiyuki Mochida
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Lucia H S Cevidanes
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Yuji Mishina
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Honghao Zhang
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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Miyake K, Kawaguchi A, Miura R, Kobayashi S, Tran NQV, Kobayashi S, Miyashita C, Araki A, Kubota T, Yamagata Z, Kishi R. Association between DNA methylation in cord blood and maternal smoking: The Hokkaido Study on Environment and Children's Health. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5654. [PMID: 29618728 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23772-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal smoking is reported to cause adverse effects on the health of the unborn child, the underlying mechanism for which is thought to involve alterations in DNA methylation. We examined the effects of maternal smoking on DNA methylation in cord blood, in 247 mother–infant pairs in the Sapporo cohort of the Hokkaido Study, using the Infinium HumanMethylation 450K BeadChip. We first identified differentially methylated CpG sites with a false discovery rate (FDR) of <0.05 and the magnitude of DNA methylation changes (|β| >0.02) from the pairwise comparisons of never-smokers (Ne-S), sustained-smokers (Su-S), and stopped-smokers (St-S). Subsequently, secondary comparisons between St-S and Su-S revealed nine common sites that mapped to ACSM3, AHRR, CYP1A1, GFI1, SHANK2, TRIM36, and the intergenic region between ANKRD9 and RCOR1 in Ne-S vs. Su-S, and one common CpG site mapping to EVC2 in Ne-S vs. St-S. Further, we verified these CpG sites and examined neighbouring sites using bisulfite next-generation sequencing, except for AHRR cg21161138. These changes in DNA methylation implicate the effect of smoking cessation. Our findings add to the current knowledge of the association between DNA methylation and maternal smoking and suggest future studies for clarifying this relationship in disease development.
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Li G, Liu M, Zhang S, Wan H, Zhang Q, Yue R, Yan X, Wang X, Wang Z, Sun Y. Essential Role of IFT140 in Promoting Dentinogenesis. J Dent Res 2017; 97:423-431. [PMID: 29195058 DOI: 10.1177/0022034517741283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary cilia, with highly regulated cellular sensory functions, play key roles in tissue development and function maintenance. Intraflagellar transport 140 (IFT140) is a subunit of IFT complex A, which is specialized for retrograde transportation in cilia. Mutations of Ift140 are usually associated with syndromic ciliopathy and may cause isolated diseases such as retinal dystrophy, short ribs, and polycystic kidney. However, the role of IFT140 in tooth development has not been well investigated. In this study, a close relationship between IFT140 and dentin formation is disclosed. During tooth development, IFT140 was highly expressed in odontoblasts. To further understand the role of IFT140 in dentinogenesis, Ift140flox/flox/Osx-Cre mouse was generated. The dentin thickness of Ift140flox/flox/Osx-Cre mouse is thinner and the dentin formation is slower than that in control. In vitro, deletion of IFT140 in odontoblasts led to poor odontogenic differentiation, abnormal primary cilia, and decreased Sonic hedgehog signaling molecules. More important, due to loss of primary cilia in odontoblasts by IFT140 deletion, reparative dentin formation was impaired in a tooth-drilling model. These results suggest that cilia gene IFT140 is essential in promoting dentin formation and reparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Li
- 1 Department of Implantology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - M Liu
- 2 Department of Endodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - S Zhang
- 1 Department of Implantology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - H Wan
- 1 Department of Implantology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Q Zhang
- 2 Department of Endodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - R Yue
- 3 School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - X Yan
- 4 State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - X Wang
- 5 Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Z Wang
- 1 Department of Implantology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Sun
- 1 Department of Implantology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
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Kwon EK, Louie K, Kulkarni A, Yatabe M, Ruellas ACDO, Snider TN, Mochida Y, Cevidanes LHS, Mishina Y, Zhang H. The Role of Ellis-Van Creveld 2(EVC2) in Mice During Cranial Bone Development. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2017; 301:46-55. [PMID: 28950429 DOI: 10.1002/ar.23692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
EvC syndrome is a type of autosomal-recessive chondrodysplasia. Previous case studies in patients suggest abnormal craniofacial development, in addition to dwarfism and tooth abnormalities. To investigate how craniofacial development is affected in EvC patients, surface models were generated from micro-CT scans of control mice, Evc2 global mutant mice and Evc2 neural crest-specific mutant mice. The anatomic landmarks were placed on the surface model to assess the morphological abnormalities in the Evc2 mutants. Through analyzing the linear and angular measurements between landmarks, we identified a smaller overall skull, shorter nasal bone, shorter frontal bone, and shorter cranial base in the Evc2 global mutants. By comparing neural crest-specific Evc2 mutants with control mice, we demonstrated that the abnormalities within the mid-facial regions are not accounted for by the Evc2 mutation within these regions. Additionally, we also identified disproportionate length to width ratios in the Evc2 mutants at all levels from anterior to posterior of the skull. Overall, this study demonstrates a more comprehensive analysis on the craniofacial morphological abnormalities in EvC syndrome and provides the developmental insight to appreciate the impact of Evc2 mutation within the neural crest cells on multiple aspects of skull deformities. Anat Rec, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Anat Rec, 301:46-55, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin K Kwon
