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Kovalenko AA, Schwarz AP, Shcherbitskaia AD, Mikhel AV, Vasilev DS, Arutjunyan AV. Reference Gene Validation in the Embryonic and Postnatal Brain in the Rat Hyperhomocysteinemia Model. Neurotox Res 2024; 42:19. [PMID: 38421481 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-024-00698-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Maternal hyperhomocysteinemia (HCY) induced by genetic defects in methionine cycle enzymes or vitamin imbalance is known to be a pathologic factor that can impair embryonal brain development and cause long-term consequences in the postnatal brain development as well as changes in the expression of neuronal genes. Studies of the gene expression on this model requires the selection of optimal housekeeping genes. This work aimed to analyze the expression stability of housekeeping genes in offspring brain. Pregnant female Wistar rats were treated daily with a 0.15% L-methionine solution in the period starting on the 4th day of pregnancy until delivery, to cause the increase in the homocysteine level in fetus blood and brain. Housekeeping gene expression was assessed by RT-qPCR on whole embryonic brain and selected rat brain areas at P20 and P90. The amplification curves were analyzed, and raw means Cq data were imported to the RefFinder online tool to assess the reference genes stability. Most of the analyzed genes showed high stability of mRNA expression in the fetal brain at both periods of analysis (E14 and E20). However, the most stably expressed genes at different age points differed. Actb, Ppia, Rpl13a are the most stably expressed on E14, Ywhaz, Pgk1, Hprt1 - on E20 and P20, Hprt1, Actb, and Pgk1 - on P90. Gapdh gene used as a reference in various studies demonstrates high stability only in the hippocampus and cannot be recommended as the optimal reference gene on HCY model. Hprt1 and Pgk1 genes were found to be the most stably expressed in the brain of rat subjected to HCY. These two genes showed high stability in the brain on E20 and in various areas of the brain on the P20 and P90. On E14, the preferred genes for normalization are Actb, Ppia, Rpl13a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna A Kovalenko
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexander P Schwarz
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anastasiia D Shcherbitskaia
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
- D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anastasiia V Mikhel
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
- D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Dmitrii S Vasilev
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia.
- D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Alexander V Arutjunyan
- D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
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Zhao H, Gao H, Zhang Y, Lan T, Wang J, Zhao H, Zhang H, Xue M, Liang H. Folic Acid Protects against Ethanol-Induced Hepatic Mitophagy Imbalance by ROS Scavenging and Attenuating the Elevated Hcy Levels. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:14276-14288. [PMID: 37738285 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c01851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Ample evidence indicates that ethanol-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are central to the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). As an adaptive quality control mechanism, mitophagy removes dysfunctional mitochondria to avert hepatic lesions in ALD. Folic acid exhibits potential radical scavenging properties and has been proven to ameliorate mitochondrial disorder in oxidative stress-related diseases. In this study, we aimed to uncover the mitophagy regulatory effects of folic acid in a 10w alcohol C57BL/6J mice feeding model (56% v/v) and L02 cells model cultured with ethanol (2.5% v/v). The results showed that folic acid alleviates ethanol-induced liver injury, decreasing oxidative stress and restoring liver enzyme. Furthermore, folic acid improved the mitochondrial function and inhibited ethanol-activated mitophagy through decreasing PINK1-Parkin and Drp1 expression, which inhibited the release of mitochondrial cytochrome C to the cytoplasm, preventing hepatocyte apoptosis. Intriguingly, folic acid attenuates the elevated hepatic homocysteine (Hcy) level. Additionally, the pretreatment of L02 cells with folic acid also ameliorated Hcy-induced oxidative damage, mitochondrial fission, and mitophagy. In summary, these results suggest that folic acid has beneficial effects in mitophagy remodeling by ROS scavenging and facilitating Hcy metabolism and could be developed as a potential therapeutic agent against ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huichao Zhao
- Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University. Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Haiqi Gao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yabin Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Tongtong Lan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jingwen Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Haifeng Zhao
- Qingdao Institute of Food and Drug Inspection, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Huaqi Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Meilan Xue
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Hui Liang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
