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Lee OE, Shin H. Social Workers' Perspectives on Socially Isolated Older Adults Living with a Robot Companion. J Gerontol Soc Work 2024:1-18. [PMID: 38643400 DOI: 10.1080/01634372.2024.2339974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Addressing depression and social isolation among solo-living older adults in South Korea requires a multi-faceted approach. This study aims to explore the advantages and obstacles of a robotic elder care program by analyzing social workers' viewpoints regarding interactions between older adults and a companion robot named Hyodol. Through the purposive sampling method, we conducted comprehensive interviews with 10 social workers who are pioneering the integration of robots in elder care. The study participants observed and compared the demographic characteristics of users and non-users, elucidated usage patterns, described the roles of robot companions, and shared remarkable instances. Overall, the experiences of these social workers underscored the positive influence of Hyodol in offering companionship, care, and emotional support, especially in circumstances where clients experienced isolation or lacked regular family interactions. In addition, social workers' perspectives hold significant value in comprehending the genuine effects of anthropomorphism - the inclination to attribute human-like qualities and emotions to robots. Our investigation revealed the existence of two distinct modes of personification among older adults, which we have labeled as "imagination" and "projection."
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Affiliation(s)
- Othelia EunKyoung Lee
- School of Social Work, UNC Charlotte College of Health and Human Services, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
| | - Heesun Shin
- Graduate School of Science and Technology Policy, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea
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Wang W, Zhang J, Thompson WL. Confucianism and Gender Ratios of Suicide in the World: A WHO Data-Based Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:2188. [PMID: 36767554 PMCID: PMC9915370 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study explores how Confucianism affects suicide rates by gender. Data for the study come from the World Health Organization document "Suicide Worldwide in 2019", which provides frequency and gender ratios for suicide rates in 183 member countries. One-way ANOVA and multiple linear regression analysis were used to examine potential differences in suicide rates and male to female ratio of suicides. Independent variables include region, income level, culture, and Confucian values that may be related to suicide. Suicide rates for Confucian countries do not show significant differences from European countries. However, these countries have lower suicide gender ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Sociology and Criminal Justice, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Department of Sociology, State University of New York at Buffalo State, Buffalo, NY 14222, USA
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Jeong K, Yoon J, Lee S, Cho S, Woo H, Kim S. Changes in the Suicide Rate of Older Adults According to Gender, Age, and Region in South Korea from 2010 to 2017. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:2333. [DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10112333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: South Korea’s suicide rates are the highest among Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries, making it one of the most important societal issues in South Korea. Methods: the statistics on causes of death and resident registration central population (RRCP) provided by the National Statistical Office were used to calculate the suicide rate among older adults in Korea. We examined gender (male, female), age (young–old, old–old), and region (urban, rural) by conducting latent growth modeling to estimate changes in the overall older adult suicide rate and verify its relationship. Results: over a period of 8 years, the older adult suicide rate was 104.232 on average in 2010 and it decreased by approximately 10.317 every year, and the rate of decrease gradually slowed down. The initial value of the older adult suicide rate was found to be higher among males, the old–old group, and those living in rural regions. In the quadratic function change rate, only males and the old–old group were statistically significant. Conclusion: in this study, the direction of and the rate of change in the older adult suicide rates and the relationship between gender, age, and region were examined. It is expected that this study will provide basic data to assist in establishing older adult suicide prevention policies, considering the gender, age, and region of the aging population.
