1
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Zhang X, Yue S, Jiang D, Zhang G, Liu J, Li X. Gga3 gene-deleted C57BL/6J mice have elevated fasting blood glucose levels. Genes Dis 2023; 10:2206-2209. [PMID: 37554210 PMCID: PMC10405082 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Zhang
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Behavioral Interventions of Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272013, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272013, China
| | - Song Yue
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Behavioral Interventions of Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272013, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272013, China
- Department of Pathology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, China
| | - Dongjun Jiang
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Behavioral Interventions of Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272013, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272013, China
| | - Guoan Zhang
- Institute of Forensic Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Jining Medical University, Forensic Science Center of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, China
| | - Jianli Liu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, China
| | - Xuezhi Li
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Behavioral Interventions of Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272013, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272013, China
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2
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Jiao H, Chen Y, Han T, Pan Q, Gao F, Li G. GGA1 participates in spermatogenesis in mice under stress. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15673. [PMID: 37551344 PMCID: PMC10404397 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infertility is recognized as a common and worrisome problem of human reproduction worldwide. Based on previous studies, male factors account for about half of all infertility cases. Exposure to environmental toxicants is an important contributor to male infertility. Bisphenol A (BPA) is the most prominent toxic environmental contaminant worldwide affecting the male reproductive system. BPA can impair the function of the Golgi apparatus which is important in spermatogenesis. GGA1 is known as Golgi-localized, gamma adaptin ear-containing, ARF-binding protein 1. Previously, it has been shown that GGA1 is associated with spermatogenesis in Drosophila, however, its function in mammalian spermatogenesis remains unclear. METHODS Gga1 knockout mice were generated using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Gga1-/- male mice and wild-type littermates received intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of BPA (40 µg/kg) once daily for 2 weeks. Histological and immunofluorescence staining were performed to analyze the phenotypes of these mice. RESULTS Male mice lacking Gga1 had normal fertility without any obvious defects in spermatogenesis, sperm count and sperm morphology. Gga1 ablation led to infertility in male mice exposed to BPA, along with a significant reduction in sperm count, sperm motility and the percentage of normal sperm. Histological analysis of the seminiferous epithelium showed that spermatogenesis was severely disorganized, while apoptotic germ cells were significantly increased in the Gga1 null mice exposed to BPA. Our findings suggest that Gga1 protects spermatogenesis against damage induced by environmental pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyun Jiao
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yinghong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
- Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Han
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Qiyu Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Fei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guoping Li
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, P.R. China
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3
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Sun F, Zhang R, Li T, Zhang L, Chen X, Liang Y, Chen L, Zou S, Dong H. Fusarium graminearum GGA protein is critical for fungal development, virulence and ascospore discharge through its involvement in vesicular trafficking. Environ Microbiol 2022; 24:6290-6306. [PMID: 36335568 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Vesicular trafficking is a conserved material transport process in eukaryotic cells. The GGA family proteins are clathrin adaptors that are involved in eukaryotic vesicle transport, but their functions in phytopathogenic filamentous fungi remain unexplored. Here, we examined the only GGA family protein in Fusarium graminearum, FgGga1, which localizes to both the late Golgi and endosomes. In the absence of FgGga1, the fungal mutant exhibited defects in vegetative growth, DON biosynthesis, ascospore discharge and virulence. Fluorescence microscopy analysis revealed that FgGga1 is associated with trans-Golgi network (TGN)-to-plasma membrane, endosome-to-TGN and endosome-to-vacuole transport. Mutational analysis on the five domains of FgGga1 showed that the VHS domain was required for endosome-to-TGN transport while the GAT167-248 and the hinge domains were required for both endosome-to-TGN and endosome-to-vacuole transport. Importantly, the deletion of the FgGga1 domains that are required in vesicular trafficking also inhibited vegetative growth and virulence of F. graminearum. In addition, FgGga1 interacted with the ascospore discharge regulator Ca2+ ATPase FgNeo1, whose transport to the vacuole is dependent on FgGga1-mediated endosome-to-vacuole transport. Our results suggest that FgGga1 is required for fungal development and virulence via FgGga1-mediated vesicular trafficking, and FgGga1-mediated endosome-to-vacuole transport facilitates ascospore discharge in F. graminearum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjiang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Ruotong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Tiantian Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Liyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.,State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Xiaochen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.,State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Yuancun Liang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.,State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Shenshen Zou
