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Lee JN, Hill CM, Chi DL. Using Policy Briefs to Communicate Dental Research Findings to Policymakers. JDR Clin Trans Res 2024; 9:150-159. [PMID: 37317831 DOI: 10.1177/23800844231171831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES New scientific knowledge is not always available to decision makers. Policy briefs are a way that dental researchers can communicate research findings to policymakers. This study compares usefulness of 2 types of policy briefs about sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake and tooth decay. METHODS We developed 2 policy brief types (data focused and narrative focused) and emailed a randomly assigned policy brief to 825 policymakers and staff from 3 levels of government (city, county, and state) in Washington State. Participants completed a 22-item online questionnaire. There were 4 study outcomes: whether the brief was understandable, whether the brief was credible, likelihood of use, and likelihood to be shared (each measured on a 5-point Likert-like scale). The t test was used to evaluate whether outcomes differed by policy brief type and government level (α = 0.05). RESULTS There were 108 respondents (adjusted response rate 14.6%). About 41.6% of participants were in city government, 26.9% were in county government, and 29.6% were in state government. Participants reported that both data- and narrative-focused briefs were understandable (mean rating [MR] and standard deviation [SD]: 4.15 ± 0.68 and 4.09 ± 0.81, respectively; P = 0.65) and credible (MR and SD: 4.13 ± 0.70 and 4.09 ± 0.70, respectively; P = 0.74), but they were not likely to use (MR and SD: 2.71 ± 1.15 and 2.55 ± 1.28, respectively; P = 0.51) or share it (MR and SD: 2.62 ± 1.04 and 2.66 ± 1.30, respectively; P = 0.87). The likelihood of sharing briefs differed significantly by level of government (P = 0.017). Participants at the state level were more likely to share information from the briefs (mean rating and SD: 3.10 ± 0.80) than city- and county-level participants (MR and SD: 2.62 ± 1.27, and 2.24 ± 1.21, respectively). CONCLUSION Both data- and narrative-focused policy briefs may be a useful way to communicate dental research findings to policymakers, but additional steps are needed to ensure that briefs are used and shared. KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER STATEMENT Researchers should disseminate their research findings to maximize scientific impact. Our study findings indicate that policy briefs may be a useful way to communicate dental research findings to policymakers, but additional research is needed on the best ways to disseminate findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- J N Lee
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - C M Hill
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - D L Chi
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Mirhosseini N, Shoorgashti R, Lesan S. The evaluation of clinical factors affecting oral health impacts on the quality of life of Iranian elderly patients visiting dental clinics: A cross-sectional study. Spec Care Dentist 2024. [PMID: 38430466 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iran will soon have an aging population. Healthcare providers must consider factors affecting the quality of life for those 60 and older. Understanding oral health as one of these factors can improve the elderly's quality of life. Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) is a crucial reflection of individuals' general well-being and their overall quality of life linked to health. This study aimed to evaluate the OHRQoL among elderly Iranians referring to Azad University of Medical Sciences in Tehran. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 171 individuals over 65 (93 men and 78 women) were evaluated using OHIP-14 and GOHAI-12 questionnaires to analyze their quality of life. Gender, age, systemic diseases, using medications and dentures, the number of remaining teeth, and oral lesions were recorded. Salivary flow and xerostomia were analyzed with the spitting method and xerostomia index questionnaire, respectively. Also, four main flavor solutions were used to evaluate the taste perception. Data were analyzed using PASS11 and p value < .05 was the significance level. RESULTS Based on OHIP-14 and GOHAI-12, Iranian older people's quality of life can be affected by cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, xerostomia, and the number of remaining teeth (p < .05). The results also showed a significant correlation between the OHIP-14 and GOHAI-12 scores (p < .001). Both indexes revealed that the number of remaining teeth, xerostomia, salivary flow, and taste perception greatly influenced participants' quality of life. More remaining teeth, improved salivary flow, and better perception of sweetness and sourness were all linked to a higher quality of life, while increased xerostomia, reduced salivary flow, and bitter taste perception were linked to a decline in overall well-being. Cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, and medication use were also found to significantly impact quality of life. CONCLUSION This study's results indicate that cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, dry mouth, and tooth loss can negatively impact the elderly's quality of life. So, improving both systemic and oral health is vital for enhancing life quality in this age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazanin Mirhosseini
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Reyhaneh Shoorgashti
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Simin Lesan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
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Lee JKY, Yuen AWT, Leung KPY, Li JTW, Bae SY, Chan YY, Ip CK, Lau SH, Lau YN, Lo HY, Tang SK, Duangthip D. Oral Health Status and Oral Health-Related Behaviours of Hong Kong Students with Vision Impairment. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:391. [PMID: 38338276 PMCID: PMC10855684 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12030391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional epidemiological study aimed to describe dental caries and oral hygiene conditions among visually impaired students in Hong Kong. Students aged 6-21 years from two specialised schools for those with vision impairment were invited. Information on sociodemographic background and oral health-related behaviours was collected through an online parent-reported questionnaire. Dental caries and oral hygiene were assessed using the Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index and the Visible Plaque Index (VPI), respectively. Chi-square, Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis H tests were conducted to analyse the association between students' background and oral health status. A total of 73 participants were recruited, of whom 57.5% were male. Their mean (SD) age was 12.9 (4.7) years. Their mean DMFT score (SD) was 1.0 (1.8), and 43.8% had caries experience. The mean VPI (SD) was 0.76 (0.30). Their caries experience was significantly associated with their snacking habits (p = 0.013). Male participants had poorer oral hygiene than females (p = 0.048). In summary, dental caries is prevalent among visually impaired students in Hong Kong and their oral hygiene condition is unsatisfactory. Caries experience is significantly associated with snacking frequency, whereas oral hygiene is associated with gender. More specially designed preventive oral health measures should be provided for visually impaired students and their caretakers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Seon Yeong Bae
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yi Yung Chan
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ching Kiu Ip
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sik Hong Lau
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yin Ngai Lau
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hei Yuet Lo
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shuk Kwan Tang
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Duangporn Duangthip
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Bright KL, Lichtman K. An ethnographic study of a community dentistry network serving Latine migrant farmworkers in Vermont: Barriers and access to care during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2024; 52:59-67. [PMID: 37501550 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Primary dental healthcare services are not accessible for a majority of Latino/a/e migrant farmworkers in the United States. Unmet dental health needs are well documented in larger states like California, Florida and New York, but the dental healthcare picture in smaller states is not well understood. The goal of this qualitative ethnographic study was to understand the delivery model of a free dentistry network serving Latine farmworkers in rural Vermont and specific barriers experienced at the network during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Semi-structured ethnographic interviews were carried out with clinicians and transcripts were analysed using the constant comparison method to identify salient concerns and recommendations about barriers and delivery of care. RESULTS Clinicians highlighted structural issues including farmworkers' lack of time off work and absence of transportation to attend appointments, concerns about COVID-19 safety, concerns about immigration surveillance and language barriers. Providers outlined steps for improved service delivery including mobile care at local farms, enhanced intercultural training for providers, recognizing dentistry as essential healthcare at the state level and the leverage of existing appointments for preventive health. Drawing on anthropological frameworks of place-based care and deservingness of healthcare, our ethnographic findings emphasize the role of community dentistry in bridging gaps in migrant healthcare during and beyond the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin L Bright
- Department of Anthropology, Middlebury College, Middlebury, Vermont, USA
| | - Kayla Lichtman
- Department of Anthropology, Middlebury College, Middlebury, Vermont, USA
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York J, Port-Greenblatt A, Toth S, DePinto N. Trauma-informed care: An approach to improve oral health care for people with HIV. J Dent Educ 2023; 87 Suppl 3:1802-1804. [PMID: 37453049 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.13336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jill York
- Department of Community Health, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - Steven Toth
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Nicholas DePinto
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, New Jersey, USA
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van Meijeren-van Lunteren A, You Y, Raat H, Wolvius E, Kragt L. Caries Preventive Interventions and Oral Health Inequalities: A Scoping Review. JDR Clin Trans Res 2023; 8:311-325. [PMID: 35912710 PMCID: PMC10504820 DOI: 10.1177/23800844221109116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dental caries remains one of the most prevalent but preventable diseases among children worldwide and especially affects children with a lower socioeconomic status or ethnic minority background. It is important that all groups of children are reached by preventive interventions to reduce oral health inequalities. So far, it is unknown whether children from different social and ethnic groups benefit equally from potentially effective oral health interventions. OBJECTIVES This scoping review aimed to identify European public health interventions that report their effect on dental caries across different social groups. METHODS Four databases were searched for studies evaluating the effect of oral health interventions on dental caries among children from 0 to 12 y, and studies were included when results were presented by children of different social groups separately. RESULTS A total of 14 studies were included, representing 4 different countries: 3 randomized and 11 nonrandomized studies. Most studies were performed at schools. Six studies showed results indicative of a reduction in oral health inequalities, 4 studies showed results that potentially widen oral health inequalities, and 5 studies showed results that were indicative of no impact on oral health inequalities. Interventions that contain early approaches, with a high frequency, approaching multiple levels of influence, and including at least the broader organizational or public policy level, may have the potential to reduce oral health inequalities among children from birth to young adolescence. CONCLUSION We recommend researchers to perform high-quality intervention studies and to evaluate the effectiveness of oral health intervention always in different socioeconomic or ethnic groups separately, to better understand their contribution toward oral health (in)equalities. KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER STATEMENT This review offers insight in the differential effects that oral health interventions might have across different social groups. Its results can be used to develop interventions that might reduce oral health inequalities among children. Also, we recommend future researchers to always evaluate the effects of any preventive oral health measure in different social groups separately.
