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Di J, Tuttle PG, Adamowicz L, Lin W, Zhang H, Psaltos D, Selig J, Bai J, Karahanoglu FI, Sheriff P, Seelam V, Williams B, Ghafoor S, Demanuele C, Santamaria M, Cai X. Monitoring Activity and Gait in Children (MAGIC) using digital health technologies. Pediatr Res 2024:10.1038/s41390-024-03147-x. [PMID: 38514860 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-024-03147-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Digital health technologies (DHTs) can collect gait and physical activity in adults, but limited studies have validated these in children. This study compared gait and physical activity metrics collected using DHTs to those collected by reference comparators during in-clinic sessions, to collect a normative accelerometry dataset, and to evaluate participants' comfort and their compliance in wearing the DHTs at-home. METHODS The MAGIC (Monitoring Activity and Gait in Children) study was an analytical validation study which enrolled 40, generally healthy participants aged 3-17 years. Gait and physical activity were collected using DHTs in a clinical setting and continuously at-home. RESULTS Overall good to excellent agreement was observed between gait metrics extracted with a gait algorithm from a lumbar-worn DHT compared to ground truth reference systems. Majority of participants either "agreed" or "strongly agreed" that wrist and lumbar DHTs were comfortable to wear at home, respectively, with 86% (wrist-worn DHT) and 68% (lumbar-worn DHT) wear-time compliance. Significant differences across age groups were observed in multiple gait and activity metrics obtained at home. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that gait and physical activity data can be collected from DHTs in pediatric populations with high reliability and wear compliance, in-clinic and in home environments. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04823650 IMPACT: Digital health technologies (DHTs) have been used to collect gait and physical activity in adult populations, but limited studies have validated these metrics in children. The MAGIC study comprehensively validates the performance and feasibility of DHT-measured gait and physical activity in the pediatric population. Our findings suggest that reliable gait and physical activity data can be collected from DHTs in pediatric populations, with both high accuracy and wear compliance both in-clinic and in home environments. The identified across-age-group differences in gait and activity measurements highlighted their potential clinical value.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xuemei Cai
- Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
- Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
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Lv H, Wang R. Association between the built environment and moderate to vigorous leisure-time physical activity among suzhou adolescents: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1313. [PMID: 37424006 PMCID: PMC10332021 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16243-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cardiovascular disease and obesity are both significantly influenced by physical inactivity. A rapidly expanding corpus of research contends that features of the built environment might encourage adolescents to lead active lives. There are still issues with the present evidence for determining which aspects of the built environment give adolescents the opportunity to engage in leisure-time physical activity (LTPA). This study looked at the relationship between the characteristics of the built environment and moderate-to-vigorous leisure-time physical activity (Leisure-time MVPA) of adolescents. METHODS 2628 adolescents between the ages of 11 and 18 were chosen as study participants from 19 Suzhou urban communities. They must have resided in the neighborhood for longer than six months and be permanent residents there. The International Physical Activities Questionnaire (n = 2628) and the Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale for Chinese Children (NEWS-CC) were used to collect the data. LTPA are connected to different modes: Walking, leisure-time MPA, and leisure-time VPA. Univariate analysis and multinomial logistic regression were used to screen for potential associations between the built environment and the leisure-time MVPA in adolescents. RESULTS Univariate analysis of the general demographic and built environment showed statistically significant differences in gender, residential density, accessibility, pedestrian safety, aesthetic and security (P < 0.05). Step by walking reference category, security (P < 0.05, OR = 1.131) were associated with adolescents' leisure-time MPA, aesthetics (P < 0.05, OR = 1.187) were associated with adolescents' leisure-time VPA, they both have a significant positive correlation. CONCLUSION Security was positively associated with adolescents' leisure-time MPA, aesthetics was positively associated with adolescents' leisure-time VPA. This suggests that built environment may associated with leisure-time MVPA of Suzhou adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hewu Lv
- College of Sports Science, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019 China
| | - Rui Wang
- Student Affairs Office, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019 China
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Yamanaka AB, Strasburger S, Chow C, Butel J, Wilkens L, Davis JD, Deenik J, Shallcross L, Novotny R. Food and Physical Activity Environment in the US-Affiliated Pacific Region: The Children's Healthy Living Program. J Nutr Educ Behav 2023; 55:96-104. [PMID: 36372662 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2022.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the quality of food and physical activity (PA) environments by World Bank Income level in jurisdictions from the Children's Healthy Living Program. DESIGN Baseline cross-sectional community data were analyzed from 11 jurisdictions categorized by World Bank Income levels to describe exposure to different food and PA outlets. The Children's Healthy Living Program was a multilevel, multijurisdictional prevalence study and community intervention trial that reduced child obesity in the US-Affiliated Pacific region. SETTING US-Affiliated Pacific region. PARTICIPANTS Food (n = 426) and PA (n = 552) Outlets. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Physical activity and food scores that reflect the quality of the outlets that support being physically active and healthy eating options, respectively. ANALYSIS Descriptive statistics are presented as means ± SD or percentages. RESULTS High-income-income level jurisdictions had higher food and PA scores than middle-income level jurisdictions. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The US-Affiliated Pacific region has limited quality food and PA outlets in underserved communities at risk for obesity. The findings in this paper can be used to develop tools and design interventions to improve the food and PA environment to increase a healthier, active lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley B Yamanaka
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Science, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI.
