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Wright KM, Marshall J, Wright PJ, Holden NJ. Vacuolar localisation of anthocyanin pigmentation in microgreen cotyledons of basil, cabbage and mustard greens does not impact on colonisation by Shiga-toxigenic Escherichia coli O157:H7. Food Microbiol 2023; 116:104367. [PMID: 37689428 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2023.104367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Microgreens, the immature plants harvested after a few weeks of growth, are perceived as a heathy, nutritious food ingredient but may be susceptible to colonisation by human pathogens including Shiga-toxigenic Escherichia coli (STEC). Some microgreen cultivars accumulate anthocyanins or secrete essential oils which, when extracted or purified, have been reported to inhibit bacterial growth. Therefore, the impact of anthocyanins on bacterial colonisation by STEC (Sakai) was compared for three species that have pigmented cultivars: basil (Ocimum basilicum L.), cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) and mustard greens (Brassica juncea L.). Inoculation with low concentrations of STEC (Sakai) (3 log10 colony forming units/ml (CFU/ml)) during seed germination resulted in extensive colonisation at the point of harvest, accumulating to ∼ 8 log10 CFU/g FW in all cultivars. Bacterial colonies frequently aligned with anticlinal walls on the surface of epidermal cells of the cotyledons and, in basil, associated with peltate and capitate gland cells. Crude lysates of pigmented and non-pigmented basil cultivars had no impact on STEC (Sakai) growth rates, viability status or biofilm formation. Anthocyanins are located within plant vacuoles of these microgreen cultivars and did not affect colonisation by STEC (Sakai) and pigmentation therefore cannot be considered as a controlling factor in bacterial interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn M Wright
- Cell and Molecular Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK
| | - Jacqueline Marshall
- Cell and Molecular Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK
| | - Peter J Wright
- Marine Scotland Science, 375 Victoria Road, Aberdeen, AB11 9DB, UK
| | - Nicola J Holden
- Cell and Molecular Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK; SRUC, Department of Rural Land Use, Craibstone Estate, Aberdeen, AB21 9YA, UK.
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2
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Lu D, Liu J, Liu H, Guo Y, Dai Y, Liang J, Chen L, Xu L, Fu P, Li N. Epidemiological Features of Foodborne Disease Outbreaks in Catering Service Facilities - China, 2010-2020. China CDC Wkly 2023; 5:479-484. [PMID: 37408617 PMCID: PMC10318556 DOI: 10.46234/ccdcw2023.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction In terms of food preparation settings, catering service facilities have been identified as locations with the highest incidence of foodborne disease outbreaks in China. Since 2010, the China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment has established the Foodborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System (FDOSS) to monitor foodborne disease outbreaks. Consequently, data from the FDOSS has provided a more accurate depiction of the epidemic characteristics of outbreaks within these facilities. Methods From 2010 to 2020, the FDOSS gathered data related to the prevalence of outbreaks, cases, hospitalizations, and deaths linked to foodborne disease outbreaks in catering service facilities. This study examined the temporal and geographical distribution, pathogenic factors, and contributing variables of these outbreaks over the course of the decade. Results From 2010 to 2020, China's catering service facilities reported 18,331 outbreaks, which resulted in 206,718 illnesses, 68,561 hospitalizations, and 201 deaths. The second and third quarters of the year accounted for 76.12% of the outbreaks and 72.93% of the cases. The primary pathogenic factors were pathogenic organisms, which caused 4,883 (26.64%) outbreaks, 94,047 (45.50%) cases, 32,170 (46.92%) hospitalizations, and 21 (10.45%) deaths. There were 5,607 (30.59%) outbreaks in restaurants, 2,876 (15.69%) outbreaks from street vendors, and 2,560 (13.97%) outbreaks in employee canteens in China. Conclusions The implementation of relevant control methods, including health education and promotion, is critical for addressing foodborne diseases in catering service facilities. Regular food safety training sessions for restaurant personnel and managers are essential to ensuring the effective management of these health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donglei Lu
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Jikai Liu
- China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunchang Guo
- China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Dai
- Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Junhua Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lili Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lizi Xu
- Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Ping Fu
- China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Li
- China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
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Abstract
