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Akbar Z, Kunhipurayil HH, Saliba J, Ahmad J, Al-Mansoori L, Al-Khatib HA, Al Thani AA, Shi Z, Shaito AA. The Association between Lifestyle Factors and COVID-19: Findings from Qatar Biobank. Nutrients 2024; 16:1037. [PMID: 38613072 PMCID: PMC11013885 DOI: 10.3390/nu16071037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) manifestations range from mild to severe life-threatening symptoms, including death. COVID-19 susceptibility has been associated with various factors, but studies in Qatar are limited. The objective of this study was to investigate the correlation between COVID-19 susceptibility and various sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, including age, gender, body mass index, smoking status, education level, dietary patterns, supplement usage, physical activity, a history of bariatric surgery, diabetes, and hypertension. We utilized logistic regression to analyze these associations, using the data of 10,000 adult participants, aged from 18 to 79, from Qatar Biobank. In total, 10.5% (n = 1045) of the participants had COVID-19. Compared to non-smokers, current and ex-smokers had lower odds of having COVID-19 (odds ratio [OR] = 0.55; 95% CI: 0.44-0.68 and OR = 0.70; 95% CI: 0.57-0.86, respectively). Vitamin D supplement use was associated with an 18% reduction in the likelihood of contracting COVID-19 (OR = 0.82; 95% CI: 0.69-0.97). Obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2), a history of bariatric surgery, and higher adherence to the modern dietary pattern-characterized by the consumption of foods high in saturated fat and refined carbohydrates-were positively associated with COVID-19. Our findings indicate that adopting a healthy lifestyle may be helpful in the prevention of COVID-19 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoha Akbar
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | | | - Jessica Saliba
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Balamand, Beirut P.O. Box 100, Lebanon
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut P.O. Box 90656, Lebanon
| | - Jamil Ahmad
- Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha P.O. Box 3050, Qatar
| | - Layla Al-Mansoori
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar (H.A.A.-K.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Hebah A. Al-Khatib
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar (H.A.A.-K.)
| | - Asmaa A. Al Thani
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar (H.A.A.-K.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Zumin Shi
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Abdullah A. Shaito
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar (H.A.A.-K.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
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Scala M, Lugo A, Mosconi G, Zambon A, Odone A, Smits L, Gallus S. The role of novel nicotine-containing products on SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 progression. Eur J Intern Med 2024; 121:134-135. [PMID: 38184467 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2023.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Scala
- Department of Medical Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Lugo
- Department of Medical Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Giansanto Mosconi
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonella Zambon
- Department of Statistics and Quantitative Methods, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Odone
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Luc Smits
- Faculty Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Silvano Gallus
- Department of Medical Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
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Kasim MF, Abbas AM. Evaluation of Olfactory Dysfunction Among COVID-19 Patients in Baghdad, Iraq. Cureus 2024; 16:e53721. [PMID: 38455837 PMCID: PMC10919444 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background SARS‑CoV‑2 (COVID-19) causes olfactory dysfunction which is characterized by anosmia or hyposmia. Characterization of olfactory dysfunction has added value to the diagnosis and prognosis of the disease. Nevertheless, scarce information exists about COVID-19 patients suffering from olfactory dysfunction in Iraq. This study aimed to identify olfactory dysfunction (anosmia or hyposmia) in Iraqi COVID-19 patients and examine their response to smell exercise at Baghdad Medical City Complex, Baghdad, Iraq. Methodology This case series prospective study involving 300 patients (160 males and 140 females) with COVID-19 infection was conducted from June 1, 2020, to October 1, 2021. We recorded signs and symptoms of COVID-19 among patients by examining olfactory dysfunction, n-butanol olfaction test, and smell test exercise. Results Anosmia and hyposmia were found in 69.3% and 30.7% of the patients, respectively; of these, 65.7% were of sudden onset. The association between olfactory dysfunction and smoking was not significant. The most frequent signs and symptoms of COVID-19 were fatigue, fever, loss of taste, myalgia, headache, sore throat, cough, depressed