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Deng J, Liu C, Hu M, Hu C, Lin J, Li Q, Xu X. Dynamic Regulation of brsk2 in the Social and Motor Development of Zebrafish: A Developmental Behavior Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16506. [PMID: 38003696 PMCID: PMC10671324 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Both social and motor development play an essential role in an individual's physical, psychological, and social well-being. It is essential to conduct a dynamic analysis at multiple time points during the developmental process as it helps us better understand and evaluate the trajectory and changes in individual development. Recently, some studies found that mutations in the BRSK2 gene may contribute to motor impairments, delays in achieving motor milestones, and deficits in social behavior and communication skills in patients. However, little is known about the dynamic analysis of social and motor development at multiple time points during the development of the brsk2 gene. We generated a novel brsk2-deficient (brsk2ab-/-) zebrafish model through CRISPR/Cas9 editing and conducted comprehensive morphological and neurobehavioral evaluations, including that of locomotor behaviors, social behaviors, and anxiety behaviors from the larval to adult stages of development. Compared to wild-type zebrafish, brsk2ab-/- zebrafish exhibited a catch-up growth pattern of body length and gradually improved locomotor activities during the developmental process. In contrast, multimodal behavior tests showed that the brsk2ab-/- zebrafish displayed escalating social deficiency and anxiety-like behaviors over time. We reported for the first time that the brsk2 gene had dynamic regulatory effects on motor and social development. It helps us understand developmental trends, capture changes, facilitate early interventions, and provide personalized support and development opportunities for individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxin Deng
- Division of Child Health Care, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai 201102, China; (J.D.); (M.H.); (C.H.)
| | - Chunxue Liu
- Division of Child Health Care, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai 201102, China; (J.D.); (M.H.); (C.H.)
| | - Meixin Hu
- Division of Child Health Care, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai 201102, China; (J.D.); (M.H.); (C.H.)
| | - Chunchun Hu
- Division of Child Health Care, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai 201102, China; (J.D.); (M.H.); (C.H.)
| | - Jia Lin
- Center for Translational Medicine, Institute of Pediatrics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defect, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai 201102, China; (J.L.); (Q.L.)
| | - Qiang Li
- Center for Translational Medicine, Institute of Pediatrics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defect, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai 201102, China; (J.L.); (Q.L.)
| | - Xiu Xu
- Division of Child Health Care, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai 201102, China; (J.D.); (M.H.); (C.H.)
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Gaddis N, Mathur R, Marks J, Zhou L, Quach B, Waldrop A, Levran O, Agrawal A, Randesi M, Adelson M, Jeffries PW, Martin NG, Degenhardt L, Montgomery GW, Wetherill L, Lai D, Bucholz K, Foroud T, Porjesz B, Runarsdottir V, Tyrfingsson T, Einarsson G, Gudbjartsson DF, Webb BT, Crist RC, Kranzler HR, Sherva R, Zhou H, Hulse G, Wildenauer D, Kelty E, Attia J, Holliday EG, McEvoy M, Scott RJ, Schwab SG, Maher BS, Gruza R, Kreek MJ, Nelson EC, Thorgeirsson T, Stefansson K, Berrettini WH, Gelernter J, Edenberg HJ, Bierut L, Hancock DB, Johnson EO. Multi-trait genome-wide association study of opioid addiction: OPRM1 and beyond. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16873. [PMID: 36207451 PMCID: PMC9546890 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21003-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Opioid addiction (OA) is moderately heritable, yet only rs1799971, the A118G variant in OPRM1, has been identified as a genome-wide significant association with OA and independently replicated. We applied genomic structural equation modeling to conduct a GWAS of the new Genetics of Opioid Addiction Consortium (GENOA) data together with published studies (Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, Million Veteran Program, and Partners Health), comprising 23,367 cases and effective sample size of 88,114 individuals of European ancestry. Genetic correlations among the various OA phenotypes were uniformly high (rg > 0.9). We observed the strongest evidence to date for OPRM1: lead SNP rs9478500 (p = 2.56 × 10-9). Gene-based analyses identified novel genome-wide significant associations with PPP6C and FURIN. Variants within these loci appear to be pleiotropic for addiction and related traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Gaddis
- GenOmics, Bioinformatics, and Translational Research Center, Biostatistics and Epidemiology Division, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Ravi Mathur
- GenOmics, Bioinformatics, and Translational Research Center, Biostatistics and Epidemiology Division, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Jesse Marks
- GenOmics, Bioinformatics, and Translational Research Center, Biostatistics and Epidemiology Division, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Linran Zhou
- GenOmics, Bioinformatics, and Translational Research Center, Biostatistics and Epidemiology Division, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Bryan Quach
- GenOmics, Bioinformatics, and Translational Research Center, Biostatistics and Epidemiology Division, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Alex Waldrop
- GenOmics, Bioinformatics, and Translational Research Center, Biostatistics and Epidemiology Division, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Orna Levran
- The Laboratory of the Biology of Addictive Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Arpana Agrawal
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Matthew Randesi
- The Laboratory of the Biology of Addictive Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Miriam Adelson