Foodborne diseases continue to impact human health and the economy. The COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically affected the food system from production to consumption. This project aims to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the spread of foodborne diseases and the factors that may have contributed, including environmental, behavioral, political, and socioeconomic. Data for this study were collected from The Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) for 2015-2020. FoodNet personnel located at state health departments regularly contact the clinical laboratories in Connecticut (CT), Georgia (GA), Maryland (MD), Minnesota (MN), New Mexico (NM), Oregon (OR), Tennessee (TN), and selected counties in California (CA), Colorado (CO), and New York (NY). Data were analyzed using SAS to determine the changes in rates of foodborne pathogens reported in FoodNet before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in the ten reporting states. Results of the study showed a significant decline in the incidences of foodborne diseases ranging between 25% and 60%. A geographical variation was also observed between California and states with the highest decline rate of foodborne illnesses. Policies and restrictions, in addition to environmental and behavioral changes during the COVID-19 pandemic, may have reduced rates of foodborne diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luma Akil
- Department of Behavioral and Environmental Health, College of Health Science, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA
- Corresponding Author:
| | - Hafiz Anwar Ahmad
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA
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Hewage SN, Makawita P, Gibson KE, Lee JA, Fraser AM. Relationship between ATP Bioluminescence Measurements and Microbial Assessments in Studies Conducted in Food Establishments: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis. J Food Prot 2022; 85:1855-1864. [PMID: 36173898 DOI: 10.4315/jfp-22-187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Adherence to proper environmental cleaning practices is critical in food establishments. To validate cleanliness, cleaning practices should be routinely monitored, preferably by a rapid, reliable, and cost-effective method. The aim of this study was to determine whether a correlation exists between ATP bioluminescence measurements and selected microbial assessments in studies conducted in food establishments. A systematic literature review and meta-analysis was conducted using the principles of preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Twelve online databases and search engines were selected for the review. Peer-reviewed articles published in English between January 2000 and July 2020 were included in the search. From a total of 19 eligible studies, 3 that included Pearson correlation coefficients (r) between ATP bioluminescence measurements and microbial assessments were used for the meta-analysis calculations. Only the fixed-effect model produced a strong correlation because one value dominated the estimates: r = 0.9339 (0.9278, 0.9399). In contrast, both the random effects model, 0.2978 (0.24, 0.3471), and the mixed effects model, r = 0.3162 (-0.0387, 0.6711), indicated a weak relationship between ATP bioluminescence and microbial assessments, with no evidence of a strong correlation. The meta-analysis results indicated no sufficient evidence of a strong correlation between ATP bioluminescence measurements and microbial assessments when applied within food establishments. This lack of evidence for a strong correlation between the results of these two monitoring tools suggests that food establishments cannot depend on only one method. Yet, with immediate feedback and quantification of organic soiling, ATP bioluminescence could be an effective monitoring tool to use in food establishments. HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Supun Nabadawa Hewage
- Department of Food, Nutrition, and Packaging Sciences, Clemson University, 223 Poole Agricultural Center, Box 340316, Clemson, South Carolina 29634-0316
| | - P Makawita
- Department of Food, Nutrition, and Packaging Sciences, Clemson University, 223 Poole Agricultural Center, Box 340316, Clemson, South Carolina 29634-0316
| | - Kristen E Gibson
- Department of Food Science, System Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas, 2650 North Young Avenue, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72704
| | - Jung-Ae Lee
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Chan Medical School, University of Massachusetts, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, USA
| | - Angela M Fraser
- Department of Food, Nutrition, and Packaging Sciences, Clemson University, 223 Poole Agricultural Center, Box 340316, Clemson, South Carolina 29634-0316
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Yin C, Yuan N, Zhang Y, Guo W, Liu J, Yang Q, Zhang W. Electrochemical Biosensor Based on Single Primer Isothermal Amplification (SPIA) for Sensitive Detection of Salmonella in Food. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-022-02387-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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6