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Affiliation(s)
- A.W. van Meijeren-van Lunteren
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Centre, CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Special Dental Care and Orthodontics, Erasmus University Medical Centre, CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Y. You
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Centre, CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Centre, CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - H. Raat
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Centre, CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Centre, CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - E.B. Wolvius
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Centre, CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Special Dental Care and Orthodontics, Erasmus University Medical Centre, CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - L. Kragt
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Centre, CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Special Dental Care and Orthodontics, Erasmus University Medical Centre, CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Ko A, Chi DL. Fluoride hesitancy: A mixed methods study on decision-making about forms of fluoride. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2023; 51:997-1008. [PMID: 36219463 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate whether professionally applied topical fluoride-hesitant caregivers are also hesitant about other forms of fluoride for their child. METHODS This was a mixed methods study of 56 caregivers hesitant about professionally applied topical fluoride for their child recruited from the University of Washington Center for Paediatric Dentistry and Seattle Children's Hospital's Odessa Brown Children's Dental Clinic. A 32-item semi-structured interview script was piloted and finalized. One-time interviews with caregivers were conducted by phone in 2019. Associations between hesitancy of topical fluoride, fluoridated water and toothpaste were assessed quantitatively via two-tailed chi-squared tests. Qualitative data were coded using an inductive approach and content analytic methods to investigate reasons for hesitancy. RESULTS There were significant associations between hesitancy in all three pairwise comparisons of fluoride form (p < .01). Similar proportions of caregivers strongly or somewhat opposed fluoridated water compared with toothpaste (75% and 65%, respectively), but four times as many caregivers strongly or somewhat favoured fluoridated toothpaste compared to water for their child (25% and 7%, respectively). Concerns about harm were the most common reason caregivers opposed both fluoridated water and toothpaste. However, fluoride-hesitant caregivers reported being more comfortable with fluoridated toothpaste because amount and frequency can be controlled, and ingestion can be prevented. CONCLUSIONS Professionally applied topical fluoride hesitancy is significantly associated with fluoridated water and toothpaste hesitancy, but caregivers who were hesitant about topical fluoride was more comfortable with fluoridated toothpaste than fluoridated water for their child.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Ko
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington School of Dentistry, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Donald L Chi
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington School of Dentistry, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Kallal MG, Compton SM, Yoon MN. Patient satisfaction with access to a student-run free-service dental clinic. Can J Dent Hyg 2023; 57:117-122. [PMID: 37464995 PMCID: PMC10351490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Background The Student Health Initiative for the Needs of Edmonton (SHINE) dental clinic is a student-volunteer-operated clinic offering free oral care to low-income individuals. However, little is known about how SHINE impacts access to care. Drawing on Penchansky and Thomas' theory of access, this study assessed patient satisfaction to measure access. For further context, patient-reported oral health concerns and alternative oral care options if SHINE were not available were recorded. Methods The University of Alberta's Research Ethics Board (Pro 00101981) approved the study. Surveys adapted from Penchansky and Thomas were distributed over 12 weeks to all presenting patients. Survey data were triangulated with observations. Data were represented using descriptive statistics, and variables were compared using Chi-squared tests of independence. Results A response rate of 77% (140/170) was achieved. The survey revealed that patients were generally satisfied with access to SHINE. However, observations revealed physical accessibility barriers. Dissatisfaction was correlated with attending SHINE without receiving treatment. Patients primarily presented to SHINE for pain (55%, 76/139). If SHINE were not available, 38% (46/121) of patients reported they would seek care from an alternative oral health professional, 32% (39/121) through an emergency department or physician, and 27% (33/121) would not attain oral health care at all. Conclusion SHINE could be seen as addressing the need for access to oral health care services. The remaining barriers to care include long waiting times and clinic capacity to deliver care. A faster triage process may reduce waiting times. However, SHINE cannot provide more oral health care due to clinic capacity. Lastly, access to clinics such as SHINE may reduce visits to emergency departments for oral health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria G Kallal
- Dental Hygiene Program, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Sharon M Compton
- Dental Hygiene Program, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Minn N Yoon
- Dental Hygiene Program, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Oyler DR, Rojas-Ramirez MV, Nakamura A, Quesinberry D, Miller CS. Dental opioid prescription patterns in academic and community settings. J Public Health Dent 2023. [PMID: 36905202 DOI: 10.1111/jphd.12568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Reports of interventions to improve dental opioid prescribing have come primarily from academic settings, but most opioid prescriptions are written by community dentists. This analysis compares prescription characteristics between these two groups to inform interventions to improve dental opioid prescribing in community settings. METHODS State prescription drug monitoring program data from 2013 to 2020 were used to compare opioid prescriptions from dentists at academic institutions (PDAI) to prescriptions from dentists in non-academic settings (PDNS). Linear regression was used to assess daily morphine milligram equivalents (MME), total MME, and days' supply, adjusting for year, age, sex, and rurality. RESULTS Prescriptions from dentists at the academic institution accounted for less than 2% of over 2.3 million dental opioid prescriptions analyzed. Over 80% of prescriptions in both groups were written for <50 MME per day and for ≤3 days' supply. On average, in the adjusted models, prescriptions from the academic institution were written for about 75 additional MME per prescription and nearly a full day longer duration. Compared to adults, adolescents were the only age group who received both higher daily doses and longer days' supply. CONCLUSIONS Prescriptions from dentists at academic institutions accounted for small percentage of opioid prescriptions, but prescription characteristics were clinically comparable between groups. Interventional targets to reduce opioid prescribing in academic institutions could be applied to community settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas R Oyler
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Marcia V Rojas-Ramirez
- Department of Oral Health Practice, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Aisaku Nakamura
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Dana Quesinberry
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.,Department of Health Management and Policy, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Craig S Miller
- Department of Oral Health Practice, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
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Ma S, Serban N, Dehghanian A, Tomar SL. The impact of dentists' availability in delivering dental care in Florida Elementary Schools. J Public Health Dent 2023; 83:60-68. [PMID: 36221807 PMCID: PMC10006351 DOI: 10.1111/jphd.12551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study evaluates the dentists' availability to deliver preventive dental care to children in schools and the impact of school-based programs on access. METHODS The study population included Florida elementary-school children, differentiated by dental insurance (Medicaid, CHIP, private, or none). We considered the implementation of school-based programs using optimization modeling to (re)allocate the dentists' caseload to schools to meet demand for preventive care under resource constraints. We considered multiple settings for school-based program implementation: (i) school prioritization; and (ii) dentists' participation in public insurance. Statistical inference was used to identify communities to improve access and reduce disparities. RESULTS School-based programs reduced unmet demand (3%-12%), being more efficient if prioritizing schools in communities targeted to improve access. The access improvement varied by insurance status and geography. Uninsured urban children benefited most from school-based programs, with 15%-75% unmet need reduction. The percentage of urban communities targeted to improve access decreased by 12% against no-school program. Such percentage remained large for suburban (15%-100%) and rural (50%-100%) communities. Disparity in access for public-insured vs. private-insured children persisted under school-based programs (32%-84% identified communities). CONCLUSION School-based programs improve dental care access; the improvement was however different by insurance status, with uninsured children benefiting the most. Accounting to the dentists' availability in prioritizing schools resulted in effective resource allocation to school-based programs. Access disparities between public and private-insured children did not improve; school-based programs shifted resources from public-insured to uninsured. School-based programs are effective in addressing access barriers to those children experiencing them most.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Ma
- School of Industrial & Systems Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta GA 30332-0205
| | - Nicoleta Serban
- School of Industrial & Systems Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta GA 30332-0205
| | - Amin Dehghanian
- School of Industrial & Systems Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta GA 30332-0205
| | - Scott L. Tomar
- Department of Prevention and Public Health Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, 60612
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Stangvaltaite-Mouhat L, Stankeviciene I, Martinussen SSS, Sabataitis V, Sandjord C, Toresen I, Tryggestad MS, Puriene A, Johnsen JAK. Web-Based Interventions Reduced Dental Anxiety among Adults in Lithuania and Norway: A Pilot Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:3343. [PMID: 36834035 PMCID: PMC9966357 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Dental anxiety (DA) is a prevalent public health issue. However, there is a lack of self-administered DA interventions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the short-term effects of web-based interventions aiming to reduce DA in adults in two European countries. A pretest posttest design was used. Tailor-made websites were developed in Lithuania and Norway. Volunteers who self-reported DA were invited to participate. DA levels measured by the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) were assessed at baseline and after two weeks via online questionnaires. The interventions were completed by 34 participants in Lithuania and 35 participants in Norway. In Lithuania, the median posttest MDAS score (9.5, IQR 5.25) decreased compared to the median pretest MDAS score (14.5, IQR 8; Z value = -4.246, p < 0.001). The same was found in Norway-the median posttest MDAS score (12, IQR 9) was lower compared to the median pretest MDAS score (15, IQR 7; Z value = -3.818, p < 0.001). The present study demonstrated that two tailor-made web-based interventions had the potential to reduce dental anxiety levels when assessed in the short term in Lithuania and Norway. Studies with more controlled designs assessing long-term outcomes are needed to validate the results of this pilot study also in other cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Stangvaltaite-Mouhat
- Oral Health Centre of Expertise in Eastern Norway, 0369 Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, 03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Indre Stankeviciene
- Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, 03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | | | - Vytautas Sabataitis
- Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, 03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Camilla Sandjord
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsoe, Norway
| | - Ingrid Toresen
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsoe, Norway
| | | | - Alina Puriene
- Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, 03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Jan-Are Kolset Johnsen
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsoe, Norway
