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Hu G, Long C, Hu L, Zhang Y, Hong S, Zhang Q, Zheng P, Su Z, Xu J, Wang L, Gao X, Zhu X, Yuan F, Wang T, Yu S, Jia G. Blood chromium exposure, immune inflammation and genetic damage: Exploring associations and mediation effects in chromate exposed population. J Hazard Mater 2022; 425:127769. [PMID: 34799157 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Both genetic damage and inappropriate immune function are relevant to cancer of hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)]. However, its associations with immune response and genetic damage development are poorly understood. To explore their associations and mediating effects, 1249 participants were included from the Occupational Chromate Exposure Dynamic Cohort, and their blood Cr concentrations were measured as internal exposure. A set of biomarkers including urinary 8-hydroxy-2' - deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), micronucleus frequency (MNF) and mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtCN) was developed to evaluate the landscape of genetic damage of Cr(VI). Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and first component of complement q (C1q) were measured to reflect immune inflammation. Multivariate linear regression and mediation analyses were applied to assess the potential associations and mediation effects. It was found that blood Cr level showed significant dose-dependent relationships with increasing of MNF and urinary 8-OHdG, while negative association with CRP and C1q. Furthermore, a 1-unit increase in CRP was associated with decreases of - 0.765 to - 0.254 in MNF, - 0.400 to - 0.051 in urinary 8-OHdG. 4.97% of the association between blood Cr level and the increased MNF was mediated by CRP. 11.58% of the relationship between concentration of blood Cr and urinary 8-OHdG was mediated by C1q. These findings suggested that Cr(VI) exposures might prompt genetic damage, possibly partial via worsening immune inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiping Hu
- School of Engineering Medicine and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Changmao Long
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lihua Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Yali Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shiyi Hong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qiaojian Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Pai Zheng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zekang Su
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jiayu Xu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Science, School of Public Health, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 014040, China
| | - Xiaoying Gao
- Department of economics and related studies, University of York, York, North Yorkshire YO105DD, UK
| | - Xiaojun Zhu
- National Center for Occupational Safety and Health, NHC, Beijing 102308, China
| | - Fang Yuan
- Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Tiancheng Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shanfa Yu
- Henan Institute for Occupational Medicine, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province 450052, China
| | - Guang Jia
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
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Papazahariadou M, Athanasiadis GI, Papadopoulos E, Symeonidou I, Hatzistilianou M, Castellani ML, Bhattacharya K, Shanmugham LN, Conti P, Frydas S. Involvement of NK Cells against Tumors and Parasites. Int J Biol Markers 2018; 22:144-53. [PMID: 17549670 DOI: 10.1177/172460080702200208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Host resistance against pathogens depends on a complex interplay of innate and adaptive immune mechanisms. Acting as an early line of defence, the immune system includes activation of neutrophils, tissue macrophages, monocytes, dendritic cells, eosinophils and natural killer (NK) cells. NK cells are lymphoid cells that can be activated without previous stimulation and are therefore like macrophages in the first line of defence against tumor cells and a diverse range of pathogens. NK cells mediate significant activity and produce high levels of proinflammatory cytokines in response to infection. Their cytotoxicity production is induced principally by monocyte-, macrophage- and dendritic cell-derived cytokines, but their activation is also believed to be cytokine-mediated. Recognition of infection by NK cells is accomplished by numerous activating and inhibitory receptors on the NK cells’ surface that selectively trigger the cytolytic activity in a major histocompability complex-independent manner. NK cells have trypanocidal activity of fibroblast cells and mediate direct destruction of extracellular epimastigote and trypomastigote forms of T. cruzi and T. lewisi in vitro; moreover, they kill plasmodia-infected erythrocytes directly through cell-cell interaction. This review provides a more detailed analysis of how NK cells recognize and respond to parasites and how they mediate cytotoxicity against tumor cells. Also the unique role of NK cells in innate immunity to infection and the relationship between parasites and carcinogenesis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Papazahariadou