- Dr. Miriam and Sheldon G. Adelson Clinic for Drug Abuse, Treatment and Research, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Paul W Jeffries
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Nicholas G Martin
- Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Louisa Degenhardt
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Grant W Montgomery
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Leah Wetherill
- Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Dongbing Lai
- Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kathleen Bucholz
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tatiana Foroud
- Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Bernice Porjesz
- Department of Psychiatry, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Bradley Todd Webb
- GenOmics, Bioinformatics, and Translational Research Center, Biostatistics and Epidemiology Division, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Richard C Crist
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Henry R Kranzler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Richard Sherva
- Genome Science Institute, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hang Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Gary Hulse
- School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Dieter Wildenauer
- School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Erin Kelty
- School of Population and Global Health, Population and Public Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - John Attia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Elizabeth G Holliday
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Mark McEvoy
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Rodney J Scott
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Sibylle G Schwab
- Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Brion S Maher
- Department of Mental Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Richard Gruza
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Mary Jeanne Kreek
- The Laboratory of the Biology of Addictive Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elliot C Nelson
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reyjavik, Iceland
| | - Wade H Berrettini
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Genetics, & Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Howard J Edenberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Laura Bierut
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Dana B Hancock
- GenOmics, Bioinformatics, and Translational Research Center, Biostatistics and Epidemiology Division, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Eric Otto Johnson
- GenOmics, Bioinformatics, and Translational Research Center, Biostatistics and Epidemiology Division, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
- Fellow Program, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
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3
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Chang XW, Sun Y, Muhai JN, Li YY, Chen Y, Lu L, Chang SH, Shi J. Common and distinguishing genetic factors for substance use behavior and disorder: an integrated analysis of genomic and transcriptomic studies from both human and animal studies. Addiction 2022; 117:2515-2529. [PMID: 35491750 DOI: 10.1111/add.15908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Genomic and transcriptomic findings greatly broaden the biological knowledge regarding substance use. However, systematic convergence and comparison evidence of genome-wide findings is lacking for substance use. Here, we combined all the genome-wide findings from both substance use behavior and disorder (SUBD) and identified common and distinguishing genetic factors for different SUBDs. METHODS Systemic literature search for genome-wide association (GWAS) and RNA-seq studies of alcohol/nicotine/drug use behavior (partially meets or not reported diagnostic criteria) and alcohol use behavior and disorder (AUBD), nicotine use behavior and disorder (NUBD) and drug use behavior and disorder (DUBD) was performed using PubMed and the GWAS catalog. Drug use was focused upon cannabis, opioid, cocaine and methamphetamine use. GWAS studies required case-control or case/cohort samples. RNA-seq studies were based on brain tissues. The genes which contained significant single nucleotide polymorphism (P ≤ 1 × 10-6 ) in GWAS and reported as significant in RNA-seq studies were extracted. Pathway enrichment was performed by using Metascape. Gene interaction networks were identified by using the Protein Interaction Network Analysis database. RESULTS Total SUBD-related 2910 genes were extracted from 75 GWAS studies (2 773 889 participants) and 17 RNA-seq studies. By overlapping the genes and pathways of AUBD, NUBD and DUBD, four shared genes (CACNB2, GRIN2B, PLXDC2 and PKNOX2), four shared pathways [two Gene Ontology (GO) terms of 'modulation of chemical synaptic transmission', 'regulation of trans-synaptic signaling', two Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways of 'dopaminergic synapse', 'cocaine addiction'] were identified (significantly higher than random, P < 1 × 10-5 ). The top shared KEGG pathways (Benjamini-Hochberg-corrected P-value < 0.05) in the pairwise comparison of AUBD versus DUBD, NUBD versus DUBD, AUBD versus NUBD were 'Epstein-Barr virus infection', 'protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum' and 'neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction', respectively. We also identified substance-specific genetic factors: i.e. ADH1B and ALDH2 were unique for AUBD, while CHRNA3 and CHRNA4 were unique for NUBD. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review identifies the shared and unique genes and pathways for alcohol, nicotine and drug use behaviors and disorders at the genome-wide level and highlights critical biological processes for the common and distinguishing vulnerability of substance use behaviors and disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Wen Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Na Muhai
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Yang-Yang Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Lu
- National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Su-Hua Chang
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Jie Shi