appetite, dyspnea, nausea, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. The highest frequencies of occurrence of anosmia (30.7%) and hyposmia (13.3%) were in the age group of 31-40 years. The majority (47.7%) of patients with olfactory dysfunction recovered within one month of COVID-19 onset. The rest of the patients recovered within one month to 16 months. The most commonly encountered ear, nose, and throat symptoms were nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, and facial/ear pain. The percentages of patients with anosmia and hyposmia recovering with smell exercise were significant at 64.7% and 25.3%, respectively. Conclusions The prognosis of olfactory dysfunction in COVID-19 patients was good as most cases recovered within a short period with concomitant smell exercise. Olfactory dysfunction in the majority of COVID-19 patients was self-limiting in young age groups, albeit in association with the non-severity of the disease. Being an important public health issue, examining olfactory dysfunction aspects should be considered in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment protocols of COVID-19 patients. In-depth exploration is needed to examine olfactory and gustatory dysfunction in patients suffering from severe COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Azzam M Abbas
- Otolaryngology, College of Medicine, University of Baghdad and Martyr Ghazi Al-Hariri Teaching Hospital, Baghdad Medical City, Baghdad, IRQ
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Straume Z, Krūmiņa N, Elbere I, Rozenberga M, Rudzīte D, Proskurina A, Ozoliņa J, Kloviņš J, Skuja V, Krūmiņa A. Exploring the Impact of COVID-19 on Ulcerative Colitis Patients: A Lifestyle Perspective. Medicina (Kaunas) 2024; 60:182. [PMID: 38276061 PMCID: PMC10819492 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60010182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2 is the new coronavirus that caused the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. Studies have increasingly reported the involvement of organs outside the respiratory system, including the gastrointestinal tract. Data on the association between COVID-19 and ulcerative colitis (UC) are lacking. Materials and Methods: In this one-centre cross-sectional study, 49 patients with UC from the Riga East Clinical University Hospital outpatient clinic were included from June 2021 to December 2021. The patients were divided into two groups according to their history of a confirmed positive or negative COVID-19 status. Data on their lifestyle, diet, and medications and the food supplements used by the patients were collected during interviews and analysed using the R 4.2.1 software. Results: Out of 49 patients, 33 (63.3%) were male and 13 (36.7%) were female, with a mean age of 32.33 ± 8.6 years. Fourteen patients (28.6%) had a confirmed COVID-19 infection in the last year. The most common COVID-19-related symptoms were a fever and rhinorrhoea. A third of patients followed the inflammatory bowel disease diet (16; 32.7%); out of these patients, 12 (34.3%) did not contract COVID-19 (OR: 0.78 (0.18; 2.98), p > 0.05). In the COVID-19-positive group, the majority of patients did not use vitamin D (11; 79% vs. 3; 21%, (OR: 0.38 (0.07; 1.51), p = 0.28) or probiotics (11; 78.6% vs. 3; 21.4%, OR: 1.33 (0.23; 6.28), p = 0.7). In the COVID-19-positive group, most patients did not smoke (12; 85.7% vs. 2; 14.3%, p = 0.475) and did not use alcohol (9; 64.3% vs. 5; 35.7%, OR: 0.63 (0.16; 2.57), p = 0.5). Most of the patients who participated in sports activities were COVID-negative (18; 51.4% vs. 6; 42.9%, p = 0.82). Conclusions: There were no statistically significant differences in the use of food supplements, probiotics, or vitamins; the lifestyle habits; or the COVID-19 status in patients with UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zane Straume
- Riga East Clinical University Hospital, Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Clinic, Hipokrata Street 2, LV-1038 Riga, Latvia; (J.O.); (V.S.)
- Department of Internal Diseases, Riga Stradins University, Dzirciema Street 16, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia; (N.K.); (A.P.)
| | - Nikola Krūmiņa
- Department of Internal Diseases, Riga Stradins University, Dzirciema Street 16, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia; (N.K.); (A.P.)
| | - Ilze Elbere
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites Street 1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; (I.E.); (J.K.)
| | - Maija Rozenberga
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites Street 1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; (I.E.); (J.K.)
| | - Dace Rudzīte
- Laboratory “Gailezers”Riga East Clinical University Hospital, Hipokrata Street 2, LV-1038 Riga, Latvia;
| | - Anna Proskurina
- Department of Internal Diseases, Riga Stradins University, Dzirciema Street 16, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia; (N.K.); (A.P.)
- Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, Pilsonu Street 13, LV-1002 Riga, Latvia
| | - Juliana Ozoliņa
- Riga East Clinical University Hospital, Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Clinic, Hipokrata Street 2, LV-1038 Riga, Latvia; (J.O.); (V.S.)
