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Karuntu JS, Nguyen XTA, Talib M, van Schooneveld MJ, Wijnholds J, van Genderen MM, Schalij-Delfos NE, Klaver CCW, Meester-Smoor MA, van den Born LI, Hoyng CB, Thiadens AAHJ, Bergen AA, van Nispen RMA, Boon CJF. Quality of life in patients with CRB1-associated retinal dystrophies: A longitudinal study. Acta Ophthalmol 2024; 102:469-477. [PMID: 37749859 DOI: 10.1111/aos.15769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the longitudinal vision-related quality of life among patients with CRB1-associated inherited retinal dystrophies. METHODS In this longitudinal questionnaire study, the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (39 items, NEI VFQ-39) was applied at baseline, two-year follow-up, and 4-year follow-up in patients with pathogenic CRB1 variants. [Correction added on 20 November 2023, after first online publication: The preceding sentence has been updated in this version.] Classical test theory was performed to obtain subdomain scores and in particular 'near activities' and 'total composite' scores. The Rasch analysis based on previous calibrations of the NEI VFQ-25 was applied to create visual functioning and socio-emotional subscales. RESULTS In total, 22 patients with a CRB1-associated retinal dystrophy were included, […] with a median age of 25.0 years (interquartile range: 13-31 years) at baseline and mean follow-up of 4.0 ± 0.3 years. [Correction added on 20 November 2023, after first online publication: The preceding sentence has been updated in this version.] A significant decline at 4 years was observed for 'near activities' (51.0 ± 23.8 vs 35.4 ± 14.7, p = 0.004) and 'total composite' (63.0 ± 13.1 vs 52.0 ± 12.1, p = 0.001) subdomain scores. For the Rasch-scaled scores, the 'visual functioning' scale significantly decreased after 2 years (-0.89 logits; p = 0.012), but not at 4-year follow-up (+0.01 logits; p = 0.975). [Correction added on 20 November 2023, after first online publication: In the preceding sentence, "…after 4 years…" has been corrected to "…after 2 years…" in this version.] The 'socio-emotional' scale also showed a significant decline after 2 years (-0.78 logits, p = 0.033) and 4 years (-0.83 logits, p = 0.021). CONCLUSION In the absence of an intervention, a decline in vision-related quality of life is present in patients with pathogenic CRB1 variants at 4-year follow-up. Patient-reported outcome measures should be included in future clinical trials, as they can be a potential indicator of disease progression and treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica S Karuntu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Xuan-Thanh-An Nguyen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mays Talib
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mary J van Schooneveld
- Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam UMC, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Wijnholds
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- The Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN-KNAW), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maria M van Genderen
- Bartiméus, Diagnostic Centre for complex visual disorders, Zeist, The Netherlands
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Caroline C W Klaver
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Institute for Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Carel B Hoyng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Arthur A Bergen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam UMC, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ruth M A van Nispen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Camiel J F Boon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam UMC, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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2
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Katta M, de Guimaraes TAC, Fujinami-Yokokawa Y, Fujinami K, Georgiou M, Mahroo OA, Webster AR, Michaelides M. Congenital Stationary Night Blindness Structure, Function and Genotype-Phenotype Correlations in a Cohort of 122 Patients. Ophthalmol Retina 2024:S2468-6530(24)00121-0. [PMID: 38522615 DOI: 10.1016/j.oret.2024.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the molecular causes of Schubert-Bornschein (S-B) congenital stationary night blindness (CSNB), clinically characterize in detail, and assess genotype-phenotype correlations for retinal function and structure. DESIGN Retrospective, longitudinal, single-center case series. PARTICIPANTS One hundred twenty-two patients with S-B CSNB attending Moorfields Eye Hospital, United Kingdom. METHODS All case notes, results of molecular genetic testing, and OCT were reviewed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Molecular genetics, presenting complaints, rates of nystagmus, nyctalopia, photophobia, strabismus, color vision defects and spherical equivalent refraction (SER). Retinal thickness, outer nuclear layer (ONL) thickness, and ganglion cell layer + inner plexiform layer (GCL+IPL) thickness from OCT imaging. RESULTS X-linked (CACNA1F and NYX) and autosomal recessive (TRPM1, GRM6, GPR179 and CABP4) genotypes were identified. The mean (± standard deviation) reported age of onset was 4.94 ± 8.99 years. Over the follow-up period, 95.9% of patients reported reduced visual acuity (VA), half had nystagmus, and 64.7% reported nyctalopia. Incomplete CSNB (iCSNB) patients more frequently had nystagmus and photophobia. Nyctalopia was similar for iCSNB and complete CSNB (cCSNB). Color vision data were limited but more defects were found in iCSNB. None of these clinical differences met statistical significance. There was no significant difference between groups in VA, with a mean of 0.46 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution, and VA remained stable over the course of follow-up. Complete congenital stationary night blindness patients, specifically those with NYX and TRPM1 variants, were more myopic. CACNA1F patients showed the largest refractive variability, and the CABP4 patient was hyperopic. No significant differences were found in OCT structural analysis during the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS Retinal structure in CSNB is stationary and no specific genotype-structure correlates were identified. Visual acuity seems to be relatively stable, with rare instances of progression. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S) Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Katta
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Genetics Department, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thales A C de Guimaraes
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Genetics Department, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yu Fujinami-Yokokawa
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Laboratory of Visual Physiology, Division of Vision Research, National Institute of Sensory Organs, NHO Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Health Policy and Management, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaoru Fujinami
