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Duncan Z, Ward B, Kippen R, Dietze P, Sutton K. A narrative systematic review of associations and temporality between use of methamphetamine, ecstasy/MDMA, or cocaine with anxiety or depressive symptoms. Addict Behav 2024; 153:107988. [PMID: 38394960 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.107988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Anxiety and depression are prevalent mental health problems in people who use illicit stimulants. Improved understanding of the temporal relationship between methamphetamine, ecstasy/MDMA, or cocaine use with anxiety or depression informs public health interventions and treatment options for those experiencing this co-occurrence. This narrative systematic review sought to examine associations and temporality between the use of methamphetamine, ecstasy/MDMA, or cocaine, with anxiety or depressive symptoms. Method Systematic searches of 4 electronic databases were conducted up to August 2023. Study eligibility included the measurement of anxiety and/or depressive symptoms, and frequency of illicit stimulant use (methamphetamine, cocaine, or ecstasy/MDMA) at two separate time points, with data analysis of the association between these variables. The Joanna Briggs Critical Appraisal Checklist was utilised to assess quality. Data was extracted, and a narrative synthesis incorporating an eight-criteria framework to assess associations was conducted. Results 4432 studies were screened for eligibility; 11 studies (3 RCTs and 8 prospective cohort studies) were included. Evidence for an association between depressive symptoms and methamphetamine use was demonstrated in six studies, with temporal evidence in three studies supporting methamphetamine use preceding depressive symptoms. Three studies reported an association between cocaine use and depressive symptoms. Evidence for associations with any of the illicit stimulants and anxiety symptoms was lacking. CONCLUSIONS There was some evidence to support a case for temporality, particularly for methamphetamine use and depressive symptoms. Investing in longitudinal studies is pivotal to understanding the dynamic and reciprocal relationship between illicit stimulant use and anxiety or depressive symptoms. A limitation of the study was the variation in the measurement and analysis of outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe Duncan
- Monash Rural Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Bernadette Ward
- Monash Rural Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Behaviours and Health Risks Program, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rebecca Kippen
- Monash Rural Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Paul Dietze
- Behaviours and Health Risks Program, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; National Drug Research Institute, Curtin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Keith Sutton
- Monash Rural Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; National Drug Research Institute, Curtin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Kirkland AE, Green R, Browning BD, Aghamoosa S, Meyerhoff DJ, Ferguson PL, Tomko RL, Gray KM, Squeglia LM. Multi-modal neuroimaging reveals differences in alcohol-cue reactivity but not neurometabolite concentrations in adolescents who drink alcohol. Drug Alcohol Depend 2024; 257:111254. [PMID: 38457964 PMCID: PMC11031292 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.111254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this multi-modal neuroimaging study was to identify neuroscience-informed treatment targets for adolescent alcohol use disorder (AUD) by examining potential neural alterations associated with adolescent alcohol use. METHODS Adolescents (ages 17-19) who heavily used (n=49) or did not use alcohol (n=22) were recruited for a multi-modal neuroimaging protocol, including proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy within the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and an fMRI alcohol cue-reactivity task. The alcohol cue-reactivity task was analyzed across 11 a priori regions-of-interest (ROI), including the dACC, and in an exploratory whole-brain approach. Correlations were run between neurometabolite levels and alcohol cue-reactivity in the dACC. RESULTS There were no significant group differences in absolute neurometabolite concentrations. Compared to the control group, the alcohol-using group exhibited heightened alcohol cue reactivity in the left amygdala ROI (p=0.04). The whole-brain approach identified higher alcohol cue reactivity in the alcohol-using group compared to controls in the amygdala and occipital regions, and lower reactivity in the parietal lobe. Whole-brain sex effects were noted, with females displaying higher reactivity regardless of group. No significant correlations were found between neurometabolite levels and alcohol cue-reactivity in the dACC. CONCLUSIONS The null neurometabolic findings may be due to age, relatively low severity of alcohol use, and non-treatment-seeking status of the participants. Females showed overall higher reactivity to alcohol cues, indicating a sex effect regardless of alcohol use history. Higher amygdala reactivity in alcohol-using adolescents suggests that emotional processing related to alcohol cues may be a useful target for future adolescent AUD interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna E Kirkland
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
| | - ReJoyce Green
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Brittney D Browning
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Stephanie Aghamoosa
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Dieter J Meyerhoff
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Pamela L Ferguson
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Rachel L Tomko
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Kevin M Gray
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Lindsay M Squeglia
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
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Fenzl M, Backens M, Bodea S, Wittemann M, Werler F, Brielmaier J, Wolf RC, Reith W. Impact of cannabis use on brain metabolism using 31P and 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Neuroradiology 2023; 65:1631-1648. [PMID: 37735222 PMCID: PMC10567915 DOI: 10.1007/s00234-023-03220-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This prospective cross-sectional study investigated the influence of regular cannabis use on brain metabolism in young cannabis users by using combined proton and phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy. METHODS The study was performed in 45 young cannabis users aged 18-30, who had been using cannabis on a regular basis over a period of at least 2 years and in 47 age-matched controls. We acquired 31P MRS data in different brain regions at 3T with a double-resonant 1H/31P head coil, anatomic images, and 1H MRS data with a standard 20-channel 1H head coil. Absolute concentration values of proton metabolites were obtained via calibration from tissue water as an internal reference, whereas a standard solution of 75 mmol/l KH2PO4 was used as an external reference for the calibration of phosphorus signals. RESULTS We found an overall but not statistically significant lower concentration level of several proton and phosphorus metabolites in cannabis users compared to non-users. In particular, energy-related phosphates such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and inorganic phosphate (Pi) were reduced in all regions under investigation. Phosphocreatine (PCr) showed lowered values mainly in the left basal ganglia and the left frontal white matter. CONCLUSION The results suggest that the increased risk of functional brain disorders observed in long-term cannabis users could be caused by an impairment of the energy metabolism of the brain, but this needs to be verified in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Fenzl
- Institute of Neuroradiology, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany.