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McKernan SC, Sukalski JMC, Starman EE, Mayhle MM, Holland HA, Chi DL. Introducing dental students to dental public health: An analysis of US predoctoral course syllabi. J Dent Educ 2023; 87:654-659. [PMID: 36597728 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.13163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Dental public health competencies in predoctoral dental education ensure that students have the skills to succeed in an increasingly complex professional environment. This study examined existing public health curricula in US dental education and their alignment with national recommendations from the American Association of Public Health Dentistry (AAPHD) and guidance from the Healthy People Curriculum Task Force for health professions education programs. We contacted all US dental schools (N = 66) in November 2020-January 202 and requested syllabi for schools' first course with dental public health content. We received 34 syllabi, which provided textual data for content analysis. The authors used an initial content analysis tool to extract descriptive course characteristics. Then, direct and emergent coding was performed to summarize course content. Direct codes included the 23 dental public health topics specified by AAPHD recommendations. Uncategorized content was coded using an inductive approach to identify emergent course themes. Frequently covered topics included principles of dental public health (79% of syllabi) and access to care (79%). "Health disparities" was the most common emergent theme, with 50% of courses including related content. There was little consistency in how courses approached each topic. For example, the topic "access to care" covered healthcare delivery systems, determinants of health, legislative reform, and advocacy. Dental public health was often taught alongside unrelated content. Recommendations for dental public health competencies should be updated to include new educational priorities, align with current national recommendations, and align with Commission on Dental Accreditation Standards more clearly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan C McKernan
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, University of Iowa College of Dentistry, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Jennifer M C Sukalski
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, University of Iowa College of Dentistry, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Oral Science, University of Iowa College of Dentistry, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Emily E Starman
- University of Iowa College of Dentistry, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Miriam M Mayhle
- University of Washington College of Arts and Sciences, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Haley A Holland
- University of Washington School of Dentistry, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Donald L Chi
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington School of Dentistry, Seattle, Washington, USA
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13
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de Barreto Aranha RL, de Castro Martins R, Paixão LC, de Abreu MHNG. Professional Factors Associated with Case Resolution without Referrals of Orofacial Pain Cases to Secondary Dental Care by Telehealth in Brazil: A Cross-Sectional Study in 2019 and 2020. Life (Basel) 2022; 13:life13010029. [PMID: 36675978 PMCID: PMC9863102 DOI: 10.3390/life13010029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify professional factors associated with case resolution without a referral of orofacial pain to secondary health care by Brazilian Primary Health Care (PHC) practitioners who demanded asynchronous teleconsulting, stratified by year, in 2019 and 2020 (the COVID-19 Pandemic burst). A cross-sectional study employed secondary databases from asynchronous teleconsulting Telehealth Brazil Networks from January 2019 to December 2020. The outcome was the dichotomous variable "If referral to secondary care was avoided." As covariates: sex, healthcare professions, and category of orofacial pain doubts. A negative binomial regression model estimated each covariate's unadjusted and adjusted PR (95%CI) and p values, stratified for 2019 and 2020. There was a difference in descriptive factors associated with case resolution without a referral from 2019 to 2020. Females prevailed in both years, and the total demand decreased to a third from 2019 to 2020. The rate of resoluteness decreased by 19.1%. In 2019, nurses (PR = 0.69 CI 95% 0.57-0.83) and other professionals (PR = 0.84 CI 95% 0.73-0.97) showed less frequency of case resolution without a referral than did general dentists. In 2020, oral-cavity-related doubts (PR = 1.18 CI 95% 1.06-1.32) and temporomandibular disorders (PR = 1.33 95% 1.15-1.54) surpassed other causes of orofacial pain in case resolution without a referral, and female professionals avoided referrals more frequently than men (PR = 1.24 CI 95% 1.21-1.38). In conclusion, in 2019, oral cavity doubts and the PHC profession influenced the case resolution. Female professionals and oral cavity doubts scored the higher case resolution without a referral for the service in 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Renata de Castro Martins
- Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Ligia Cristelli Paixão
- School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
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14
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Imafuku R, Nagatani Y, Shoji M. Communication Management Processes of Dentists Providing Healthcare for Migrants with Limited Japanese Proficiency. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:14672. [PMID: 36429391 PMCID: PMC9690798 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192214672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Low health literacy results in health inequity are linked with poor adherence to medical care. In the globalized Japanese context, the number of migrants with Japanese as a second language is increasing year after year. Since limited Japanese proficiency may pose a greater health risk, dentists are expected to manage cross-cultural communication and provide dental care to foreign patients. This study explored dentists' experiences of treating patients with limited Japanese proficiencies. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 community dentists and the qualitative data were analyzed through a thematic analysis approach. Their major challenges were classified into three themes-linguistic aspect (e.g., complicated explanation regarding root canal treatment), sociolinguistic aspect (e.g., communication with foreign residents with limited dental knowledge), and sociocultural aspect (e.g., cultural differences in their dental aesthetics and insurance treatment system). Several management strategies were employed, including linguistic accommodation, avoidance of complexities, use of various communication tools, and getting help from others. However, they were unsatisfied with their practice because they could not understand the patients' psychosocial aspects due to incomplete communication. These findings provided insights into dentists' practice in the globalized context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rintaro Imafuku
- Medical Education Development Center, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Yukiko Nagatani
- Department of Dental Hygiene, University of Shizuoka Junior College, Shizuoka 422-8021, Japan
| | - Masaki Shoji
- Department of Social and Administrative Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki 569-1094, Japan
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15
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Nagarajan R, Panny A, Berg R, Acharya A, Nycz G. Variations in temporal trends in non-traumatic dental condition related emergencies. J Public Health Dent 2022; 82:289-294. [PMID: 35642100 DOI: 10.1111/jphd.12528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to investigate temporal trends in non-traumatic dental condition (NTDC) related emergency visits at Emergency Department (ED), urgent care (UC), and at a Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC) that providing dental services to a mid-sized rural community. METHODS Temporal trends over a 9-year period (2008-2016) in NTDC rates at ED, UC, FQHC and in a region around the FQHC were determined. Statistically significant changes (α = 0.05) in the proportion of NTDC visits between FQHC and UC across each of the time points were investigated. RESULTS Proportion of NTDC ED visits was relatively stable over the study period; whereas those at FQHC exceeded those at UC site beginning 2012 and were significantly (α = 0.05) higher than that of UC subsequently (2015-2016). CONCLUSIONS NTDCs are preventable dental conditions and the care provided in treating NTDCs in emergency settings is palliative and does not address the underlying conditions resulting in poor outcomes. The results presented elucidate the critical role of FQHCs in significantly reducing NTDC visits. These might be precursors to a potential shift in NTDC care seeking behavior and expected to favorably impact oral health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhakrishnan Nagarajan
- Center for Oral-Systemic Health, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Aloksagar Panny
- Center for Oral-Systemic Health, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Richard Berg
- Office for Research Computing Analytics, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Amit Acharya
- Advocate Aurora Research Institute, Advocate Aurora Health, Downers Grove, Illinois, USA
| | - Greg Nycz
- Family Health Center of Marshfield Inc., Marshfield, Wisconsin, USA
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16
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Dye BA, Albino J. Finding Knowledge to Improve Oral Health for All. J Dent Res 2022; 101:739-741. [PMID: 35612281 DOI: 10.1177/00220345221094765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- B A Dye
- Department of Community Dentistry and Population Health, University of Colorado School of Dental Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - J Albino
- Emerita of Public Health, University of Colorado President Emerita, Aurora, CO, USA
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17
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Vered Y, Kynan Orenstein M, Goldberg H, Zini A, Feine Z, Mann J, Sgan-Cohen H. Establishment of "Smiles": an innovative inclusive program for the promotion of oral health among preschool children. Quintessence Int 2022; 53:546-555. [PMID: 35380210 DOI: 10.3290/j.qi.b2887679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe the planning stage and the first year of "Smiles," an innovative, inclusive oral health promotion program among preschool children, ages 3 to 5, encompassing the enhancement of daily toothbrushing skills, engagement of teaching staff and parents, and integration of a supportive environment of supervised toothbrushing in kindergartens. METHOD AND MATERIALS The major components of the first year of the program included workshops with the teaching staff, working sessions with the preschool children, and workshops with the parents. Program participation, program cooperation, program satisfaction, and kindergarten teachers, kindergarten parents, and dental hygienists' attitudes towards this component of the program were recorded and evaluated. Minor components of the first year of the program included assimilation and integration of daily supervised toothbrushing in some of the kindergartens. Program participation, kindergarten teachers, kindergarten teachers' assistants, and kindergarten parents' attitudes towards this component of the program were recorded and evaluated. RESULTS In total, 180 kindergartens, in nine locations across Israel, including 5,311 preschool children, their parents, and teaching staff, took part in the first year of the program. High levels of participation (80% and above), cooperation (9.55 to 9.78) and satisfaction (9.62 to 9.81) were recorded in the first year of the program. Kindergarten teachers, parents, and dental hygienists expressed high levels of support for continuing the program beyond its first year (9.86 to 10.00). Regarding the daily supervised toothbrushing model in the kindergartens, high levels of satisfaction (9.50 to 9.75) and willingness to continue the program (9.50-10.00) were recorded among kindergarten teachers, assistants, and parents. CONCLUSION The "Smiles" program serves as an example of successful collaboration between many partners and stakeholders from different organizations, sectors, and government ministries, local authorities, kindergarten management and staff, parents, and the most important partners, the preschool children. Its adherence to the basic principles of health promotion, and its professional adjustment to early childhood with positive atmosphere of happiness, joy, and shared warmth, contributed to the success of the program.
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18
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de Souza Fonseca RR, Laurentino RV, de Menezes SAF, Oliveira-Filho AB, Alves ACBA, Frade PCR, Machado LFA. Digital Form for Assessing Dentists' Knowledge about Oral Care of People Living with HIV. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:5055. [PMID: 35564449 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Oral lesions are usually the first sign of HIV infection. The present study aimed to determine the level of the knowledge of dentists on the dental care needs of People Living with HIV (PLWH). This cross-sectional study was conducted between February and May 2021, in the Brazilian state of Pará, during which a total of 51 dentists received an anonymous digital form (Google® Forms Platform) composed of four blocks of discursive, dichotomous, and multiple-choice questions. The questions referred to various aspects of the dental care needs of PLWH, together with data on the professional activities of the dentists. After signing the term of informed consent, the dentists were divided into six subgroups according to the time (in years) since completing their bachelor’s degree in dentistry. The data were presented as descriptive statistics and percentages, and then analyzed using the Kappa test. Most (70.6%; 36 of 51) of the dentists were female, the mean age of the dentists was 32.5 years, and a majority (80.2%) were based in the city of Belem; the mean time since graduation was 8.5 years, with 22 (43.1%) having more than 5 years of professional experience, and 31 (60.8%) having graduated from a private dental college. Just over half (51%) of the 51 dentists had completed graduate courses, and the most common dental specialty was orthodontics (19.6%). Most (74.5%) of the dentists work in the private sector, 38 (74.5%) claimed to have already provided oral care to PLWH, and 43 (84.3%) had access to specialist content on the oral care needs of PLWH. In terms of the knowledge of the dentists with regard to the oral care needs of PLWH, four of the ten diagnostic questions obtained more inadequate answers than expected, whereas the final two questions (11–45.1% and 12–31.4%) demonstrated that many of the dentists adopt unnecessary modifications in their oral care protocol for PLWH, due to a fear of contamination. Overall, our results demonstrate a frequent lack of knowledge, especially with regard to the oral healthcare needs of PLWH, which may account for many of the stigmas that persist in the dental care of this vulnerable group.