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Zhuang J, Hu J, Bei F, Huang J, Wang L, Zhao J, Qian R, Sun J. Exposure to air pollutants during pregnancy and after birth increases the risk of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Environ Res 2022; 206:112523. [PMID: 34929187 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Exposure to air pollution is associated with increased risks of several adverse conditions in newborns, such as preterm birth. Whether air pollution is associated with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia remains unclear. We aimed to develop and validate an air-quality-based model to better predict neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. METHODS A multicenter, population-based cohort of neonates with a gestational age (GA) ≥35 weeks and birth weight ≥2000 g was enrolled in the study. The study was conducted in Shanghai, China, from July 2017 to December 2018. The daily average concentrations of particulate matter (PM) with aerodynamic diameters≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) and ≤10 μm (PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and carbon monoxide (CO) were measured. Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia was diagnosed according to the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) guidelines by trained neonatologists. We used logistic least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression to screen air pollutant indicators related to neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and build an air-quality signature for each patient. An air-quality-based nomogram was then established to predict the risk of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. RESULTS A total of 11196 neonates were evaluated. Prenatal PM10, CO and NO2 exposure and postpartum SO2 exposure were significantly associated with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. The air-quality score was calculated according to the hyperbilirubinemia-related pollutants. The air-quality score of the hyperbilirubinemia group was significantly higher than that of the nonhyperbilirubinemia group (P < .01, odds ratio = 2.97). An air-quality-based logistic regression model was built and showed good discrimination (C-statistic of 0.675 [95% CI (confidence interval), 0.658 to 0.692]) and good calibration. Decision curve analysis showed that the air-quality-based model was better than the traditional clinical model in predicting neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study suggest that ambient air pollution exposure is associated with an increased risk of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Our results encourage further exploration of this possibility in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialu Zhuang
- Department of Neonatology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jie Hu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, China.
| | - Fei Bei
- Department of Neonatology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jiahu Huang
- Department of Pediatrics,Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 355 Luding Road, Shanghai, China.
| | - Liangjun Wang
- Department of Neonatology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, China.
| | - Junjie Zhao
- Department of Neonatology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ruiying Qian
- Department of Neonatology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, 3333 Bingsheng Road, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Jianhua Sun
- Department of Neonatology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, China.
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D’Amico R, Cordaro M, Fusco R, Peritore AF, Genovese T, Gugliandolo E, Crupi R, Mandalari G, Caccamo D, Cuzzocrea S, Di Paola R, Siracusa R, Impellizzeri D. Consumption of Cashew ( Anacardium occidentale L.) Nuts Counteracts Oxidative Stress and Tissue Inflammation in Mild Hyperhomocysteinemia in Rats. Nutrients 2022; 14:1474. [PMID: 35406088 PMCID: PMC9002620 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is a methionine metabolism problem that causes a variety of inflammatory illnesses. Oxidative stress is among the processes thought to be involved in the pathophysiology of the damage produced by HHcy. HHcy is likely to involve the dysfunction of several organs, such as the kidney, liver, or gut, which are currently poorly understood. Nuts are regarded as an important part of a balanced diet since they include protein, good fatty acids, and critical nutrients. The aim of this work was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of cashew nuts in HHcy induced by oral methionine administration for 30 days, and to examine the possible pathways involved. In HHcy rats, cashew nuts (100 mg/kg orally, daily) were able to counteract clinical biochemical changes, oxidative and nitrosative stress, reduced antioxidant enzyme levels, lipid peroxidation, proinflammatory cytokine release, histological tissue injuries, and apoptosis in the kidney, colon, and liver, possibly by the modulation of the antioxidant nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 NRF-2 and inflammatory nuclear factor NF-kB pathways. Thus, the results suggest that the consumption of cashew nuts may be beneficial for the treatment of inflammatory conditions associated with HHcy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramona D’Amico
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Via F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.D.); (A.F.P.); (T.G.); (G.M.); (R.S.); (D.I.)