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Hansong Dong
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.,State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
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4
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Uemura T, Suzuki T, Dohmae N, Waguri S. Clathrin adapters AP-1 and GGA2 support expression of epidermal growth factor receptor for cell growth. Oncogenesis 2021; 10:80. [PMID: 34799560 PMCID: PMC8604998 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-021-00367-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of Golgi/endosome-localized clathrin adapters in the maintenance of steady-state cell surface epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is not well known. Here, we show that EGFR associates preferentially with both AP-1 and GGA2 in vitro. AP-1 depletion caused a reduction in the EGFR protein by promoting its lysosomal degradation. Triple immunofluorescence microscopy and proximity ligation assays demonstrated that the interaction of EGFR with AP-1 or GGA2 occurred more frequently in Rab11-positive recycling endosomes than in Rab5-positive early endosomes. Biochemical recycling assay revealed that the depletion of AP-1 or GGA2 significantly suppressed EGFR recycling to the plasma membrane regardless of the EGF stimulation. Depletion of AP-1 or GGA2 also reduced cell contents of other tyrosine kinases, MET and ErbB4, and therefore, suppressed the growth of H1975 cancer cells in culture and xenograft model. Moreover, AP-1 was expressed in endosomes at higher levels in some cancer tissues. Collectively, these results suggest that AP-1 and GGA2 function in recycling endosomes to retrieve endocytosed EGFR, thereby sustaining its cell surface expression and, consequently, cancer cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takefumi Uemura
- grid.411582.b0000 0001 1017 9540Department of Anatomy and Histology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, Fukushima 960-1295 Japan
| | - Takehiro Suzuki
- grid.509461.fBiomolecular Characterization Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Naoshi Dohmae
- grid.509461.fBiomolecular Characterization Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Satoshi Waguri
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan.
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5
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Lomoio S, Willen R, Kim W, Ho KZ, Robinson EK, Prokopenko D, Kennedy ME, Tanzi RE, Tesco G. Gga3 deletion and a GGA3 rare variant associated with late onset Alzheimer's disease trigger BACE1 accumulation in axonal swellings. Sci Transl Med 2021; 12:12/570/eaba1871. [PMID: 33208500 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aba1871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Axonal dystrophy, indicative of perturbed axonal transport, occurs early during Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. Little is known about the mechanisms underlying this initial sign of the pathology. This study proves that Golgi-localized γ-ear-containing ARF binding protein 3 (GGA3) loss of function, due to Gga3 genetic deletion or a GGA3 rare variant that cosegregates with late-onset AD, disrupts the axonal trafficking of the β-site APP-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) resulting in its accumulation in axonal swellings in cultured neurons and in vivo. We show that BACE pharmacological inhibition ameliorates BACE1 axonal trafficking and diminishes axonal dystrophies in Gga3 null neurons in vitro and in vivo. These data indicate that axonal accumulation of BACE1 engendered by GGA3 loss of function results in local toxicity leading to axonopathy. Gga3 deletion exacerbates axonal dystrophies in a mouse model of AD before β-amyloid (Aβ) deposition. Our study strongly supports a role for GGA3 in AD pathogenesis, where GGA3 loss of function triggers BACE1 axonal accumulation independently of extracellular Aβ, and initiates a cascade of events leading to the axonal damage distinctive of the early stage of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selene Lomoio
- Department of Neuroscience, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Rachel Willen
- Department of Neuroscience, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - WonHee Kim
- Department of Neuroscience, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Kevin Z Ho
- Department of Neuroscience, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Edward K Robinson
- Department of Neuroscience, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Dmitry Prokopenko
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | | | - Rudolph E Tanzi
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Giuseppina Tesco
- Department of Neuroscience, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
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6