| | - Martin Backens
- Institute of Neuroradiology, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany.
| | - Silviu Bodea
- Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, 85748, Munich, Germany
| | - Miriam Wittemann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Florian Werler
- Department of General Psychiatry at the Center for Psychosocial Medicine, Heidelberg University, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jule Brielmaier
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, RKH Clinic Ludwigsburg, 71640, Ludwigsburg, Germany
| | - Robert Christian Wolf
- Department of General Psychiatry at the Center for Psychosocial Medicine, Heidelberg University, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Reith
- Institute of Neuroradiology, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany
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Shahid SS, Grecco GG, Atwood BK, Wu YC. Perturbed neurochemical and microstructural organization in a mouse model of prenatal opioid exposure: A multi-modal magnetic resonance study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282756. [PMID: 37471385 PMCID: PMC10358947 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Methadone-based treatment for pregnant women with opioid use disorder is quite prevalent in the clinical environment. A number of clinical and animal model-based studies have reported cognitive deficits in infants prenatally exposed to methadone-based opioid treatments. However, the long-term impact of prenatal opioid exposure (POE) on pathophysiological mechanisms that govern neurodevelopmental impairment is not well understood. Using a translationally relevant mouse model of prenatal methadone exposure (PME), the aim of this study is to investigate the role of cerebral biochemistry and its possible association with regional microstructural organization in PME offspring. To understand these effects, 8-week-old male offspring with PME (n = 7) and prenatal saline exposure (PSE) (n = 7) were scanned in vivo on 9.4 Tesla small animal scanner. Single voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) was performed in the right dorsal striatum (RDS) region using a short echo time (TE) Stimulated Echo Acquisition Method (STEAM) sequence. Neurometabolite spectra from the RDS was first corrected for tissue T1 relaxation and then absolute quantification was performed using the unsuppressed water spectra. High-resolution in vivo diffusion MRI (dMRI) for region of interest (ROI) based microstructural quantification was also performed using a multi-shell dMRI sequence. Cerebral microstructure was characterized using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and Bingham-neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (Bingham-NODDI). MRS results in the RDS showed significant decrease in N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), taurine (tau), glutathione (GSH), total creatine (tCr) and glutamate (Glu) concentration levels in PME, compared to PSE group. In the same RDS region, mean orientation dispersion index (ODI) and intracellular volume fraction (VFIC) demonstrated positive associations with tCr in PME group. ODI also exhibited significant positive association with Glu levels in PME offspring. Significant reduction in major neurotransmitter metabolites and energy metabolism along with strong association between the neurometabolites and perturbed regional microstructural complexity suggest a possible impaired neuroadaptation trajectory in PME offspring which could be persistent even into late adolescence and early adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Salman Shahid
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Gregory G. Grecco
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Brady K. Atwood
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Yu-Chien Wu
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
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Smucny J, Maddock RJ. Spectroscopic meta-analyses reveal novel metabolite profiles across methamphetamine and cocaine substance use disorder. Drug Alcohol Depend 2023; 248:109900. [PMID: 37148676 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.109900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) has been used to study metabolite alterations in stimulant (methamphetamine and cocaine) substance use disorders (SUDs) for over 25 years, data-driven consensus regarding the nature and magnitude of these alterations is lacking. METHOD In this meta-analysis, we examined associations between SUD and regional metabolites (N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), choline, myo-inositol, creatine, glutamate, and glutamate+glutamine (glx)) in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), frontal white matter (FWM), occipital cortex, and basal ganglia as measured by 1 H-MRS. We also examined moderating effects of MRS acquisition parameters (echo time (TE), field strength), data quality (coefficient of variation (COV)), and demographic/clinical variables. RESULTS A MEDLINE search revealed 28 articles that met meta-analytic criteria. Significant effects included lower mPFC NAA, higher mPFC myo-inositol, and lower mPFC creatine in SUD relative to people without SUD. mPFC NAA effects were moderated by TE, with larger effects at longer TEs. For choline, although no group effects were observed, effect sizes in the mPFC were related to MRS technical indicators (field strength, COV). No effects of age, sex, primary drug of use (methamphetamine vs. cocaine), duration of use, or duration of abstinence were observed. Evidence for moderating effects of TE and COV may have implications for future MRS studies in SUDs. CONCLUSIONS The observed metabolite profile in methamphetamine and cocaine SUD (lower NAA and creatine with higher myo-inositol) parallels that observed in Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment, suggesting these drugs are associated with neurometabolic differences similar to those characterizing these neurodegenerative conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Smucny
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, Davis, USA.
