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Bentley A, Riutort-Mayol G. The association between intimate partner violence type and mental health in migrant women living in Spain: findings from a cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1307841. [PMID: 38145064 PMCID: PMC10740158 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1307841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The association between intimate partner violence (IPV) and mental health has been clearly established in the literature, however the differential associations between IPV type and mental health are less well understood, particularly in migrant groups who are at increased risk of both IPV and poor mental health. Under-studied and emerging forms of violence such as economic abuse and technology-facilitated abuse must be considered alongside more traditionally studied forms of IPV in order to fully understand the complex nature of violence. This study makes a novel contribution to the literature by assessing multiple forms of IPV including psychological, physical, sexual, economic and technology-facilitated IPV and their relationship with symptoms of depression and anxiety in migrant women, disaggregated by IPV type. Methods A cross-sectional survey of migrant women living in the Valencian Community of Spain was conducted, to assess experiences of IPV and symptoms of mental health. Regression analysis from the Bayesian perspective was performed. Results 1,998 women accessed the survey. They had an average age of 37, and came predominantly from Europe (49%), namely Western Europe, followed by Latin America (38%). The majority had been in Spain between 1 and 3 years, and 80% had resident status. A total of 1,156 responded to questions on violence and mental health. Results showed that the prevalence of IPV was high, with 59% of women reporting any experience of violence. Economic abuse was the most commonly reported form of violence, and showed the strongest relationship with symptoms of depression. Sexual violence was the strongest predictor of anxiety. In both cases, in the presence of violence, the odds of having more severe symptoms of depression and anxiety increases by over 2.25. Technology-facilitated abuse was as detrimental to women's mental health as face-to-face violence. Discussion The findings from the study are relevant to researchers, policy-makers and service providers. They highlight the complex nature of IPV experiences faced by migrant women and the importance of understanding how different types of IPV can impact migrant mental health, in order to ensure survivors receive adequate care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Bentley
- Instituto de Investigación en Políticas de Bienestar Social (Polibienestar), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Gabriel Riutort-Mayol
- Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
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Woerner J, Fissel ER, Flori JN, Memphis RN. Problem Drinking is Associated with Intimate Partner Cyber Abuse Perpetration but is Buffered by High Relationship Satisfaction. J Fam Violence 2023:1-14. [PMID: 36817845 PMCID: PMC9925923 DOI: 10.1007/s10896-023-00513-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Intimate partner cyber abuse (IPCA) is a prevalent form of intimate partner violence (IPV) that has detrimental effects on victims' well-being. Although research has documented associations with other forms of IPV perpetration, additional research is needed to identify IPCA perpetration risk factors. One of the most common risk factors for offline IPV is perpetrators' alcohol use; however, less is known about how this translates to online contexts. There is also a need to identify protective factors that mitigate the effects of alcohol. Methods This study evaluated associations between drinking, relationship satisfaction, and IPCA perpetration via self-report questionnaires within a longitudinal framework. Participants included 544 adults in an intimate relationship (n = 296 at T2). Results Results indicated that relationship satisfaction buffered the effects of problem drinking on IPCA perpetration at T1, but not at T2. Further, 20.2% of individuals who perpetrated IPCA at T1 drank alcohol during at least one incident, and these individuals reported more problem drinking and more frequent IPCA perpetration compared to those who reported IPCA without alcohol. Conclusion Results from this study provide insight into both risk and protective factors for IPCA perpetration among adults and have the potential to guide concurrent prevention strategies that target intersections between problem drinking, IPCA, and offline IPV, and promote healthy and satisfying intimate relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Woerner
- Department of Sociology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL USA
| | - Erica R. Fissel
- Department of Criminal Justice, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL USA
| | - Jessica N. Flori
- Department of Sociology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL USA
| | - Robyn N. Memphis
- Department of Sociology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL USA