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Doray B, Liu L, Lee WS, Jennings BC, Kornfeld S. Inactivation of the three GGA genes in HeLa cells partially compromises lysosomal enzyme sorting. FEBS Open Bio 2021; 11:367-374. [PMID: 33206455 PMCID: PMC7876502 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The Golgi-localized, gamma-ear containing, ADP-ribosylation factor-binding proteins (GGAs 1, 2, and 3) are multidomain proteins that bind mannose 6-phosphate receptors (MPRs) at the Golgi and play a role, along with adaptor protein complex 1 (AP-1), in the sorting of newly synthesized lysosomal hydrolases to the endolysosomal system. However, the relative importance of the two types of coat proteins in this process is still unclear. Here, we report that inactivation of all three GGA genes in HeLa cells decreased the sorting efficiency of cathepsin D from 97% to 73% relative to wild-type, with marked redistribution of the cation-independent MPR from peripheral punctae to the trans-Golgi network. In comparison, GNPTAB-/- HeLa cells with complete inactivation of the mannose 6-phosphate pathway sorted only 20% of the cathepsin D. We conclude that the residual sorting of cathepsin D in the GGA triple-knockout cells is mediated by AP-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balraj Doray
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Wang-Sik Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Benjamin C Jennings
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Stuart Kornfeld
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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7
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Uemura T, Waguri S. Emerging roles of Golgi/endosome-localizing monomeric clathrin adaptors GGAs. Anat Sci Int 2019; 95:12-21. [DOI: 10.1007/s12565-019-00505-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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8
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Makowski SL, Kuna RS, Field SJ. Induction of membrane curvature by proteins involved in Golgi trafficking. Adv Biol Regul 2019; 75:100661. [PMID: 31668661 PMCID: PMC7056495 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2019.100661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The Golgi apparatus serves a key role in processing and sorting lipids and proteins for delivery to their final cellular destinations. Vesicle exit from the Golgi initiates with directional deformation of the lipid bilayer to produce a bulge. Several mechanisms have been described by which lipids and proteins can induce directional membrane curvature to promote vesicle budding. Here we review some of the mechanisms implicated in inducing membrane curvature at the Golgi to promote vesicular trafficking to various cellular destinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie L Makowski
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Ramya S Kuna
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Seth J Field
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
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9
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Sahgal P, Alanko J, Icha J, Paatero I, Hamidi H, Arjonen A, Pietilä M, Rokka A, Ivaska J. GGA2 and RAB13 promote activity-dependent β1-integrin recycling. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs.233387. [PMID: 31076515 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.233387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
β1-integrins mediate cell-matrix interactions and their trafficking is important in the dynamic regulation of cell adhesion, migration and malignant processes, including cancer cell invasion. Here, we employ an RNAi screen to characterize regulators of integrin traffic and identify the association of Golgi-localized gamma ear-containing Arf-binding protein 2 (GGA2) with β1-integrin, and its role in recycling of active but not inactive β1-integrin receptors. Silencing of GGA2 limits active β1-integrin levels in focal adhesions and decreases cancer cell migration and invasion, which is in agreement with its ability to regulate the dynamics of active integrins. By using the proximity-dependent biotin identification (BioID) method, we identified two RAB family small GTPases, i.e. RAB13 and RAB10, as novel interactors of GGA2. Functionally, RAB13 silencing triggers the intracellular accumulation of active β1-integrin, and reduces integrin activity in focal adhesions and cell migration similarly to GGA2 depletion, indicating that both facilitate active β1-integrin recycling to the plasma membrane. Thus, GGA2 and RAB13 are important specificity determinants for integrin activity-dependent traffic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranshu Sahgal
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku FIN-20520, Finland
| | - Jonna Alanko
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku FIN-20520, Finland
| | - Jaroslav Icha
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku FIN-20520, Finland
| | - Ilkka Paatero
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku FIN-20520, Finland
| | - Hellyeh Hamidi
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku FIN-20520, Finland
| | - Antti Arjonen
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku FIN-20520, Finland
| | - Mika Pietilä
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku FIN-20520, Finland
| | - Anne Rokka
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku FIN-20520, Finland
| | - Johanna Ivaska
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku FIN-20520, Finland .,Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Turku, Turku FIN-20520, Finland
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10