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Genetics Department, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom; Laboratory of Visual Physiology, Division of Vision Research, National Institute of Sensory Organs, NHO Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michalis Georgiou
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Genetics Department, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom; Jones Eye Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Omar A Mahroo
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Genetics Department, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew R Webster
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Genetics Department, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michel Michaelides
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Genetics Department, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
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Maddox JW, Ordemann GJ, Vázquez JDLR, Huang A, Gault C, Wisner SR, Randall K, Futagi D, DeVries SH, Hoon M, Lee A. A non-conducting role of the Ca v1.4 Ca 2+ channel drives homeostatic plasticity at the cone photoreceptor synapse. bioRxiv 2023:2023.12.05.570129. [PMID: 38106079 PMCID: PMC10723350 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.05.570129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
In congenital stationary night blindness type 2 (CSNB2)-a disorder involving dysfunction of the Cav1.4 Ca2+ channel-visual impairment is relatively mild considering that Cav1.4 mediates synaptic transmission by rod and cone photoreceptors. Here, we addressed this conundrum using a Cav1.4 knockout (KO) mouse and a knock-in (KI) mouse expressing a non-conducting Cav1.4 mutant. Surprisingly, aberrant Cav3 currents were detected in cones of the KI and KO but not wild-type mice. Cone synapses, which fail to develop in KO mice, are present but enlarged in KI mice. Moreover, light responses in cone pathways and photopic visual behavior are preserved in KI but not in KO mice. In CSNB2, we propose that Cav3 channels maintain cone synaptic output provided that the Ca2+-independent role of Cav1.4 in cone synaptogenesis remains intact. Our findings reveal an unexpected form of homeostatic plasticity that relies on a non-canonical role of an ion channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Wesley Maddox
- Dept of Neuroscience, University of Texas-Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Gregory J. Ordemann
- Dept of Neuroscience, University of Texas-Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | | | - Angie Huang
- Dept of Neuroscience, University of Texas-Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Christof Gault
- Dept of Neuroscience, University of Texas-Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Serena R. Wisner
- Dept. of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin- Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison WI 53706 USA
| | - Kate Randall
- Dept of Neuroscience, University of Texas-Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Daiki Futagi
- Dept. of Ophthalmology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Steven H. DeVries
- Dept. of Ophthalmology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Mrinalini Hoon
- Dept. of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin- Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- McPherson Eye Research Institute, Madison WI 53706 USA
| | - Amy Lee
- Dept of Neuroscience, University of Texas-Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
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Wilmet B, Callebert J, Duvoisin R, Goulet R, Tourain C, Michiels C, Frederiksen H, Schaeffel F, Marre O, Sahel JA, Audo I, Picaud S, Zeitz C. Mice Lacking Gpr179 with Complete Congenital Stationary Night Blindness Are a Good Model for Myopia. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010219. [PMID: 36613663 PMCID: PMC9820543 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in GPR179 are one of the most common causes of autosomal recessive complete congenital stationary night blindness (cCSNB). This retinal disease is characterized in patients by impaired dim and night vision, associated with other ocular symptoms, including high myopia. cCSNB is caused by a complete loss of signal transmission from photoreceptors to ON-bipolar cells. In this study, we hypothesized that the lack of Gpr179 and the subsequent impaired ON-pathway could lead to myopic features in a mouse model of cCSNB. Using ultra performance liquid chromatography, we show that adult Gpr179-/- mice have a significant decrease in both retinal dopamine and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, compared to Gpr179+/+ mice. This alteration of the dopaminergic system is thought to be correlated with an increased susceptibility to lens-induced myopia but does not affect the natural refractive development. Altogether, our data added a novel myopia model, which could be used to identify therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baptiste Wilmet
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 75012 Paris, France
- Correspondence: (B.W.); (C.Z.); Tel.: +33-1-53-46-25-26 (B.W.); +33-1-53-46-25-40 (C.Z.)
| | - Jacques Callebert
- Service of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, INSERM U942, Hospital Lariboisière, AP-HP, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Robert Duvoisin
- Department of Chemical Physiology & Biochemistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Ruben Goulet
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Christophe Tourain
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 75012 Paris, France
- Wavefront-Engineering Microscopy Group, Neurophotonics Laboratory, CNRS UMR8250, Paris Descartes University, 75270 Paris, France
| | - Christelle Michiels
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Helen Frederiksen
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Frank Schaeffel
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel (IOB), 4056 Basel, Switzerland
- Section of Neurobiology of the Eye, Ophthalmic Research Institute, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
- Zeiss Vision Lab, Ophthalmic Research Institute, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Olivier Marre
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 75012 Paris, France
| | - José Alain Sahel
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 75012 Paris, France
- Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Centre Hospitalier National d’Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, INSERM-DGOS CIC 1423, 75012 Paris, France
- Fondation Ophtalmologique Adolphe de Rothschild, 75019 Paris, France
- Académie des Sciences, Institut de France, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Audo
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 75012 Paris, France
- Centre Hospitalier National d’Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, INSERM-DGOS CIC 1423, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Serge Picaud
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Christina Zeitz
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 75012 Paris, France
- Correspondence: (B.W.); (C.Z.); Tel.: +33-1-53-46-25-26 (B.W.); +33-1-53-46-25-40 (C.Z.)