| | - Marika Cordaro
- Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy; (M.C.); (D.C.)
| | - Roberta Fusco
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Alessio Filippo Peritore
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Via F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.D.); (A.F.P.); (T.G.); (G.M.); (R.S.); (D.I.)
| | - Tiziana Genovese
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Via F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.D.); (A.F.P.); (T.G.); (G.M.); (R.S.); (D.I.)
| | - Enrico Gugliandolo
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy; (E.G.); (R.C.)
| | - Rosalia Crupi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy; (E.G.); (R.C.)
| | - Giuseppina Mandalari
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Via F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.D.); (A.F.P.); (T.G.); (G.M.); (R.S.); (D.I.)
| | - Daniela Caccamo
- Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy; (M.C.); (D.C.)
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Via F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.D.); (A.F.P.); (T.G.); (G.M.); (R.S.); (D.I.)
- Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1402 South Grand Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Rosanna Di Paola
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy; (E.G.); (R.C.)
| | - Rosalba Siracusa
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Via F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.D.); (A.F.P.); (T.G.); (G.M.); (R.S.); (D.I.)
| | - Daniela Impellizzeri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Via F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.D.); (A.F.P.); (T.G.); (G.M.); (R.S.); (D.I.)
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Alber J, Freisinger P, Föller M. The synthesis of fibroblast growth factor 23 is upregulated by homocysteine in UMR106 osteoblast-like cells. Nutrition 2021; 96:111573. [PMID: 35091320 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) controls the production and degradation of biologically active vitamin D, 1,25(OH)2D3, and phosphate reabsorption in the kidney as a hormone synthesized by bone cells. Additional paracrine effects in other organs exist as well. As a biomarker, the FGF23 plasma concentration increases in renal and cardiovascular diseases, and is correlated with outcome. The regulation of FGF23 is incompletely understood and dependent on several factors, including oxidative stress. L-homocysteine is an amino acid produced in methionine metabolism, and can be converted into further metabolites depending on the availability of vitamin B. Hyperhomocysteinemia is a potential cardiovascular risk factor. Our study aimed to explore whether homocysteine impacts FGF23 synthesis. METHODS Experiments were performed in UMR106 osteoblast-like cells. Fgf23 gene expression and FGF23 protein concentration were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Oxidative stress was determined by 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate fluorescence. RESULTS Homocysteine dose-dependently upregulated Fgf23 gene expression and protein synthesis. Moreover, homocysteine imposed oxidative stress on UMR106 cells. The effect of homocysteine on Fgf23 was abrogated by antioxidant ascorbic acid. CONCLUSIONS Homocysteine is a potent stimulator of FGF23 production, an effect at least in part mediated by oxidative stress. The homocysteine-dependent upregulation of FGF23 presumably contributes to its role as a cardiovascular risk factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Alber
- University of Hohenheim, Department of Physiology, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Peter Freisinger
- Kreiskliniken Reutlingen, Department of Pediatrics, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Michael Föller
- University of Hohenheim, Department of Physiology, Stuttgart, Germany.