- National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence Research, Peking University, Beijing, China.,The State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, China.,The Key Laboratory for Neuroscience of the Ministry of Education and Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
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4
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Nöthling J, Abrahams N, Toikumo S, Suderman M, Mhlongo S, Lombard C, Seedat S, Hemmings SMJ. Genome-wide differentially methylated genes associated with posttraumatic stress disorder and longitudinal change in methylation in rape survivors. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:594. [PMID: 34799556 PMCID: PMC8604994 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01608-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Rape is associated with a high risk for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). DNA methylation changes may confer risk or protection for PTSD following rape by regulating the expression of genes implicated in pathways affected by PTSD. We aimed to: (1) identify epigenome-wide differences in methylation profiles between rape-exposed women with and without PTSD at 3-months post-rape, in a demographically and ethnically similar group, drawn from a low-income setting; (2) validate and replicate the findings of the epigenome-wide analysis in selected genes (BRSK2 and ADCYAP1); and (3) investigate baseline and longitudinal changes in BRSK2 and ADCYAP1 methylation over six months in relation to change in PTSD symptom scores over 6 months, in the combined discovery/validation and replication samples (n = 96). Rape-exposed women (n = 852) were recruited from rape clinics in the Rape Impact Cohort Evaluation (RICE) umbrella study. Epigenome-wide differentially methylated CpG sites between rape-exposed women with (n = 24) and without (n = 24) PTSD at 3-months post-rape were investigated using the Illumina EPIC BeadChip in a discovery cohort (n = 48). Validation (n = 47) and replication (n = 49) of BRSK2 and ADCYAP1 methylation findings were investigated using EpiTYPER technology. Longitudinal change in BRSK2 and ADCYAP1 was also investigated using EpiTYPER technology in the combined sample (n = 96). In the discovery sample, after adjustment for multiple comparisons, one differentially methylated CpG site (chr10: 61385771/ cg01700569, p = 0.049) and thirty-four differentially methylated regions were associated with PTSD status at 3-months post-rape. Decreased BRSK2 and ADCYAP1 methylation at 3-months and 6-months post-rape were associated with increased PTSD scores at the same time points, but these findings did not remain significant in adjusted models. In conclusion, decreased methylation of BRSK2 may result in abnormal neuronal polarization, synaptic development, vesicle formation, and disrupted neurotransmission in individuals with PTSD. PTSD symptoms may also be mediated by differential methylation of the ADCYAP1 gene which is involved in stress regulation. Replication of these findings is required to determine whether ADCYAP1 and BRSK2 are biomarkers of PTSD and potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jani Nöthling
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
- Gender and Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa.
- South African Medical Research Council Unit on the Genomics of Brain Disorders, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Naeemah Abrahams
- Gender and Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
- Division of Social and Behavioural Sciences, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Sylvanus Toikumo
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
- South African Medical Research Council Unit on the Genomics of Brain Disorders, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Matthew Suderman
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Shibe Mhlongo
- Gender and Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Carl Lombard
- Biostatistics Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Global Health, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Soraya Seedat
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
- South African Medical Research Council Unit on the Genomics of Brain Disorders, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Sian Megan Joanna Hemmings
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
- South African Medical Research Council Unit on the Genomics of Brain Disorders, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
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5
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Larney S, Jones H, Rhodes T, Hickman M. Mapping drug epidemiology futures. Int J Drug Policy 2021; 94:103378. [PMID: 34321152 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2021.103378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiology is a core discipline generating evidence to inform and drive drug policy. In this essay, we speculate on what the future of drug epidemiology might become. We highlight for attention two areas shaping the future of drug epidemiology: nesting epidemiology within a 'syndemic' and 'relational' approach; and innovating in relation to causal inference in the face of complexity. We argue that shifts towards a more relational approach emphasise contingency, including in relation to how drugs might constitute benefit or harm. This leads us to speculate on a 'positive epidemiology'; one that is configured not merely in relation to harm but also in relation to the potential benefits of drugs in relation to well-being. In responding to the complex challenges of delineating contingent causalities, we emphasise the potential of carefully conducted observational study designs that go beyond statistical associations to test causal inference. We acknowledge that each of these developments we describe - a shift towards more relational approaches which emphasise contingent causation, and methodological innovations in relation to establishing causal inference - can be at odds with the other in how they imagine drug epidemiology futures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Larney
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM and Université de Montréal, Canada.