| | - Sabine Strasburger
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Science, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI
| | - Courtney Chow
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Science, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI
| | - Jean Butel
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Science, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI
| | - Lynne Wilkens
- Biostatistics and Informatics Shared Resource, University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI
| | - James D Davis
- Department of Biostatistics and Quantitative Health Sciences, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI
| | - Jonathan Deenik
- Department of Tropical Plant and Soil Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI
| | - Leslie Shallcross
- Health, Home and Family Development, Institute of Agriculture, Natural Resources and Extension, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK
| | - Rachel Novotny
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Science, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI
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Gemmell E, Ramsden R, Brussoni M, Brauer M. Influence of Neighborhood Built Environments on the Outdoor Free Play of Young Children: a Systematic, Mixed-Studies Review and Thematic Synthesis. J Urban Health 2023; 100:118-150. [PMID: 36534228 PMCID: PMC9762660 DOI: 10.1007/s11524-022-00696-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Urban environments shape early childhood exposures, experiences, and health behaviors, including outdoor free play, influencing the physical, cognitive, social, and emotional development of young children. We examined evidence for urban or suburban built environment influences on outdoor free play in 0-6-year-olds, considering potential differences across gender, culture, and geography. We systematically searched seven literature databases for relevant qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods studies: of 5740 unique studies, 53 met inclusion criteria. We assessed methodological quality and thematically synthesized findings from included studies. Three broad themes, features of spaces for play, routes, and social factors intersected to influence the availability, accessibility, and acceptability of neighborhoods for young children's outdoor free play across diverse cultural and geographic contexts. Proximity to formal or informal space for play, protection from traffic, pedestrian environment, green and natural environments, and opportunity for social connection supported outdoor free play. Family and community social context influenced perceptions of and use of space; however, we did not find consistent, gendered differences in built environment correlates of outdoor free play. Across diverse contexts, playable neighborhoods for young children provided nearby space for play, engaging routes protected from traffic and facilitated frequent interaction between people, nature, and structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Gemmell
- School of Population and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
| | - Rachel Ramsden
- School of Population and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
- Human Early Learning Partnership, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Mariana Brussoni
- School of Population and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
- Human Early Learning Partnership, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Colubmia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Michael Brauer
- School of Population and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Nagrani R, Marron M, Bongaerts E, Nawrot TS, Ameloot M, de Hoogh K, Vienneau D, Lequy E, Jacquemin B, Guenther K, De Ruyter T, Mehlig K, Molnár D, Moreno LA, Russo P, Veidebaum T, Ahrens W, Buck C. Association of urinary and ambient black carbon, and other ambient air pollutants with risk of prediabetes and metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents. Environ Pollut 2023; 317:120773. [PMID: 36455765 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The effects of exposure to black carbon (BC) on various diseases remains unclear, one reason being potential exposure misclassification following modelling of ambient air pollution levels. Urinary BC particles may be a more precise measure to analyze the health effects of BC. We aimed to assess the risk of prediabetes and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in relation to urinary BC particles and ambient BC and to compare their associations in 5453 children from IDEFICS/I. Family cohort. We determined the amount of BC particles in urine using label-free white-light generation under femtosecond pulsed laser illumination. We assessed annual exposure to ambient air pollutants (BC, PM2.5 and NO2) at the place of residence using land use regression models for Europe, and we calculated the residential distance to major roads (≤250 m vs. more). We analyzed the cross-sectional relationships between urinary BC and air pollutants (BC, PM2.5 and NO2) and distance to roads, and the associations of all these variables to the risk of prediabetes and MetS, using logistic and linear regression models. Though we did not observe associations between urinary and ambient BC in overall analysis, we observed a positive association between urinary and ambient BC levels in boys and in children living ≤250 m to a major road compared to those living >250 m away from a major road. We observed a positive association between log-transformed urinary BC particles and MetS (ORper unit increase = 1.72, 95% CI = 1.21; 2.45). An association between ambient BC and MetS was only observed in children living closer to a major road. Our findings suggest that exposure to BC (ambient and biomarker) may contribute to the risk of MetS in children. By measuring the internal dose, the BC particles in urine may have additionally captured non-residential sources and reduced exposure misclassification. Larger studies, with longitudinal design including measurement of urinary BC at multiple time-points are warranted to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajini Nagrani
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany.