- Department of Internal Diseases, Riga Stradins University, Dzirciema Street 16, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia; (N.K.); (A.P.)
| | - Jānis Kloviņš
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites Street 1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; (I.E.); (J.K.)
| | - Vita Skuja
- Riga East Clinical University Hospital, Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Clinic, Hipokrata Street 2, LV-1038 Riga, Latvia; (J.O.); (V.S.)
- Department of Internal Diseases, Riga Stradins University, Dzirciema Street 16, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia; (N.K.); (A.P.)
| | - Angelika Krūmiņa
- Department of Infectology, Riga Stradins University, Dzirciema Street 16, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia;
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Li N, Liu C, Qiu L, Shen C, Zhang F, Lu Z, Zhou M, Sheng D, Liu Z. Study on the correlation between lifestyle and negative conversion time in patients diagnosed with coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a retrospective cohort study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2410. [PMID: 38049851 PMCID: PMC10696701 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17163-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As of early December 2022, China eased the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) restriction, affecting over 80% of the country's population and posing a severe threat to public health. Previous studies mostly focused factors on the severity/mortality rate of hospitalized COVID-19 patients, but limited studies explored factors associated with virus-negative conversion, particularly lifestyles. Therefore, the aim of our study was to analyze the correlation between lifestyle factors and the negative conversion time in COVID-19 patients. METHODS We recruited individuals aged 18 years or older who had a clear time record for both the diagnosis and negative conversion of COVID-19 and completed the electronic questionnaire with no missing data. Dietary data collected from the questionnaire was analyzed using exploratory factor analysis to establish dietary patterns. Age segmentation was performed using restricted cubic spline (RCS) plots. The association between lifestyle factors and the time to negative conversion in different age groups, was assessed using Kaplan-Meier plots and Cox regression analysis. RESULT Out of 514 participants, all achieved viral negative conversion within a median time of 11 days. Based on nutrient intake, we identified four dietary patterns. The relationship between age and negative conversion rate, as depicted by RCS plots, exhibited an inverted "U" shape. We categorized age into three segments: <35 years, 35-45 years, and ≥ 45 years. For individuals under 35, our study indicated that a higher protein intake was linked to a faster recovery among COVID-19 patients, while medical staff or those receiving prescription treatments exhibited a slower recovery rate (P < 0.05). The 35 ~ 45 age group showed that adequate sleep and physical exercise were associated with a shorter time to negative conversion, whereas southern regions and a higher intake of carbohydrates were related with a longer conversion time (P < 0.05). Among individuals aged ≥ 45 years, the negative conversion time was primarily associated with physical exercise and being a medical staff member(P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our research suggests that adequate sleep, physical exercise and a higher protein intake can help alleviate COVID-19 symptoms, while a higher level of carbohydrates intake may hinder recovery from COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Li
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Shangcheng District, China
| | - Chenbing Liu
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Shangcheng District, China
| | - Lihong Qiu
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Shangcheng District, China
| | - Chao Shen
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Shangcheng District, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Shangcheng District, China
| | - Zhangfan Lu
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Shangcheng District, China
| | - Menghao Zhou
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Shangcheng District, China
| | - Di Sheng
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Shangcheng District, China
| | - Zhong Liu
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Shangcheng District, China.