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Lee J, Jeon GS. [A Longitudinal Study of the Reciprocal Relationship between Depression and Income among Korean Older Men and Women]. J Korean Acad Nurs 2022; 52:451-463. [PMID: 36117305 DOI: 10.4040/jkan.22052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study examined the reciprocal relationships between depression and income, and gender differences in these relationships among older adults in South Korea. METHODS Using 2015 to 2019 of the Korea Welfare Panel Study (KoWePS), we studied 6,070 older adults (2,394 men and 3,676 women) aged 60 years over in 2015. The generalized estimating equation was employed to explore the effect of an individual income on depression and the reverse causal link-that of depression on income. RESULTS The study found the reciprocal relationships between income and depression. Income has a significant impact on depression. Higher-income was linked to decreased risks of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scores among older adults (B = -0.121, p < 0.001). Estimates of the reverse causal link show that higher CES-D scores were also linked to income reduction among Korean older adults (B = -0.007, p < 0.001). In addition, we also observed gender differences in the impact of income on depression but not in the reverse causal link. Income has more detrimental to psychological consequence for older men (B = -0.108, p < 0.001) than older women (B = -0.057, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The finding implies that both psychological and social protection policies for the elderly are needed in view of gender perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Lee
- Department of Nursing, Chodang University, Muan, Korea
| | - Gyeong-Suk Jeon
- Department of Nursing, Mokpo National University, Muan, Korea.
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Kim S, Jeon H, Park J. The Association of Physical and Mental Illness and Self-Harm Resulting in Hospitalization: A Population-Based Study of Older Adults in South Korea. IJERPH 2022; 19:ijerph19148303. [PMID: 35886166 PMCID: PMC9319923 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Self-harm injury among older adults is a pressing problem that demands social attention in South Korea. This study sought to identify the association between physical and mental illness and hospitalization following self-harm injuries, compared to non-self-harm injuries, among older adults living in Korea. We analyzed individuals aged 65 and older who were admitted to hospitals either for self-harm or non-self-harm from a population-based survey of the Korea National Hospital Discharge In-depth Injury Survey (KNHDIS). A logistic regression analysis was performed. Compared with non-self-harm-related hospitalization, self-harm hospitalization was associated with higher odds of depression, other disorders of the nervous system, malignancies, alcohol misuse and dependence, and drug-related dependence. Dementia, anxiety disorder, diabetes, arthritis, cerebral palsy, and other paralytic syndromes had a lower likelihood of leading to self-harm than non-self-harm hospitalization. The findings of this study can inform medical professionals to identify older adults with a heightened risk of self-harming behavior leading to hospitalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangmi Kim
- Department of Health Management, Jeonju University, Jeonju-si 55069, Korea;
| | - Haesang Jeon
- Department of Social Welfare, Jeonju University, Jeonju-si 55069, Korea
- Correspondence:
| | - Joonhyeog Park
- Department of Social Welfare, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
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Silva IGD, Maranhão TA, Sousa GJB, Silva TL, Araujo GADS, Sousa DDB, Pereira MLD. Dinâmica temporal e espacial e fatores relacionados à mortalidade por suicídio entre idosos. J bras psiquiatr 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/0047-2085000000367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a dinâmica temporal e espacial e os fatores associados à mortalidade por suicídio entre idosos (≥60 anos de idade) no Nordeste do Brasil. Métodos: Estudo ecológico que analisou os óbitos por suicídio ocorridos entre idosos na região Nordeste do Brasil, no período de 2010 a 2019. Foram realizadas análise temporal por Joinpoint , análise espacial segundo município de residência e análise multivariada pelo modelo Ordinary Least Squares Estimation , considerando-se p < 0,05. Resultados: No período analisado, foi observado crescimento significativo de 3,0% (IC95%: 1,1-4,9; p < 0,001) ao ano na mortalidade por suicídio. Espacialmente, as taxas mais elevadas foram observadas prioritariamente em municípios do Piauí, Ceará e Rio Grande do Norte. Foram identificados quatro clusters de suicídio estatisticamente significativos (p < 0,001). O cluster primário (2010-2019) abrangeu 141 municípios do Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte e Paraíba, que apresentaram risco 2,3 vezes maior de ocorrência de suicídio quando comparados aos demais municípios da região. Os indicadores índice de Gini (β = 14,02; p = 0,01), taxa de analfabetismo (β = 0,20; p < 0,001) e taxa de envelhecimento (β = 0,36; p = 0,02) apresentaram associação positiva com o suicídio entre idosos, enquanto razão de dependência (β = -0,31; p < 0,001) e taxa de desocupação (β = -0,25; p < 0,001) apresentaram associação negativa. Conclusão: Houve aumento significativo do suicídio entre idosos na região Nordeste, com maior concentração em quatro clusters espaciais localizados prioritariamente no Ceará, Paraíba, Piauí e Rio Grande do Norte. A associação com indicadores socioeconômicos reforça aspectos de vulnerabilidade dos idosos a esse tipo de agravo e auxilia na formulação de propostas de intervenções que promovam a sua redução.