| | - Manuela Marron
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Eva Bongaerts
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Tim S Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marcel Ameloot
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Kees de Hoogh
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Kreuzenstrasse 2, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland; University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Danielle Vienneau
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Kreuzenstrasse 2, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland; University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Emeline Lequy
- Unité "Cohortes en Population" UMS 011 Inserm/Université Paris-Cité/Université Paris Saclay/UVSQ Villejuif, France
| | - Bénédicte Jacquemin
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherché en Santé, Environnement et Travail) - UMR_S 1085,Rennes, France
| | - Kathrin Guenther
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Thaïs De Ruyter
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kirsten Mehlig
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Dénes Molnár
- Department of Paediatrics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Luis A Moreno
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón) Zaragoza, Spain and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de La Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paola Russo
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | | | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany; Institute of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Bremen University, Bremen, Germany
| | - Christoph Buck
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
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Fernández-Barrés S, Robinson O, Fossati S, Márquez S, Basagaña X, de Bont J, de Castro M, Donaire-Gonzalez D, Maitre L, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Romaguera D, Urquiza J, Chatzi L, Iakovides M, Vafeiadi M, Grazuleviciene R, Dedele A, Andrusaityte S, Marit Aasvang G, Evandt J, Hjertager Krog N, Lepeule J, Heude B, Wright J, McEachan RRC, Sassi F, Vineis P, Vrijheid M. Urban environment and health behaviours in children from six European countries. Environ Int 2022; 165:107319. [PMID: 35667344 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urban environmental design is increasingly considered influential for health and wellbeing, but evidence is mostly based on adults and single exposure studies. We evaluated the association between a wide range of urban environment characteristics and health behaviours in childhood. METHODS We estimated exposure to 32 urban environment characteristics (related to the built environment, traffic, and natural spaces) for home and school addresses of 1,581 children aged 6-11 years from six European cohorts. We collected information on health behaviours including total amount of overall moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, physical activity outside school hours, active transport, sedentary behaviours and sleep duration, and developed patterns of behaviours with principal component analysis. We used an exposure-wide association study to screen all exposure-outcome associations, and the deletion-substitution-addition algorithm to build a final multi-exposure model. RESULTS In multi-exposure models, green spaces (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, NDVI) were positively associated with active transport, and inversely associated with sedentary time (22.71 min/day less (95 %CI -39.90, -5.51) per interquartile range increase in NDVI). Residence in densely built areas was associated with more physical activity and less sedentary time, and densely populated areas with less physical activity outside school hours and more sedentary time. Presence of a major road was associated with lower sleep duration (-4.80 min/day (95 %CI -9.11, -0.48); compared with no major road). Results for the behavioural patterns were similar. CONCLUSIONS This multicohort study suggests that areas with more vegetation, more building density, less population density and without major roads are associated with improved health behaviours in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sílvia Fernández-Barrés
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain (Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain (Plaça de la Mercè, 10, 08002 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain (Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11. Planta 0 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Oliver Robinson
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK (Norfolk Place, W2 1PG London, UK
| | - Serena Fossati
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain (Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain (Plaça de la Mercè, 10, 08002 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain (Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11. Planta 0 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Márquez
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain (Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain (Plaça de la Mercè, 10, 08002 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain (Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11. Planta 0 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Xavier Basagaña
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain (Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain (Plaça de la Mercè, 10, 08002 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain (Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11. Planta 0 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jeroen de Bont
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain (Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain (Plaça de la Mercè, 10, 08002 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain (Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11. Planta 0 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Montserrat de Castro