| | - Richard J Maddock
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, Davis, USA
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Shahid SS, Grecco GG, Atwood BK, Wu YC. Perturbed neurochemical and microstructural organization in a mouse model of prenatal opioid exposure: a multi-modal magnetic resonance study. bioRxiv 2023:2023.02.23.529659. [PMID: 36865153 PMCID: PMC9980104 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.23.529659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Methadone-based treatment for pregnant women with opioid use disorder is quite prevalent in the clinical environment. A number of clinical and animal model-based studies have reported cognitive deficits in infants prenatally exposed to methadone-based opioid treatments. However, the long-term impact of prenatal opioid exposure (POE) on pathophysiological mechanisms that govern neurodevelopmental impairment is not well understood. Using a translationally relevant mouse model of prenatal methadone exposure (PME), the aim of this study is to investigate the role of cerebral biochemistry and its possible association with regional microstructural organization in PME offspring. To understand these effects, 8- week-old male offspring with PME (n=7) and prenatal saline exposure (PSE) (n=7) were scanned in vivo on 9.4 Tesla small animal scanner. Single voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 1 H-MRS) was performed in the right dorsal striatum (RDS) region using a short echo time (TE) Stimulated Echo Acquisition Method (STEAM) sequence. Neurometabolite spectra from the RDS was first corrected for tissue T1 relaxation and then absolute quantification was performed using the unsuppressed water spectra. High-resolution in vivo diffusion MRI (dMRI) for region of interest (ROI) based microstructural quantification was also performed using a multi-shell dMRI sequence. Cerebral microstructure was characterized using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and Bingham-neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (Bingham-NODDI). MRS results in the RDS showed significant decrease in N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), taurine (tau), glutathione (GSH), total creatine (tCr) and glutamate (Glu) concentration levels in PME, compared to PSE group. In the same RDS region, mean orientation dispersion index (ODI) and intracellular volume fraction (VF IC ) demonstrated positive associations with tCr in PME group. ODI also exhibited significant positive association with Glu levels in PME offspring. Significant reduction in major neurotransmitter metabolites and energy metabolism along with strong association between the neurometabolites and perturbed regional microstructural complexity suggest a possible impaired neuroadaptation trajectory in PME offspring which could be persistent even into late adolescence and early adulthood.
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7
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Kirkland AE, Browning BD, Green R, Leggio L, Meyerhoff DJ, Squeglia LM. Brain metabolite alterations related to alcohol use: a meta-analysis of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:3223-3236. [PMID: 35508628 PMCID: PMC10578135 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01594-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol misuse and alcohol use disorder (AlUD) have neurobiological consequences. This meta-analysis of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) studies aimed to assess the differences in brain metabolite levels in alcohol misuse and AUD relative to controls (PROSPERO registration: CRD42020209890). Hedge's g with random-effects modeling was used. Sub-group and meta-regression techniques explored potential sources of demographic and MRS parameter heterogeneity. A comprehensive literature review identified 43 studies, resulting in 69 models across gray and white matter (GM, WM). Lower N-acetylaspartate levels were found in frontal, anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), hippocampal, and cerebellar GM, and frontal and parietal WM, suggesting decreased neuronal and axonal viability. Lower choline-containing metabolite levels (all metabolites contributing to choline peak) were found in frontal, temporal, thalamic, and cerebellar GM, and frontal and parietal WM, suggesting membrane alterations related to alcohol misuse. Lower creatine-containing metabolite levels (Cr; all metabolites contributing to Cr peak) were found in temporal and occipital cortical GM, while higher levels were noted in midbrain/brainstem GM; this finding may have implications for using Cr as an internal reference. The lack of significant group differences in glutamate-related levels is possibly related to biological and methodological complexities. The few studies reporting on GABA found lower levels restricted to the ACC. Confounding variables were age, abstinence duration, treatment status, and MRS parameters (echo time, quantification type, data quality). This first meta-analysis of proton MRS studies consolidates the numerous individual studies to identify neurometabolite alterations within alcohol misuse and AUD. Future studies can leverage this new formalized information to investigate treatments that might effectively target the observed disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna E Kirkland
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
| | - Brittney D Browning
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - ReJoyce Green
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Lorenzo Leggio
- National Institutes of Health, NIDA and NIAAA, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dieter J Meyerhoff
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco and VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Lindsay M Squeglia