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Cargo Sorting at the trans-Golgi Network for Shunting into Specific Transport Routes: Role of Arf Small G Proteins and Adaptor Complexes. Cells 2019; 8:cells8060531. [PMID: 31163688 PMCID: PMC6627992 DOI: 10.3390/cells8060531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The trans-Golgi network (TGN) is responsible for selectively recruiting newly synthesized cargo into transport carriers for delivery to their appropriate destination. In addition, the TGN is responsible for receiving and recycling cargo from endosomes. The membrane organization of the TGN facilitates the sorting of cargoes into distinct populations of transport vesicles. There have been significant advances in defining the molecular mechanism involved in the recognition of membrane cargoes for recruitment into different populations of transport carriers. This machinery includes cargo adaptors of the adaptor protein (AP) complex family, and monomeric Golgi-localized γ ear-containing Arf-binding protein (GGA) family, small G proteins, coat proteins, as well as accessory factors to promote budding and fission of transport vesicles. Here, we review this literature with a particular focus on the transport pathway(s) mediated by the individual cargo adaptors and the cargo motifs recognized by these adaptors. Defects in these cargo adaptors lead to a wide variety of diseases.
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11
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Isobe M, Lee S, Waguri S, Kametaka S. Clathrin adaptor GGA1 modulates myogenesis of C2C12 myoblasts. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0207533. [PMID: 30440034 PMCID: PMC6237421 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
During myogenesis, myogenic stem cells undergo several sequential events, including cell division, migration, and cell-cell fusion, leading to the formation of multinuclear myotubes, which are the precursors of myofibers. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying these complex processes, an RNA interference-based gene depletion approach was used. Golgi associated, gamma adaptin ear containing, ARF binding protein 1 (GGA1), a Golgi-resident monomeric clathrin adaptor, was found to be required for the process of myotube formation in C2C12 cells, a cultured murine myoblast cell line. Gga1 mRNA expression was upregulated during myogenesis, and Gga1 depletion prevented the formation of large multi-nucleated myotubes. Moreover, inhibition of lysosomal proteases in Gga1 knockdown myoblasts increased the amount of insulin receptor, suggesting that GGA1 is involved in the cell surface expression and sorting of the insulin receptor. These results suggested that GGA1 plays a significant role in the formation and maturation of myotubes by targeting the insulin receptor to the cell surface to establish functionally mature myofibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Isobe
- Department of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Sachiko Lee
- Department of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Satoshi Waguri
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kametaka
- Department of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
- * E-mail:
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12
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UEMURA T, SAWADA N, SAKABA T, KAMETAKA S, YAMAMOTO M, WAGURI S. Intracellular localization of GGA accessory protein p56 in cell lines and central nervous system neurons . Biomed Res 2018; 39:179-187. [DOI: 10.2220/biomedres.39.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takefumi UEMURA
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Naoki SAWADA
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Takao SAKABA
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Satoshi KAMETAKA
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Masaya YAMAMOTO
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Satoshi WAGURI
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine
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13
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GGA2 interacts with EGFR cytoplasmic domain to stabilize the receptor expression and promote cell growth. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1368. [PMID: 29358589 PMCID: PMC5778047 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19542-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling and its downregulation upon ligand binding have been extensively documented. However, the mechanisms by which cells maintain steady-state EGFR expression remain poorly understood. Here, we report a novel role of Golgi-localized, γ-adaptin ear-containing, ADP ribosylation factor-binding protein 2 (GGA2) in the control of EGFR turnover. Whereas GGA1- or GGA3-depletion increased EGFR expression, GGA2-depletion by RNAi greatly reduced steady-state expression of EGFR, reflecting enhanced lysosomal degradation of EGFR. Subsequent pull-down assays showed interactions of VHS-GAT domains from three GGAs with the cytoplasmic juxtamembrane region (jxt) of EGFR, which was dependent on N108 in the VHS domain. Proximity ligation assay also revealed the steady-state interaction between GGA2 and EGFR in situ. Moreover, reduced expression of EGFR in GGA2-depleted cells was reversed by additional depletion of GGA1 or GGA3, suggesting that GGA1 and GGA3 promote EGFR degradation. In addition, GGA2-depleted cells had reduced EGF signaling and cell proliferation in cell culture and xenograft experiments. Finally, GGA2 was upregulated in 30.8% of human hepatocellular carcinomas and 23.3% of colorectal cancers. Together, these results indicate that GGA2 supports cell growth by interacting with EGFR for sustaining the receptor expression.