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Liu Y, Zhou J, Luo Y, Li J, Shang L, Zhou F, Yang S. Honokiol alleviates LPS-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis via Nrf2 activation in vitro and in vivo. Chin Med 2021; 16:127. [PMID: 34844623 PMCID: PMC8628413 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-021-00541-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Honokiol (HKL) has been reported to ameliorate lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI). However, its potential mechanism of its protective effects remains unclear. In this study, the protective mechanism of HKL on LPS-induced ALI was explored in vivo and in vitro. Methods In vivo, the SD rats were intratracheally instilled with LPS (5 mg/kg) to establish an acute lung injury model and then treated with HKL (1.25/2.5/5 mg/kg) or ML385 (30 mg/kg) intraperitoneally. In vitro, the human bronchial epithelial cell line (BEAS-2B) was stimulated with LPS and ATP to induce pyroptosis and treated with HKL (12.5/25/50 μM). Small interfering RNA (siRNA) technique was used to knockdown Nrf2 in BEAS-2B cells. The protein and mRNA expression levels of Nrf2, HO-1, NLRP3, ASC, CASP1, and GSDMD in cells and lung tissues were detected by western blot and real time-PCR. The expression levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-18, MPO, MDA, and SOD in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and supernatant were determined by ELISA. The degree of pathological injury of lung tissue was evaluated by H&E staining. Results The results showed that HKL could alleviate oxidative stress and inflammatory responses by regulating the levels of MPO, MDA, SOD, IL-1β, IL-18 in supernatant. And it could also inhibit the expression levels of NLRP3, ASC, CASP1, GSDMD via activation of Nrf2 in BEAS-2B cells. Further studies revealed that HKL could attenuate the pathological injury in LPS-induced ALI rats, and the molecular mechanism was consistent with the results in vitro. Conclusions Our study demonstrated that HKL could alleviate LPS-induced ALI by reducing the oxidative stress and inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis, which was partly dependent on the Nrf2 activation. Graphical Abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Liu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jiabin Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yingying Luo
- School of Clinical Medical, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Jinxiao Li
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Luorui Shang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Fangyuan Zhou
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Shenglan Yang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Badawy AA. Multiple roles of haem in cystathionine β-synthase activity: implications for hemin and other therapies of acute hepatic porphyria. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:BSR20210935. [PMID: 34251022 DOI: 10.1042/BSR20210935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of haem in the activity of cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) is reviewed and a hypothesis postulating multiple effects of haem on enzyme activity under conditions of haem excess or deficiency is proposed, with implications for some therapies of acute hepatic porphyrias. CBS utilises both haem and pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (PLP) as cofactors. Although haem does not participate directly in the catalytic process, it is vital for PLP binding to the enzyme and potentially also for CBS stability. Haem deficiency can therefore undermine CBS activity by impairing PLP binding and facilitating CBS degradation. Excess haem can also impair CBS activity by inhibiting it via CO resulting from haem induction of haem oxygenase 1 (HO 1), and by induction of a functional vitamin B6 deficiency following activation of hepatic tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) and subsequent utilisation of PLP by enhanced kynurenine aminotransferase (KAT) and kynureninase (Kynase) activities. CBS inhibition results in accumulation of the cardiovascular risk factor homocysteine (Hcy) and evidence is emerging for plasma Hcy elevation in patients with acute hepatic porphyrias. Decreased CBS activity may also induce a proinflammatory state, inhibit expression of haem oxygenase and activate the extrahepatic kynurenine pathway (KP) thereby further contributing to the Hcy elevation. The hypothesis predicts likely changes in CBS activity and plasma Hcy levels in untreated hepatic porphyria patients and in those receiving hemin or certain gene-based therapies. In the present review, these aspects are discussed, means of testing the hypothesis in preclinical experimental settings and porphyric patients are suggested and potential nutritional and other therapies are proposed.