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
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Shyu C, Elsaid S, Truong P, Chavez S, Le Foll B. MR Spectroscopy of the Insula: Within- and between-Session Reproducibility of MEGA-PRESS Measurements of GABA+ and Other Metabolites. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11111538. [PMID: 34827537 PMCID: PMC8615582 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11111538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The insula plays a critical role in many neuropsychological disorders. Research investigating its neurochemistry with magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) has been limited compared with cortical regions. Here, we investigate the within-session and between-session reproducibility of metabolite measurements in the insula on a 3T scanner. We measure N-acetylaspartate + N-acetylaspartylglutamate (tNAA), creatine + phosphocreatine (tCr), glycerophosphocholine + phosphocholine (tCho), myo-inositol (Ins), glutamate + glutamine (Glx), and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in one cohort using a j-edited MEGA-PRESS sequence. We measure tNAA, tCr, tCho, Ins, and Glx in another cohort with a standard short-TE PRESS sequence as a reference for the reproducibility metrics. All participants were scanned 4 times identically: 2 back-to-back scans each day, on 2 days. Preprocessing was done using LCModel and Gannet. Reproducibility was determined using Pearson’s r, intraclass-correlation coefficients (ICC), coefficients of variation (CV%), and Bland–Altman plots. A MEGA-PRESS protocol requiring averaged results over two 6:45-min scans yielded reproducible GABA measurements (CV% = 7.15%). This averaging also yielded reproducibility metrics comparable to those from PRESS for the other metabolites. Voxel placement inconsistencies did not affect reproducibility, and no sex differences were found. The data suggest that MEGA-PRESS can reliably measure standard metabolites and GABA in the insula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Shyu
- Translational Addiction Research Laboratory, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 2S1, Canada; (C.S.); (S.E.)
- Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada; (P.T.); (S.C.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Sonja Elsaid
- Translational Addiction Research Laboratory, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 2S1, Canada; (C.S.); (S.E.)
- Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada; (P.T.); (S.C.)
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Peter Truong
- Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada; (P.T.); (S.C.)
| | - Sofia Chavez
- Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada; (P.T.); (S.C.)
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Brain and Therapeutics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Bernard Le Foll
- Translational Addiction Research Laboratory, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 2S1, Canada; (C.S.); (S.E.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Brain and Therapeutics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- Concurrent Outpatient Medical & Psychosocial Addiction Support Services, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M6J 1H4, Canada
- Acute Care Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M6J 1H3, Canada
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-416-535-8501
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9
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Kohut SJ, Kaufman MJ. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies of substance use disorders: Current landscape and potential future directions. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2020; 200:173090. [PMID: 33333132 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2020.173090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Over 200 in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) studies of substance use and related disorders (SUD) were published this past decade. The large majority of this work used proton (1H)-MRS to characterize effects of acute and chronic exposures to drugs of abuse on human brain metabolites including N-acetylaspartate, choline-containing metabolites, creatine plus phosphocreatine, glutamate, and GABA. Some studies used phosphorus (31P)-MRS to quantify biomarkers of cerebral metabolism including phosphocreatine and adenosine triphosphate. A few studies used carbon (13C)-MRS to quantify intermediary metabolism. This Mini-review discusses select studies that illustrate how MRS can complement neurocircuitry research including by use of multimodal imaging strategies that combine MRS with functional MRI (fMRI) and/or diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Additionally, magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI), which enables simultaneous multivoxel MRS acquisitions, can be used to better understand and interpret whole-brain functional or structural connectivity data. The review discusses some limitations in MRS methodology and then highlights important knowledge gaps and areas for potential future investigation, including the use of 1H- and 31P-MRS to quantify cerebral metabolism, oxidative stress, inflammation, and brain temperature, all of which are associated with SUD and all of which can influence neurocircuitry and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Kohut
- Behavioral Biology Research Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478, USA; McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478, USA; Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
| | - Marc J Kaufman
- McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478, USA; Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Belmont, MA 02478, USA.