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain (Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain (Plaça de la Mercè, 10, 08002 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain (Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11. Planta 0 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - David Donaire-Gonzalez
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Division of Environmental Epidemiology (EEPI), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Léa Maitre
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain (Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain (Plaça de la Mercè, 10, 08002 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain (Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11. Planta 0 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mark Nieuwenhuijsen
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain (Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain (Plaça de la Mercè, 10, 08002 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain (Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11. Planta 0 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Dora Romaguera
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain (Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (IdISBa), Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Spain (Carretera de Valldemossa, 79, 07120 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain (Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11. Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Urquiza
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain (Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain (Plaça de la Mercè, 10, 08002 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain (Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11. Planta 0 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Leda Chatzi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-9239, USA
| | - Minas Iakovides
- Environmental Chemical Processes Laboratory (ECPL), Chemistry Department, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece; Climate and Atmosphere Research Center (CARE-C), The Cyprus Institute, 20, Konstantinou Kavafi Str., 2121, Aglantzia, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Marina Vafeiadi
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece (Voutes Campus, Heraklion, Crete, GR-71003, Greece
| | - Regina Grazuleviciene
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania (Vileikos g. 8 - 212, LT-44404 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Audrius Dedele
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania (Vileikos g. 8 - 212, LT-44404 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Sandra Andrusaityte
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania (Vileikos g. 8 - 212, LT-44404 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Gunn Marit Aasvang
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway (Lovisenberggata 8, 0456 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jorunn Evandt
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway (Lovisenberggata 8, 0456 Oslo, Norway
| | - Norun Hjertager Krog
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway (Lovisenberggata 8, 0456 Oslo, Norway
| | - Johanna Lepeule
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, IAB, Grenoble, France
| | - Barbara Heude
- Université de Paris-cité, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), INSERM, INRAE, F-75004 Paris, France
| | - John Wright
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK (Bradford Royal Infirmary, Duckworth Lane, BD9 6RJ Bradford, UK
| | - Rosemary R C McEachan
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK (Bradford Royal Infirmary, Duckworth Lane, BD9 6RJ Bradford, UK
| | - Franco Sassi
- Centre for Health Economics and Policy Innovation, Department of Economics and Public Policy, Imperial College Business School, London, UK
| | - Paolo Vineis
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK (Norfolk Place, W2 1PG London, UK; Italian Institute of Technology, Genova, Italy
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain (Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain (Plaça de la Mercè, 10, 08002 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain (Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11. Planta 0 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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Hohl A, Lotfata A. A Geographical Analysis of Socioeconomic and Environmental Drivers of Physical Inactivity in Post Pandemic Cities: The Case Study of Chicago, IL, USA. Urban Science 2022; 6:28. [DOI: 10.3390/urbansci6020028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The pandemic’s lockdown has made physical inactivity unavoidable, forcing many people to work from home and increasing the sedentary nature of their lifestyle. The link between spatial and socio-environmental dynamics and people’s levels of physical activity is critical for promoting healthy lifestyles and improving population health. Most studies on physical activity or sedentary behaviors have focused on the built environment, with less attention to social and natural environments. We illustrate the spatial distribution of physical inactivity using the space scan statistic to supplement choropleth maps of physical inactivity prevalence in Chicago, IL, USA. In addition, we employ geographically weighted regression (GWR) to address spatial non-stationarity of physical inactivity prevalence in Chicago per census tract. Lastly, we compare GWR to the traditional ordinary least squares (OLS) model to assess the effect of spatial dependency in the data. The findings indicate that, while access to green space, bike lanes, and living in a diverse environment, as well as poverty, unsafety, and disability, are associated with a lack of interest in physical activities, limited language proficiency is not a predictor of an inactive lifestyle. Our findings suggest that physical activity is related to socioeconomic and environmental factors, which may help guide future physical activity behavior research and intervention decisions, particularly in identifying vulnerable areas and people.