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Riegler AN, Benson P, Long K, Leal SM. Differential activation of programmed cell death in patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:420. [PMID: 37985756 PMCID: PMC10662024 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01715-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes severe lower airway disease and death in a subset of patients. Knowledge on the relative contribution of programmed cell death (PCD) to lung pathology is limited to few human autopsy studies with small sample size/scope, in vitro cell culture, and experimental model systems. In this study, we sought to identify, localize, and quantify activation of apoptosis, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis in FFPE lung tissues from patients that died from severe SARS-CoV-2 infection (n = 28) relative to uninfected controls (n = 13). Immunofluorescence (IF) staining, whole-slide imaging, and Image J software was used to localize and quantify expression of SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein and the following PCD protein markers: cleaved Caspase-3, pMLKL, cleaved Gasdermin D, and CD71, respectively. IF showed differential activation of each PCD pathway in infected lungs and dichotomous staining for SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein enabling distinction between high (n = 9) vs low viral burden (n = 19). No differences were observed in apoptosis and ferroptosis in SARS-CoV-2 infected lungs relative to uninfected controls. However, both pyroptosis and necroptosis were significantly increased in SARS-CoV-2-infected lungs. Increased pyroptosis was observed in SARS-CoV-2 infected lungs, irrespective of viral burden, suggesting an inflammation-driven mechanism. In contrast, necroptosis exhibited a very strong positive correlation with viral burden (R2 = 0.9925), suggesting a direct SARS-CoV-2 mediated effect. These data indicate a possible novel mechanism for viral-mediated necroptosis and a potential role for both lytic programmed cell death pathways, necroptosis and pyroptosis, in mediating infection outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashleigh N Riegler
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Pathology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Paul Benson
- Division of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Pathology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Kenneth Long
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Sixto M Leal
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Pathology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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Sansone L, Milani F, Fabrizi R, Belli M, Cristina M, Zagà V, de Iure A, Cicconi L, Bonassi S, Russo P. Nicotine: From Discovery to Biological Effects. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14570. [PMID: 37834017 PMCID: PMC10572882 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Nicotine, the primary psychoactive agent in tobacco leaves, has led to the widespread use of tobacco, with over one billion smokers globally. This article provides a historical overview of tobacco and discusses tobacco dependence, as well as the biological effects induced by nicotine on mammalian cells. Nicotine induces various biological effects, such as neoangiogenesis, cell division, and proliferation, and it affects neural and non-neural cells through specific pathways downstream of nicotinic receptors (nAChRs). Specific effects mediated by α7 nAChRs are highlighted. Nicotine is highly addictive and hazardous. Public health initiatives should prioritize combating smoking and its associated risks. Understanding nicotine's complex biological effects is essential for comprehensive research and informed health policies. While potential links between nicotine and COVID-19 severity warrant further investigation, smoking remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Effective public health strategies are vital to promote healthier lifestyles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Sansone
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality, Life Promotion San Raffaele University, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy; (L.S.); (M.B.); (M.C.); (A.d.I.); (S.B.)
- MEBIC Consortium, San Raffaele University, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Milani
- Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy; (F.M.); (R.F.); (L.C.)
| | - Riccardo Fabrizi
- Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy; (F.M.); (R.F.); (L.C.)
| | - Manuel Belli
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality, Life Promotion San Raffaele University, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy; (L.S.); (M.B.); (M.C.); (A.d.I.); (S.B.)
- MEBIC Consortium, San Raffaele University, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Mario Cristina
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality, Life Promotion San Raffaele University, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy; (L.S.); (M.B.); (M.C.); (A.d.I.); (S.B.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Zagà
- Italian Society of Tabaccology (SITAB), 00136 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Antonio de Iure
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality, Life Promotion San Raffaele University, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy; (L.S.); (M.B.); (M.C.); (A.d.I.); (S.B.)
- Experimental Neurophysiology IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Cicconi
- Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy; (F.M.); (R.F.); (L.C.)
| | - Stefano Bonassi
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality, Life Promotion San Raffaele University, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy; (L.S.); (M.B.); (M.C.); (A.d.I.); (S.B.)
- Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy; (F.M.); (R.F.); (L.C.)
| | - Patrizia Russo
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality, Life Promotion San Raffaele University, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy; (L.S.); (M.B.); (M.C.); (A.d.I.); (S.B.)
- MEBIC Consortium, San Raffaele University, 00166 Rome, Italy
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8
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Fedeli U, Casotto V, Barbiellini Amidei C, Vianello A, Guarnieri G. COPD-Related Mortality before and after Mass COVID-19 Vaccination in Northern Italy. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1392. [PMID: 37631960 PMCID: PMC10459975 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11081392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE Little is known about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mortality from COPD at the population level. The objective was to investigate COPD-related mortality throughout different epidemic waves in Italy before and after the vaccination campaign, which started in late December 2020 and initially targeted the population aged ≥80 years. METHODS Death certificates of residents in Veneto (Northeastern Italy) aged ≥40 years between 2008 and 2021 were analyzed. Age-standardized morality rates were computed for death certificates with any mention of COPD. Generalized estimating equation (GEE) models were fitted to estimate the expected mortality during the pandemic. The results were stratified by age groups of 40-79 and ≥80 years, main comorbidities, and place of death. RESULTS COPD was mentioned in 3478 death certificates in 2020 (+14% compared to the 2018-2019 average) and in 3133 in 2021 (+3%). Age-standardized mortality rates increased in all age and sex groups in 2020; in 2021, mortality returned to pre-pandemic levels among the elderly but not in the population aged 40-79 years (+6%). GEE models confirmed this differential trend by age. COPD-related mortality peaks were observed, especially in the first pandemic waves, with COVID-19 identified as the underlying cause of death in a relevant proportion (up to 35% in November 2020-January 2021). Mortality with comorbid diabetes and hypertensive diseases slightly increased during the pandemic. CONCLUSION COPD-related mortality increased at the beginning of the pandemic, due to deaths from COVID-19. The start of the vaccination campaign was associated with an important decline in COPD-related mortality, especially among the elderly, who first benefited from COVID-19 vaccines. The study findings show the role of mass vaccination in reducing COPD-related deaths during the later phases of the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugo Fedeli
- Epidemiological Department, Azienda Zero-Veneto Region, 35131 Padua, Italy; (U.F.); (V.C.); (C.B.A.)