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Towe SL, Meade CS, Cloak CC, Bell RP, Baptiste J, Chang L. Reciprocal Influences of HIV and Cannabinoids on the Brain and Cognitive Function. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2020; 15:765-779. [PMID: 32445005 PMCID: PMC7680275 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-020-09921-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Globally, cannabis is the most commonly used illicit drug, with disproportionately high use among persons with HIV. Despite advances in HIV care, nearly half of persons living with HIV continue to experience neurocognitive deficits or impairments that may have negative impacts on their daily function. Chronic cannabis use may play a role in the development or exacerbation of these impairments. Here we present a review summarizing existing research detailing the effect of cannabis use associated with the neuropathogenesis of HIV. We examine evidence for possible additive or synergistic effects of HIV infection and cannabis use on neuroHIV in both the preclinical and adult human literatures, including in vitro studies, animal models, clinical neuroimaging research, and studies examining the cognitive effects of cannabis. We discuss the limitations of existing research, including methodological challenges involved with clinical research with human subjects. We identify gaps in the field and propose critical research questions to advance our understanding of how cannabis use affects neuroHIV. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheri L Towe
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
| | - Christina S Meade
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
| | - Christine C Cloak
- Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 670 W. Baltimore Street, HSF III, Room 1161, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Ryan P Bell
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
| | - Julian Baptiste
- Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 670 W. Baltimore Street, HSF III, Room 1161, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Linda Chang
- Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 670 W. Baltimore Street, HSF III, Room 1161, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
- John A Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA.
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Saleh MG, Edden RAE, Chang L, Ernst T. Motion correction in magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Magn Reson Med 2020; 84:2312-2326. [PMID: 32301174 PMCID: PMC8386494 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy and spectroscopic imaging (MRS/MRSI) are valuable tools to study normal and abnormal human brain physiology. However, they are sensitive to motion, due to strong crusher gradients, long acquisition times, reliance on high magnetic field homogeneity, and particular acquisition methods such as spectral editing. The effects of motion include incorrect spatial localization, phase fluctuations, incoherent averaging, line broadening, and ultimately quantitation errors. Several retrospective methods have been proposed to correct motion-related artifacts. Recent advances in hardware also allow prospective (real-time) correction of the effects of motion, including adjusting voxel location, center frequency, and magnetic field homogeneity. This article reviews prospective and retrospective methods available in the literature and their implications for clinical MRS/MRSI. In combination, these methods can attenuate or eliminate most motion-related artifacts and facilitate the acquisition of high-quality data in the clinical research setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad G. Saleh
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Maryland, USA
- F. M. Kirby Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Richard A. E. Edden
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Maryland, USA
- F. M. Kirby Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Linda Chang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, USA
| | - Thomas Ernst
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, USA
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12
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Abulseoud OA, Ross TJ, Nam HW, Caparelli EC, Tennekoon M, Schleyer B, Castillo J, Fedota J, Gu H, Yang Y, Stein E. Short-term nicotine deprivation alters dorsal anterior cingulate glutamate concentration and concomitant cingulate-cortical functional connectivity. Neuropsychopharmacology 2020; 45:1920-30. [PMID: 32559759 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-020-0741-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Most cigarette smokers who wish to quit too often relapse within the first few days of abstinence, primarily due to the aversive aspects of the nicotine withdrawal syndrome (NWS), which remains poorly understood. Considerable research has suggested that the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) plays a key role in nicotine dependence, with its functional connections between other brain regions altered as a function of trait addiction and state withdrawal. The flow of information between dACC and fronto-striatal regions is secured through different pathways, the vast majority of which are glutamatergic. As such, we investigated dACC activity using resting state functional connectivity (rsFC) with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and glutamate (Glu) concentration with magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). We also investigated the changes in adenosine levels in plasma during withdrawal as a surrogate for brain adenosine, which plays a role in fine-tuning synaptic glutamate transmission. Using a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized crossover design, nontreatment seeking smoking participants (N = 30) completed two imaging sessions, one while nicotine sated and another after 36 h nicotine abstinence. We observed reduced dACC Glu (P = 0.029) along with a significant reduction in plasma adenosine (P = 0.03) and adenosine monophosphate (AMP; P < 0.0001) concentrations during nicotine withdrawal in comparison with nicotine sated state. This withdrawal state manipulation also led to an increase in rsFC strength (P < 0.05) between dACC and several frontal cortical regions, including left superior frontal gyrus (LSFG), and right middle frontal gyrus (RMFG). Moreover, the state-trait changes in dACC Glu and rsFC strength between the dACC and both SFG and MFG were positively correlated (P = 0.012, and P = 0.007, respectively). Finally, the change in circuit strength between dACC and LSFG was negatively correlated with the change in withdrawal symptom manifestations as measured by the Wisconsin Smoking Withdrawal Scale (P = 0.04) and Tobacco Craving Questionnaire (P = 0.014). These multimodal imaging-behavioral findings reveal the complex cascade of changes induced by acute nicotine deprivation and call for further investigation into the potential utility of adenosine- and glutamate-signaling as novel therapeutic targets to treat the NWS.