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Nagrani R, Foraita R, Wolters M, De Henauw S, Marild S, Molnár D, Moreno LA, Russo P, Tornaritis M, Veidebaum T, Ahrens W, Marron M. Longitudinal association of inflammatory markers with markers of glycaemia and insulin resistance in European children. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2022; 38:e3511. [PMID: 34748681 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Subclinical systemic inflammation may lead to development of type 2 diabetes, but there has been no investigation into its relationship with early progression of glycaemic deterioration and insulin resistance, especially in younger population. In this study we assessed longitudinal associations of pro- and anti-inflammatory markers with markers that evaluate glycaemia and insulin resistance. METHODS This study includes 6537 initially nondiabetic children (mean age at baseline = 6.2 years) with repeated measurements from the IDEFICS/I.Family cohort study (mean follow-up = 5.3 years) from eight European countries. Markers of inflammation were used as independent variables and markers of glycaemia/insulin resistance as dependent variables. Associations were examined using two-level growth model. Models were adjusted for sex, age, major lifestyle, metabolic risk factors, early life markers, and other inflammatory markers in final model. RESULTS Children with 6 years of follow-up showed that a one-unit increase in z-score of leptin level was associated with 0.38 (95% CI = 0.32 to 0.44) unit increase in HOMA-IR z-scores. Leptin continued to be associated with HOMA-IR even when analysis was limited to children with no overall obesity, no abdominal obesity, and low to normal triglyceride levels. An inverse association was observed between IL-15 and HOMA-IR (β = -0.11, 95% CI = -0.15 to -0.07). CONCLUSIONS IL-15 should be evaluated further in the prevention or treatment of prediabetes whereas leptin may prove to be useful in early detection of prediabetes via their association with markers of insulin resistance in European children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajini Nagrani
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Ronja Foraita
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Maike Wolters
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Stefaan De Henauw
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Staffan Marild
- Department of Paediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Dénes Molnár
- Department of Paediatrics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Luis A Moreno
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón) Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paola Russo
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | | | | | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, Bremen, Germany
- Institute of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Bremen University, Bremen, Germany
| | - Manuela Marron
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, Bremen, Germany
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9
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Sina E, Buck C, Veidebaum T, Siani A, Reisch L, Pohlabeln H, Pala V, Moreno LA, Molnar D, Lissner L, Kourides Y, De Henauw S, Eiben G, Ahrens W, Hebestreit A. Media use trajectories and risk of metabolic syndrome in European children and adolescents: the IDEFICS/I.Family cohort. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2021; 18:134. [PMID: 34663352 PMCID: PMC8521295 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-021-01186-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Media use may influence metabolic syndrome (MetS) in children. Yet, longitudinal studies are scarce. This study aims to evaluate the longitudinal association of childhood digital media (DM) use trajectories with MetS and its components. Methods Children from Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Spain and Sweden participating in the IDEFICS/I.Family cohort were examined at baseline (W1: 2007/2008) and then followed-up at two examination waves (W2: 2009/2010 and W3: 2013/2014). DM use (hours/day) was calculated as sum of television viewing, computer/game console and internet use. MetS z-score was calculated as sum of age- and sex-specific z-scores of four components: waist circumference, blood pressure, dyslipidemia (mean of triglycerides and HDL-cholesterol−1) and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Unfavorable monitoring levels of MetS and its components were identified (cut-off: ≥ 90th percentile of each score). Children aged 2–16 years with ≥ 2 observations (W1/W2; W1/W3; W2/W3; W1/W2/W3) were eligible for the analysis. A two-step procedure was conducted: first, individual age-dependent DM trajectories were calculated using linear mixed regressions based on random intercept (hours/day) and linear slopes (hours/day/year) and used as exposure measures in association with MetS at a second step. Trajectories were further dichotomized if children increased their DM duration over time above or below the mean. Results 10,359 children and adolescents (20,075 total observations, 50.3% females, mean age = 7.9, SD = 2.7) were included. DM exposure increased as children grew older (from 2.2 h/day at 2 years to 4.2 h/day at 16 years). Estonian children showed the steepest DM increase; Spanish children the lowest. The prevalence of MetS at last follow-up was 5.5%. Increasing media use trajectories were positively associated with z-scores of MetS (slope: β = 0.54, 95%CI = 0.20–0.88; intercept: β = 0.07, 95%CI = 0.02–0.13), and its components after adjustment for puberty, diet and other confounders. Children with increasing DM trajectories above mean had a 30% higher risk of developing MetS (slope: OR = 1.30, 95%CI = 1.04–1.62). Boys developed steeper DM use trajectories and higher risk for MetS compared to girls. Conclusions Digital media use appears to be a risk factor for the development of MetS in children and adolescents. These results are of utmost importance for pediatricians and the development of health policies to prevent cardio-metabolic disorders later in life. Trial registration ISRCTN, ISRCTN62310987. Registered 23 February 2018- retrospectively registered. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12966-021-01186-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elida Sina
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, Achterstraße 30, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Christoph Buck
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, Achterstraße 30, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Toomas Veidebaum
- Department of Chronic Diseases, National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Alfonso Siani
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | - Lucia Reisch
- Department of Management, Society and Communication, Copenhagen Business School, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hermann Pohlabeln
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, Achterstraße 30, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Valeria Pala
- Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS, Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Luis A Moreno
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de La Obesidad Y Nutrición (CIBERObn), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Dénes Molnar
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Lauren Lissner
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Yiannis Kourides
- Research and Education Institute of Child Health, Strovolos, Cyprus
| | - Stefaan De Henauw
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Gabriele Eiben
- Department of Public Health, School of Health Sciences, University of Skövde, Skövde, Sweden
| | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, Achterstraße 30, 28359, Bremen, Germany.,Institute of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Antje Hebestreit
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, Achterstraße 30, 28359, Bremen, Germany.