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Karami Matin B, Amrollahi-Sharifabadi M, Rezaei S, Heidari A, Kazemi-Karyani A. Epidemiology and Economic Burden of an Outbreak of Cyclopeptide-Containing Mushroom Poisoning in the West of Iran. Front Public Health 2022; 10:910024. [PMID: 35910917 PMCID: PMC9337693 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.910024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Little evidence is available on the epidemiological and economical dimensions of certain foodborne diseases such as wild mushroom poisoning. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiology and estimate the costs of poisoning with cyclopeptide-containing mushrooms in Kermanshah province in 2018. In this study, poisoning was investigated in different subgroups. The cost of illness method with a bottom-up approach was used to estimate the poisoning costs. Both direct and indirect costs of the poisoning were included in the analysis. The perspective of the study was society. Required data were obtained from the medical records of Imam Khomeini hospital and completed through a line survey with the patients. Two hundred eighty-three patients were poisoned in Kermanshah due to poisoning with cyclopeptide-containing mushrooms. Of 283 patients, 143 (50.53%) were men and 59.01% of patients were rural residents. About 43% of admissions were out-patient cases and ~40% of patients were hospitalized within 1–3 days. Also, eight patients were pronounced dead in the area. The total cost of poisoning with cyclopeptide-containing mushrooms in Kermanshah province was $ 1,259,349.26. Of that, $ 69,281.65 was related to direct medical costs and $ 10,727.23 was direct non-medical costs. The indirect costs of death were estimated to be $ 1,125,829.7. The current study revealed that there is a significant financial burden due to cyclopeptide-containing mushrooms on patients, the health system, and society as a whole. Further studies are recommended to clarify the epidemiological and economic burden of foodborne illnesses related to wild mushroom poisonings. Sharing the outputs with health authorities, and informing the general public are warranted to reduce the burden of such diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behzad Karami Matin
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | | | - Satar Rezaei
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Afshar Heidari
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ali Kazemi-Karyani
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- *Correspondence: Ali Kazemi-Karyani ; orcid.org/0000-0002-4448-9317
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Petrucci S, Dikici E, Daunert S, Deo SK. Isothermal Amplification and Lateral Flow Nucleic Acid Test for the Detection of Shiga Toxin-Producing Bacteria for Food Monitoring. Chemosensors 2022; 10:210. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors10060210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Foodborne bacteria have persisted as a significant threat to public health and to the food and agriculture industry. Due to the widespread impact of these pathogens, there has been a push for the development of strategies that can rapidly detect foodborne bacteria on-site. Shiga toxin-producing E. coli strains (such as E. coli O157:H7, E. coli O121, and E. coli O26) from contaminated food have been a major concern. They carry genes stx1 and/or stx2 that produce two toxins, Shiga toxin 1 and Shiga toxin 2, which are virulent proteins. In this work, we demonstrate the development of a rapid test based on an isothermal recombinase polymerase amplification reaction for two Shiga toxin genes in a single reaction. Results of the amplification reaction are visualized simultaneously for both Shiga toxins on a single lateral flow paper strip. This strategy targets the DNA encoding Shiga toxin 1 and 2, allowing for broad detection of any Shiga toxin-producing bacterial species. From sample to answer, this method can achieve results in approximately 35 min with a detection limit of 10 CFU/mL. This strategy is sensitive and selective, detecting only Shiga toxin-producing bacteria. There was no interference observed from non-pathogenic or pathogenic non-Shiga toxin-producing bacteria. A detection limit of 10 CFU/mL for Shiga toxin-producing E. coli was also obtained in a food matrix. This strategy is advantageous as it allows for timely identification of Shiga toxin-related contamination for quick initial food contamination assessments.
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De Freitas RSG, Stedefeldt E. Why do kitchen workers not practice what they learn about food safety? Food Res Int 2022; 155:111114. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Toro M, Williams-vergara J, Solar C, Quesille-villalobos AM, Kwon HJ, Navarrete P, Meng J, Chen Y, Reyes-jara A. Evaluation of the Persistence and Characterization of Listeria monocytogenes in Foodservice Operations. Foods 2022; 11:886. [PMID: 35327308 PMCID: PMC8955912 DOI: 10.3390/foods11060886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a major foodborne pathogen that can contaminate food products and colonize food-producing facilities. Foodservice operations (FSOp) are frequently responsible for foodborne outbreaks due to food safety practices failures. We investigated the presence of and characterized L. monocytogenes from two FSOp (cafeterias) distributing ready-to-eat meals and verified FSOp’s compliance with good manufacturing practices (GMP). Two facilities (FSOp-A and FSOp-B) were visited three times each over 5 months. We sampled foods, ingredients, and surfaces for microbiological analysis, and L. monocytogenes isolates were characterized by phylogenetic analyses and phenotypic characteristics. GMP audits were performed in the first and third visits. A ready-to-eat salad (FSOp-A) and a frozen ingredient (FSOp-B) were contaminated with L. monocytogenes, which was also detected on Zone 3 surfaces (floor, drains, and a boot cover). The phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that FSOp-B had persistent L. monocytogenes strains, but environmental isolates were not closely related to food or ingredient isolates. GMP audits showed that both operations worked under “fair” conditions, and “facilities and equipment” was the section with the least compliances. The presence of L. monocytogenes in the environment and GMP failures could promote food contamination with this pathogen, presenting a risk to consumers.