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Ordóñez-Monak I, Arroyave I, Cardona D. Educational inequalities in suicide in a middle-income country: A socioeconomic approach of mental health. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2021; 51:289-300. [PMID: 33373083 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.12704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This research aims to describe trends in inequalities in suicide mortality by educational level in Colombia between 1998 and 2015. METHOD Standardized suicide mortality rates (SMR) were calculated by educational level, sex, and age in adult men and women over 25 years of age. Poisson regression models were used to calculate the RR (rate ratio) with those highly educated as a reference, and the RII (relative index of inequality). RESULTS The number of reported deaths by suicide between 1998 and 2015 was 24,654, of which 84.7% were men. By age-group, 48.5% of suicides were among young adult men and women (25-44). Men had higher suicide rates than women (SMR men = 10.44/100,000; SMR women = 1.72/100,000). The age-standardized mortality rates (SMR) were higher in the groups with the lowest educational level in both sexes and all age-groups, except for senior adult women (65+). Broadly, while SMR reduced throughout most of the period, inequalities grew. CONCLUSIONS We found that the educational inequities associated with suicide in Colombia grew slightly. This suggests the need to work on suicide prevention strategies that go beyond the individual risk factors. Socioeconomic issues need to be considered as a key tool to prevent suicide by improving peoples' quality of life and their mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivonne Ordóñez-Monak
- Health Equity Research Group- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Ivan Arroyave
- National School of Public Health, University of Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Doris Cardona
- School of Graduates, CES University, Medellin, Colombia
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Olibamoyo O, Ola B, Coker O, Adewuya A, Onabola A. Trends and patterns of suicidal behaviour in Nigeria: Mixed-methods analysis of media reports from 2016 to 2019. S Afr J Psychiatr 2021; 27:1572. [PMID: 33824754 PMCID: PMC8008030 DOI: 10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v27i0.1572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Media coverage of suicides in Nigeria appears to be explicitly descriptive and deviates from the recommended best practice. Despite these shortcomings, verifiable information provided by these media outlets could arguably, at the minimum, mirror the reality of the trends and patterns of suicidal behaviour in Nigeria. AIM This study aimed to analyse the trends and patterns of suicidal behaviour in Nigeria using media reports from 2016 to 2019. We examined the effect of gender and age groups on these trends and patterns of suicidal behaviour. SETTING The study was carried out in Nigeria. METHODS Qualitative content analysis was used to assess the content of each verifiable suicide event. In total, 336 verified suicide-related events were selected from 4365 media reports. Quantitative data were collected on age, gender, type of suicidal behaviour, method, place and motivation for suicidal behaviour. Data were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software. Fisher's exact test was used to examine the association between gender, age groups and other variables. p-value was set at ≤ 0.05. RESULTS Completed suicide was the most common reported suicidal behaviour. Hanging was the dominant reported method, followed by poisoning. Significant gender differences were observed between age groups (p < 0.001) and methods of suicidal behaviour (p < 0.001). Also, significant age differences were observed between the methods of suicidal behaviour (p < 0.001), places (p < 0.001) and motivations for suicidal behaviour (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The study confirms that there are gender and age differences in the trends and patterns of suicidal behaviour in Nigeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olushola Olibamoyo
- Department of Behavioural Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Bolanle Ola
- Department of Behavioural Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Olurotimi Coker
- Department of Behavioural Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Abiodun Adewuya
- Department of Behavioural Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Lagos, Nigeria
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