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10
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Ortegon-Sanchez A, McEachan RRC, Albert A, Cartwright C, Christie N, Dhanani A, Islam S, Ucci M, Vaughan L. Measuring the Built Environment in Studies of Child Health-A Meta-Narrative Review of Associations. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:10741. [PMID: 34682484 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182010741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Although the built environment (BE) is important for children’s health, there is little consensus about which features are most important due to differences in measurement and outcomes across disciplines. This meta-narrative review was undertaken by a multi-disciplinary team of researchers to summarise ways in which the BE is measured, and how this links to children’s health. A structured search of four databases across the relevant disciplines retrieved 108 relevant references. The most commonly addressed health-related outcomes were active travel, physical activity and play, and obesity. Many studies used objective (GIS and street audits) or standardised subjective (perceived) measurements of the BE. However, there was a wide variety, and sometimes inconsistency, in their definition and use. There were clear associations between the BE and children’s health. Objective physical activity and self-reported active travel, or obesity, were positively associated with higher street connectivity or walkability measures, while self-reported physical activity and play had the strongest association with reduced street connectivity, indicated by quieter, one-way streets. Despite the high heterogeneity found in BE measures and health outcomes, the meta-narrative approach enabled us to identify ten BE categories that are likely to support children’s health and be protective against some non-communicable disease risk factors. Future research should implement consistent BE measures to ensure key features are explored. A systems approach will be particularly relevant for addressing place-based health inequalities, given potential unintended health consequences of making changes to the BE.
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11
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Yi L, Mason TB, Yang CH, Chu D, Dunton GF. Longitudinal Associations Between Neighborhood Park and Open Space Access and Children's Accelerometer-Assessed Measured Physical Activity: The Evidence From the MATCH Study. J Phys Act Health 2021; 18:1058-1066. [PMID: 34198261 PMCID: PMC10913531 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2021-0177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cross-sectional studies have shown positive associations between neighborhood park access and children's physical activity (PA); however, research that examines the relationship longitudinally is lacking. This study investigates how neighborhood park access affects the longitudinal trajectory of PA in 192 children across 3 years. METHODS Accelerometer-assessed PA data of children (N = 202) were collected across 6 semi-annual waves (7 d each) between 2014 and 2018. Geographical information systems was used to measure neighborhood park access (ie, coverage, density, and proximity) at baseline. Mixed-effects models examined the associations of park access with children's baseline and trajectory of moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) minutes across 3 years and whether the associations differed by sex or weekends versus weekdays. RESULTS Higher neighborhood park density, coverage, and proximity were positively associated with children's baseline MVPA minutes per day. Longitudinally, higher park coverage was associated with smaller decreases in children's MVPA minutes per day, but only during weekends. Park density and proximity were not associated with change in MVPA minutes per day. The above associations did not differ by sex. CONCLUSIONS Having access to more neighborhood parklands protected against age-related declines in children's PA. These findings suggest that neighborhood park coverage should be considered by urban planners when evaluating the health impacts of their policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yi
- Spatial Sciences Institute, University of Southern California
| | - Tyler B. Mason
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California
| | | | - Daniel Chu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California
| | - Genevieve F. Dunton
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California
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12
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Garnica Rosas L, Mensink GBM, Finger JD, Schienkiewitz A, Do S, Wolters M, Stanley I, Abu Omar K, Wieczorowska-Tobis K, Woods CB, Murrin C, Ahrens W, Hebestreit A. Selection of key indicators for European policy monitoring and surveillance for dietary behaviour, physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2021; 18:48. [PMID: 33794923 PMCID: PMC8015190 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-021-01111-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A pan-European approach to evaluate policy impact on health behaviour requires the employment of a consensus set of established and relevant indicators. METHODS As part of the Joint Programming Initiative on a Healthy Diet for a Healthy Life, the Policy Evaluation Network PEN identified key indicators of health behaviours and their determinants. These key indicators are already, or have the potential to be, adopted by large European Union surveillance systems for the assessment of policy impact. The iterative selection process included consultations in two rounds via email prior to a 2-days expert workshop. The experts collated a list of