| | - Veronica Casotto
- Epidemiological Department, Azienda Zero-Veneto Region, 35131 Padua, Italy; (U.F.); (V.C.); (C.B.A.)
| | | | - Andrea Vianello
- Department of Cardiac-Thoracic-Vascular Sciences and Public Health, Respiratory Pathophysiology Division, University of Padova, 35126 Padua, Italy;
| | - Gabriella Guarnieri
- Department of Cardiac-Thoracic-Vascular Sciences and Public Health, Respiratory Pathophysiology Division, University of Padova, 35126 Padua, Italy;
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9
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Valencia-Pérez Rea D, Falfán-Valencia R, Fricke-Galindo I, Buendía-Roldán I, Chávez-Galán L, Nava-Quiroz KJ, Alanis-Ponce J, Pérez-Rubio G. The rs16969968 Tobacco Smoking-Related Single-Nucleotide Variant Is Associated with Clinical Markers in Patients with Severe COVID-19. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9811. [PMID: 37372959 PMCID: PMC10298344 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Tobacco smoking is the leading risk factor for many respiratory diseases. Several genes are associated with nicotine addiction, such as CHRNA5 and ADAM33. This research aims to evaluate the association of the polymorphisms rs16969968 (CHRNA5) and rs3918396 (ADAM33) in patients who developed severe COVID-19. We included 917 COVID-19 patients hospitalized with critical disease and oxygenation impairment. They were divided into two groups, tobacco-smoking (n = 257) and non-smoker (n = 660) patients. The genotype and allele frequencies of two single nucleotide variants, the rs16969968 (CHRNA5) and rs3918396 (ADAM33), were evaluated. The rs3918396 in ADAM33 does not show a significative association. We analyzed the study population according to the rs16969968 genotype (GA + AA, n = 180, and GG, n = 737). The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) shows statistical differences; the GA + AA group had higher values than the GG group (p = 0.038, 32 vs. 26 mm/h, respectively). The smoking patients and GA or AA genotype carriers had a high positive correlation (p < 0.001, rho = 0.753) between fibrinogen and C-reactive protein. COVID-19 patients and smokers carriers of one or two copies of the risk allele (rs16969968/A) have high ESR and a positive correlation between fibrinogen and C-reactive protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Valencia-Pérez Rea
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (D.V.-P.R.); (R.F.-V.); (I.F.-G.); (K.J.N.-Q.); (J.A.-P.)
| | - Ramcés Falfán-Valencia
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (D.V.-P.R.); (R.F.-V.); (I.F.-G.); (K.J.N.-Q.); (J.A.-P.)
| | - Ingrid Fricke-Galindo
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (D.V.-P.R.); (R.F.-V.); (I.F.-G.); (K.J.N.-Q.); (J.A.-P.)
| | - Ivette Buendía-Roldán
- Translational Research Laboratory on Aging and Pulmonary Fibrosis, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Leslie Chávez-Galán
- Laboratory of Integrative Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Karol J. Nava-Quiroz
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (D.V.-P.R.); (R.F.-V.); (I.F.-G.); (K.J.N.-Q.); (J.A.-P.)
| | - Jesús Alanis-Ponce
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (D.V.-P.R.); (R.F.-V.); (I.F.-G.); (K.J.N.-Q.); (J.A.-P.)
| | - Gloria Pérez-Rubio
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (D.V.-P.R.); (R.F.-V.); (I.F.-G.); (K.J.N.-Q.); (J.A.-P.)
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