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Rodríguez-Herrera J, Cabado AG, Bodelón G, Cunha SC, Pinto V, Fernandes JO, Lago J, Muñoz S, Pastoriza-Santos I, Sousa P, Gonçalves L, López-Cabo M, Pérez-Juste J, Santos J, Minas G. Methodological Approaches for Monitoring Five Major Food Safety Hazards Affecting Food Production in the Galicia-Northern Portugal Euroregion. Foods 2021; 11:84. [PMID: 35010210 PMCID: PMC8750003 DOI: 10.3390/foods11010084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The agri-food industry has historically determined the socioeconomic characteristics of Galicia and Northern Portugal, and it was recently identified as an area for collaboration in the Euroregion. In particular, there is a need for action to help to ensure the provision of safe and healthy foods by taking advantage of key enabling technologies. The goals of the FOODSENS project are aligned with this major objective, specifically with the development of biosensors able to monitor hazards relevant to the safety of food produced in the Euroregion. The present review addresses the state of the art of analytical methodologies and techniques-whether commercially available or in various stages of development-for monitoring food hazards, such as harmful algal blooms, mycotoxins, Listeria monocytogenes, allergens, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. We discuss the pros and cons of these methodologies and techniques and address lines of research for point-of-care detection. Accordingly, the development of miniaturized automated monitoring strategies is considered a priority in terms of health and economic interest, with a significant impact in several areas, such as food safety, water quality, pollution control, and public health. Finally, we present potential market opportunities that could result from the availability of rapid and reliable commercial methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Rodríguez-Herrera
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIM-CSIC), 36208 Vigo, Spain; (S.M.); (M.L.-C.)
| | - Ana G. Cabado
- ANFACO-CECOPESCA, Ctra. Colexio Universitario, 16, 36310 Vigo, Spain; (A.G.C.); (J.L.)
| | - Gustavo Bodelón
- CINBIO, Campus Universitario As Lagoas, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain; (G.B.); (I.P.-S.); (J.P.-J.)
- Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Sara C. Cunha
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Bromatology and Hidrology, Department of Chemical Sciences, Facultaty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (S.C.C.); (J.O.F.); (J.S.)
| | - Vânia Pinto
- Center for MicroElectromechanical Systems (CMEMS-UMinho), University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (V.P.); (P.S.); (L.G.); (G.M.)
| | - José O. Fernandes
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Bromatology and Hidrology, Department of Chemical Sciences, Facultaty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (S.C.C.); (J.O.F.); (J.S.)
| | - Jorge Lago
- ANFACO-CECOPESCA, Ctra. Colexio Universitario, 16, 36310 Vigo, Spain; (A.G.C.); (J.L.)
| | - Silvia Muñoz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIM-CSIC), 36208 Vigo, Spain; (S.M.); (M.L.-C.)
| | - Isabel Pastoriza-Santos
- CINBIO, Campus Universitario As Lagoas, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain; (G.B.); (I.P.-S.); (J.P.-J.)
- Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Paulo Sousa
- Center for MicroElectromechanical Systems (CMEMS-UMinho), University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (V.P.); (P.S.); (L.G.); (G.M.)
| | - Luís Gonçalves
- Center for MicroElectromechanical Systems (CMEMS-UMinho), University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (V.P.); (P.S.); (L.G.); (G.M.)
| | - Marta López-Cabo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIM-CSIC), 36208 Vigo, Spain; (S.M.); (M.L.-C.)
| | - Jorge Pérez-Juste
- CINBIO, Campus Universitario As Lagoas, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain; (G.B.); (I.P.-S.); (J.P.-J.)
- Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - João Santos
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Bromatology and Hidrology, Department of Chemical Sciences, Facultaty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (S.C.C.); (J.O.F.); (J.S.)
| | - Graça Minas
- Center for MicroElectromechanical Systems (CMEMS-UMinho), University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (V.P.); (P.S.); (L.G.); (G.M.)