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5
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Kim AH, Liu PK, Chang YH, Kang EY, Wang HH, Chen N, Tseng YJ, Seo GH, Lee H, Liu L, Chao AN, Chen KJ, Hwang YS, Wu WC, Lai CC, Tsang SH, Hsiao MC, Wang NK. Congenital Stationary Night Blindness: Clinical and Genetic Features. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23. [PMID: 36499293 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital stationary night blindness (CSNB) is an inherited retinal disease (IRD) that causes night blindness in childhood with heterogeneous genetic, electrophysical, and clinical characteristics. The development of sequencing technologies and gene therapy have increased the ease and urgency of diagnosing IRDs. This study describes seven Taiwanese patients from six unrelated families examined at a tertiary referral center, diagnosed with CSNB, and confirmed by genetic testing. Complete ophthalmic exams included best corrected visual acuity, retinal imaging, and an electroretinogram. The effects of identified novel variants were predicted using clinical details, protein prediction tools, and conservation scores. One patient had an autosomal dominant CSNB with a RHO variant; five patients had complete CSNB with variants in GRM6, TRPM1, and NYX; and one patient had incomplete CSNB with variants in CACNA1F. The patients had Riggs and Schubert-Bornschein types of CSNB with autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, and X-linked inheritance patterns. This is the first report of CSNB patients in Taiwan with confirmed genetic testing, providing novel perspectives on molecular etiology and genotype-phenotype correlation of CSNB. Particularly, variants in TRPM1, NYX, and CACNA1F in our patient cohort have not previously been described, although their clinical significance needs further study. Additional study is needed for the genotype-phenotype correlation of different mutations causing CSNB. In addition to genetic etiology, the future of gene therapy for CSNB patients is reviewed and discussed.
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Bentley SA, Black AA, Hindmarsh GP, Owsley C, Wood JM. Concept Mapping to Identify Content for a Performance-Based Measure of Low Luminance Vision-Related Activities of Daily Living. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2022; 11:27. [PMID: 36166222 PMCID: PMC9526368 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.11.9.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to identify low luminance activities of daily living (ADL) relevant to adults with vision impairment using a concept-mapping approach. Methods “Group concept mapping” was utilized to identify specific ADLs that persons with vision impairment find challenging under low light conditions. In the first “brainstorming” phase, 24 adults with vision impairment from a range of eye conditions (mean age = 73 years, SD = 14 years) and 26 international low vision experts (mean experience = 22, SD = 11 years) generated statements to the focus prompt, “Thinking as broadly as possible, generate a list of statements detailing specific day-to-day activities a person with vision impairment might find challenging under low light conditions, such as in a poorly lit room or outside at dusk.” In the second phase, participants sorted activities by similarity and rated the importance of each activity. Multidimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analysis were applied to produce concept maps showing clusters of prioritized activities. Results One hundred thirteen unique ideas/activities were generated, rated and sorted. Eight clusters were identified (from highest to lowest importance): hazard detection and safety outside; social interactions; navigation; near reading; selfcare and safety at home; distance spotting; searching around the home; and cooking and cleaning. Conclusions The conceptual framework and low luminance ADLs identified (the most important being hazard detection and safety outside, and social interactions) provide a basis for developing a performance-based measure of low luminance visual function. Translational Relevance A performance-based measure of low luminance vision-related ADLs is required for comprehensively and objectively assessing efficacy of eye treatments and low vision rehabilitation outcomes in adults with vision impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon A Bentley
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, Centre of Vision and Eye Research, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Alex A Black
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, Centre of Vision and Eye Research, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Gregory P Hindmarsh
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, Centre of Vision and Eye Research, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Cynthia Owsley
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Joanne M Wood
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, Centre of Vision and Eye Research, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
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7
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Aung MH, Hogan K, Mazade RE, Park HN, Sidhu CS, Iuvone PM, Pardue MT. ON than OFF pathway disruption leads to greater deficits in visual function and retinal dopamine signaling. Exp Eye Res 2022; 220:109091. [PMID: 35487263 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2022.109091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The visual system uses ON and OFF pathways to signal luminance increments and decrements. Increasing evidence suggests that ON and OFF pathways have different signaling properties and serve specialized visual functions. However, it is still unclear the contribution of ON and OFF pathways to visual behavior. Therefore, we examined the effects on optomotor response and the retinal dopamine system in nob mice with ON pathway dysfunction and Vsx1-/- mice with partial OFF pathway dysfunction. Spatial frequency and contrast sensitivity thresholds were determined, and values were compared to age-matched wild-type controls. Retinas were collected immediately after visual testing to measure levels of dopamine and its metabolite, DOPAC. At 4 weeks of age, we found that nob mice had significantly reduced spatial frequency (19%) and contrast sensitivity (60%) thresholds compared to wild-type mice. Vsx1-/- mice also exhibited reductions in optomotor responses (3% in spatial frequency; 18% in contrast sensitivity) at 4 weeks, although these changes were significantly smaller than those found in nob mice. Furthermore, nob mice had significantly lower DOPAC levels (53%) and dopamine turnover (41%) compared to controls while Vsx1-/- mice displayed a transient increase in DOPAC levels at 4 weeks of age (55%). Our results show that dysfunction of ON pathways leads to reductions in contrast sensitivity, spatial frequency threshold, and retinal dopamine and DOPAC levels whereas partial loss of the OFF pathway has minimal effect. We conclude that ON pathways play a critical role in visual reflexes and retinal dopamine signaling, highlighting a potential association for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moe H Aung
- Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Atlanta VA Health Care System, 1670 Clairmont Rd, Decatur, GA, 30033, USA; Neuroscience Program, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Kelleigh Hogan
- Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Atlanta VA Health Care System, 1670 Clairmont Rd, Decatur, GA, 30033, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 313 Ferst Dr, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Reece E Mazade
- Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Atlanta VA Health Care System, 1670 Clairmont Rd, Decatur, GA, 30033, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 313 Ferst Dr, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Han Na Park
- Neuroscience Program, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA, 0322, USA
| | - Curran S Sidhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA, 0322, USA
| | - P Michael Iuvone
- Neuroscience Program, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA, 0322, USA
| | - Machelle T Pardue
- Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Atlanta VA Health Care System, 1670 Clairmont Rd, Decatur, GA, 30033, USA; Neuroscience Program, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 313 Ferst Dr, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA, 0322, USA.