dietary behaviour, physical activity and sedentary behaviour indicators for European policy monitoring in young and adult populations based on existing frameworks and literature reviews. The expert panel was composed of researchers, policy makers and representatives of major European surveillance systems and related initiatives, as well as, representatives of organisations providing monitoring data, such as the European Commission and Eurostat. RESULTS The process provided two lists of key indicators including 37 diet 'policy' indicators and 35 indicators for dietary behaviour and their 'determinants'; as well as 32 physical activity 'policy' indicators and 35 indicators for physical activity, sedentary behaviour and their 'determinants'. CONCLUSION A total of 139 key indicators related to the individual, the setting and the population level, and suitable for the assessment of dietary behaviour, physical activity and sedentary behaviour were prioritised by policy makers and researchers with the ultimate aim to embed policy evaluation measures in existing surveillance systems across the European Union. In a next step, data sources and suitable instruments will be identified to assess these key indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Garnica Rosas
- Robert Koch Institute, General-Pape Straße 62-66, 12101, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gert B M Mensink
- Robert Koch Institute, General-Pape Straße 62-66, 12101, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Jonas D Finger
- Robert Koch Institute, General-Pape Straße 62-66, 12101, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja Schienkiewitz
- Robert Koch Institute, General-Pape Straße 62-66, 12101, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefanie Do
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Maike Wolters
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Isobel Stanley
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | | | | - Celine Murrin
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany.,University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Antje Hebestreit
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
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13
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Tcymbal A, Demetriou Y, Kelso A, Wolbring L, Wunsch K, Wäsche H, Woll A, Reimers AK. Effects of the built environment on physical activity: a systematic review of longitudinal studies taking sex/gender into account. Environ Health Prev Med 2020; 25:75. [PMID: 33246405 PMCID: PMC7697377 DOI: 10.1186/s12199-020-00915-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Individual health behavior is related to environmental and social structures. To promote physical activity (PA) effectively, it is necessary to consider structural influences. Previous research has shown the relevance of the built environment. However, sex/gender differences have yet not been considered. The aim of this systematic review was to identify built environmental determinants of PA by taking sex/gender into account. Methods A systematic literature search was carried out using six electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, SportDiscus, PsycInfo, Scopus, Web of Knowledge) to identify studies analyzing the effect of changes in the built environment on PA, taking sex/gender into account. To be included, studies had to be based on quantitative data and a longitudinal study design. Changes in the built environment had to be objectively assessed. The methodological quality of the studies was examined using the QualSyst tool for examining risk of bias. Results In total, 36 studies published since 2000 were included in this review. The data synthesis revealed that the majority of reviewed studies found the built environment to be a determinant of PA behavior for both, males and females, in a similar way. Creating a new infrastructure for walking, cycling, and public transportation showed a positive effect on PA behavior. Findings were most consistent for the availability of public transport, which was positively associated with overall PA and walking. The improvement of walking and cycling infrastructure had no effect on the overall level of PA, but it attracted more users and had a positive effect on active transportation. In women, the availability of public transport, safe cycling lanes, housing density, and the distance to daily destinations proved to be more relevant with regard to their PA behavior. In men, street network characteristics and road environment, such as intersection connectivity, local road density, and the presence of dead-end roads, were more important determinants of PA. Conclusion This review sheds light on the relevance of the built environment on PA. By focusing on sex/gender differences, a new aspect was addressed that should be further analyzed in future research and considered by urban planners and other practitioners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonina Tcymbal
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-University University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Gebbertstraße 123b, 91058, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Yolanda Demetriou
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anne Kelso
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Laura Wolbring
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Kathrin Wunsch
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Hagen Wäsche
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Alexander Woll
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Anne K Reimers
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-University University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Gebbertstraße 123b, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