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14
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Daboussi L, Costaguta G, Ghukasyan R, Payne GS. Conserved role for Gga proteins in phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase localization to the trans-Golgi network. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:3433-3438. [PMID: 28289207 PMCID: PMC5380026 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1615163114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphoinositides serve as key membrane determinants for assembly of clathrin coat proteins that drive formation of clathrin-coated vesicles. At the trans-Golgi network (TGN), phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PtdIns4P) plays important roles in recruitment of two major clathrin adaptors, Gga (Golgi-localized, gamma-adaptin ear homology, Arf-binding) proteins and the AP-1 (assembly protein-1) complex. The molecular mechanisms that mediate localization of phosphatidylinositol kinases responsible for synthesis of PtdIns4P at the TGN are not well characterized. We identify two motifs in the yeast phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase, Pik1, which are required for binding to the VHS domain of Gga2. Mutations in these motifs that inhibit Gga2-VHS binding resulted in reduced Pik1 localization and delayed accumulation of PtdIns4P and recruitment of AP-1 to the TGN. The Pik1 homolog in mammals, PI4KIIIβ, interacted preferentially with the VHS domain of GGA2 compared with VHS domains of GGA1 and GGA3. Depletion of GGA2, but not GGA1 or GGA3, specifically affected PI4KIIIβ localization. These results reveal a conserved role for Gga proteins in regulating phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase function at the TGN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Daboussi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095
| | - Giancarlo Costaguta
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095
| | - Razmik Ghukasyan
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095
| | - Gregory S Payne
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095
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Genetic Deletion of the Clathrin Adaptor GGA3 Reduces Anxiety and Alters GABAergic Transmission. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155799. [PMID: 27192432 PMCID: PMC4871427 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Golgi-localized γ-ear-containing ARF binding protein 3 (GGA3) is a monomeric clathrin adaptor that has been shown to regulate the trafficking of the Beta-site APP-cleaving enzyme (BACE1), which is required for production of the Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-associated amyloid βpeptide. Our previous studies have shown that BACE1 is degraded via the lysosomal pathway and that depletion of GGA3 results in increased BACE1 levels and activity owing to impaired lysosomal trafficking and degradation. We further demonstrated the role of GGA3 in the regulation of BACE1 in vivo by showing that BACE1 levels are increased in the brain of GGA3 null mice. We report here that GGA3 deletion results in novelty-induced hyperactivity and decreased anxiety-like behaviors. Given the pivotal role of GABAergic transmission in the regulation of anxiety-like behaviors, we performed electrophysiological recordings in hippocampal slices and found increased phasic and decreased tonic inhibition in the dentate gyrus granule cells (DGGC). Moreover, we found that the number of inhibitory synapses is increased in the dentate gyrus of GGA3 null mice in further support of the electrophysiological data. Thus, the increased GABAergic transmission is a leading candidate mechanism underlying the reduced anxiety-like behaviors observed in GGA3 null mice. All together these findings suggest that GGA3 plays a key role in GABAergic transmission. Since BACE1 levels are elevated in the brain of GGA3 null mice, it is possible that at least some of these phenotypes are a consequence of increased processing of BACE1 substrates.