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Simunovic MP, Grigg J, Mahroo O. Vision at the limits: absolute threshold, visual function, and outcomes in clinical trials. Surv Ophthalmol 2022; 67:1270-1286. [DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2022.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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9
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Scanga HL, Liasis A, Pihlblad MS, Nischal KK. NYX-related Congenital Stationary Night Blindness in Two Siblings due to Probable Maternal Germline Mosaicism. Ophthalmic Genet 2021; 42:588-592. [PMID: 34165036 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2021.1941129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: Congenital Stationary Night Blindness (CSNB) is a clinically and genetically heterogenous inherited retinal disorder associated with nystagmus, myopia, strabismus, defective dark adaptation, and decreased vision. Pathogenic variants in at least 17 genes have been associated with CSNB, where a hemizygous variant of NYX causing an X-linked form of the disorder is among the commonest causes.Materials and Methods: A retrospective chart review of a single pedigree was performed. Three pediatric patients underwent ophthalmic examinations, visual electrophysiology, and ocular imaging. Molecular genetic testing for CSNB was pursued where clinically indicated.Results: Two male siblings demonstrated clinical and electroretinographic evidence of complete CSNB. Genetic testing identified a NYX pathogenic, in-frame deletion in both children. Targeted variant analysis of the mother failed to identify the variant in two independent samples, most consistent with mosaicism.Conclusions: Clinical and molecular analyses within the described family demonstrate the possibility of maternal mosaicism in NYX-related CSNB. The importance of cascade molecular testing is highlighted. The prospect of somatic or germline mosaicism in NYX-related CSNB informs genetic counseling, genetic testing decisions, and risk assessment in affected families.
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Affiliation(s)
- H L Scanga
- Division of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Strabismus, and Adult Motility, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - A Liasis
- Division of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Strabismus, and Adult Motility, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,UPMC Eye Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsbrugh, USA
| | - M S Pihlblad
- Division of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Strabismus, and Adult Motility, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,UPMC Eye Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsbrugh, USA
| | - K K Nischal
- Division of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Strabismus, and Adult Motility, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,UPMC Eye Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsbrugh, USA
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Barboni MTS, Dias SL, Silva LA, Damico FM, Vidal KS, Costa MF, Nagy BV, Kremers J, Ventura DF. Correlations Between Dark-Adapted Rod Threshold Elevations and ERG Response Deficits in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021; 62:29. [PMID: 33891680 PMCID: PMC8083068 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.62.4.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to characterize changes in the full-field flash electroretinogram (ERG) in association with psychophysical dark-adapted visual thresholds in patients with genetically characterized Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) either lacking Dp427 (Up 30) or at least Dp260 in addition to Dp427 (Down 30). Methods Twenty-one patients with DMD and 27 age-similar controls participated in this study. Dark-adapted (0.01, 3.0, and 10 cd.s/m² flashes) and light-adapted (3.0 cd.s/m² flash) ERGs were recorded following International Society for Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision (ISCEV) standard protocols. Visual detection thresholds to 625-nm (cone function) and 527-nm (rod function) light-emitting diode (LED) flashes (2 degree diameter) were measured during a dark adaptation period after a 1-minute exposure to a bleaching light (3000 cd/m²). Initially, 8 minutes of interleaved 625-nm and 527-nm thresholds were measured. After an additional 5 minutes of dark-adaptation, a second set of threshold measurements to 527-nm stimuli was performed during the subsequent 6 minutes. Results Dark-adapted b-wave amplitude was significantly reduced to all strengths of flash and a-wave in response to the strong flash stimulus was delayed (15.6 vs. 14.7 ms, P < 0.05) in patients with Down 30 compared with controls. Dark-adapted cone thresholds did not differ among the groups (−2.0, −1.8, and −1.7 log cd/m² for Down 30, Up 30, and controls, respectively, P = 0.21). In contrast, dark-adapted rod thresholds were elevated (F(2,36) = 8.537, P = 0.001) in patients with Down 30 (mean = −3.2 ± 1.1 log cd/m²) relative to controls (mean = −4.2 ± 0.3 log cd/m²). Dark-adapted b-wave amplitudes were correlated with dark-adapted rod sensitivity in patients with DMD (Spearman Rho = 0.943, P = 0.005). The changes were much smaller or absent in patients with intact Dp260. Conclusions Dp260 is particularly required for normal rod-system function in dark adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirella Telles Salgueiro Barboni
- Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Experimental Psychology, Institute of Psychology, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sarah Leonardo Dias
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Institute of Psychology, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Francisco Max Damico
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Institute of Psychology, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kallene Summer Vidal
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Institute of Psychology, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Fernandes Costa
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Institute of Psychology, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Balázs Vince Nagy
- Department of Mechatronics, Optics and Mechanical Engineering Informatics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Jan Kremers
- Section for Retinal Physiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dora Fix Ventura
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Institute of Psychology, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
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11