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19
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Oishi MM, Robley R, Inada MK, Hiramoto J. Anti-racist approaches to increase access to general and oral health care during a pandemic in the Pacific Islander community. J Public Health Dent 2022; 82 Suppl 1:128-132. [PMID: 35726472 PMCID: PMC9349547 DOI: 10.1111/jphd.12519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Limited data exists on Pacific Islander (PI) health, but a growing body of literature reports the existence of racial discrimination and inequities and mistrust of the healthcare system, leading to poor health outcomes. When COVID‐19 restricted health services, such inequities and mistrust due to historical trauma were magnified. This report describes one federally qualified health center's dental department's response utilizing culture‐based approaches, community relationships, and the social determinants of health (SDOH) to dispel the stigma of COVID and restrictions on in‐person care in order to lower barriers to accessing care. When the dental department transitioned to emergency‐only care, staff were redeployed to address significant inequities facing the PI community. Redeployment activities included building relationships with the most vulnerable patients, delivering healthy foods, supplies, oral hygiene kits to households, and canvasing neighborhood businesses with public health education. The mobile dental clinic, a trusted symbol in the community, also brought public health education to community testing events and food distributions. From March 2020 to July 2020, staff conducted over 800 outreach calls for health and food security, delivered over 2000 care packages and oral hygiene kits. Also, frequent community outreach by the mobile dental clinic led to a 10‐fold increase in COVID testing. Investing in relationship building can maintain access to health care and build trust in the health care system for PI communities. This approach may be relevant to others serving other communities experiencing racism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew M Oishi
- David R. Breese Center for Community Oral Health, Kokua Kalihi Valley Comprehensive Family Services, Honolulu, Hawai'i, USA.,Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, University of Iowa College of Dentistry, Lowa City, Lowa, USA
| | - Rachelle Robley
- Grants Department, Kokua Kalihi Valley Comprehensive Family Services, Honolulu, Hawai'i, USA
| | - Megan K Inada
- Research Department, Kokua Kalihi Valley Comprehensive Family Services, Honolulu, Hawai'i, USA
| | - Jason Hiramoto
- David R. Breese Center for Community Oral Health, Kokua Kalihi Valley Comprehensive Family Services, Honolulu, Hawai'i, USA
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20
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Echeverria MS, Schuch HS, Cenci MS, Motta JVS, Bertoldi AD, Hallal PC, Demarco FF. Trajectories of Sugar Consumption and Dental Caries in Early Childhood. J Dent Res 2022; 101:724-730. [PMID: 35114848 DOI: 10.1177/00220345211068743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This study verifies the association between the trajectory of sugar consumption and dental caries in the 2015 Pelotas Birth Cohort in Pelotas, Brazil. It was conducted with data from the follow-ups at 3, 12, 24, and 48 mo from the 2015 Birth Cohort, which included 4,275 children born alive in hospitals in Pelotas. Data collection included standardized questionnaires for first caregivers applied by trained interviewers at all follow-ups. Exposure was the trajectory of sugar consumption from 3 to 48 mo (always low, always intermediate, increasing, and always high), obtained by group-based trajectory modeling. The outcome of this study was dental caries, obtained through clinical examination performed by calibrated dentists at 48 mo of age. Socioeconomic conditions and oral health instruction from a health professional during the first 4 y of life were included in the analysis as potential confounders. Prevalence ratios and their 95% confidence intervals were provided from generalized estimating equations with a log-Poisson with robust variance specification. In total, 3,654 (91.1%) children participated in the survey at 48 mo, and 2,806 children had complete data for the analyzes performed. Of these, 1,012 (36.1%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 34.3-37.8) experienced caries, and 723 (25.8%; 95% CI, 24.2-27.4) had cavitated caries. Regarding cavitated caries, the prevalence was 1.48 times higher in the group with increasing sugar consumption than children with always low consumption. There is an association between the trajectory of sugar consumption and dental caries at 48 mo. Children with increasing and always high sugar consumption have the highest prevalence of caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Echeverria
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - H S Schuch
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - M S Cenci
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - J V S Motta
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - A D Bertoldi
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - P C Hallal
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - F F Demarco
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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21
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Nguyen LB, Johnson L, Lee S, Tupaz K, Piskorowski WA. Immediate impact of bringing a school to the community with a new community-based clinical education program. J Public Health Dent 2022; 82:345-348. [PMID: 35001399 DOI: 10.1111/jphd.12497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the implementation of a community-based clinical education (CBCE) program at the University of California, Los Angeles School of Dentistry (SOD) and the preliminary outcomes on dental students and affiliated clinics. METHODS A retrospective review was carried out of SOD CBCE program implementation and program data between March 2018 and June 2019 related to patient encounters, pre- and post-rotation student self-assessments, student exit surveys and surveys administered to faculty within affiliate clinics. RESULTS In five academic quarters, 133 students delivered care for 7556 patients and completed 12,467 procedures in underserved communities. Students reported increased confidence across 14 areas of self-assessment. The percentage of students reporting future plans of working in public health clinics upon graduation increased from 6% to 19%. Affiliate clinic faculty indicated increased care delivery for underserved patients, appointment availability, and job satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS The newly implemented UCLA SOD CBCE program preliminarily yielded immediate positive outcomes for SOD students and affiliate community clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa B Nguyen
- Division of Public Health and Community Dentistry, Section of Pediatric Dentistry, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Lynn Johnson
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, Dental Informatics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Steve Lee
- Section of Restorative Dentistry, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Kyle Tupaz
- Division of Public Health and Community Dentistry, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Wilhelm A Piskorowski
- Division of Public Health and Community Dentistry, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California, USA
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22
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Corchuelo-Ojeda J, González Pérez GJ, Casas-Arcila A. Factors Associated With Self-Perception in Oral Health of Pregnant Women. Health Educ Behav 2021; 49:516-524. [PMID: 34955047 PMCID: PMC9149525 DOI: 10.1177/10901981211038903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Health perception is a subjective predictor of long-term morbidity and
mortality. Few studies address the perception that pregnant women have of
their oral health. Objective The objective of this study was to explore the relationship between
socioeconomic factors and self-assessment of oral health in pregnant women
from Cali, Colombia. Method A cross-sectional study was carried out with a sample of 998 pregnant women,
calculated using the formula to estimate a proportion in finite populations,
with a confidence level of 95%. A questionnaire was applied for
sociodemographic characterization, as well as to enquire about oral health
perception, knowledge, and practices of oral health. Results The mean age of the surveyed mothers was 24.7, with a standard deviation of
6.1, of which 23.6% were adolescents. The perception they had about their
oral health status was considered good by 60.8%. Of the 82.9% who reported
having attended dentistry, more than half perceived good oral health.
Pregnant women with no history of oral problems, with a perception of medium
or high income, and with good oral hygiene practices tend to have a good
perception of their oral health. Conclusion Pregnant women with no history of oral problems, with a perception of medium
or high income, and with good oral hygiene practices tend to have a good
perception of their oral health.
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23
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Wang MC, Wu JY, Shih WY. A scoping review of intervention components of school-based oral health-related behavioural interventions using the Theoretical Domains Framework. Eur J Oral Sci 2021; 130:e12841. [PMID: 34935210 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to review the intervention components of school-based oral health-related behavioural interventions using the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF). We identified relevant papers from the review of Cooper et al., and these papers came from both the original inclusion and exclusion article lists. We also modified and updated their search strategies (2013 - April 2019). The 53 included papers reported on 79 interventions (experimental groups = 57 interventions, control groups = 22 interventions). Most of the papers used three to nine domains (average = 5.6) in their experimental interventions, and the most commonly used domains were 'knowledge,' 'skills,' 'social influences,' and 'environmental context and resources.' Considering the complexity of intervention components in one programme, there is no one specific domain or domain set that can determine the success of behavioural interventions. The design of future programmes should be guided by a complex intervention methodology. However, the best combination set might not exist, and the choice of domains should depend on local context or resources. This study can be used as a resource for identifying previous papers, which have used the same domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Ching Wang
- Department of Dentistry, Taipei Municipal Wanfang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Stomatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Yi Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yu Shih
- Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Stomatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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24
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Sagawa Y, Ogawa T, Matsuyama Y, Nakagawa Kang J, Yoshizawa Araki M, Unnai Yasuda Y, Tumurkhuu T, Ganburged G, Bazar A, Tanaka T, Fujiwara T, Moriyama K. Association between Smoking during Pregnancy and Short Root Anomaly in Offspring. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:11662. [PMID: 34770175 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Short root anomaly (SRA) is a dental anomaly with short dental roots and its pathogenesis is poorly understood. This study investigated the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and SRA in offspring. A survey was conducted on 558 children aged 8–16 years from two public schools in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. SRA was diagnosed using cases with a root-crown ratio of maxillary central incisors of ≤1.0. A questionnaire survey was conducted to assess maternal lifestyle habits. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyse the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and SRA in offspring after adjusting for possible confounders. The prevalence of SRA in these children was 14.2%. Children whose mothers smoked from pregnancy to date were found to be 4.95 times (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.65–14.79) more likely to have SRA than those whose mothers never smoked, after adjusting for possible confounders. Additionally, children whose mothers had been exposed to passive smoking during pregnancy were found to be 1.86 times (95% CI: 1.02–3.40) more likely to have SRA than those whose mothers had not been exposed to passive smoke. Our population-based study suggests that maternal and passive smoking exposure during pregnancy can affect tooth root formation in children.