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16
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusong Guo
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3200;
| | - Daniel W. Sirkis
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3200;
| | - Randy Schekman
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3200;
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17
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Baltes J, Larsen JV, Radhakrishnan K, Geumann C, Kratzke M, Petersen CM, Schu P. σ1B adaptin regulates adipogenesis by mediating the sorting of sortilin in adipose tissue. J Cell Sci 2014; 127:3477-87. [PMID: 24928897 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.146886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we describe altered sorting of sortilin in adipocytes deficient for the σ1B-containing AP-1 complex, leading to the inhibition of adipogenesis. The AP-1 complex mediates protein sorting between the trans-Golgi network and endosomes. Vertebrates express three AP1 σ1 subunit isoforms - σ1A, σ1B and σ1C (also known as AP1S1, AP1S2 and AP1S3, respectively). σ1B-deficient mice display impaired recycling of synaptic vesicles and lipodystrophy. Here, we show that sortilin is overexpressed in adipose tissue from σ1B(-/-) mice, and that its overexpression in wild-type cells is sufficient to suppress adipogenesis. σ1B-specific binding of sortilin requires the sortilin DxxD-x12-DSxxxL motif. σ1B deficiency does not lead to a block of sortilin transport out of a specific organelle, but the fraction that reaches lysosomes is reduced. Sortilin binds to the receptor DLK1, an inhibitor of adipocyte differentiation, and the overexpression of sortilin prevents DLK1 downregulation, leading to enhanced inhibition of adipogenesis. DLK1 and sortilin expression are not increased in the brain tissue of σ1B(-/-) mice, although this is the tissue with the highest expression of σ1B and sortilin. Thus, adipose-tissue-specific and σ1B-dependent routes for the transport of sortilin exist and are involved in the regulation of adipogenesis and adipose-tissue mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Baltes
- Georg-August University Göttingen, Department for Cellular Biochemistry, Humboldtallee 23, D-37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jakob Vejby Larsen
- MIND Center Department of Biomedicine, Ole Worms Allé 3, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Karthikeyan Radhakrishnan
- Georg-August University Göttingen, Department for Cellular Biochemistry, Humboldtallee 23, D-37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Constanze Geumann
- Georg-August University Göttingen, Department for Cellular Biochemistry, Humboldtallee 23, D-37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Manuel Kratzke
- Georg-August University Göttingen, Department for Cellular Biochemistry, Humboldtallee 23, D-37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Claus Munck Petersen
- MIND Center Department of Biomedicine, Ole Worms Allé 3, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Peter Schu
- Georg-August University Göttingen, Department for Cellular Biochemistry, Humboldtallee 23, D-37073 Göttingen, Germany
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18
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Abstract
The functional redundancy of the three mammalian Golgi-localized, γ-ear-containing, ADP-ribosylation factor-binding proteins (GGAs) was addressed in a previous study. Using insertional mutagenesis, we found that Gga1 or Gga3 homozygous knockout mice were for the most part normal, whereas mice homozygous for two different Gga2 gene-trap alleles exhibited either embryonic or neonatal lethality in the C57BL/6 background, depending on the source of the vector utilized (Byg vs. Tigm, respectively). We now show that the Byg strain harbors a disrupted Gga2 allele that is hypomorphic, indicating that the Byg lethality is attributable to a mechanism independent of GGA2. This is in contrast to the Tigm Gga2 allele, which is a true knockout and establishes a role for GGA2 during the neonatal period. Placement of the Tigm Gga2 allele into the C57BL6/Ola129Sv mixed background results in a lower incidence of neonatal lethality, showing the importance of genetic background in determining the requirement for GGA2 during this period. The Gga2(-/-) mice that survive have reduced body weight at birth and this runted phenotype is maintained through adulthood.