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14
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Appolloni L, Giretti A, Corazza MV, D’alessandro D. Walkable Urban Environments: An Ergonomic Approach of Evaluation. Sustainability 2020; 12:8347. [DOI: 10.3390/su12208347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background. The salutogenicity of urban environments is significantly affected by their ergonomics, i.e., by the quality of the interactions between citizens and the elements of the built environment. Measuring and modelling urban ergonomics is thus a key issue to provide urban policy makers with planning solutions to increase the well-being, usability and safety of the urban environment. However, this is a difficult task due to the complexity of the interrelations between the urban environment and human activities. The paper contributes to the definition of a generalized model of urban ergonomics and salutogenicity, focusing on walkability, by discussing the relevant parameters from the large and variegated sets proposed in the literature, by discussing the emerging model structure from a data mining process, by considering the background of the relevant functional dependency already established in the literature, and by providing evidence of the solutions’ effectiveness. The methodology is developed for a case study in central Italy, with a focus on the mobility issue, which is a catalyst to generate more salutogenic and sustainable behaviors.
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15
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Cheng L, Pohlabeln H, Ahrens W, Lauria F, Veidebaum T, Chadjigeorgiou C, Molnár D, Eiben G, Michels N, Moreno LA, Page AS, Pitsiladis Y, Hebestreit A. Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between physical activity, sedentary behaviour and bone stiffness index across weight status in European children and adolescents. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2020; 17:54. [PMID: 32345301 PMCID: PMC7189536 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-020-00956-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The associations between physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviour (SB) and bone health may be differentially affected by weight status during growth. This study aims to assess the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between PA, SB and bone stiffness index (SI) in European children and adolescents, taking the weight status into consideration. Methods Calcaneus SI was first measured by quantitative ultrasound among children aged 2–9 years old in 2007/08. It was measured again after 2 years in the IDEFICS study and after 6 years in the I. Family study. A sample of 2008 participants with time spent at sports clubs, watching TV and playing computer/games self-reported by questionnaire, and a subsample of 1037 participants with SB, light PA (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) objectively measured using Actigraph accelerometers were included in the analyses. Weight status was defined as thin/normal and overweight/obese according to the extended International Obesity Task Force criteria. Linear mixed-effects models were used to estimate the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between PA, SB and SI percentiles, stratified by weight status. Results The cross-sectional association between weekly duration of watching TV and SI percentiles was negative in thin/normal weight group (β = − 0.35, p = 0.008). However, baseline weekly duration of watching TV (β = − 0.63, p = 0.021) and change after 2 years (β = − 0.63, p = 0.022) as well as the change in weekly duration of playing computer/games after 6 years (β = − 0.75, p = 0.019) were inversely associated with corresponding changes in SI percentiles in overweight/obese group. Change in time spent at sports clubs was positively associated with change in SI percentiles after 2 years (β = 1.28, p = 0.001), with comparable effect sizes across weight status. In the subsample with accelerometer data, we found a positive cross-sectional association between MVPA and SI percentiles in thin/normal weight group. Baseline MVPA predicted changes in SI percentiles after 2 and 6 years in all groups. Conclusions Our results suggested the beneficial effect of PA on SI. However, the increasing durations of screen-based SB might be risk factors for SI development, especially in overweight/obese children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Cheng
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Achterstraße 30, 28359, Bremen, Germany.,Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Hermann Pohlabeln
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Achterstraße 30, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Achterstraße 30, 28359, Bremen, Germany.,Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Fabio Lauria
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | - Toomas Veidebaum
- Department of Chronic Diseases, National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia
| | | | - Dénes Molnár
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Gabriele Eiben
- Department of Public Health, School of Health Sciences, University of Skövde, Skövde, Sweden
| | - Nathalie Michels
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Luis A Moreno
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), University of Zaragoza, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Angie S Page
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Yannis Pitsiladis
- Collaborating Centre of Sports Medicine, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
| | - Antje Hebestreit
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Achterstraße 30, 28359, Bremen, Germany.
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