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25
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Hijryana M, MacDougall M, Ariani N, Saksono P, Kusdhany LS, Walls AWG. Periodontal Disease and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in the Older Population in Indonesia. JDR Clin Trans Res 2021; 7:277-288. [PMID: 34282670 PMCID: PMC9203662 DOI: 10.1177/23800844211021391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Despite being acknowledged as the second global burden of oral disease, periodontal disease has few epidemiologic studies in the literature, particularly for developing countries. Many previous studies have assessed the relationship between periodontal disease and oral health–related quality of life (OHRQoL), with patients attending dental clinic or hospitals rather than a general population. This study attempted to fill the knowledge gap in limited information about periodontal disease and OHRQoL, with reference to a general population in a developing country. Objectives: To investigate the relationship between OHRQoL and periodontal diseases in an older population in Indonesia. Methods: We invited 582 older people from community health centers. The 369 (63.4%) older people who agreed to participate consented to an oral health examination and a questionnaire capturing demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral, and Oral Health Impact Profile–14 (OHIP-14) data. Results: Almost 75% of the older people had generalized periodontitis; 3% had healthy periodontal status; and around 22% had localized periodontitis. There was a lack of statistical evidence for an association between periodontal disease status and OHRQoL. This result was based on the appraisal of the prevalence of the impact (Odds ratio [OR], 0.95 [95% CI, 0.54 to 1.59]; P = 0.77), difference in mean severities (0.07 [95% CI, –1.66 to 1.80]; P = 0.94), and extent of the impact (P = 0.996). However, we found evidence for a relationship between tooth mobility and OHRQoL for all of the OHIP assessments, including prevalence of the impact (OR, 1.87 [95% CI, 1.16 to 3.01]; P = 0.009), difference in mean severities (–2.98 [95% CI, –4.50 to –1.45]; P < 0.001), and extent of the impact (P = 0.001). Conclusion: There was a lack of statistical evidence for a relationship between periodontal disease status and OHRQoL in this society. However, we found evidence that tooth mobility, as a sign of periodontal disease progression, is related to OHRQoL. Knowledge Transfer Statement: The present study can be used by dentists, community health workers, and policy makers in Indonesia to understand the prevalence, severity, and extent of the negative impacts of periodontal disease on older people’s quality of life. In addition, this study provides information about factors that might considerably affect the oral health–related quality of life in this society, such as brushing habits, dental visit, family income, DMF-T status, and subjective appraisal toward dental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hijryana
- Edinburgh Dental Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - M MacDougall
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - N Ariani
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - P Saksono
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - L S Kusdhany
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.,Centre for Ageing Studies, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - A W G Walls
- Edinburgh Dental Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Lim MAWT, Liberali SAC, Calache H, Parashos P, Borromeo GL. Specialist Networks Influence Clinician Willingness to Treat Individuals with Special Needs. JDR Clin Trans Res 2021; 7:267-276. [PMID: 34148391 DOI: 10.1177/23800844211020250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The South Australian Dental Service's Special Needs Network was established to support oral health professionals working within their statewide government-funded dental service to treat patients with special needs. This study aimed to investigate how a structured network relationship with specialists in special needs dentistry influenced the willingness of dentists to treat this group of patients. METHODS Semi-structured interviews were used to explore the views of specialists and dentists involved in the South Australian Dental Service's Special Needs Network. Inductive thematic analysis identified emerging themes enabling completion of a SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats) analysis. RESULTS Dentists felt that a strength of the Network was a greater sense of collegiality, particularly for those working in rural areas. Although the inability to get immediate advice was seen as a weakness, dentists felt a more structured relationship with specialists improved communication pathways and resulted in more timely care. The aging workforce, systemic barriers in the public dental system, such as productivity pressures and infrastructure, and the lack of support from other health professionals were seen as ongoing barriers and threats. Regardless, dentists identified the use of telehealth and visiting specialists as future opportunities. Specialists felt that the Network was a valuable resource but were skeptical about its effectiveness, feeling that a limitation was the ability of dentists to recognize the complexity of cases. CONCLUSIONS Ongoing support from and communication with specialists in special needs dentistry through a structured network improved the perceived ability and willingness of dentists to treat patients with special needs. KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER STATEMENT This research suggests that providing support to dentists through a hub-and-spoke network that facilitates additional training, professional interaction, and improved communication with specialists in special needs dentistry may help overcome some of the current barriers to access to care experienced by individuals with special needs, particularly those associated with the willingness and capability of clinicians treat them.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A W T Lim
- Melbourne Dental School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Dental Services, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia.,Dental and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinic, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - S A C Liberali
- Special Needs Unit, Adelaide Dental Hospital, Adelaide, Australia.,Adelaide Dental School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - H Calache
- Melbourne Dental School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Deakin Health Economics, Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - P Parashos
- Melbourne Dental School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - G L Borromeo
- Melbourne Dental School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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Henry E, Brick A, Keegan C. A utilisation profile of publicly financed oral examinations in the Republic of Ireland. Community Dent Health 2021; 38:256-260. [PMID: 34218534 DOI: 10.1922/cdh_00382henry05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM To develop a utilisation profile for oral examinations performed under the remit of publicly financed dental services in the Republic of Ireland as a proxy for the overall level of service use. BASIC RESEARCH DESIGN Collation of data from multiple administrative datasets for 2018, and generation of an age-specific oral examination utilisation profile. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Age-specific oral examination rates per 1,000 population. RESULTS A total of 1,163,399 publicly financed oral examinations were performed. Comparably low population-adjusted oral examination rates were observed in the 0-15, 16-24 and 75+ age cohorts. CONCLUSIONS The National Oral Health Policy in Ireland aims to improve access to oral healthcare services across the life-course. Young children and older adults are highlighted as population subgroups with low levels of service eligibility and engagement, respectively. These results reinforce the need to focus on these age cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Henry
- Discipline of Economics, JE Cairnes School of Business and Economics, National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland
| | - A Brick
- Social Research Division, Economic and Social Research Institute, Ireland
| | - C Keegan
- Social Research Division, Economic and Social Research Institute, Ireland
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Di Blasio M, Vaienti B, Pedrazzi G, Cassi D, Magnifico M, Meneghello S, Di Blasio A. Are the Reasons Why Patients Are Referred for an Orthodontic Visit Correct? Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph18105201. [PMID: 34068382 PMCID: PMC8153563 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18105201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Who does refer patients for an orthodontic consultation? Which are the main reasons for the referral? Does the visit of the orthodontic specialist confirm these reasons or reveal undiagnosed problems? Is there the risk that only evident dental problems are addressed, while craniofacial malformations remain underdiagnosed? This cross-sectional epidemiologic study aims to answer these questions, analysing the clinical data collected during the orthodontic visits of 500 Caucasian young patients referred to a public health structure of northern Italy. All patients were visited by the same expert specialist in orthodontics. Clinical data were collected, analysing both dental and skeletal features. The reasons for the referral of the visit were analysed and compared with the specialistic diagnoses. In our sample, dentists, relatives/friends and paediatricians were the major source of the referrals, followed by family doctors and other facial specialists. In most cases, the reasons for the referral were dental irregularities, but approximately 80% of dental irregularities were associated with undiagnosed facial dysmorphism. Skeletal facial anomalies need an early diagnosis to prevent the development of severe facial malformations that would require invasive and expensive treatments. These findings reveal poor diagnostic skills regarding skeletal anomalies in dentists and paediatricians and the need for better specific training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Di Blasio
- University Center of Dentistry, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (B.V.); (M.M.); (S.M.)
- Correspondence: (M.D.B.); (A.D.B.); Tel.: +39-05-2103-3642 (A.D.B.)
| | - Benedetta Vaienti
- University Center of Dentistry, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (B.V.); (M.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Giuseppe Pedrazzi
- Unit of Neuroscience and Interdepartmental Center of Robust Statistics (Ro.S.A.), Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy;
| | - Diana Cassi
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Science, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy;
| | - Marisabel Magnifico
- University Center of Dentistry, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (B.V.); (M.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Sara Meneghello
- University Center of Dentistry, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (B.V.); (M.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Alberto Di Blasio
- University Center of Dentistry, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (B.V.); (M.M.); (S.M.)
- Correspondence: (M.D.B.); (A.D.B.); Tel.: +39-05-2103-3642 (A.D.B.)
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Oishi MM, Childs CA, Gluch JI, Marchini L. Delivery and financing of oral health care in long-term services and supports: A scoping review. J Am Dent Assoc 2021; 152:215-223.e2. [PMID: 33632411 DOI: 10.1016/j.adaj.2020.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The oral health of older adults requiring long-term services and supports is reported to be poor as there is no national standard of care for the provision of oral health care. The purpose of this scoping review was to understand the breadth of models of delivery and financing of oral health care in the full spectrum of long-term services and supports. TYPES OF STUDIES REVIEWED A literature search was performed in 4 electronic databases: MEDLINE via PubMed interface, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and AgeLine. Included articles were those that were regarding a nursing home population or dependent older adults living in the community, included a delivery or financing model for oral health care, and included an outcome measurement. RESULTS Sixteen articles were included in the review. Delivery mechanisms included onsite mobile oral health care at nursing homes and adult day health care centers for those living in the community or home visits for those who were homebound. Other mechanisms included teledentistry or using alternative workforce models such as certified public health dental hygienists. Numerous studies reported positive oral health outcomes when comprehensive care was provided in a variety of settings. Other reported outcomes included oral health stability, caries indexes, cost, and oral health-related quality of life. CONCLUSIONS AND PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS If providing onsite oral health care is not possible at facilities, programs can consider home visits, teledentistry, and alternative workforce models.
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Nemeth O, Orsos M, Simon F, Gaal P. An Experience of Public Dental Care during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Reflection and Analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:1915. [PMID: 33669480 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Since its emergence in China, the COVID-19 pandemic has become the number 1 health challenge in the world with all affected countries trying to learn from each other’s experiences. When it comes to health services, dental care does not seem to be a priority area, despite the fact that it is among the highest risk medical specialisations in terms of spreading the infection. Using the Department of Community Dentistry of Semmelweis University as a case study, the objective of this paper is to introduce and analyze the system and organizational level measures, which have been implemented in dental care in Hungary during the first months of the COVID-19 outbreak. The system level measures to promote social distancing, to reduce the use of health services and to protect high risk health professionals, together with the deployment of protective equipment and the reorganization of patient pathways at the organizational level proved to be effective in keeping the outbreak in control. There are two, less frequently mentioned ingredients of successful coping with the COVID-19 challenge. First, mental health support is at least as important as physical protection. Second, most of the interventions do not require big financial investments, but behavioural change, which in turn requires leadership and change management skills.
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Dalewski B, Palka L, Kiczmer P, Sobolewska E. The Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Outbreak on the Polish Dental Community's Standards of Care-A Six-Month Retrospective Survey-Based Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph18031281. [PMID: 33572669 PMCID: PMC7908176 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18031281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Currently, SARS-CoV-2 is the primary pathogen worldwide, disrupting most of our everyday activities. The study aim was to evaluate its impact on the Polish dental community, standards of care, health, and welfare. Methods: A Google Forms survey was conducted among 303 dental practitioners. Results: Of respondents, 54.93% curbed the number of patients in the last six months, 34.21% declared no changes, and 10.86% reported an increase; whereas 70.7% of the respondents reported a treatment price increase within the same period (27.96% and 1.32% reported no changes and a decrease, respectively). Of the respondents, 15.5% did not close their businesses during the first wave of the pandemic. Most declared 1 or 2 month break, 30.7% and 34.7%, respectively. Some reported 3, 4, or 5 month breaks (15.84%, 1.32%, and 0.99%, respectively), and only two respondents (0.66%) did not admit patients at all. Headache episodes were more frequent among female dentists before the pandemic; after the pandemic, headache frequency increased among both sexes. Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) were more frequent among women (p = 0.017). Conclusions: Most Polish dentists followed SARS-CoV-2 recommendations and restricted their practices to admitting only patients with pain or incomplete treatment. Decreased sleep parameters, head, back, and neck pain, were observed. This situation may affect dental health conditions in Polish society over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Dalewski
- Chair and Department of Dental Prosthetics, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (B.D.); (E.S.)
| | - Lukasz Palka
- Private Dental Practice, 68-200 Żary, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-608882535
| | - Paweł Kiczmer
- Department and Chair of Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Ewa Sobolewska
- Chair and Department of Dental Prosthetics, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (B.D.); (E.S.)