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Tarriño-Concejero L, García-Carpintero-Muñoz MDLÁ, Barrientos-Trigo S, Gil-García E. Dating violence and its relationship with anxiety, depression, and stress in young Andalusian university students. Enferm Clin (Engl Ed) 2023; 33:47-59. [PMID: 36049645 DOI: 10.1016/j.enfcle.2022.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM To analyze the prevalence of dating violence (DV) and its relationship with states of depression, anxiety, and stress in young Andalusian university students. METHOD Cross-sectional descriptive quantitative study in 8 public universities in Andalusia. Data collection was carried out from September to November 2020 through a self-administered questionnaire that included sociodemographic variables and variables related to dating violence, depression, anxiety, and stress. For the analysis of the data, descriptive and nonparametric tests were performed through the U Mann-Whitney and Spearman Rho for the relationship between variables. RESULTS Thousand ninety-one young university students from Andalusia participated. The most prevalent DV was psychological, including behaviors related to cyberbullying, control-surveillance and psychoemotional (68.42-42.90%), followed by sexual (16.68-3.57%) and finally physical (5.60-1.92%). Statistically significant differences were shown according to sex and DV, where girls scored higher in being victims of behaviors related to cyberbullying, control-surveillance and sexual, and boys in perpetrating psycho-emotional, physical and sexual violence. All types of DV showed significant and positive correlations with depression, anxiety, and stress, except physical DV perpetrated with stress. CONCLUSIONS The high prevalence of DV and its relationship with mental health show the importance of conducting research on this line in the educational field, since it is a space that guarantees egalitarian relationships and promotes health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Tarriño-Concejero
- Grupo de Investigación PAIDI-CTS 1050 Atención Compleja, Cronicidad y Resultados de Salud, Departamento de Enfermería, Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - María de Los Ángeles García-Carpintero-Muñoz
- Grupo de Investigación PAIDI-CTS 1050 Atención Compleja, Cronicidad y Resultados de Salud, Departamento de Enfermería, Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Sergio Barrientos-Trigo
- Grupo de Investigación PAIDI-CTS 1050 Atención Compleja, Cronicidad y Resultados de Salud, Departamento de Enfermería, Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Eugenia Gil-García
- Grupo de Investigación PAIDI-CTS 1050 Atención Compleja, Cronicidad y Resultados de Salud, Departamento de Enfermería, Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
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Ronzón-Tirado R, Charak R, Cano-Gonzalez I, Karsberg S, Schnarrs PW. Latent Classes of Bidirectional Face-to-Face and Cyber Intimate Partner Violence Among Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Emerging Adults: The Role of Minority Stressors. J Interpers Violence 2022; 37:NP21092-NP21118. [PMID: 34839733 PMCID: PMC10704391 DOI: 10.1177/08862605211055158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The rates of intimate partner violence have been found to be higher among lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) individuals when compared with heterosexual populations. However, lesser is known about the impact of specific minority stressors experienced by LGB populations on their face-to-face intimate partner violence (IPV) and cyber IPV experiences. Using a three-step latent class approach, the present study investigated (i) the latent classes of self-reported types of face-to-face IPV and cyber IPV perpetration and victimization and (ii) their associations with LGB distal and proximal minority stressors (i.e., vicarious trauma, discrimination, family rejection, and LGB-identity disclosure). Participants were 288 LGB emerging adults in the age range of 18-29 years (bisexual: n = 168, gay: n = 72, and lesbian: n = 48). Findings showed the presence of four latent classes, namely, face-to-face IPV (n = 32; 37.5% gay, 18.8% lesbian, and 43.8% bisexual individuals), cyber IPV (n = 66; 33.3% gay, 12.1% lesbian, and 54.5% bisexual individuals), psychological and stalking cyber IPV (n = 89; 15.7% gay, 15.7% lesbian, and 68.5% bisexual individuals), and low IPV (n = 101; 23.8% gay, 19.8% lesbian, and 56.4% bisexual individuals). Furthermore, multinomial logistic regressions indicated that greater exposure to the minority stressors such as exposure to heterosexism, namely, discrimination and harassment, rejection from one's family of origin, and exposure to vicarious trauma, as well as a lower degree of LGB-identity disclosure, largely predicted latent classes with greater probabilities of IPV exposure, namely, cyber IPV, face-to-face IPV classes, and psychological and stalking cyber IPV. Findings suggest the importance of addressing the role of minority stressors in IPV interventions and the creation of competent LGB-related services and training modules for clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Ronzón-Tirado
- Department of Biological and Health Psychology, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ruby Charak
- Department of Psychological Science, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, USA
| | - Ines Cano-Gonzalez
- Department of Psychological Science, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, USA
| | - Sidsel Karsberg
- Centre for Alcohol and Drug Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Phillip W. Schnarrs
- Department of Population Health, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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Tarriño-Concejero L, García-Carpintero-Muñoz MDLÁ, Barrientos-Trigo S, Gil-García E. Violencia en el noviazgo y su relación con la ansiedad, la depresión y el estrés en jóvenes universitarios andaluces. Enfermería Clínica 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enfcli.2022.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Pineda D, Galán M, Martínez-Martínez A, Campagne DM, Piqueras JA. Same Personality, New Ways to Abuse: How Dark Tetrad Personalities Are Connected With Cyber Intimate Partner Violence. J Interpers Violence 2022; 37:NP11223-NP11241. [PMID: 33546557 DOI: 10.1177/0886260521991307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