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13
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Baj J, Flieger W, Teresiński G, Buszewicz G, Sitarz E, Forma A, Karakuła K, Maciejewski R. Magnesium, Calcium, Potassium, Sodium, Phosphorus, Selenium, Zinc, and Chromium Levels in Alcohol Use Disorder: A Review. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E1901. [PMID: 32570709 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9061901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Macronutrients and trace elements are important components of living tissues that have different metabolic properties and functions. Trace elements participate in the regulation of immunity through humoral and cellular mechanisms, nerve conduction, muscle spasms, membrane potential regulation as well as mitochondrial activity and enzymatic reactions. Excessive alcohol consumption disrupts the concentrations of crucial trace elements, also increasing the risk of enhanced oxidative stress and alcohol-related liver diseases. In this review, we present the status of selected macroelements and trace elements in the serum and plasma of people chronically consuming alcohol. Such knowledge helps to understand the mechanisms of chronic alcohol-use disorder and to progress and prevent withdrawal effects, also improving treatment strategies.
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14
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Li J, Ren H, He Y, Li Z, Ma X, Yuan L, Ouyang L, Zhou J, Wang D, Li C, Chen X, Han H, Tang J. Anterior Cingulate Cortex Glutamate Levels Are Related to Response to Initial Antipsychotic Treatment in Drug-Naive First-Episode Schizophrenia Patients. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:553269. [PMID: 33192666 PMCID: PMC7644538 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.553269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The glutamatergic system has previously been shown to be involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and the mechanisms of action of antipsychotic treatment. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between the levels of glutamate (Glu) or Glu/total creatine (Glu/Cr+PCr) in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and psychiatric symptoms as well as the response to antipsychotic treatment. We performed proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) to measure Glu and Glu/Cr+PCr in the ACC of 35 drug-naïve first-episode schizophrenia (FES) patients and 40 well-matched healthy controls (HCs). After scanning, we treated the patients with risperidone for eight weeks. Remission status was based on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) scores at week 8. At baseline, there were no significant differences in the levels of Glu or Glu/Cr+PCr in the ACC between drug-naïve FES patients and HCs. Lower baseline levels of Glu/Cr+PCr but not Glu in the ACC were associated with more severe negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Compared to the remission group (RM), the non-remission group (NRM) had lower baseline ACC Glu levels (P < 0.05). Our results suggest that ACC Glu levels may be related to the severity of symptoms in the early stages of schizophrenia and therefore may be a marker with which to evaluate the treatment effect of antipsychotics in schizophrenia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinguang Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Affiliated Wuhan Mental Health Center, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Honghong Ren
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying He
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - ZongChang Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoqian Ma
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liu Yuan
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lijun Ouyang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Suzhou Psychiatric Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chunwang Li
- Department of Radiology, Hunan Childen's Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaogang Chen
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongying Han
- Department of Psychiatry, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinsong Tang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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15
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Liachenko S, Ramu J. Sex differences in the effect of acute administration of nicotine on MRS-measured metabolic profile of the rat brain. Neurosci Res 2019; 157:51-57. [PMID: 31381938 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2019.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Women are less able to stop smoking than men. Elucidation of sex differences in the tobacco addiction could facilitate personalized treatment. Specialized brain reward systems are controlling the behavior through reinforcement using specific neuromediators. Using non-invasive magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to ascertain addiction/harm biomarkers could lead to better management of public health through advancements in regulatory and translational research. Proton MRS was used to monitor changes of specific neurometabolites in hippocampus (HC), nucleus accumbens (NAC), and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) of rats of both sexes after single intraperitoneal injection of nicotine. At the baseline, male rats showed higher level of GABA, taurine, N-acetyl aspartate, and creatine in HC, and taurine in NAC. Also, there were stronger correlations between neurometabolites in females than in males at the baseline. Nicotine administration changed taurine, GABA, myo-inositol, choline, and N-acetyl aspartate in HC, and taurine in NAC. Significant interactions between time, treatment, and sex were detected for taurine and choline in HC. The number of inter-metabolite correlations increased significantly in ACC and decreased in NAC and HC in females after nicotine administration, while in males it was unchanged. There are distinct sex differences in neurometabolic profiles at the baseline and after acute nicotine administration. Nicotine changes inter-metabolite correlations in females more than in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serguei Liachenko
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA.