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Mantilla Rodriguez AA, Soto A, Martinez Mier EA. Redesign of an informed consent form to increase participation in a school-based dental program. J Public Health Dent 2020; 81:232-239. [PMID: 33378791 DOI: 10.1111/jphd.12437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study aimed to determine if modifications to the design of a consent form and consenting process increased participation rates in the Indiana University School of Dentistry's Mobile School-Based Dental Program (Seal Indiana). METHODS Kaizen methodology was followed to identify problem areas in the consenting process. Additionally, stakeholders were invited to participate in focus groups and fill out surveys to identify issues preventing participation in the Seal Indiana program (N = 48) and later to evaluate the changes made (N = 48). The redesigned form and process were then used in a pilot study at 14 sites to determine the impact that changes had on levels of participation as measured by the number of consent forms completed and returned. RESULTS There was a statistically significant increase in the number of consent forms returned. The measured change represented a 32 percent increase in program participation (P value = 0.035). A statistically significant increase was observed in how participants viewed the attractiveness of the form and how easy it was to read and comprehend. CONCLUSIONS In order to increase consenting rates, our results indicate modifications to the consent form should be focused on the following characteristics: esthetics, ease of reading and comprehending information, and making the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPPA) privacy regulations easier to read and comprehend.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres A Mantilla Rodriguez
- Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Armando Soto
- Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Community Dentistry, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - E Angeles Martinez Mier
- Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Fukuhara S, Asai K, Kakeno A, Umebachi C, Yamanaka S, Watanabe T, Yamazaki T, Nakao K, Setoh K, Kawaguchi T, Morita S, Nakayama T, Matsuda F, Bessho K. Association of Education and Depressive Symptoms with Tooth Loss. J Dent Res 2020; 100:361-368. [PMID: 33155502 DOI: 10.1177/0022034520969129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous evidence suggests the association of lower educational attainment and depressive symptoms with tooth loss. The hypothesis of this study was that these factors may exacerbate the effect on tooth loss beyond the sum of their individual effects. We aimed to clarify the independent and interactive effects of educational attainment and depressive symptoms on the number of missing teeth among community residents. Cross-sectional data of 9,647 individuals were collected from the general Japanese population. Dental examination was conducted by dentists. Educational attainment was categorized into 3 levels based on the number of educational years: ≤9, >9 to ≤12, and >12 y. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) was used to assess depressive symptoms; a total score of ≥16 and/or the use of medications for depression indicate the presence of depressive symptoms. In the multivariate analysis with adjustment for conventional risk factors, educational attainment was identified as a determinant of the number of missing teeth (>9 to ≤12 y of education: coefficient = 0.199, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.135 to 0.263, P < 0.001; ≤9 y of education: coefficient = 0.318, 95% CI, 0.231 to 0.405, P < 0.001: reference, >12 y of education). An analysis that included interaction terms revealed that the relationship between "≤9 y of education" and the number of missing teeth differed depending on the depressive symptoms, indicating a positive interactive association (coefficient for interaction = 0.198; 95% CI, 0.033 to 0.364, P for interaction = 0.019: reference, >12 y of education). Our study suggests the presence of a significant association between educational attainment and tooth loss, as well as a partial interactive association between "≤9 y of education" and "depressive symptoms" in the general Japanese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Fukuhara
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Asai
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - A Kakeno
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - C Umebachi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Yamanaka
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Watanabe
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Yamazaki
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Nakao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Setoh
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Kawaguchi
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Morita
- Department of Biomedical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Nakayama
- Department of Health Informatics, Kyoto University School of Public Health, Kyoto, Japan
| | - F Matsuda
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Bessho
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Abstract
Background: Dental professionals are at high risk of being infected by and transmitting COVID-19 to patients. Patients’ perceived risk for infection and attitudes about receiving dental care during the pandemic are important to understand as patients consider returning to routine dental care as the pandemic progresses. Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore dental patients’ perceptions of susceptibility to contracting COVID-19, their related attitudes and beliefs regarding dental care visits, and their considerations for returning to routine care during and after the pandemic. Method: Data for this cross-sectional study came from an electronic survey of 464 US adults. Survey variables include demographics, dental hygiene behaviors, perceived susceptibility to COVID-19, attitudes and beliefs regarding risk for attending dental appointments, and the necessary conditions and events for them to feel comfortable returning to regular dental appointments. Results: Over half of study participants had a 4-y degree, an annual income of at least $50,000, and good oral hygiene practices of frequent brushing and routine dental visits. Older age and agreement with positive attitudinal statements and beliefs about professional dental care were positively related to perceived susceptibility for contracting COVID-19 in a dental setting. Perceptions of susceptibility, a higher valuation of dentistry, and agreement that COVID-19 is a serious infection were each positively related to attitudinal statements and beliefs reflecting caution in attending dental visits. Last, assurance from public health officials confirming the safety to return for routine dental care was the largest reported factor necessary for a return to routine dental visits. Conclusion: This study provides early data about patient perceptions of susceptibility and attitudes toward COVID-19 in a professional dental setting and necessary conditions for returning to regular visits. This information can help formulate messaging related to returning to professional dental care, specifically targeting fears among the most susceptible populations. Knowledge Transfer Statement: Government and public health agencies can play an important role in alleviating concerns and instilling confidence that dental settings are safe. With this information from the public, dental professionals and public health agencies can work together to share messaging that will consistently inform the public regarding the safety of returning to professional dental care as it relates to the reopening of states and cities.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Moffat
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University, South Jordan, UT, USA.,Department of Public Health, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - C T Yentes
- Department of Public Health, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - B T Crookston
- Department of Public Health, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - J H West
- Department of Public Health, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
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Herlick KM, Martin RE, Brondani MA, Donnelly* LR. Perceptions of access to oral care at a community dental hygiene clinic for women involved with the criminal justice system. Can J Dent Hyg 2020; 54:133-143. [PMID: 33240373 PMCID: PMC7668268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women involved with the criminal justice system are often marginalized or vulnerable and may face oral health inequities. Through a community-engaged program at a Canadian university, dental hygiene students provided preventive care at an organization supporting this population. This study explored the impact of these oral care services from client and organization staff perspectives. METHODS One focus group with 6 clients, 2-person interviews with 4 clients, individual interviews with 3 clients, and one focus group with 4 organization staff members were conducted. Discussions were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed thematically. The concept of access, proposed by Penchansky and Thomas (1981) and Saurman (2015), was used as the conceptual framework to organize the themes. RESULTS Nine themes were identified from the focus group and interview discussions: limited options, convenience, realistic expectations, respect and attention, no judgement, physical environment, communication, clients' unique needs, and appropriate messaging. DISCUSSION The clinic's close proximity and services, for which women did not need to pay out-of-pocket, facilitated access to preventive care. The person-centred and trauma-informed care further facilitated access. However, access to comprehensive care through referrals was limited by cost and likely issues of stigmatization from other dental care providers. Clinic aesthetics, advertising, and communication between the students and women receiving care also hindered access. CONCLUSION Preventive oral care services provided at this clinic for marginalized and vulnerable women who have been involved with the criminal justice system were valued by clients and staff. Findings will help inform future community-based dental hygiene clinics for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen M Herlick
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ruth Elwood Martin
- School of Population and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Mario A Brondani
- Department Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Leeann R Donnelly*
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Abstract
COVID-19 is a novel viral respiratory disease caused by a member of the coronavirus family, SARS-CoV-2, and has been declared as a pandemic on March 2020. Dental practitioners are routinely exposed to infectious bodily excretions, for example, saliva, blood, and respiratory excretions. Therefore, they are in the first line of SARS-CoV-2 infection-prone health care providers. The purposes of the current review are to trace documented cases of COVID-19 transmission inside dental settings worldwide and to explore the clinical management of these cases.
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Teoh L, Thompson W, Suda K. Antimicrobial stewardship in dental practice. J Am Dent Assoc 2020; 151:589-595. [PMID: 32718488 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2020.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antibiotic resistance is a global public health problem that is responsible for increased patient morbidity and mortality and financial burden. Dental antibiotic prescribing contributes to approximately 10% of all antibiotic prescriptions, and an estimated 80% of that prescribing is deemed inappropriate. Dental antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) has an important role to play in international efforts to tackle antibiotic resistance. The aim of the authors was to comment on the implementation of AMS strategies in outpatient dental practices. METHODS The authors included previous studies regarding outpatient antibiotic stewardship, longitudinal studies quantifying dispensed dental antibiotic prescription use, and interventional studies aimed at implementing AMS interventions in dentistry. RESULTS Researchers in several studies conducted trials regarding the use of various interventions, mostly comprising a combination of audit, feedback, dissemination of guidelines, and educational components to improve dental prescribing. CONCLUSIONS AND PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS In regard to the establishment of an AMS strategy, aspects to be considered should include raising awareness about the risks of unnecessary use of antibiotics. Engaging and educating the entire dental team and patients, as well as collaborating with other specialized professionals, are important elements. Context-specific interventions with a methodical and measured approach are ideal.
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Soares GH, Santiago PHR, Werneck RI, Michel-Crosato E, Jamieson L. A Psychometric Network Analysis of OHIP-14 across Australian and Brazilian Populations. JDR Clin Trans Res 2020; 6:333-342. [PMID: 32692286 DOI: 10.1177/2380084420939931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the structural validity of the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) instrument in Indigenous and non-Indigenous populations from Australia and Brazil using a network analysis approach. METHODS Cross-sectional data collected using OHIP-14 were obtained for Indigenous and non-Indigenous populations from Australia and Brazil. Networks were estimated using the Gaussian graphical model. Items of the OHIP-14 instrument are represented as nodes and the partial correlations between items as edges. Dimensionality was assessed using exploratory graph analysis. Structural consistency and item stability were computed using a bootstrap sampling method. Standardized node strength across each dimension was also calculated. RESULTS Four dimensions were identified across all samples, although the item arrangement of most dimensions presented variation. Similarities with the theoretical domains of the instrument were found. Items from the conceptually derived OHIP-14 domains formed separated clusters or blended with other items in a single dimension. Most dimensions across all samples showed an acceptable structural consistency. Item stability revealed some discrepancies among items of dimensions of both Indigenous networks. CONCLUSION The psychometric network perspective adopted in this study provides validation of the OHIP-14 structure in Indigenous and non-Indigenous populations. The structural consistency and item stability analyses showed that both Indigenous networks present a higher number of cross-domain items and less defined boundaries between dimensions. These findings indicate that OHIP-14 does not measure attributes in the same extent among different cultures. KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER STATEMENT This study demonstrates a new analytical framework from which to conceptualize and interpret the construct oral health-related quality of life using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). Network graphs facilitate knowledge translation of findings to professionals with no expertise in psychometric methods. OHIP-14 is a valuable tool to oral health research and clinical practice. Differences in conceptions of health may influence the extent that the instrument measures oral health impacts. Consequently, dimension scores do not always provide appropriate measures and should be avoided in research reports and assessments of treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- G H Soares
- University of São Paulo Dental School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - P H R Santiago
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - R I Werneck
- School of Health and Bioscience, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - L Jamieson
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Giudice A, Barone S, Muraca D, Averta F, Diodati F, Antonelli A, Fortunato L. Can Teledentistry Improve the Monitoring of Patients during the Covid-19 Dissemination? A Descriptive Pilot Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:E3399. [PMID: 32414126 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17103399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this pilot study was to describe the advantages of telemedicine (TM) in dental practice during the current national emergency condition due to the Covid-19 dissemination. At Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology—Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, regional reference center for Covid-19—two groups of patients were determined: patients with urgent conditions (group U) and patients in follow-up (group F). Both groups were instructed to implement remote consultations using a messaging service (WhatsApp Messenger, WhatsApp Inc., Mountain View, California, USA) to send photos. A total of 418 photos were collected by 57 patients. Thirty-four photos were obtained by five patients in the U group after surgical procedures. All patients sent photos on the established evening, except for two patients who sent two photos outside the set days. In the F group, 384 photos were collected by 52 patients. None of them sent more photos than the number that was established by the protocol. Telemedicine allowed a monitoring of all patients, reducing costs and limiting human contact, decreasing the risk of Covid-19 dissemination.