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Bodenham RF, Mtui-Malamsha N, Gatei W, Woldetsadik MA, Cassell CH, Salyer SJ, Halliday JE, Nonga HE, Swai ES, Makungu S, Mwakapeje E, Bernard J, Bebay C, Makonnen YJ, Fasina FO. Multisectoral cost analysis of a human and livestock anthrax outbreak in Songwe Region, Tanzania (December 2018-January 2019), using a novel Outbreak Costing Tool. One Health 2021; 13:100259. [PMID: 34013015 PMCID: PMC8113743 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2021.100259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We applied a novel Outbreak Costing Tool (OCT), developed by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), to estimate the costs of investigating and responding to an anthrax outbreak in Tanzania. We also evaluated the OCT's overall utility in its application to a multisectoral outbreak response. METHODS We collected data on direct costs associated with a human and animal anthrax outbreak in Songwe Region (December 2018 to January 2019) using structured questionnaires from key-informants. We performed a cost analysis by entering direct costs data into the OCT, grouped into seven cost categories: labor, office, travel and transport, communication, laboratory support, medical countermeasures, and consultancies. RESULTS The total cost for investigating and responding to this outbreak was estimated at 102,232 United States dollars (USD), with travel and transport identified as the highest cost category (62,536 USD) and communication and consultancies as the lowest, with no expenditure, for the combined human and animal health sectors. CONCLUSIONS Multisectoral investigation and response may become complex due to coordination challenges, thus allowing escalation of public health impacts. A standardized framework for collecting and analysing cost data is vital to understanding the nature of outbreaks, in anticipatory planning, in outbreak investigation and in reducing time to intervention. Pre-emptive use of the OCT will also reduce overall and specific (response period) intervention costs for the disease. Additional aggregation of the costs by government ministries, departments and tiers will improve the use of the tool to enhance sectoral budget planning for disease outbreaks in a multisectoral response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca F. Bodenham
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Emergency Centre for Transboundary Animal Diseases (ECTAD), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Dar es Salaam, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Niwael Mtui-Malamsha
- Emergency Centre for Transboundary Animal Diseases (ECTAD), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Dar es Salaam, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Wangeci Gatei
- Division of Global Health Protection, Center for Global Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mahlet A. Woldetsadik
- Division of Global Health Protection, Center for Global Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Cynthia H. Cassell
- Division of Global Health Protection, Center for Global Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Stephanie J. Salyer
- Division of Global Health Protection, Center for Global Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jo E.B. Halliday
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Hezron E. Nonga
- Directorate of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries, Dodoma, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Emmanuel S. Swai
- Directorate of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries, Dodoma, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Selemani Makungu
- Directorate of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries, Dodoma, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Elibariki Mwakapeje
- Emergency Centre for Transboundary Animal Diseases (ECTAD), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Dar es Salaam, United Republic of Tanzania
- Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children, Dodoma, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Jubilate Bernard
- Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children, Dodoma, United Republic of Tanzania
- One Health Coordination Desk, Office of the Prime Minister, Dodoma, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Charles Bebay
- Emergency Centre for Transboundary Animal Diseases (ECTAD) Regional Office for Eastern Africa, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Yilma J. Makonnen
- Emergency Centre for Transboundary Animal Diseases (ECTAD), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Rome, Italy
| | - Folorunso O. Fasina
- Emergency Centre for Transboundary Animal Diseases (ECTAD), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Dar es Salaam, United Republic of Tanzania
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Ray EC, Merle PF. Disgusting Face, Disease-Ridden Place?: Emoji Influence on the Interpretation of Restaurant Inspection Reports. Health Commun 2021; 36:1867-1878. [PMID: 32806958 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2020.1802867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Every year, millions of Americans get sick from foodborne illness and it is estimated half of all reported instances occur at restaurants. To protect the public, regulators are encouraged to conduct restaurant inspections and disclose reports to consumers. However, inspection reporting format is inconsistent and typically contains information unclear to most consumers who often misinterpret the inspection results. Additionally, consumers are increasingly searching for this information in a digital context. Limited research explores inspection reports as communication tools. Using affect-as-information and ELM as theoretical frameworks, this experiment investigated how discrete emotions (e.g., disgust) conveyed through pictorial cues (i.e., emojis) influenced consumers' processing of inspection reports. Participants, recruited from Amazon's MTurk, were randomly assigned to one of six experimental conditions in a 3 (emoji: smiling vs. disgusted vs. none) x 2 (violation level: low vs. high) between-subjects design. Then, participants completed a questionnaire regarding perceptions and cognitive processing of the message. Results revealed that, compared to text, disgusted face emoji increased risk perceptions and avoidance behavior. In terms of emotion, smiling face emoji motivated participants to feel more emotions related to sanitation. In turn, positive feelings decreased elaboration likelihood. As predicted by ELM, involvement also predicted elaboration, such that participants who were highly involved with inspection reports elaborated more than those less involved. Involvement also moderated the relationship between emoji presented and elaboration. Practical implications are also discussed.
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Yu S, Xu Q, Huang J, Yi B, Aguilar ZP, Xu H. Rapid and sensitive detection of Salmonella in milk based on hybridization chain reaction and graphene oxide fluorescence platform. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:12295-12302. [PMID: 34538487 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-20713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Salmonella is a foodborne pathogen that has contributed to numerous food safety accidents worldwide, making it necessary to detect contamination at an early stage. A pair of specific primers based on the invA gene of Salmonella was designed for PCR. Target double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) from PCR was purified and denatured at high temperature to obtain target single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). Two carboxyfluorescein-labeled hairpin probes (H1-FAM and H2-FAM) were designed with complementary portions to the ssDNA sequence so that binding could trigger H1-FAM and H2-FAM hybridization chain reaction (HCR) to produce a long dsDNA complex. In this study, graphene oxide (GO) was used in the development of a homogeneous fluorescence detection platform for Salmonella. Using this HCR-GO assay platform, Salmonella detection was completed in 3.5 h. Salmonella was reliably and specifically detected with a limit of detection (LOD) of 4.2 × 101 cfu/mL in pure culture. Moreover, this new HCR-GO assay platform was successfully applied to the detection of Salmonella in artificially contaminated milk with a LOD of 4.2 × 102 cfu/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, PR China
| | - Qian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, PR China
| | - Jin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, PR China
| | - Bo Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, PR China
| | | | - Hengyi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, PR China.