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Zanetti L, Kilicarslan I, Netzer M, Babai N, Seitter H, Koschak A. Function of cone and cone-related pathways in Ca V1.4 IT mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2732. [PMID: 33526839 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82210-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
CaV1.4 L-type calcium channels are predominantly expressed in photoreceptor terminals playing a crucial role for synaptic transmission and, consequently, for vision. Human mutations in the encoding gene are associated with congenital stationary night blindness type-2. Besides rod-driven scotopic vision also cone-driven photopic responses are severely affected in patients. The present study therefore examined functional and morphological changes in cones and cone-related pathways in mice carrying the CaV1.4 gain-of function mutation I756T (CaV1.4-IT) using multielectrode array, patch-clamp and immunohistochemical analyses. CaV1.4-IT ganglion cell responses to photopic stimuli were seen only in a small fraction of cells indicative of a major impairment in the cone pathway. Though cone photoreceptors underwent morphological rearrangements, they retained their ability to release glutamate. Our functional data suggested a postsynaptic cone bipolar cell defect, supported by the fact that the majority of cone bipolar cells showed sprouting, while horizontal cells maintained contacts with cones and cone-to-horizontal cell input was preserved. Furthermore a reduction of basal Ca2+ influx by a calcium channel blocker was not sufficient to rescue synaptic transmission deficits caused by the CaV1.4-IT mutation. Long term treatments with low-dose Ca2+ channel blockers might however be beneficial reducing Ca2+ toxicity without major effects on ganglion cells responses.
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12
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Galindo-Bocero J, Macías-Franco S, García-González N, Valles-Antuña C, Hernando Acero I, Rozas-Reyes P. Diagnosis of an X-linked type 2 congenital stationary night blindness using electroretinography and CACNA1F sequencing. Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol (Engl Ed) 2020; 95:607-610. [PMID: 32680768 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftal.2020.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A 4-year-old boy, with no history of relevance, presented with bilateral visual impairment, more so in scotopic conditions, and did not improve with optical correction. No significant funduscopic abnormalities were seen, leading to a suspicion of retinal dystrophy. Sequencing of the CACNA1F gene detected the c.3081C>A (p.Tyr1027Ter) mutation, which had occurred de novo in the patient's mother. This mutation, in the aforementioned clinical context, and with a compatible electronegative pattern, establishes the diagnosis of X-linked type 2 congenital stationary night blindness. Electrophysiology and genetic testing should be part of the diagnostic protocol for any unexplained loss of vision in children. The description, nomenclature and classification of hereditary retinal dystrophies based on their genotypic and electroretinograpic characteristics, avoids diagnostic errors due to their usual clinical and phenotypic overlap.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Galindo-Bocero
- Servicio de Oftalmología, Fundación Hospital de Jove, Gijón, Asturias, España.
| | - S Macías-Franco
- Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias, España
| | - N García-González
- Unidad de Genética, Área de Gestión Clínica de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias, España
| | - C Valles-Antuña
- Servicio de Neurofisiología Clínica, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias, España
| | - I Hernando Acero
- Unidad de Genética, Área de Gestión Clínica de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias, España
| | - P Rozas-Reyes
- Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias, España
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13
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Waldner DM, Ito K, Chen LL, Nguyen L, Chow RL, Lee A, Rancourt DE, Tremblay F, Stell WK, Bech-Hansen NT. Transgenic Expression of Cacna1f Rescues Vision and Retinal Morphology in a Mouse Model of Congenital Stationary Night Blindness 2A (CSNB2A). Transl Vis Sci Technol 2020; 9:19. [PMID: 33117610 PMCID: PMC7571326 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.9.11.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Congenital stationary night blindness 2A (CSNB2A) is a genetic retinal disorder characterized by poor visual acuity, nystagmus, strabismus, and other signs of retinal dysfunction resulting from mutations in Cacna1f -the gene coding for the pore-forming subunit of the calcium channel CaV1.4. Mouse models of CSNB2A have shown that mutations causing the disease deleteriously affect photoreceptors and their synapses with second-order neurons. This study was undertaken to evaluate whether transgenic expression of Cacna1f could rescue morphology and visual function in a Cacna1f-KO model of CSNB2A. Methods Strategic creation, breeding and use of transgenic mouse lines allowed for Cre-driven retina-specific expression of Cacna1f in a CSNB2A model. Transgene expression and retinal morphology were investigated with immunohistochemistry in retinal wholemounts or cross-sections. Visual function was assessed by optokinetic response (OKR) analysis and electroretinography (ERG). Results Mosaic, prenatal expression of Cacna1f in the otherwise Cacna1f-KO retina was sufficient to rescue some visual function. Immunohistochemical analyses demonstrated wild-type-like photoreceptor and synaptic morphology in sections with transgenic expression of Cacna1f. Conclusions This report describes a novel system for Cre-inducible expression of Cacna1f in a Cacna1f-KO mouse model of CSNB2A and provides preclinical evidence for the potential use of gene therapy in the treatment of CSNB2A. Translational Relevance These data have relevance in the treatment of CSNB2A and in understanding how photoreceptor integration might be achieved in retinas in which photoreceptors have been lost, such as retinitis pigmentosa, age-related macular degeneration, and other degenerative conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek M Waldner
- Graduate Department of Neuroscience, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kenichi Ito
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Li-Li Chen
- Department of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Lisa Nguyen
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Robert L Chow
- Department of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Amy Lee
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Otolaryngology Head-Neck Surgery and Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Derrick E Rancourt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Francois Tremblay