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Veterinary Faculty, Aristotele University, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Pappalardo S, Puzzo S, Cappello V, Mastrangelo F, Adamo G, Caraffa A, Tetè S. The Efficacy of Four Ways of Administrating Dexamethasone during Surgical Extraction of Partially Impacted Lower Third Molars. EUR J INFLAMM 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x0700500306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids are drugs noted for their potent anti-inflammatory effect and long lasting half-life. Various studies have been carried out to identify which of these molecules is best for reducing the post-operative sequelae after surgical extraction of the impacted lower third molar. This study examines four different ways of administering dexamethasone after surgical extraction of impacted lower third molars: endoalveolar application, submucous injection, intravenous administration and intramuscular injection, with the aim of identifying which method gives the least discomfort to the patient in regard to reduction of pain, edema and post-operative lock-jaw. Results show that a greater reduction of the post-operative sequelae was obtained in the group of patients treated with dexamethasone intravenously. Satisfying results were also obtained in the group treated with a topical administration of dexamethasone in powder form and in the group which was given dexamethasone through an intramuscular injection. These last two groups had similar results. Instead, the results obtained in the group that received dexamethasone through local submucous injection were not satisfactory.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - F. Mastrangelo
- Department of Oral Sciences, University of Chieti, Italy
| | | | - A. Caraffa
- Orthopedic and Traumatology Division, University of Perugia, Italy
| | - S. Tetè
- Department of Oral Sciences, University of Chieti, Italy
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Shi D, Li D, Yin Q, Qiu Y, Yan H, Shen Y, Lu G, Liu W. Silenced suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) enhances the maturation and antifungal immunity of dendritic cells in response to Candida albicans in vitro. Immunol Res 2015; 61:206-18. [PMID: 25381480 PMCID: PMC4336647 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-014-8562-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are known to play an important role in initiating and orchestrating antimicrobial immunity. Given the fact that candidiasis appears often in immunocompromised patients, it seems plausible that DCs hold the key to new antifungal strategies. One possibility to enhance the potency of DC-based immunotherapy is to silence the negative immunoregulatory pathways through the ablation suppressor of cytokine signaling suppressor 1 (SOCS1). Here, we deliver small interfering RNA (siRNA) against SOCS1 into murine bone marrow DCs, and as a consequence, we investigate the maturation/action of DCs and the subsequent T cell response after exposure to C. albicans. Our results show that the maturation of DCs (i.e., expressions of CD80, CD40, CD86, and MHC II) are significantly increased in the silenced SOCS1 treatment group after exposure to C. albicans. As a result, suppression of the SOCS1 promotes the greatest expression of IFN-γ and IL-12, and reduces IL-4 secretions, which induce CD4+ cell Th1 differentiation but inactivate Th2 cell development. The responses of IL-6 and TNF-β consist of up-regulation in the presence of C. albicans, but this is not specific to SOCS1 silencing, suggesting that these cytokines are not regulated by the SOCS1 gene in fungal infections. We find Th17 differentiation is unchanged regardless of SOCS1 inhibition. The increase in phagocytosis and killing of C. albicans in SOCS1 gene-treated DCs indicate a role for this cytokine suppressor in innate immunity as well. In conclusion, our findings support the view that SOCS1 protein is a critical inhibitory molecule for controlling cytokine response and antigen presentation by DCs, thereby regulating the magnitude of innate and adaptive immunities by generating IFN-γ-production T cells (Th1)—but not Th17—from naïve CD4+ T cells. Our study demonstrates that SOCS1 siRNA can serve as a useful vehicle to modulate the function of DCs against C. albicans infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Shi
- Department of Mycology, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 12 Jiang Wangmiao Street, Nanjing, 210042 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
- Department of Dermatology, Jining No. 1 People’s Hospital, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongmei Li
- Department of Mycology, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 12 Jiang Wangmiao Street, Nanjing, 210042 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
- Department of Dermatology, Jining No. 1 People’s Hospital, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC USA
| | - Qingxin Yin
- Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong People’s Republic of China
- Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Qiu
- Department of Dermatology, Jining No. 1 People’s Hospital, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongxia Yan
- Department of Dermatology, Jining No. 1 People’s Hospital, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongnian Shen
- Department of Mycology, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 12 Jiang Wangmiao Street, Nanjing, 210042 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Guixia Lu
- Department of Mycology, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 12 Jiang Wangmiao Street, Nanjing, 210042 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Weida Liu
- Department of Mycology, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 12 Jiang Wangmiao Street, Nanjing, 210042 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
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Pragya P, Shukla AK, Murthy RC, Abdin MZ, Kar Chowdhuri D. Characterization of the effect of Cr(VI) on humoral innate immunity using Drosophila melanogaster. Environ Toxicol 2015; 30:1285-1296. [PMID: 24771359 DOI: 10.1002/tox.21999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Revised: 04/05/2014] [Accepted: 04/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
With the advancement of human race, different anthropogenic activities have heaped the environment with chemicals that can cause alteration in the immune system of exposed organism. As a first line of barrier, the evolutionary conserved innate immunity is crucial for the health of an organism. However, there is paucity of information regarding in vivo assessment of the effect of environmental chemicals on innate immunity. Therefore, we examined the effect of a widely used environmental chemical, Cr(VI), on humoral innate immune response using Drosophila melanogaster. The adverse effect of Cr(VI) on host humoral response was characterized by decreased gene expression of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) in the exposed organism. Concurrently, a significantly decreased transcription of humoral pathway receptors (Toll and PGRP) and triglyceride level along with inhibition of antioxidant enzyme activities were observed in exposed organism. This in turn weakened the immune response of exposed organism that was manifested by their reduced resistance against bacterial infection. In addition, overexpression of the components of humoral immunity particularly Diptericin benefits Drosophila from Cr(VI)-induced humoral immune-suppressive effect. To our knowledge, this is the first report regarding negative impact of an environmental chemical on humoral innate immune response of Drosophila along with subsequent protection by AMPs, which may provide novel insight into host-chemical interactions. Also, our data validate the utility and sensitivity of Drosophila as a model that could be used for screening the possible risk of environmental chemicals on innate immunity with minimum ethical concern that can be further extrapolated to higher organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Pragya
- Embryotoxicology Section, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - A K Shukla
- Embryotoxicology Section, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - R C Murthy
- Analytical Section, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - M Z Abdin
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - D Kar Chowdhuri
- Embryotoxicology Section, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Shi D, Ma A, Zheng H, Huo G, Yan H, Fu H, Qiu Y, Liu W. Paeoniflorin inhibits the maturation and immunostimulatory function of allergen-induced murine dendritic cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2014; 19:221-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2014.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Revised: 01/31/2014] [Accepted: 02/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Kovacic P, Somanathan R. Integrated approach to immunotoxicity: electron transfer, reactive oxygen species, antioxidants, cell signaling, and receptors. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2009; 28:323-46. [PMID: 18702007 DOI: 10.1080/10799890802305217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
As with all body organs, the immune system is subjected to attack by a variety of toxins. Serious consequences can result because the immune organs serve as a defense against infective agents. The toxins, both organic and inorganic, fall into a large variety of classes, such as metals, therapeutic drugs, industrial chemicals, pollutants, pesticides, fuels, herbicides and abused drugs. Although the mode of action is multifaceted, our focus is on electron transfer (ET), reactive oxygen species (ROS), antioxidants (AOs), cell signaling, and receptors. It is significant that the toxins or their metabolites incorporate ET functionalities capable of redox cycling with resultant generation of ROS and accompanying oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kovacic
- Department of Chemistry, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182-1030, USA.