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14
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Sirichokchatchawan W, Taneepanichskul N, Prapasarakul N. Predictors of knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards food safety among food handlers in Bangkok, Thailand. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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15
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Shan S, Huang Y, Huang Z, Long Z, Liu C, Zhao X, Xing K, Xiao X, Liu J, Huang Y, Lai W, Liu D. Detection of stx1 and stx2 and subtyping of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli using asymmetric PCR combined with lateral flow immunoassay. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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16
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Monroy-torres R, Castillo-chávez Á, Carcaño-valencia E, Hernández-luna M, Caldera-ortega A, Serafín-muñoz A, Linares-segovia B, Medina-jiménez K, Jiménez-garza O, Méndez-pérez M, López-briones S. Food Security, Environmental Health, and the Economy in Mexico: Lessons Learned with the COVID-19. Sustainability 2021; 13:7470. [DOI: 10.3390/su13137470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic showed an impact mainly on the health of people and the economy of households. The levels of food security in the world’s households, especially in Mexico, have decreased. When people do not have food security, their health is compromised and they have financial problems; on the other hand, environmental deterioration has a link with food security. The purpose of this review is to analysis of the current situation in Mexico of food security, environmental health and economy, the main lessons learned in these areas and their proposals integrating public policies. A review was carried out in the main databases (MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL Plus, Web of Science, CAB Abstracts y PAIS Index) with the following keywords and according to the MeSH terms: Food security, food insecurity, environmental health, public policies, environmental, production, integrating the word COVID-19 in English and Spanish. Only 44.5% of Mexican households presented food security. For food insecurity, 22.6% had moderate and severe food insecurity, while 32.9% had mild insecurity. Food insecurity and the health impacts of environmental origin (waste management during the coronavirus pandemic, water contaminated by bacteria, viruses, and toxins; air pollution) generates impacts on economic activity by not offering food that meets health regulations. Without the application of cost-effective measures and interventions for the prevention and control of patients with obesity, the direct costs for 2023 will amount to 9 million dollars, which worsens the household economy. Despite having laws and policies on the right to food, a healthy environment (water), and opportunities for economic growth, these human rights are not fulfilled. The conclusion is that it is necessary to use a health and agroecological model to promote public policies (health, environment, and economy) that aims to prevent the discussed issues, with multidisciplinary and intersectoral interventions (government, academia, researchers, civil society organizations, industry, and population). This upholds the human right that all people should enjoy an adequate, healthy environment and have access to high-quality food.
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17
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Kim SO, Kim SS. Recent (2011-2017) foodborne outbreak cases in the Republic of Korea compared to the United States: a review. Food Sci Biotechnol 2021; 30:185-94. [PMID: 33732509 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-020-00864-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study analyzes and compares foodborne disease outbreaks reported in the Republic of Korea (KR) and the United States (US) during 2011-2017. The foodborne outbreaks data in the KR and the US were collected from the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety and from the Surveillance for Foodborne Disease Outbreaks United States, respectively. The average number of outbreaks and illness population were higher in the US than in the KR, but the KR's illness ratio considering population size was 2.4 times higher than that of the US. When the sites of outbreaks compared, the number of illness was the highest at schools in the KR whereas outbreaks at restaurants were more frequent in the US. In the KR, bacterial infections were the primary cause of outbreaks while bacterial and viral infections accounted for the largest share of outbreaks in the US. Specifically, pathogenic E. coli presented a significant risk in the KR whereas Salmonella was the most prevalent in the US. These results indicate that the main microbiological targets for detection and control in the KR should differ from the US, which should be considered for developing food safety related policies.