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Cheng J, Li F, Sun X, Liu S, Chen L, Tian F, Zhao Z, Hu H, Li X. Low-dose alcohol ameliorated homocysteine-induced anxiety-related behavior via attenuating oxidative stress in mice. Neurosci Lett 2020; 714:134568. [PMID: 31629034 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies showed that homocysteine (Hcy) levels were obviously elevated in patients with anxiety, furthermore, oxidative stress and inflammation were closely linked with Hcy-related damage. Despite alcohol exposure has differential effects on different forms of anxiety, the role of alcohol on anxiety-related behavior induced by high Hcy levels is still not entirely clear. The present study investigated the protective potential of low-dose alcohol against homocysteine-induced anxiety-related behavior and explored the possible underlying mechanisms. Mice were administered intragastrically with methionine (2.0 g/kg/day) or alcohol (0.6 g/kg/day). After 21 days of administration, the anxiety-related behavior was evaluated through open field (OF) and elevated plus maze (EPM) tests, and the variations of oxidative stress and inflammation levels were measured. The results of OF and EPM tests showed that the anxiety-related behavior in mice was prevented by alcohol treatment. Alcohol lowered the elevated serum Hcy levels and alleviated the damage of hippocampal tissues in hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) mice. Meanwhile, the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity of the hippocampal tissues enhanced, and the malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration of the hippocampal tissues and the serum interleukin-1β (IL-1β) level decreased. In addition, after administering alcohol, the increase of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) protein expression and the decrease of IL-1β protein expression were also detected in HHcy mice hippocampal tissues. Taken together, low-dose alcohol significantly ameliorated the Hcy-induced anxiety-related behavior in mice, which might be related to SOD1 and HO-1 upregulation and IL-1β downregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Fan Li
- Basic Medical Experiment Teaching Center, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Xiaoming Sun
- Basic Medical Experiment Teaching Center, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Shuqin Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Lina Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Feng Tian
- Grade 2015, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Zhenghang Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Hao Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China; Basic Medical Experiment Teaching Center, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
| | - Xiaogang Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
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Li S, Qiu B, Lu H, Lai Y, Liu J, Luo J, Zhu F, Hu Z, Zhou M, Tian J, Zhou Z, Yu S, Yi F, Nie J. Hyperhomocysteinemia Accelerates Acute Kidney Injury to Chronic Kidney Disease Progression by Downregulating Heme Oxygenase-1 Expression. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 30:1635-1650. [PMID: 30084650 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The risk factors promoting acute kidney injury (AKI) to chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression remain largely unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether hyperhomocysteinemia (Hhcy) accelerates the development of renal fibrosis after AKI. RESULTS Hhcy aggravated ischemia-reperfusion-induced AKI and the subsequent development of renal fibrotic lesions characterized by excessive extracellular matrix deposition. Mechanistically, the RNA binding protein human antigen R (HuR) bound to the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) messenger RNA (mRNA). Homocysteine (Hcy) downregulated HuR expression, reduced the binding of HuR to the 3'-UTR of HO-1, and thereafter decreased HO-1 expression. Administration of the HO-1 inducer cobalt protoporphyrin-IX significantly hindered Hhcy-augmented reactive oxygen species production and renal fibrotic lesions. Innovation and Conclusion: These data indicate that Hhcy might be a novel risk factor that promotes AKI to CKD progression. Lowering Hcy level or HO-1 induction might be a potential therapeutic strategy to improve the outcome of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Li
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bingbing Qiu
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Lu
- 2 Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunshi Lai
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jixing Liu
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiajun Luo
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fengxin Zhu
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zheng Hu
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhou
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianwei Tian
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhanmei Zhou
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shouyi Yu
- 2 Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fan Yi
- 3 Department of Pharmacology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Nie
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Longoni A, Bellaver B, Bobermin LD, Santos CL, Nonose Y, Kolling J, Dos Santos TM, de Assis AM, Quincozes-Santos A, Wyse ATS. Homocysteine Induces Glial Reactivity in Adult Rat Astrocyte Cultures. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:1966-76. [PMID: 28255907 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0463-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Astrocytes are dynamic glial cells associated to neurotransmitter systems, metabolic functions, antioxidant defense, and inflammatory response, maintaining the brain homeostasis. Elevated concentrations of homocysteine (Hcy) are involved in the pathogenesis of age-related neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson and Alzheimer diseases. In line with this, our hypothesis was that Hcy could promote glial reactivity in a model of cortical primary astrocyte cultures from adult Wistar rats. Thus, cortical astrocytes were incubated with different concentrations of Hcy (10, 30, and 100 μM) during 24 h. After the treatment, we analyzed cell viability, morphological parameters, antioxidant defenses, and inflammatory response. Hcy did not induce any alteration in cell viability; however, it was able to induce cytoskeleton rearrangement. The treatment with Hcy also promoted a significant decrease in the activities of Na+, K+ ATPase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), as well as in the glutathione (GSH) content. Additionally, Hcy induced an increase in the pro-inflammatory cytokine release. In an attempt to elucidate the putative mechanisms involved in the Hcy-induced glial reactivity, we measured the nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) transcriptional activity and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) expression, which were activated and inhibited by Hcy, respectively. In summary, our findings provide important evidences that Hcy modulates critical astrocyte parameters from adult rats, which might be associated to the aging process.