New technologies bring new forms of intimate partner violence (IPV) or abuse, such as cyber intimate partner violence (C-IPV). This is a contemporary issue with different consequences from in-person IPV. C-IPV is a complex phenomenon triggered by a number of factors, including personality traits such as the Dark Tetrad, composed of four "malevolent" qualities: subclinical narcissism, Machiavellianism, subclinical psychopathy, and everyday sadism. The Dark Tetrad plays an important role in predicting the perpetration or victimization of the resulting pervasive behaviors. Although the correlations between in-person IPV and the Dark Tetrad have been studied before, to our knowledge this investigation is the first to look at the links between these four dark personality traits and C-IPV. With a sample of 1,189 participants, we measured C-IPV victimization and perpetration rates and compared the results with the Dark Tetrad profiles of the respondents. To analyze these correlations, we conducted bivariate analysis and structural equation modeling. The analysis yielded positive relations of psychopathy and narcissism with cyber controlling behaviors. Psychopathy was found to be strongly related with direct cyber aggression behaviors; sadism was mainly related with C-IPV victimization in both controlling and direct aggression, and, finally and interestingly, Machiavellianism presented negative correlations with direct cyber aggression. Remarkable is that joining sadistic personalities increased vulnerability to victimization from C-IPV direct aggression, as well as more psychopathic traits and an increased probability of perpetration. These combinations may create dangerous situations. In conclusion, we found that both C-IPV perpetrators and victims present higher scores in the dark personality traits and gender-based differences than in-person IPV actors.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Pineda
- Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Elche, Spain
- National Distance Education University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Galán
- Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Elche, Spain
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Cano-Gonzalez I, Charak R, Gilbar O, Viñas-Racionero R, Strait MK. Witnessing Parental Violence and Cyber IPV Perpetration in Hispanic Emerging Adults: The Mediating Role of Attitudes Toward IPV. J Interpers Violence 2022; 37:NP8115-NP8137. [PMID: 33246379 DOI: 10.1177/0886260520975834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies indicate that the perpetration of intimate partner violence via cyberspaces (cyber IPV), namely, psychological aggression, sexual aggression, and cyberstalking is high among emerging adults. However, little is known of the risk factors that lead to cyber IPV and far lesser within Hispanic adults. Based on the intergenerational transmission of violence hypothesis, the present study examined the indirect effect of witnessing parental violence during childhood on the three types of cyber IPV through attitudes condoning IPV in Hispanic men and women, separately. Participants were 1,136 Hispanic emerging adults in the age range of 18-29 years (M = 20.53 years, SD = 2.42; 72.5% women, 88% Mexican descent). Over half of the participants (54.2%) witnessed at least one instance of parental violence during childhood. In contrast to women, men were more likely to hold attitudes accepting of IPV and perpetrate cyber sexual IPV, whereas women were more likely to report cyberstalking perpetration. Men and women with exposure to mother-to-father violence held attitudes justifying IPV that was associated with perpetrating the three cyber IPV types in adulthood (women: Brange = .016-.036; men: Brange = .016-.024). No significant gender differences were found in the associations of mother-to-father WPV and father-to-mother WPV on the three types of cyber IPV perpetration. These findings are discussed in the context of Hispanic culture, which has specific implications for cyber IPV intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ruby Charak
- The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Megan K Strait
- The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, USA
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Monteiro AP, Correia E, Guedes S. Ciberabuso no namoro em estudantes do ensino superior: autoestima e tempo de duração da relação. R Est Inv Psico y Educ 2022. [DOI: 10.17979/reipe.2022.9.0.8910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
O aumento da popularidade, quer das novas tecnologias, quer da Internet, tem dado oportunidade ao surgimento de novas formas de violência. O ciberabuso no namoro representa uma nova forma de violência no namoro, tendo o mesmo vindo a ganhar dimensões preocupantes. Assim, este estudo tem como objetivos caraterizar a prevalência do ciberabuso no namoro, estudar a relação entre o ciberabuso no namoro e a autoestima, e averiguar se existem diferenças no ciberabuso no namoro consoante o tempo de duração da relação. Participaram 894 estudantes do ensino superior com idades compreendidas entre os 17 e os 56 anos (M = 21.27, DP = 3.69). Foram aplicados um Questionário Sociodemográfico, o Questionário sobre Ciberabuso no Namoro e a Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que mais de 50% dos participantes sofreram e/ou perpetraram ciberabuso no namoro, verificando-se uma prevalência superior de ciberabuso no namoro por controlo. A autoestima relacionou-se significativamente com alguns fatores desta tipologia de violência, verificando-se ainda que indivíduos que nunca tinham sido vítimas de ciberabuso no namoro, bem como aqueles que nunca tinham perpetrado ciberabuso no namoro, apresentaram uma autoestima mais baixa. Por fim, observou-se que os participantes que estavam há mais tempo numa relação praticaram mais atos de agressão por controlo. Assim, parece pertinente adotar medidas de consciencialização acerca deste fenómeno.
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