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Song Y, Luzzi L, Chrisopoulos S, Brennan D. Dentist-patient relationships and oral health impact in Australian adults. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2020; 48:309-316. [PMID: 32285512 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dentist-patient relationships (DPRs) are a key component in clinical encounters with potential benefits for oral health outcomes. This study aimed to investigate whether better DPR variables are associated with higher oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). METHODS A total of 12 245 adults aged 18 years or over were randomly sampled from South Australia in 2015-2016. Data were collected from self-complete questionnaires and analysed as a cross-sectional design. The outcome variable was the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). Explanatory DPR variables included trust in dentists, satisfaction with dental care, and dental fear. Covariates comprising oral health behaviours, dental services, demographics, and socioeconomic status were included as potential confounding variables. Bivariate correlation analyses and multivariable linear regression were performed for the associations among explanatory, outcome variables and other covariates. RESULTS Response data were analysed from 4220 participants (response rate = 41.9%). Unadjusted mean total scores of DPR variables and OHIP-14 were associated with most of the study participants' characteristics (P < .05). Bivariate correlations among DPR variables and OHIP-14 showed a diverse range of coefficients (|r| or |ρ|=0.22-0.67). Multivariable regression analyses in both individual/clustered block entry and full model indicated that higher satisfaction and less dental fear (B = -0.039 and 0.316, respectively in the full model) were associated with lower OHIP-14 after adjusting for possible confounders (P < .01). CONCLUSIONS This study found that favourable DPR variables, mainly greater satisfaction and less dental fear are positively associated with better OHRQoL. Further studies are warranted to investigate the causality and mediation/moderation of DPR variables on oral health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- YoungHa Song
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Liana Luzzi
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Sergio Chrisopoulos
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - David Brennan
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Salim NA, Maayta W, ElSa'aideh BB. The oral health of refugees: Issues and challenges arising from a case series analysis. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2020; 48:195-200. [PMID: 32119751 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Little is known of the oral health of refugees globally. The objective of this study was to characterize the oral health and care-seeking behaviours of refugees by investigating patterns of dental services provided to Syrian refugees in Jordan and their association with their oral health status. METHODS Clinical records from 444 patients who had received dental treatment over a 9-month period were retrieved and analysed. Collected data included gender, age and the type and number of treatment procedures provided for each patient. RESULTS Of the total sample (51.8% female; 48.2% male; aged 18-60 years), pain was the most common presenting complaint (73.0%), with poor aesthetics (17.1%) the second most common presenting complaint. About 63.3% of patients received only one procedure due to patients' lack of follow-up. Over half (54.5%) of dental treatments carried out were extractions, 74.1% of which were due to dental caries; 27.4% were fillings. Endodontic treatment was the least provided procedure (18.2%). CONCLUSIONS The oral health status of Syrian refugees is a major concern, given the often-deplorable living conditions in camps and limited, often inadequate access to oral healthcare services. This situation dramatically negatively affects a refugee's oral health. There is an urgent need to provide targeted dental services for this at-risk population. Additional research is warranted on refugees worldwide, and on the provision of appropriate interventions to enable optimal oral health for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesreen A Salim
- Prosthodontics Department, School of Dentistry, Consultant in Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics, Jordan University Hospital, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Wajd Maayta
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Resident, Jordan University Hospital, Amman, Jordan
| | - Batool B ElSa'aideh
- General Dental Practitioner, School of Dentistry, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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Dell'Olio F, Capodiferro S, Lorusso P, Limongelli L, Tempesta A, Massaro M, Grasso S, Favia G. Light Conscious Sedation in Patients with Previous Acute Myocardial Infarction Needing Exodontia: An Observational Study. Cureus 2019; 11:e6508. [PMID: 32025429 PMCID: PMC6988723 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.6508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim This study evaluated a protocol of light conscious sedation for multimodal analgesia in patients with a clinical history of acute myocardial infarction requiring tooth extraction and to assess postoperative pain by using the quantity intake of acetaminophen as the indicator. Material and methods All 50 patients received preliminary anxiolysis via oral chlordemethyldiazepam administration. After 15 to 20 minutes, only patients reporting they were not fully relaxed received additional intravenous diazepam before tooth extraction. Acetaminophen 1000 mg was suggested as the preferred postoperative analgesic drug. Results The studied patients included 39 women and 11 men with a mean age of 69.4 ± 17.1 years. They were classified according to the American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status classification system as follows: 12 patients belonging to class II, 32 patient to class III, and the remaining six to class IV. Based on the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale, six patients were phobic and seven anxious. Nevertheless, intravenous conscious sedation was needed in 23 patients via diazepam. The first day after surgery, 76% of patients took acetaminophen, and 58% took acetaminophen the second day, with a mean two-day total intake of acetaminophen of 1020 ± 789 mg/day. Stratified statistical analysis was performed and revealed that 60.87% of patients receiving intravenous diazepam needed to take acetaminophen on the first day after dental extraction in contrast to the 88.89% of patients who did not receive intravenous diazepam (χ2 test; P = .021). Conclusions Our data suggest that anxiety related to dental procedures is widespread, although often unmentioned by patients. Moreover, the percentage of patients needing analgesics during the first 24 hours following surgery demonstrated that overall perioperative pain might be controlled by the light conscious sedation protocol for patients with previous acute myocardial infarction proposed in the current study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Dell'Olio
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, ITA
| | - Saverio Capodiferro
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, ITA
| | | | - Luisa Limongelli
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, ITA
| | - Angela Tempesta
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, ITA
| | - Maria Massaro
- Emergency Department, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, ITA
| | | | - Gianfranco Favia
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, ITA
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Suresan V, Jnaneswar A, Swati SP, Jha K, Goutham BS, Kumar G. The impact of outreach programs on academics development, personal development and civic responsibilities of dental students in Bhubaneswar city. J Educ Health Promot 2019; 8:188. [PMID: 31867373 PMCID: PMC6796316 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_56_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inequalities persists in distribution, accessibility, and utilization of oral health services between urban and rural population. One approach to lessen this inequality is by incorporating rural outreach programs in the academic curriculum of health-care professionals. OBJECTIVES The objective of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of outreach programs on academic development, personal development, and civic responsibilities of dental students and also to assess the changes in the domain scores within and between genders postintervention. METHODOLOGY The study population consisted of 100 dental students. The study methodology followed a before and after without control informal experimental study designs. At baseline, the participants were administered pretested structured questionnaire developed by D. Diaz Gallegos. Intervention involved posting participants in various rural outreach activities and academic field visits in various public health installations. A postintervention questionnaire developed by Anu F. Shinnamon et al. was administered to assess the change from the baseline. The change in domain scores was assessed using paired and unpaired t-test appropriately. P ≤ 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. RESULTS The baseline scores of academic, personal, and civic domains were 6.05 ± 2.44, 8.04 ± 2.84, and 6.36 ± 2.23 which increased to 6.52 ± 2.10, 13.56 ± 3.44, and 8.55 ± 2.71 postintervention, respectively (P ≤ 0.05). When comparing within genders, there was increase from the baseline, and this change in the scores postintervention was statistically significant (P = 0.001). The mean scores of all three domains between genders were statistically insignificant. CONCLUSION The outreach programs developed and enhanced the subject's academic skills, leadership qualities, self-confidence, communication skills, managerial skills, and responsibilities toward the rural community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Suresan
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Kalinga Institute of Dental Science, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Avinash Jnaneswar
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Kalinga Institute of Dental Science, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - S. P. Swati
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Kalinga Institute of Dental Science, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Kunal Jha
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Kalinga Institute of Dental Science, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Bala Subramanya Goutham
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Kalinga Institute of Dental Science, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Gunjan Kumar
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Kalinga Institute of Dental Science, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Hede B, Thiesen H, Christensen LB. A program review of a community-based oral health care program for socially vulnerable and underserved citizens in Denmark. Acta Odontol Scand 2019; 77:364-370. [PMID: 30777469 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2019.1572921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe the oral health and oral health-related quality of life among social vulnerable adults enrolled in a special oral care program, and to evaluate the effect of oral care on their oral health-related quality of life. METHOD Social workers identified social vulnerable persons in social centres and referred them to the program. Dental clinics were arranged including a well-motivated staff to be special responsive to these clients. The participants, (n = 235, mean age 43.5 years) with drug abuse, being homeless, permanently unemployed, or with mental problems were offered low-cost treatment services. Data collection was made by clinical registration and questionnaires. Oral health-related quality of life was measured by means of the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 index (OHIP-14). RESULTS 94% of the participants had actual decayed teeth (mean 9.5). Forty-four per cent had not visited a dentist within 5 years and less than one-third reported tooth brushing twice a day, 17% even less frequent. One hundred and forty-six completed the dental program within the program period. Mean OHIP-14 score was 28.6 at baseline. Among those who fulfilled the program, the OHIP-14 score was reduced to 9.9 (p < .001). CONCLUSION Oral health among the study population was very poor. However, oral problems in this group can be solved, and their oral health-related quality of life can be increased although it requires special arrangements and special clinical environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Hede
- Department for Special Care Dentistry, Municipality of Copenhagen. Denmark, Copenhagen V, Denmark
- Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - H. Thiesen
- Municipality of Copenhagen, HealthTeam for the Homeless, Copenhagen S, Denmark
| | - L. B. Christensen
- Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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Lee GY, Koh SB, Kim NH. Regular dental scaling associated with decreased tooth loss in the middle-aged and elderly in Korea: A 3-year prospective longitudinal study. Indian J Dent Res 2019; 30:231-237. [PMID: 31169155 DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_566_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Context Tooth loss exacerbates the deterioration of physical function and induces illness. Numerous studies have identified the risk factors for tooth loss, and several have identified an association of tooth loss with sociodemographic factors, general health status, and lifestyle. Aims The objective of the present cohort study was to elucidate the relationship between regular dental scaling and tooth loss in middle-aged and elderly individuals in Korea. Settings and Design The study was 3-year prospective longitudinal study and conducted in Wonju-si of South Korea. Methods In total, 557 subjects (219 men, 338 women; 40-75 years) were included in our 3-year follow-up survey (2010-2014). Data from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study on Atherosclerosis Risk of Rural Areas in the Korean General Population (KOGES-ARIRANG) were used. All subjects underwent an oral examination and face-to-face interview for taking oral health behavior, sociodemographic status, and the utilization of dental service. Statistical Analysis Used Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the effects of regular dental scaling on tooth loss after adjusting for history of oral examinations and dental visits, oral health behavior, and sociodemographic status. Results In total, 263 subjects (47.2%) experienced a loss of one or more teeth during the 3-year period, and lost a mean of 1.54 ± 2.53 teeth. The incidence of tooth loss was 1.87 (1.03-3.38) times higher in participants who did not undergo dental scaling during the 3-year period than in those who regularly received dental scaling. Conclusions This study showed the potential causal relationship between tooth loss and regular dental scaling for preventing oral disease. Further study is needed to consolidate the evidence that regular dental scaling is effective in preventing tooth loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ga Yeong Lee
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Baek Koh
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, Korea
| | - Nam Hee Kim
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, Korea
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Smith PD, Thullen M, Evans C, Koerber A, Weatherspoon D. Benefits and Challenges of Partner Site Engagement with Community-Based Dental Education Programs: The Partner Sites' Perspectives. J Dent Educ 2019; 83:1012-1018. [PMID: 30962314 DOI: 10.21815/jde.019.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this qualitative study was to examine the perspectives of key personnel at partner sites providing community learning experiences to dental students to gain more understanding of the effects that community-based programs have on the sites themselves. Fourteen semi-structured interviews were conducted in 2015 with individuals from nine extramural sites. Interviewees had a range of roles from clinicians to CEOs, with six also reporting they were faculty preceptors. Three of the researchers developed a coding scheme focused on the benefits and challenges that community sites experience from participating in a community-based dental education (CBDE) program. Each coder then reviewed the interview transcripts independently before final group discussions and recoding to agreement. The main themes related to benefits were recruiting future dentists, staying current with clinical developments, sites' indirectly improving their missions by exposing students to broader roles of oral health providers, raising awareness regarding the need for dentistry in community settings, and nurturing a positive workplace environment. The main themes related to challenges were balancing education and training for students with clinical demands, communication with the university, and managing distinctive clinical and professional characteristics of students. This study's participants reported that the main benefit of CBDE for partner sites was dentist recruitment. The study also provided insights for both partner sites and dental schools to consider when developing and maintaining these partnerships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick D Smith
- Patrick D. Smith, DMD, MPH, is Clinical Assistant Professor, Division of Prevention and Public Health Sciences, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Dentistry; Matthew Thullen, PhD, is Program Officer for Evaluation, Illinois Children's Healthcare Foundation; Caswell Evans, DDS, MPH, is Associate Dean for Prevention and Public Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Dentistry; Anne Koerber, DDS, PhD, is Professor and Director of Educational Assessment, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Dentistry; and Darien Weatherspoon, DDS, MPH, is Director, Health Disparities Research Program, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research.