| | - Jaivijay Ramu
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
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16
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Wang AM, Pradhan S, Coughlin JM, Trivedi A, DuBois SL, Crawford JL, Sedlak TW, Nucifora FC, Nestadt G, Nucifora LG, Schretlen DJ, Sawa A, Barker PB. Assessing Brain Metabolism With 7-T Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Patients With First-Episode Psychosis. JAMA Psychiatry 2019; 76:314-323. [PMID: 30624573 PMCID: PMC6439827 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.3637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The use of high-field magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in multiple brain regions of a large population of human participants facilitates in vivo study of localized or diffusely altered brain metabolites in patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP) compared to healthy participants. OBJECTIVE To compare metabolite levels in 5 brain regions between patients with FEP (evaluated within 2 years of onset) and healthy controls, and to explore possible associations between targeted metabolite levels and neuropsychological test performance. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Cross-sectional design used 7-T MRS at a research MR imaging facility in participants recruited from clinics at the Johns Hopkins Schizophrenia Center and the local population. Eighty-one patients who had received a DSM-IV diagnosis of FEP within the last 2 years and 91 healthy age-matched (but not sex-matched) volunteers participated. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Brain metabolite levels including glutamate, glutamine, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), N-acetylaspartate, N-acetylaspartyl glutamate, and glutathione, as well as performance on neuropsychological tests. RESULTS The mean (SD) age of 81 patients with FEP was 22.3 (4.4) years and 57 were male, while the mean (SD) age of 91 healthy participants was 23.3 (3.9) years and 42 were male. Compared with healthy participants, patients with FEP had lower levels of glutamate (F1,162 = 8.63, P = .02), N-acetylaspartate (F1,161 = 5.93, P = .03), GABA (F1,163 = 6.38, P = .03), and glutathione (F1,162 = 4.79, P = .04) in the anterior cingulate (all P values are corrected for multiple comparisons); lower levels of N-acetylaspartate in the orbitofrontal region (F1,136 = 7.23, P = .05) and thalamus (F1,133 = 6.78, P = .03); and lower levels of glutathione in the thalamus (F1,135 = 7.57, P = .03). Among patients with FEP, N-acetylaspartate levels in the centrum semiovale white matter were significantly correlated with performance on neuropsychological tests, including processing speed (r = 0.48; P < .001), visual (r = 0.33; P = .04) and working (r = 0.38; P = .01) memory, and overall cognitive performance (r = 0.38; P = .01). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Seven-tesla MRS offers insights into biochemical changes associated with FEP and may be a useful tool for probing brain metabolism that ranges from neurotransmission to stress-associated pathways in participants with psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M. Wang
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Subechhya Pradhan
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jennifer M. Coughlin
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Aditi Trivedi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Samantha L. DuBois
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jeffrey L. Crawford
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Thomas W. Sedlak
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Fredrick C. Nucifora
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Gerald Nestadt
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Leslie G. Nucifora
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - David J. Schretlen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Akira Sawa
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland,Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland,Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Peter B. Barker
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland,Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
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17
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Burger A, Brooks SJ, Stein DJ, Howells FM. The impact of acute and short-term methamphetamine abstinence on brain metabolites: A proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy chemical shift imaging study. Drug Alcohol Depend 2018; 185:226-37. [PMID: 29471227 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abuse of methamphetamine (MA) is a global health concern. Previous 1H-MRS studies have found that, with methamphetamine abstinence (MAA), there are changes in n-acetyl-aspartate (NAA/Cr), myo-inositol (mI/Cr), choline (Cho/Cr and Cho/NAA), and glutamate with glutamine (Glx) metabolites. Limited studies have investigated the effect of acute MAA, and acute-to-short-term MAA on brain metabolites. METHODS Adults with chronic MA dependence (n = 31) and healthy controls (n = 22) were recruited. Two-dimensional chemical shift 1H-MRS imaging (TR2000 ms, TE30 ms) slice was performed and included voxels in bilateral anterior-cingulate (ACC), frontal-white-matter (FWM), and dorsolateral-prefrontal-cortices (DLPFC). Control participants were scanned once. The MA group was scanned twice, with acute (1.5 ± 0.6 weeks, n = 31) and short-term MAA (5.1 ± 0.8 weeks, n = 22). The change in 1H-MRS metabolites over time (n = 19) was also investigated. Standard 1H-MRS metabolites are reported relative to Cr + PCr. RESULTS Acute MAA showed lower n-acetyl-aspartate (NAA) and n-acetyl-aspartate with n-acetyl-aspartyl-glutamate (NAA + NAAG) in left DLPFC, and glycerophosphocholine with phosphocholine (GPC + PCh) in left FWM. Short-term MAA showed lower NAA + NAAG and higher myo-inositol (mI) in right ACC, lower NAA and NAA + NAAG in the left DLPFC, and lower GPC + PCh in left FWM. Over time, MAA showed decreased NAA and NAA + NAAG and increased mI in right ACC, decreased NAA and NAA + NAAG in right FWM, and decreased in mI in left FWM. CONCLUSION In acute MAA, there was damage to the integrity of neuronal tissue, which was enhanced with short-term MAA. From acute to short-term MAA, activation of neuroinflammatory processes are suggested. This is the first 1H-MRS study to report the development of neuroinflammation with loss of neuronal integrity in MAA.