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Morgan M, Watts V, Allen D, Curtis D, Kirolos A, Macdonald N, Maslen E, Morgan D, Saei A, Sedgwick J, Stevenson J, Turbitt D, Vivancos R, Waugh C, Williams C, Decraene V. Challenges of investigating a large food-borne norovirus outbreak across all branches of a restaurant group in the United Kingdom, October 2016. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 24. [PMID: 31064638 PMCID: PMC6505182 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2019.24.18.1800511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
During October and November 2016, over 1,000 customers and staff reported gastroenteritis after eating at all 23 branches of a restaurant group in the United Kingdom. The outbreak coincided with a new menu launch and norovirus was identified as the causative agent. We conducted four retrospective cohort studies; one among all restaurant staff and three in customers at four branches. We investigated the dishes consumed, reviewed recipes, interviewed chefs and inspected restaurants to identify common ingredients and preparation methods for implicated dishes. Investigations were complicated by three public health agencies concurrently conducting multiple analytical studies, the complex menu with many shared constituent ingredients and the high media attention. The likely source was a contaminated batch of a nationally distributed ingredient, but analytical studies were unable to implicate a single ingredient. The most likely vehicle was a new chipotle chilli product imported from outside the European Union, that was used uncooked in the implicated dishes. This outbreak exemplifies the possibility of rapid spread of infectious agents within a restaurant supply chain, following introduction of a contaminated ingredient. It underlines the importance of appropriate risk assessments and control measures being in place, particularly for new ingredients and ready-to-eat foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Morgan
- These authors share first authorship.,European Programme for Intervention Epidemiology Training, Stockholm, Sweden.,Health Protection, Public Health Wales NHS Trust, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Vicky Watts
- Field Service - Epidemiology, National Infection Service, Public Health England, Liverpool, United Kingdom.,United Kingdom Field Epidemiology Training Programme, Public Health England, London, United Kingdom.,These authors share first authorship
| | - David Allen
- Department of Infection Biology, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.,National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Gastrointestinal Infections, United Kingdom.,Virus Reference Department, National Infection Service, Colindale, Public Health England, London, United Kingdom
| | - Daniele Curtis
- Field Service - Epidemiology, National Infection Service, Public Health England, London, United Kingdom
| | - Amir Kirolos
- Department of Public Health and Health Policy, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Neil Macdonald
- Field Service - Epidemiology, National Infection Service, Public Health England, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ellie Maslen
- North East North Central London Health Protection Team, Public Health England, London, United Kingdom
| | - Deb Morgan
- Incidents & Resilience Team, Food Standards Agency, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ayoub Saei
- Statistics, Modelling & Economics Department, National Infection Service - Data & Analytical Sciences, Public Health England, London, United Kingdom
| | - James Sedgwick
- Field Service - Epidemiology, National Infection Service, Public Health England, London, United Kingdom
| | - Janet Stevenson
- Department of Public Health and Health Policy, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Deborah Turbitt
- Public Health England London, Public Health England, London, United Kingdom
| | - Roberto Vivancos
- Field Service - Epidemiology, National Infection Service, Public Health England, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Catriona Waugh
- Department of Public Health and Health Policy, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Chris Williams
- Health Protection, Public Health Wales NHS Trust, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Valerie Decraene
- Field Service - Epidemiology, National Infection Service, Public Health England, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Abstract
This paper seeks to contribute to the ongoing policy debate about mandated posting of health department hygiene ratings for establishments that sell food. Posted restaurant hygiene ratings, or 'scores on doors,' exemplify a public health transparency policy in the form of words, letters, numbers, or symbols displayed at entrances to food-serving establishments summarizing their most recent health inspection. After describing the scope of restaurant hygiene inspections and the problem of foodborne illness, this paper critically examines the 'mandation' debate on economic, practical, ethical, and legal aspects. It concludes that mandated posting of hygiene ratings, if done properly, is a potentially effective public policy that fosters transparency, population health, and informed consumer choice.
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20
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Packer S, Day J, Hardman P, Cameron J, Kennedy M, Turner J, Willis C, Amar C, Nozad B, Gobin M. A cohort study investigating a point source outbreak of Clostridium perfringens associated with consumption of roasted meat and gravy at a buffet on Mothering Sunday 2018, South West, England. Food Control 2020; 112:107097. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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21
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Gomez CB, Marks BP. Monetizing the Impact of Food Safety Recalls on the Low-Moisture Food Industry. J Food Prot 2020; 83:829-835. [PMID: 31928414 DOI: 10.4315/jfp-19-553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT New Food Safety and Modernization Act rules require that food producers implement and validate processes that sufficiently reduce the risk of known hazards, such as those posed by microbial pathogens. Investments in food safety technology choices are ultimately business decisions, and current decision-making methods make it difficult to quantify financial value associated with food safety risk reduction. Predicted financial loss is a tangible way to quantify how a recall might affect the manufacturer. The hypothesis of this study was that class I recalls of low-moisture foods due to the presence of microbial pathogens have a significant negative economic impact on the affected manufacturers, which can be quantified in terms of loss in market capitalization. Financial impacts of the recalls were analyzed over a 10-year period by computing the cumulative abnormal return (CAR) in stock values over a recall event period for 22 low-moisture foods made by publicly held companies. Abnormal returns were aggregated over an event window (0 to 20 days) to compute the CAR, which was multiplied by prerecall market capitalization to compute monetary losses due to the recall event. The CARs for a 20-day postrecall period were -26.5 to 8.4%, with a mean of -5.1%. These CARs translated to a median loss in corporate value due to a recall of $243 million for the recall events analyzed in this study. If implementation of a food safety technology could reduce risk of a recall by fivefold, the mean annual economic benefit would be >$2 million in reduced risk for companies such as those included in the study. Such analyses can positively impact business decisions to invest in food safety technologies. HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Carly B Gomez
- Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Michigan State University, 524 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5553-5841 [B.P.M.])