| | - Matthew Thullen
- Patrick D. Smith, DMD, MPH, is Clinical Assistant Professor, Division of Prevention and Public Health Sciences, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Dentistry; Matthew Thullen, PhD, is Program Officer for Evaluation, Illinois Children's Healthcare Foundation; Caswell Evans, DDS, MPH, is Associate Dean for Prevention and Public Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Dentistry; Anne Koerber, DDS, PhD, is Professor and Director of Educational Assessment, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Dentistry; and Darien Weatherspoon, DDS, MPH, is Director, Health Disparities Research Program, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research
| | - Caswell Evans
- Patrick D. Smith, DMD, MPH, is Clinical Assistant Professor, Division of Prevention and Public Health Sciences, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Dentistry; Matthew Thullen, PhD, is Program Officer for Evaluation, Illinois Children's Healthcare Foundation; Caswell Evans, DDS, MPH, is Associate Dean for Prevention and Public Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Dentistry; Anne Koerber, DDS, PhD, is Professor and Director of Educational Assessment, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Dentistry; and Darien Weatherspoon, DDS, MPH, is Director, Health Disparities Research Program, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research
| | - Anne Koerber
- Patrick D. Smith, DMD, MPH, is Clinical Assistant Professor, Division of Prevention and Public Health Sciences, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Dentistry; Matthew Thullen, PhD, is Program Officer for Evaluation, Illinois Children's Healthcare Foundation; Caswell Evans, DDS, MPH, is Associate Dean for Prevention and Public Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Dentistry; Anne Koerber, DDS, PhD, is Professor and Director of Educational Assessment, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Dentistry; and Darien Weatherspoon, DDS, MPH, is Director, Health Disparities Research Program, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research
| | - Darien Weatherspoon
- Patrick D. Smith, DMD, MPH, is Clinical Assistant Professor, Division of Prevention and Public Health Sciences, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Dentistry; Matthew Thullen, PhD, is Program Officer for Evaluation, Illinois Children's Healthcare Foundation; Caswell Evans, DDS, MPH, is Associate Dean for Prevention and Public Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Dentistry; Anne Koerber, DDS, PhD, is Professor and Director of Educational Assessment, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Dentistry; and Darien Weatherspoon, DDS, MPH, is Director, Health Disparities Research Program, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Strategies are needed to improve recruitment of low-income adolescents into oral health studies. OBJECTIVES In this study, we assessed the feasibility of recruiting Medicaid-enrolled adolescents into a neighborhood-level oral health study using Medicaid enrollment files and to evaluate the degree of bias in the final recruited study population. METHODS We obtained Medicaid enrollment files from the Oregon Health Authority for 15,440 Medicaid enrollees aged 12 to 17 y from Multnomah, Hood River, and Tillamook counties. We attempted to contact the primary caregiver of each adolescent by telephone, and we tracked contact, recruitment, enrollment, and study completion rates. We further assessed if these rates were different across county-level rurality, neighborhood-level income, and caregiver-level language preference (Spanish vs. English). The Pearson chi-square test was used to compare rates (α = 0.05). We contacted 6,202 caregivers (40.2%), recruited 738 adolescents (11.9%), enrolled 335 (45.4%), and had complete data for 284 (84.8%). The overall enrollment yield from contacted caregivers was 5.4%. Contact rates did not differ significantly by rurality (P = 0.897), but they were significantly lower in the lowest-income neighborhoods (P = 0.023). Recruitment rates were significantly higher for adolescents from rural counties (P = 0.001), but they did not differ by income or language preference. Enrollment rates were significantly higher among adolescents from rural counties (P < 0.001) and were significantly associated with income (P = 0.041), but they were not different by language preference (P = 0.083). Among participants with complete data, there were no differences by rurality or income, but a significantly larger proportion of adolescents with complete data had caregivers with a language preference for Spanish (P = 0.043). RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS It is feasible to recruit Medicaid-enrolled adolescents into a neighborhood oral health study through the use of Medicaid files. County-, neighborhood-, and caregiver-level factors may influence characteristics of the final study population. Additional research is needed to improve recruitment of Medicaid enrollees into neighborhood oral health studies. KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER STATEMENT Researchers can use the results of this study to plan neighborhood-level oral health studies involving recruitment of low-income adolescents. Findings further underscore the importance of assessing factors related to recruitment to evaluate participant bias and the generalizability of study findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Basson
- 1 Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - M Yoo
- 1 Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - D L Chi
- 1 Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Tomazoni F, Vettore MV, Baker SR, Ardenghi TM. Can a School-Based Intervention Improve the Oral Health-Related Quality of Life of Brazilian Children? JDR Clin Trans Res 2019; 4:229-238. [PMID: 30931715 DOI: 10.1177/2380084418816984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Evidence of the effectiveness of oral health promotion strategies among children from different socioeconomic backgrounds is necessary to support the implementation of public health interventions. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to test the effectiveness of a school-based intervention to enhance the sense of coherence (SOC) and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of socially vulnerable Brazilian children. Furthermore, we explored the pathways by which the intervention may improve OHRQoL and SOC, assessing the direct and indirect pathways among demographic, clinical, socioeconomic, behavioral, and psychosocial variables. METHODS In this cluster-randomized trial, 5 primary schools in Brazil were randomly allocated into intervention and control groups. The intervention comprised 7 sessions of SOC-based activities over 2 mo, which focused on making the school environment a place to develop children's SOC through involving teachers, school staff, and children. Trained teachers delivered the intervention. OHRQoL and SOC data were collected at baseline, 2 wk after the intervention, and at 3-mo follow-up. RESULTS Information about oral clinical conditions, socioeconomic status, OHRQoL, and SOC was obtained from 356 children aged 8 to 14 y (165 in the intervention group and 191 in the control group). Children from the SOC-based intervention group reported fewer impacts of their oral health on their daily lives (Child Perceptions Questionnaire mean, 7.22) than those from the control group (9.14). The intervention group also reported greater improvement of SOC at 2 wk (SOC mean, 52.98) and 3 mo (52.75) than the control group (52.21 and 51.65, respectively). CONCLUSION The intervention was effective in improving SOC and OHRQoL among socially vulnerable Brazilian children. Moreover, SOC was a relevant predictor for oral symptom and functional status in this population (Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry RBR-2N9NHJ). KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER STATEMENT Clinicians and policy makers can use the results of this study to decide which approach to use when planning public health policy to improve the SOC and OHRQoL of socially vulnerable children. Our findings can assist policy makers in making more appropriate community health decisions in school environments that will improve community empowerment.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Tomazoni
- 1 Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - M V Vettore
- 2 Academic Unit of Oral Health, Dentistry and Society, School of Clinical Dentistry, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - S R Baker
- 2 Academic Unit of Oral Health, Dentistry and Society, School of Clinical Dentistry, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - T M Ardenghi
- 1 Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
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Pateman KA, Weerakoon AT, Batstone MD, Ford PJ. A culture shock in dental hygiene: Exploring the management of oral health after head and neck cancer. Int J Dent Hyg 2018; 17:183-191. [PMID: 30506841 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Managing oral health after the treatment for head and neck cancer requires meticulous daily oral hygiene practices and regular professional dental care; however, the individual factors and health system structures required to achieve oral health are often not well considered. This study aimed to explore how oral health was understood and managed after head and neck cancer treatment and identify factors that influenced oral health behaviours and dental service utilization. METHODS A qualitative, inductive approach was used for data collection and analysis. Sampling of participants was purposive, using a maximum variation approach, and data were analysed using thematic analysis. Participants were recruited from the maxillofacial clinic at a tertiary facility in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. RESULTS Twenty-one participants took part in the study. Findings described individual and structural factors that influenced the management of oral health post-treatment. Individual determinants of oral health behaviours included a cognitive shift towards lifelong oral health; management of unexpected barriers; and management of competing priorities. Structural factors included availability, accessibility of services, and continuity of care. The ability to fund oral health emerged as a salient theme that influenced both individual and structural factors. CONCLUSIONS Strong self-efficacy and financial and spousal support enhanced the management of oral health, whereas difficulty managing competing issues post-treatment, such as psychological and financial stress, limited participants' capacity to prioritize and manage oral health. Policy initiatives are needed to address the structural barriers caused by a lack of timely access to general and preventive dental care post-treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey A Pateman
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Arosha T Weerakoon
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Martin D Batstone
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Pauline J Ford
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Meurman
- 1 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - G McKenna
- 2 Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - H Murtomaa
- 1 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - M Nakao
- 3 GC Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Ogawa
- 4 WHO Collaborating Centre for Translation of Oral Health Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - A Walls
- 5 Edinburgh Dental Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - D Williams
- 6 Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK
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