| | - Hannah Jones
- Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, UK; National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, at University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Bristol, UK
| | - Tim Rhodes
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK; Centre for Social Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Australia
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Xie X, Gu J, Zhuang D, Shen W, Li L, Liu Y, Xu W, Hong Q, Chen W, Zhou W, Liu H. Association between GABA receptor delta subunit gene polymorphisms and heroin addiction. Neurosci Lett 2021; 755:135905. [PMID: 33887383 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.135905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors are involved in the development of drug dependence. Considering its exclusively extrasynaptic localization, GABA receptor delta subunit (GABRD) is likely involved in heroin addiction. The purpose of this study was to explore the association between the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of GABRD and heroin addiction. Genotyping of five SNPs (rs13303344, rs4481796, rs2376805, rs2229110, and rs41307846) in GABRD gene was performed by using TaqMan SNP assay. The association between heroin addiction and these SNPs was assessed in 446 heroin dependent patients and 400 normal control subjects of male Han Chinese origin. Only the genotype and allele frequencies at rs13303344 differed significantly between the cases and controls (nominal P values were 0.028 and 0.019, respectively). The C allele of rs13303344 was associated with an increased risk of heroin addiction (OR = 1.281, 95 % CI: 1.042-1.575). After Bonferroni correction, the association lost significance. The frequencies of the haplotype C-C-A and A-C-A at GARBD (rs13303344-rs4481796- rs2376805) differed significantly between the cases and controls. The heroin craving score was significantly higher in patients with CC/AC genotypes at rs13303344 than in those with the AA genotype (nominal P = 0.017). The results suggest that GABRD rs13303344 may contribute to the susceptibility to heroin addiction and is associated with the drug cravings of heroin dependent patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohu Xie
- Key Laboratory of Addiction Research of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jun Gu
- Key Laboratory of Addiction Research of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dingding Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Addiction Research of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenwen Shen
- Key Laboratory of Addiction Research of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Longhui Li
- Key Laboratory of Addiction Research of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Addiction Research of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenjin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Addiction Research of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qingxiao Hong
- Key Laboratory of Addiction Research of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weisheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Addiction Research of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenhua Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Addiction Research of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Huifen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Addiction Research of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
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7
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Pineda-Cirera L, Cabana-Domínguez J, Grau-López L, Daigre C, Sánchez-Mora C, Palma-Álvarez RF, Ramos-Quiroga JA, Ribasés M, Cormand B, Fernàndez-Castillo N. Exploring allele specific methylation in drug dependence susceptibility. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 136:474-482. [PMID: 32917399 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Drug dependence is a neuropsychiatric condition that involves genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors. Allele-specific methylation (ASM) is a common and stable epigenetic mechanism that involves genetic variants correlating with differential levels of methylation at CpG sites. We selected 182 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) described to influence cis ASM in human brain regions to evaluate their possible contribution to drug dependence susceptibility. We performed a case-control association study in a discovery sample of 578 drug-dependent patients (including 428 cocaine-dependent subjects) and 656 controls from Spain, and then, we followed-up the significant associations in an independent sample of 1119 cases (including 589 cocaine-dependent subjects) and 1092 controls. In the discovery sample, we identified five nominal associations, one of them replicated in the follow-up sample (rs6020251). The pooled analysis revealed an association between drug dependence and rs6020251 but also rs11585570, both overcoming the Bonferroni correction for multiple testing. We performed the same analysis considering only cocaine-dependent patients and obtained similar results. The rs6020251 variant correlates with differential methylation levels of cg17974185 and lies in the first intron of the CTNNBL1 gene, in a genomic region with multiple histone marks related to enhancer and promoter regions in brain. Rs11585570 is an eQTL in brain and blood for the SCP2 and ECHDC2 genes and correlates with differential methylation of cg27535305 and cg13461509, located in the promoter regions of both genes. To conclude, using an approach that combines genetic and epigenetic data, we highlighted the CTNNBL1, SCP2 and ECHDC2 genes as potential contributors to drug dependence susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pineda-Cirera
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Catalonia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Spain; Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR-SJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Judit Cabana-Domínguez
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Catalonia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Spain; Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR-SJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Lara Grau-López
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addictions, Catalonia, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Constanza Daigre
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addictions, Catalonia, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Cristina Sánchez-Mora
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raul Felipe Palma-Álvarez
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addictions, Catalonia, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addictions, Catalonia, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Marta Ribasés
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bru Cormand
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Catalonia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Spain; Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR-SJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Noèlia Fernàndez-Castillo
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Catalonia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Spain; Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR-SJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain.
