Enhanced diabetic wound healing using platelet-derived extracellular vesicles and reduced graphene oxide in polymer-coordinated hydrogels

Novel Photothermal Graphene-Based Hydrogels in Biomedical Applications

In the last decade, photothermal therapy (PTT) has attracted tremendous attention because it is non-invasive, shows high efficiency and antibacterial activity, and minimizes drug side effects. Previous studies demonstrated that PTT can effectively inhibit the growth of bacteria and promotes cell proliferation, accelerating wound healing and tissue regeneration. Among different NIR-responsive biomaterials, graphene-based hydrogels with photothermal properties are considered as the best candidates for biomedical applications, due to their excellent properties. This review summarizes the current advances in the development of innovative graphene-based hydrogels for PTT-based biomedical applications. Also, the information about photothermal properties and the potential applications of graphene-based hydrogels in biomedical therapies are provided. These findings provide a great potential for supporting their applications in photothermal biomedicine.

Platelet-derived extracellular vesicles: a new-generation nanostructured tool for chronic wound healing

Chronic nonhealing wounds pose a serious challenge to regaining skin function and integrity. Platelet-derived extracellular vesicles (PEVs) are nanostructured particles with the potential to promote wound healing since they can enhance neovascularization and cell migration and reduce inflammation and scarring. This work provides an innovative overview of the technical laboratory issues in PEV production, PEVs' role in chronic wound healing and the benefits and challenges in its clinical translation. The article also explores the challenges of proper sourcing, extraction techniques and storage conditions, and discusses the necessity of further evaluations and combinational therapeutics, including dressing biomaterials, M2-derived exosomes, mesenchymal stem cells-derived extracellular vesicles and microneedle technology, to boost their therapeutic efficacy as advanced strategies for wound healing.

Effect of graphene oxide on sodium alginate hydrogel as a carrier triggering release of ibuprofen

The design and preparation of safe wound dressings with antibacterial and controlled drug release abilities is valuable in medicine. This research focuses on the fabrication of a hydrogel carrier with graphene oxide (GO)-triggered ibuprofen (IBU) release to control inflammation. The hydrogel was prepared by cross-linking the base polymer sodium alginate (SA) and functionalized GO. The morphology of the gel was observed by a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and its structure was analyzed through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared reflection (FTIR) spectroscopy. The effects of GO on swelling capacity, IBU release behavior and antibacterial activity were investigated by using the prepared GO/SA hydrogel as a drug carrier and IBU as a drug model. In vitro studies confirmed that the GO/SA hydrogel had good antimicrobial activity and excellent cytotoxicity. The analysis of cumulative IBU release rates revealed that the addition of GO could promote the release of IBU, and the change in GO content did not have a prominent effect on IBU release. At the same time, the rate of IBU release from the GO/SA hydrogel was affected by near-infrared light. Under a light source, the release rate of IBU increased, and the release amount of IBU showed a clear stepwise increase under light on-off conditions. These results suggest that the GO/SA hydrogel could be a potential antibacterial and anti-inflammatory wound dressing.