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Di Gioacchino M, Petrarca C, Perrone A, Farina M, Sabbioni E, Hartung T, Martino S, Esposito DL, Lotti LV, Mariani-Costantini R. Autophagy as an ultrastructural marker of heavy metal toxicity in human cord blood hematopoietic stem cells. Sci Total Environ 2008; 392:50-58. [PMID: 18166216 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2007] [Revised: 10/26/2007] [Accepted: 11/05/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells are a key target of environmental toxicants, but little is known about their toxicological responses. We aimed at developing an in-vitro model based on adult human stem cells to identify biomarkers of heavy metal exposure. To this end we investigated the responses of human CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells to hexavalent chromium (Cr[VI]) and cadmium (Cd). Parallel cultures of CD34+ cells isolated from umbilical cord blood were exposed for 48 h to 0.1 microM and 10 microM Cr(VI) or Cd. Cultures treated with 10 microM Cr(VI) or Cd showed marked cell loss. Ultrastructural analysis of surviving cells revealed prominent autophagosomes/autophagolysosomes, which is diagnostic of autophagy, associated with mitochondrial damage and replication, dilatation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex, cytoplasmic lipid droplets and chromatin condensation. Treated cells did not show the morphologic hallmarks of apoptosis. Treatment with 0.1 microM Cr(VI) or Cd did not result in cell loss, but at the ultrastructural level cells showed dilated endoplasmic reticulum and evidence of mitochondrial damage. We conclude that autophagy is implicated in the response of human hematopoietic stem cells to toxic concentrations of Cr(VI) and Cd. Autophagy, which mediates cell survival and death under stress, deserves further evaluation to be established as biomarker of metal exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Di Gioacchino
- Aging Research Center, G. d'Annunzio University Foundation, Via Colle dell'Ara, Chieti, Italy.
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Ciprandi G, Varricchio A, Capasso M, Varricchio A, de Lucia A, Ascione E, Avvisati F, di Gioacchino M, Barillari U. Hypertonic Saline Solution in Children with Adenoidal Hyperytrophy: Preliminary Evidence. EUR J INFLAMM 2007; 5:159-163. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x0700500307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenoidal hypertrophy (AH) is a frequent problem in children. A preliminary study evidenced that intranasal hypertonic solutions may exert an anti-inflammatory activity. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of intranasal hypertonic or isotonic solutions in children affected with AH. For this purpose, 78 children with AH were evaluated in a randomised and controlled study. Inclusion criteria for the study required that each patient had to have a III or IV degree of AH on the initial endoscopic examination. Children were treated with intranasal hypertonic or isotonic saline solution for 8 weeks. After treatment, endoscopy was performed to evaluate AH degree. Hypertonic treatment was associated with significant (p<0.05) reduction of AH degree. There was a consistent reduction of children with III degree of AH. No adverse events were reported. This preliminary study demonstrates that an 8-week treatment with intranasal hypertonic solution is associated with significant reduction of AH. Therefore, this study evidences that hypertonic solution may exert an anti-inflammatory activity and is safe.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A. Varricchio
- U.O.C. di O.R.L. - Ospedale San Gennaro, ASL Na1, Naples
| | - M. Capasso
- U.O. Pediatria con Nido, Ospedale Civile di Piedimonte Matese (CE)
| | - A.M. Varricchio
- U.O.C. di O.R.L. - Azienda Ospedaliera Pediatrica Santobono Pausilipon, Naples
| | - A. de Lucia
- U.O.C. di O.R.L. - Ospedale San Gennaro, ASL Na1, Naples
| | - E. Ascione
- U.O.C. di O.R.L. - Ospedale San Gennaro, ASL Na1, Naples
| | - F. Avvisati
- U.O.C. di O.R.L. - Ospedale San Gennaro, ASL Na1, Naples
| | - M. di Gioacchino
- Allergy Related Disease Unit, G. d'Annunzio Universtity Foundation, Chieti
| | - U. Barillari
- Servizio di Foniatria ed Audiologia, Second University of Naples, Italy
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