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Michigan.,Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Michigan
| | - Ke'ale Louie
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Michigan
| | - Anshul Kulkarni
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Michigan
| | - Marilia Yatabe
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Michigan
| | | | - Taylor N Snider
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Michigan.,Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Michigan
| | - Yoshiyuki Mochida
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lucia H S Cevidanes
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Michigan
| | - Yuji Mishina
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Michigan
| | - Honghao Zhang
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Michigan
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Jeyalatha MV, Qu Y, Liu Z, Ou S, He X, Bu J, Li S, Reinach PS, Liu Z, Li W. Function of meibomian gland: Contribution of proteins. Exp Eye Res 2017; 163:29-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2017.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Abstract
Primary cilium is a solitary organelle that emanates from the surface of most postmitotic mammalian cells and serves as a sensory organelle, transmitting the mechanical and chemical cues to the cell. Primary cilia are key coordinators of various signaling pathways during development and maintenance of tissue homeostasis. The emerging evidence implicates primary cilia function in tooth development. Primary cilia are located in the dental epithelium and mesenchyme at early stages of tooth development and later during cell differentiation and production of hard tissues. The cilia are present when interactions between both the epithelium and mesenchyme are required for normal morphogenesis. As the primary cilium coordinates several signaling pathways essential for odontogenesis, ciliary defects can interrupt the latter process. Genetic or experimental alterations of cilia function lead to various developmental defects, including supernumerary or missing teeth, enamel and dentin hypoplasia, or teeth crowding. Moreover, dental phenotypes are observed in ciliopathies, including Bardet-Biedl syndrome, Ellis-van Creveld syndrome, Weyers acrofacial dysostosis, cranioectodermal dysplasia, and oral-facial-digital syndrome, altogether demonstrating that primary cilia play a critical role in regulation of both the early odontogenesis and later differentiation of hard tissue-producing cells. Here, we summarize the current evidence for the localization of primary cilia in dental tissues and the impact of disrupted cilia signaling on tooth development in ciliopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hampl
- 1 Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.,2 Department of Experimental Biology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - P Cela
- 1 Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.,3 Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - H L Szabo-Rogers
- 4 Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,5 Center for Craniofacial Engineering, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - H Dosedelova
- 1 Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - P Krejci
- 6 Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,7 International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - M Buchtova
- 1 Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.,2 Department of Experimental Biology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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13
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Abstract
Supernumerary teeth are common clinical dental anomalies. Although various studies have provided abundant information regarding genes and signaling pathways involved in tooth morphogenesis, which include Wnt, FGF, BMP, and Shh, the molecular mechanism of tooth formation, especially for supernumerary teeth, is still unclear. In the population, some cases of supernumerary teeth are sporadic, while others are syndrome-related with familial hereditary. The prompt and accurate diagnosis of syndrome related supernumerary teeth is quite important for some distinctive disorders. Mice are the most commonly used model system for investigating supernumerary teeth. The upregulation of Wnt and Shh signaling in the dental epithelium results in the formation of multiple supernumerary teeth in mice. Understanding the molecular mechanism of supernumerary teeth is also a component of understanding tooth formation in general and provides clinical guidance for early diagnosis and treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Lu
- a Department of Stomatology , Huashan Hospital, Fudan University , Shanghai , P.R. China
| | - Fang Yu
- b Department of Pediatric Dentistry , School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration , Shanghai , P. R. China
| | - Junjun Liu
- a Department of Stomatology , Huashan Hospital, Fudan University , Shanghai , P.R. China
| | - Wenping Cai
- a Department of Stomatology , Huashan Hospital, Fudan University , Shanghai , P.R. China
| | - Yumei Zhao
- b Department of Pediatric Dentistry , School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration , Shanghai , P. R. China
| | - Shouliang Zhao
- a Department of Stomatology , Huashan Hospital, Fudan University , Shanghai , P.R. China
| | - Shangfeng Liu
- a Department of Stomatology , Huashan Hospital, Fudan University , Shanghai , P.R. China
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