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Stahlschmidt W, Robertson MJ, Robinson PJ, McCluskey A, Haucke V. Clathrin terminal domain-ligand interactions regulate sorting of mannose 6-phosphate receptors mediated by AP-1 and GGA adaptors. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:4906-18. [PMID: 24407285 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.535211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Clathrin plays important roles in intracellular membrane traffic including endocytosis of plasma membrane proteins and receptors and protein sorting between the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and endosomes. Whether clathrin serves additional roles in receptor recycling, degradative sorting, or constitutive secretion has remained somewhat controversial. Here we have used acute pharmacological perturbation of clathrin terminal domain (TD) function to dissect the role of clathrin in intracellular membrane traffic. We report that internalization of major histocompatibility complex I (MHCI) is inhibited in cells depleted of clathrin or its major clathrin adaptor complex 2 (AP-2), a phenotype mimicked by application of Pitstop® inhibitors of clathrin TD function. Hence, MHCI endocytosis occurs via a clathrin/AP-2-dependent pathway. Acute perturbation of clathrin also impairs the dynamics of intracellular clathrin/adaptor complex 1 (AP-1)- or GGA (Golgi-localized, γ-ear-containing, Arf-binding protein)-coated structures at the TGN/endosomal interface, resulting in the peripheral dispersion of mannose 6-phosphate receptors. By contrast, secretory traffic of vesicular stomatitis virus G protein, recycling of internalized transferrin from endosomes, or degradation of EGF receptor proceeds unperturbed in cells with impaired clathrin TD function. These data indicate that clathrin is required for the function of AP-1- and GGA-coated carriers at the TGN but may be dispensable for outward traffic en route to the plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiebke Stahlschmidt
- From the Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, 13125 Berlin-Buch, Germany
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20
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Luan S, Ilvarsonn AM, Eissenberg JC. The unique GGA clathrin adaptor of Drosophila melanogaster is not essential. PLoS One 2012; 7:e45163. [PMID: 23028818 PMCID: PMC3447878 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2012] [Accepted: 08/17/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Golgi-localized, γ-ear-containing, ARF binding proteins (GGAs) are a highly conserved family of monomeric clathrin adaptor proteins implicated in clathrin-mediated protein sorting between the trans-Golgi network and endosomes. GGA RNAi knockdowns in Drosophila have resulted in conflicting data concerning whether the Drosophila GGA (dGGA) is essential. The goal of this study was to define the null phenotype for the unique Drosophila GGA. We describe two independently derived dGGA mutations. Neither allele expresses detectable dGGA protein. Homozygous and hemizygous flies with each allele are viable and fertile. In contrast to a previous report using RNAi knockdown, GGA mutant flies show no evidence of age-dependent retinal degeneration or cathepsin missorting. Our results demonstrate that several of the previous RNAi knockdown phenotypes were the result of off-target effects. However, GGA null flies are hypersensitive to dietary chloroquine and to starvation, implicating GGA in lysosomal function and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Luan
- Department of Biology, Macelwane Hall, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Anne M. Ilvarsonn
- Department of Biology, Macelwane Hall, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Joel C. Eissenberg
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis, University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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21
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Hirst J, Borner GHH, Antrobus R, Peden AA, Hodson NA, Sahlender DA, Robinson MS. Distinct and overlapping roles for AP-1 and GGAs revealed by the "knocksideways" system. Curr Biol 2012; 22:1711-6. [PMID: 22902756 PMCID: PMC3485558 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2012.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2012] [Revised: 06/15/2012] [Accepted: 07/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Although adaptor protein complex 1 (AP-1) and Golgi-localized, γ ear-containing, ADP-ribosylation factor-binding proteins (GGAs) are both adaptors for clathrin-mediated intracellular trafficking, the pathways they mediate and their relationship to each other remain open questions. To tease apart the functions of AP-1 and GGAs, we rapidly inactivated each adaptor using the "knocksideways" system and then compared the protein composition of clathrin-coated vesicle (CCV) fractions from control and knocksideways cells. The AP-1 knocksideways resulted in a dramatic and unexpected loss of GGA2 from CCVs. Over 30 other peripheral membrane proteins and over 30 transmembrane proteins were also depleted, including several mutated in genetic disorders, indicating that AP-1 acts as a linchpin for intracellular CCV formation. In contrast, the GGA2 knocksideways affected only lysosomal hydrolases and their receptors. We propose that there are at least two populations of intracellular CCVs: one containing both GGAs and AP-1 for anterograde trafficking and another containing AP-1 for retrograde trafficking. Our study shows that knocksideways and proteomics are a powerful combination for investigating protein function, which can potentially be used on many different types of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Hirst
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK.
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