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11
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Trusca VG, Mihai AD, Fuior EV, Fenyo IM, Gafencu AV. High levels of homocysteine downregulate apolipoprotein E expression via nuclear factor kappa B. World J Biol Chem 2016; 7:178-187. [PMID: 26981206 PMCID: PMC4768122 DOI: 10.4331/wjbc.v7.i1.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the effect of high homocysteine (Hcy) levels on apolipoprotein E (apoE) expression and the signaling pathways involved in this gene regulation.
METHODS: Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot were used to assess apoE expression in cells treated with various concentrations (50-500 μmol/L) of Hcy. Calcium phosphate-transient transfections were performed in HEK-293 and RAW 264.7 cells to evaluate the effect of Hcy on apoE regulatory elements [promoter and distal multienhancer 2 (ME2)]. To this aim, plasmids containing the proximal apoE promoter [(-500/+73)apoE construct] alone or in the presence of ME2 [ME2/(-500/+73)apoE construct] to drive the expression of the reporter luciferase gene were used. Co-transfection experiments were carried out to investigate the downstream effectors of Hcy-mediated regulation of apoE promoter by using specific inhibitors or a dominant negative form of IKβ. In other co-transfections, the luciferase reporter was under the control of synthetic promoters containing multiple specific binding sites for nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), activator protein-1 (AP-1) or nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT). Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay was accomplished to detect the binding of NF-κB p65 subunit to the apoE promoter in HEK-293 treated with 500 μmol/L Hcy. As control, cells were incubated with similar concentration of cysteine. NF-κB p65 proteins bound to DNA were immunoprecipitated with anti-p65 antibodies and DNA was identified by PCR using primers amplifying the region -100/+4 of the apoE gene.
RESULTS: RT-PCR revealed that high levels of Hcy (250-750 μmol/L) induced a 2-3 fold decrease in apoE mRNA levels in HEK-293 cells, while apoE gene expression was not significantly affected by treatment with lower concentrations of Hcy (100 μmol/L). Immunoblotting data provided additional evidence for the negative role of Hcy in apoE expression. Hcy decreased apoE promoter activity, in the presence or absence of ME2, in a dose dependent manner, in both RAW 264.7 and HEK-293 cells, as revealed by transient transfection experiments. The downstream effectors of the signaling pathways of Hcy were also investigated. The inhibitory effect of Hcy on the apoE promoter activity was counteracted by MAPK/ERK kinase 1/2 (MEK1/2) inhibitor U0126, suggesting that MEK1/2 is involved in the downregulation of apoE promoter activity by Hcy. Our data demonstrated that Hcy-induced inhibition of apoE took place through activation of NF-κB. Moreover, we demonstrated that Hcy activated a synthetic promoter containing three NF-κB binding sites, but did not affect promoters containing AP-1 or NFAT binding sites. ChIP experiments revealed that NF-κB p65 subunit is recruited to the apoE promoter following Hcy treatment of cells.
CONCLUSION: Hcy-induced stress negatively modulates apoE expression via MEK1/2 and NF-κB activation. The decreased apoE expression in peripheral tissues may aggravate atherosclerosis, neurodegenerative diseases and renal dysfunctions.