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18
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de Souza RSM, Rosa M, Rodrigues TM, Escobar TDC, Gasparetto EL, Nakamura-Palacios EM. Lower Choline Rate in the Left Prefrontal Cortex Is Associated With Higher Amount of Alcohol Use in Alcohol Use Disorder. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:563. [PMID: 30464749 PMCID: PMC6234763 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive and long-term alcohol consumption produce metabolic changes, such as of choline, in many brain regions in alcohol use disorder (AUD) and in non-AUD subjects as well. This study examined the association of choline proportion in the prefrontal cortex with pattern of alcohol use in AUD patients. The choline metabolite was acquired through a single voxel Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1H MRS). Between-groups comparison corrected by age showed that the ratio of Choline/Creatine (Cho/Cr) was significantly smaller (p = 0.005) in the Left Prefrontal (LPF) of AUD patients when compared to paired non-AUD subjects. A multiple regression analysis corrected by age showed that decreasing ratios of Cho/Cr in the LPF was associated with increasing amount of alcohol consumption in drinks per day (p < 0.01) in AUD patients. Rates of Cho/Cr in the LPF was inversely related to amounts of alcohol consumption possibly indicating the severity of the AUD. Thus, low proportion of Cho/Cr in the LPF could indicate more severe AUD (higher alcohol intake).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Stênio Moll de Souza
- Department of Internal Medicine, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil.,Health Sciences Center, University Hospital Cassiano Antônio de Moraes, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil.,Department of Radiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,BRAEN - Brazilian Research Group on Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Marcos Rosa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Thaísa Malbar Rodrigues
- Department of Internal Medicine, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Thayssa Dalla Costa Escobar
- Health Sciences Center, University Hospital Cassiano Antônio de Moraes, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil.,BRAEN - Brazilian Research Group on Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | | | - Ester Miyuki Nakamura-Palacios
- BRAEN - Brazilian Research Group on Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil.,Laboratory of Cognitive Sciences and Neuropsychopharmacology, Graduation Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
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19
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Zahr NM, Carr RA, Rohlfing T, Mayer D, Sullivan EV, Colrain IM, Pfefferbaum A. Brain metabolite levels in recently sober individuals with alcohol use disorder: Relation to drinking variables and relapse. Psychiatry Res 2016; 250:42-49. [PMID: 27035062 PMCID: PMC5426815 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2016.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) studies in alcohol use disorder (AUD) typically report lower levels of N-acetylaspartate (NAA) and choline-containing compounds (Cho) in several brain regions. Metabolite levels, however, are labile and can be affected by several competing factors, some related to drinking variables.. This in vivo MRS study included 20 recently sober (19.6±12.6 days) individuals with AUD and 15 controls. MRS was performed in single voxels placed in frontal white matter and thalamic regions using Constant-Time Point Resolved Spectroscopy (CT-PRESS) for absolute quantification of NAA, Cho, total creatine (tCr), and glutamate (Glu). A trend toward a thalamic NAA deficit in the total AUD group compared with controls was attributable to the subgroup of alcoholics who relapsed 3 or so months after scanning. In the total AUD group, frontal and thalamic NAA and Cho levels were lower with more recent drinking; frontal and thalamic Cho levels were also lower in AUD individuals with past stimulant abuse. Thalamic Cho levels were higher in binge-drinking AUD individuals and in those with longer length of alcohol dependence. MRS-visible metabolite peaks appear to be modulated by variables related to drinking behaviors, suggesting a sensitivity of MRS in tracking and predicting the dynamic course of alcoholism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie M Zahr
- Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 401 Quarry Road, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA.
| | - Rebecca A Carr
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Torsten Rohlfing
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Dirk Mayer
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Edith V Sullivan
- Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 401 Quarry Road, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ian M Colrain
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Adolf Pfefferbaum
- Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 401 Quarry Road, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
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20
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Hansen TM, Olesen AE, Simonsen CW, Fischer IW, Lelic D, Drewes AM, Frøkjaer JB. Acute Metabolic Changes Associated With Analgesic Drugs: An MR Spectroscopy Study. J Neuroimaging 2016; 26:545-51. [DOI: 10.1111/jon.12345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tine Maria Hansen
- Mech-Sense, Department of Radiology; Aalborg University Hospital; Aalborg Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine; Aalborg University; Aalborg Denmark
| | - Anne Estrup Olesen
- Mech-Sense, Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Aalborg University Hospital; Aalborg Denmark
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | | | - Iben Wendelboe Fischer
- Mech-Sense, Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Aalborg University Hospital; Aalborg Denmark
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Dina Lelic
- Mech-Sense, Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Aalborg University Hospital; Aalborg Denmark
| | - Asbjørn Mohr Drewes
- Department of Clinical Medicine; Aalborg University; Aalborg Denmark
- Mech-Sense, Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Aalborg University Hospital; Aalborg Denmark
| | - Jens Brøndum Frøkjaer
- Mech-Sense, Department of Radiology; Aalborg University Hospital; Aalborg Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine; Aalborg University; Aalborg Denmark
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