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, and Clinical Vision Sciences Program, Faculty of Health Dalhousie University, NS, Canada
| | - William K Stell
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy and Department of Surgery, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - N Torben Bech-Hansen
- Department of Medical Genetics, and Department of Surgery, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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14
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Jiang YK, Wang RY, Wang X, Zhao HZ, Zhou LH, Huang LP, Yip CW, Cheng JH, Que CX, Jiang C, Zhu LP. Genetic polymorphisms of transient receptor potential melastatin 1 correlate with voriconazole-related visual adverse events. Mycoses 2020; 63:579-587. [PMID: 32222082 DOI: 10.1111/myc.13080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Causes of voriconazole-related visual adverse events (VVAE) remained controversial. OBJECTIVES We aimed to explore the relationship between voriconazole serum concentrations and VVAE as well as the potential influence of transient receptor potential melastatin 1 (TRPM1) on VVAE. PATIENTS/METHODS This prospective observational cohort study was done in two stages. Patients who received voriconazole for invasive fungal diseases were consecutively enrolled. Correlations between voriconazole trough levels and VVAE were explored in 76 patients. Genotyping was further conducted for 17 tag SNPs of TRPM1 in a larger population of 137 patients. Genotype distributions were compared between patients with and without VVAE. RESULT Of the 76 patients, a total of 229 steady-state voriconazole trough levels were evaluated, 69.9% of which were within the target range (1-5.5 mg/L). No correlations were found between voriconazole trough levels and VVAE. Of the total 137 patients, VVAE occurred in 37 (27.0%) patients, including visual hallucination (13.9%, 19/137) and visual disturbances (19.0%, 26/137). Significant difference in TRPM1 genotype distribution was only observed in patients with visual hallucination but not with visual disturbances. We found that rs890160 G/T genotype was under-presented (OR, 0.11; 95% CI, 0.01-0.84; P = .011) and rs1378847 C/C genotype was more frequently detected (OR, 8.89; 95% CI, 1.14-69.02; P = .013) in patients with visual hallucination when compared with those without. CONCLUSION Transient receptor potential melastatin 1 was genetically associated with voriconazole-related visual hallucination. The correlation was failed to found between voriconazole trough levels and VVAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Kui Jiang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui-Ying Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua-Zhen Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling-Hong Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Ping Huang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ching-Wan Yip
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Hui Cheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chun-Xing Que
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Ping Zhu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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15
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Abstract
Patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures have the potential to uniquely capture patient experience and serve as an outcome measure in inherited retinal degeneration (IRD) gene therapy trials. An IRD-specific patient-reported outcome measure may yield valuable information that has not been obtained from inherited retinal dystrophy gene therapy trials published to-date. Existing PRO measures have inherent limitations for use in IRD gene therapy trials. Developing an applicable patient-reported outcome measure for such trials needs to incorporate patient input from the target population, demonstrate sound psychometric properties, and be made in accordance with U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guidelines. This review will discuss the currently available PRO instruments, their limitations for IRD therapeutic trials, and suggestions for future PRO development in IRD populations. The PRO instruments highlighted were identified in PubMed search of English-language journals and previously published review articles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle D Lacy
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Maria Fernanda Abalem
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - David C Musch
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Kanishka T Jayasundera
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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16
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Prem Senthil M, Fenwick EK, Lamoureux E, Khadka J, Pesudovs K. Identification and Evaluation of Items for Vitreoretinal Diseases Quality of Life Item Banks. Ophthalmic Epidemiol 2019; 26:448-458. [PMID: 31615298 DOI: 10.1080/09286586.2019.1678655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: We are developing item banks assessing the impact of retinal and vitreoretinal diseases (excluding age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and retinal detachment, covered elsewhere) on quality of life (QoL) for adults. This study outlines the first two phases of the multi-stage process: content development and item evaluation.Methods: We grouped retinal and vitreoretinal diseases into hereditary and acquired. Development of the item banks involved two phases: item identification and item evaluation. The items were extracted from three sources: (1) 17 pre-existing PRO instruments, (2) 4 qualitative studies and (3) 79 semi-structured interviews. Item evaluation involved three stages namely, binning (grouping) and winnowing (reduction), expert panel opinion and cognitive interviews.Results: The item identification phase yielded 1,217 items. After three sessions of binning and winnowing, items were reduced to a minimally representative set (n = 411) across nine QoL domains namely, activity limitation, emotional, social, health concerns, symptoms, economic, mobility, convenience, and coping. The hereditary group had a total of 345 items and the acquired group had a total of 257 items. After 23 cognitive interviews items were amended for hereditary diseases resulting in a final set of 345 items and 3 items were amended for acquired diseases, resulting in a final set of 254 items. Overall across nine domains 189 items were common to hereditary and acquired retinal and vitreoretinal diseases.Conclusion: As most of the items were unique to hereditary versus acquired retinal and vitreoretinal disease groups separate item banks are required to capture the QoL impacts for hereditary and acquired retinal and vitreoretinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallika Prem Senthil