| | - Bradley P Marks
- Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Michigan State University, 524 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5553-5841 [B.P.M.])
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22
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Sabino J, Hirten RP, Colombel JF. Review article: bacteriophages in gastroenterology-from biology to clinical applications. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2020; 51:53-63. [PMID: 31696976 DOI: 10.1111/apt.15557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut microbiota plays an important role in the pathogenesis of several gastrointestinal diseases. Its composition and function are shaped by host-microbiota and intra-microbiota interactions. Bacteriophages (phages) are viruses that target bacteria and have the potential to modulate bacterial communities. AIMS To summarise phage biology and the clinical applications of phages in gastroenterology METHODS: PubMed was searched to identify relevant studies. RESULTS Phages induce bacterial cell lysis, integration of viral DNA into the bacteria and/or coexistence in a stable equilibrium. Bacteria and phages have co-evolved and their dynamic interactions are yet to be fully understood. The increasing need to modulate microbial communities (e.g., gut microbiota, multidrug-resistant bacteria) has been a strong stimulus for research in phages as an antibacterial therapy. In gastroenterology, phage therapy has been mainly studied in infectious diseases such as cholera. However, it is currently being explored in several other circumstances such as treating Clostridioides difficile colitis, targeting adherent-invasive Escherichia coli in Crohn's disease or eradicating Fusobacterium nucleatum in colorectal cancer. Overall, phage therapy has a favourable and acceptable safety profile. Presently, trials with phage therapy are ongoing in Crohn's disease. CONCLUSIONS Phage therapy is a promising therapeutic tool against pathogenic bacteria in the fields of infectious diseases and gastroenterology. Randomised, placebo-controlled trials with phage therapy for gastroenterological diseases are ongoing.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Sabino
- The Dr. Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospitals of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robert P Hirten
- The Dr. Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jean-Frederic Colombel
- The Dr. Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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McNulty MJ, Gleba Y, Tusé D, Hahn-Löbmann S, Giritch A, Nandi S, McDonald KA. Techno-economic analysis of a plant-based platform for manufacturing antimicrobial proteins for food safety. Biotechnol Prog 2019; 36:e2896. [PMID: 31443134 PMCID: PMC7027456 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Continuous reports of foodborne illnesses worldwide and the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria mandate novel interventions to assure the safety of our food. Treatment of a variety of foods with bacteriophage-derived lysins and bacteriocin-class antimicrobial proteins has been shown to protect against high-risk pathogens at multiple intervention points along the food supply chain. The most significant barrier to the adoption of antimicrobial proteins as a food safety intervention by the food industry is the high production cost using current fermentation-based approaches. Recently, plants have been shown to produce antimicrobial proteins with accumulation as high as 3 g/kg fresh weight and with demonstrated activity against major foodborne pathogens. To investigate potential economic advantages and scalability of this novel platform, we evaluated a highly efficient transgenic plant-based production process. A detailed process simulation model was developed to help identify economic "hot spots" for research and development focus including process operating parameters, unit operations, consumables, and/or raw materials that have the most significant impact on production costs. Our analyses indicate that the unit production cost of antimicrobial proteins in plants at commercial scale for three scenarios is $3.00-6.88/g, which can support a competitive selling price to traditional food safety treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J McNulty
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California
| | | | | | | | | | - Somen Nandi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California.,Global HealthShare® Initiative, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Karen A McDonald
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California.,Global HealthShare® Initiative, University of California, Davis, California
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Zhi S, Szelewicki J, Ziebell K, Parsons B, Chui L. General detection of Shiga toxin 2 and subtyping of Shiga toxin 1 and 2 in Escherichia coli using qPCR. J Microbiol Methods 2019; 159:51-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2019.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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