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Yefsah-Idres A, Benazzoug Y, Otman A, Latour A, Middendorp S, Janel N. Hepatoprotective effects of lycopene on liver enzymes involved in methionine and xenobiotic metabolism in hyperhomocysteinemic rats. Food Funct 2016; 7:2862-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c6fo00095a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hyperhomocysteinemia, defined by an increased plasma homocysteine level, is commonly associated with chronic liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aicha Yefsah-Idres
- Département des Sciences Agro-alimentaire
- Faculté SNV
- université Saad Dahlab (Blida1)
- Algeria
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et remodelage de la matrice extracellulaire
| | - Yasmina Benazzoug
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et remodelage de la matrice extracellulaire
- (LBCM) FSB.USTHB
- Alger
- Algeria
| | - Amel Otman
- Laboratoire centrale du (CHU) Bab El Oued Alger
- Algeria
| | - Alizée Latour
- Univ Paris Diderot-CNRS UMR 8251
- unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative (BFA)
- Paris
- France
| | - Sandrine Middendorp
- Univ Paris Diderot-CNRS UMR 8251
- unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative (BFA)
- Paris
- France
| | - Nathalie Janel
- Univ Paris Diderot-CNRS UMR 8251
- unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative (BFA)
- Paris
- France
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Wang XB, Qiao C, Wei L, Han YD, Cui NH, Huang ZL, Li ZH, Zheng F, Yan M. Associations of Polymorphisms in MTHFR Gene with the Risk of Age-Related Cataract in Chinese Han Population: A Genotype-Phenotype Analysis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0145581. [PMID: 26689687 PMCID: PMC4686960 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Homocysteine (Hcy) is a potential risk factor for age-related cataract (ARC). Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is the key enzyme for Hcy metabolism, and variants of MTHFR may affect MTHFR enzyme activity. This study mainly evaluated the associations between variants in MTHFR gene, plasma MTHFR enzyme activity, total Hcy (tHcy) levels and ARC risk in Chinese population. Four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in MTHFR gene were genotyped using the high-resolution melting (HRM) method in 502 ARC patients (mean age, 70.2 [SD, 9.0], 46.0% male) and 890 healthy controls (mean age, 67.1 [SD, 11.1], 47.6% male). The plasma MTHFR activity, folic acid (FA), vitamins B12 and B6 levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The plasma tHcy levels were measured by an automated enzymatic assay. After the Bonferroni correction, the minor allele T of SNP rs1801133 showed a significant association with an increased risk of overall ARC (OR = 1.26, P = 0.003). Consistent association was also found between SNP rs1801133 and cortical ARC risk (OR = 1.44, P = 0.003). Haplotype analyses revealed an adverse effect of the haplotype "C-A-T-C" (alleles in order of SNPs rs3737967, rs1801131, rs1801133 and rs9651118) on ARC risk (OR = 1.55, P = 0.003). Moreover, in a joint analysis of SNPs rs9651118 and rs1801133, subjects with two unfavorable genotypes had a 1.76-fold increased risk of ARC compared with the reference group, and a statistically significant dose-response trend (Ptrend = 0.001) was also observed. Further, in healthy controls and patients with cortical ARC, the allele T of SNP rs1801133 and the increasing number of unfavorable genotypes were significantly correlated with decreased MTHFR activity as well as increased tHcy levels. However, there was no significant association between FA, vitamins B12, B6 levels and MTHFR variants. Our data indicated that variants in MTHFR gene might individually and jointly influence susceptibility to ARC by affecting MTHFR enzyme activity and tHcy levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-bin Wang
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chen Qiao
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Li Wei
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan university, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ya-di Han
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ning-hua Cui
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhu-liang Huang
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zu-hua Li
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Fang Zheng
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- * E-mail: (MY); (FZ)
| | - Ming Yan
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan university, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- * E-mail: (MY); (FZ)
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