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Eva K Fenwick
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ecosse Lamoureux
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jyoti Khadka
- Registry of Older South Australians, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia.,University of South Australia Business School, Adelaide, Australia.,University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Konrad Pesudovs
- University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
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17
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Oh A, Loew ER, Foster ML, Davidson MG, English RV, Gervais KJ, Herring IP, Mowat FM. Phenotypic characterization of complete CSNB in the inbred research beagle: how common is CSNB in research and companion dogs? Doc Ophthalmol 2018; 137:87-101. [PMID: 30051304 DOI: 10.1007/s10633-018-9653-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although congenital stationary night blindness (CSNB) has been described in a Japanese beagle dog research colony, certain clinical correlates with human CSNB have not yet been described, nor has an estimate of frequency of the condition been made in inbred and outbred beagle populations. METHODS A beagle with CSNB obtained from a commercial research dog supplier in the USA and matched control dogs (n = 3) underwent examination, refraction, ocular imaging, assessment of visual navigation ability and detailed electroretinography (ERG). Retrospective review of ERGs in two independent groups of inbred (n = 15 and 537, respectively) and one group of outbred dogs (n = 36) was used to estimate CSNB frequency in these populations. RESULTS In the affected dog, there were absent dark-adapted b-waves in response to dim-light flashes, severely reduced dark-adapted b-waves in response to bright-light flashes, and normal light-adapted b-waves with a-waves that had broadened troughs. Long-flash ERGs confirmed a markedly reduced b-wave with a preserved d-wave, consistent with cone ON-bipolar cell dysfunction. There was evidence of normal rod photoreceptor a-wave dark adaptation, and rapid light adaptation. In the wider beagle populations, five inbred beagles had a b/a wave ratio of < 1 in dark-adapted bright-flash ERG, whereas no outbred beagles had ERGs consistent with CSNB. CONCLUSIONS The identified dog had clinical findings consistent with complete type CSNB, similar to that described in the Japanese colony. CSNB appears to be a rare disorder in the wider beagle population, although its detection could confound studies that use retinal function as an outcome measure in research dogs, necessitating careful baseline studies to be performed prior to experimentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie Oh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA
| | - Ellis R Loew
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Melanie L Foster
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA
| | - Michael G Davidson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA
| | | | - Kristen J Gervais
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Ian P Herring
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Freya M Mowat
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA.
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18
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Waldner DM, Bech-Hansen NT, Stell WK. Channeling Vision: Ca V1.4-A Critical Link in Retinal Signal Transmission. Biomed Res Int 2018; 2018:7272630. [PMID: 29854783 PMCID: PMC5966690 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7272630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCC) are key to many biological functions. Entry of Ca2+ into cells is essential for initiating or modulating important processes such as secretion, cell motility, and gene transcription. In the retina and other neural tissues, one of the major roles of Ca2+-entry is to stimulate or regulate exocytosis of synaptic vesicles, without which synaptic transmission is impaired. This review will address the special properties of one L-type VGCC, CaV1.4, with particular emphasis on its role in transmission of visual signals from rod and cone photoreceptors (hereafter called "photoreceptors," to the exclusion of intrinsically photoreceptive retinal ganglion cells) to the second-order retinal neurons, and the pathological effects of mutations in the CACNA1F gene which codes for the pore-forming α1F subunit of CaV1.4.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. M. Waldner
- Department of Neuroscience, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - N. T. Bech-Hansen
- Department of Medical Genetics and Department of Surgery, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - W. K. Stell
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy and Department of Surgery, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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19
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Abstract
IMPORTANCE Congenital stationary night blindness (CSNB) implies a stable condition, with the major symptom being nyctalopia present at birth. Pediatric clinical presentation and the course of different genetic subtypes of CSNB have not, to our knowledge, been well described in the era of molecular genetic diagnosis. OBJECTIVE To describe the presentation and longitudinal clinical characteristics of pediatric patients with molecularly confirmed TRPM1-associated complete CSNB (cCSNB). DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS This study was conducted at the University of Iowa from January 1, 1990, to July 1, 2015, and was a retrospective, longitudinal case series of 7 children (5 [71.4%] female) with TRPM1-associated cCSNB followed up for a mean (SD) of 11.1 (2.8) years. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES History, ophthalmologic examination findings, full-field electroretinogram (ffERG) results, full-field stimulus threshold testing results, Goldmann visual field results, optical coherence tomography results, and molecular genetic results were evaluated. Presenting symptoms and signs, the correlation of refractive error with electroretinography, and clinical evolution were analyzed. RESULTS Seven patients (5 [71.4%] female) presented early in childhood with strabismus (n = 6 [86%]), myopia (n = 5 [71%]), and/or nystagmus (n = 3 [43%]). The mean (SD) age at presentation was 8 (4) months and for receiving a diagnosis by ffERG was 7.3 years, with molecular diagnosis at 9.7 years. The mean (SD) length of follow-up was 11 (2.8) years. The best-corrected visual acuity at the most recent visit averaged 20/30 in the better-seeing eye (range, 20/20-20/60). The mean (SD) initial refraction was -2.80 (4.42) diopters (D) and the mean refraction at the most recent visit was -8.75 (3.53) D (range, -4.00 to -13.75 D), with the greatest rate of myopic shift before age 5 years. Full-field electroretinogram results were electronegative, consistent with cCSNB, without a significant change in amplitude over time. No patient or parent noted night blindness at presentation; however, subjective nyctalopia was eventually reported in 5 of 7 patients (71%). The full-field stimulus threshold testing results were moderately subnormal (-29.7 [3.8] dB; normal -59.8 [4.0] dB). Goldmann visual field results were significant for full I-4e, but constricted I-2e isopter. Eight different mutations or rare variants in TRPM1 predicted to be pathogenic were detected, with 3 novel variants. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Children with TRPM1-associated cCSNB presented before school age with progressive myopia as well as strabismus and nystagmus (but not nyctalopia), with stable, electronegative ffERG results, mildly subnormal full-field stimulus threshold testing results, and a constricted I2e isopter on perimetry. These findings suggest that ffERG and cCSNB genetic testing should be considered for children who present with early-onset myopia, especially in the presence of strabismus and/or nystagmus, and that TRPM1-associated cCSNB is a channelopathy that may present without complaints of night blindness in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Miraldi Utz
- Abrahamson Pediatric Eye Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Wanda Pfeifer
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City
- University of Iowa Institute for Vision Research, Iowa City
| | - Susannah Q. Longmuir
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City
- Private practice, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Richard John Olson
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - Kai Wang
- University of Iowa Institute for Vision Research, Iowa City
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - Arlene V. Drack
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City
- University of Iowa Institute for Vision Research, Iowa City
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20
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Prem Senthil M, Khadka J, Pesudovs K. Assessment of patient-reported outcomes in retinal diseases: a systematic review. Surv Ophthalmol 2017; 62:546-582. [DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2016.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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21
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Zeitz C, Robson AG, Audo I. Congenital stationary night blindness: An analysis and update of genotype–phenotype correlations and pathogenic mechanisms. Prog Retin Eye Res 2015; 45:58-110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2014.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Revised: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Xiong WH, Brown RL, Reed B, Burke NS, Duvoisin RM, Morgans CW. Voriconazole, an antifungal triazol that causes visual side effects, is an inhibitor of TRPM1 and TRPM3 channels. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2015; 56:1367-73. [PMID: 25650413 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.14-15270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Administration of voriconazole, an antifungal triazole, causes transient visual disturbances in patients and attenuates the b-wave of the ERG. We sought to identify the retinal target of voriconazole underlying the effect on the ERG b-wave. METHODS Electroretinograms were recorded from mice before and after intraperitoneal injection of voriconazole. The effect of voriconazole on ON-bipolar cells was tested by patch-clamp recordings of ON-bipolar cells in mouse retinal slices. Effects of voriconazole on mGluR6 and TRPM3 were assessed by patch-clamp recordings of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) and HEK293 cells transfected with either TRPM3 or mGluR6 plus Kir3.1/Kir3.4. RESULTS Voriconazole attenuated the ERG b-wave in mice, and inhibited ON-bipolar cell responses evoked by application of CPPG, an mGluR6 antagonist, onto the ON-bipolar cell dendrites, indicating that voriconazole blocks a step in the mGluR6-TRPM1 signal transduction pathway. Voriconazole almost completely blocked capsaicin-activated currents in ON-bipolar cells, which have been attributed to direct activation of the TRPM1 cation channel. Furthermore, application of voriconazole to CHO cells expressing TRPM3, a closely related channel to TRPM1, showed that voriconazole reversibly blocked pregnenolone sulfate-stimulated TRPM3 currents in transfected cells. In contrast, voriconazole only slightly inhibited mGluR6-mediated activation of G-protein activated inward rectifier potassium (GIRK) currents in cotransfected cells, suggesting that mGluR6 is not the primary target of voriconazole in ON-bipolar cells. CONCLUSIONS The visual disturbances associated with voriconazole are likely due to block of TRPM1 channels in retinal ON-bipolar cells. Other neurological effects of voriconazole may be due to block of TRPM3 channels expressed in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hong Xiong
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - R Lane Brown
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States
| | - Brian Reed
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States
| | - Neal S Burke
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States
| | - Robert M Duvoisin
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - Catherine W Morgans
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
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Abstract
De Valois and De Valois [Vis. Res.33, 1053 (1993)] showed that to explain hue appearance, S-cone signals have to be combined with M versus L opponent signals in two different ways to produce red-green and yellow-blue axes, respectively. Recently, it has been shown that color appearance is normal for individuals with genetic mutations that block S-cone input to blue-ON ganglion cells. This is inconsistent with the De Valois hypothesis in which S-opponent konio-geniculate signals are combined with L-M signals at a third processing stage in cortex. Instead, here we show that color appearance, including individual differences never explained before, are predicted by a model in which S-cone signals are combined with L versus M signals in the outer retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian P. Schmidt
- Graduate Program in Neurobiology and Behavior, University of
Washington, Seattle WA, 98109
| | - Maureen Neitz
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle
WA, 98109
| | - Jay Neitz
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle
WA, 98109
- Corresponding author:
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