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Huang CL, Chen PH, Lane HY, Ho IK, Chung CM. Risk Assessment for Heroin Use and Craving Score Using Polygenic Risk Score. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11040259. [PMID: 33915886 PMCID: PMC8066654 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11040259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Addiction is characterized by drug-craving, compulsive drug-taking, and relapse, and results from the interaction between multiple genetic and environmental factors. Reward pathways play an important role in mediating drug-seeking and drug-taking behaviors, and relapse. The objective of this study was to identify heroin addicts who carry specific genetic variants in their dopaminergic reward systems. A total of 326 heroin-dependent patients undergoing methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) were recruited from the Addiction Center of the China Medical University Hospital. A heroin-use and craving questionnaire was used to evaluate the urge for heroin, the daily or weekly frequency of heroin usage, daily life disturbance, anxiety, and the ability to overcome heroin use. A general linear regression model was used to assess the associations of genetic polymorphisms in one's dopaminergic reward system with heroin-use and craving scores. Results: The most significant results were obtained for rs2240158 in GRIN3B (p = 0.021), rs3983721 in GRIN3A (p = 0.00326), rs2129575 in TPH2 (p = 0.033), rs6583954 in CYP2C19 (p = 0.033), and rs174699 in COMT (p = 0.036). These were all associated with heroin-using and craving scores with and without adjustments for age, sex, and body mass index. We combined five variants, and the ensuing dose-response effect indicated that heroin-craving scores increased with the numbers of risk alleles (p for trend = 0.0008). These findings will likely help us to understand the genetic mechanism of craving, which will help in predicting the risk of relapse in clinical practice and the potential for therapies to target craving in heroin addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieh-Liang Huang
- Tsaotun Psychiatric Center, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Nan-Tou County 54249, Taiwan;
- Ph.D. Program for Aging, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
| | - Ping-Ho Chen
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Yuan Lane
- Department of Psychiatry & Brain Disease Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
- Department of Psychology, College of Medical and Health Sciences, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
| | - Ing-Kang Ho
- Ph.D. Program for Aging, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
- Center for Drug Abuse and Addiction, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Min Chung
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
- Center for Drug Abuse and Addiction, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +886-4-2205-3366 (ext. 2028)
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9
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Sanchez-Roige S, Fontanillas P, Jennings MV, Bianchi SB, Huang Y, Hatoum AS, Sealock J, Davis LK, Elson SL, Palmer AA; 23andMe Research Team. Genome-wide association study of problematic opioid prescription use in 132,113 23andMe research participants of European ancestry. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:6209-17. [PMID: 34728798 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-021-01335-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The growing prevalence of opioid use disorder (OUD) constitutes an urgent health crisis. Ample evidence indicates that risk for OUD is heritable. As a surrogate (or proxy) for OUD, we explored the genetic basis of using prescription opioids 'not as prescribed'. We hypothesized that misuse of opiates might be a heritable risk factor for OUD. To test this hypothesis, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of problematic opioid use (POU) in 23andMe research participants of European ancestry (N = 132,113; 21% cases). We identified two genome-wide significant loci (rs3791033, an intronic variant of KDM4A; rs640561, an intergenic variant near LRRIQ3). POU showed positive genetic correlations with the two largest available GWAS of OUD and opioid dependence (rg = 0.64, 0.80, respectively). We also identified numerous additional genetic correlations with POU, including alcohol dependence (rg = 0.74), smoking initiation (rg = 0.63), pain relief medication intake (rg = 0.49), major depressive disorder (rg = 0.44), chronic pain (rg = 0.42), insomnia (rg = 0.39), and loneliness (rg = 0.28). Although POU was positively genetically correlated with risk-taking (rg = 0.38), conditioning POU on risk-taking did not substantially alter the magnitude or direction of these genetic correlations, suggesting that POU does not simply reflect a genetic tendency towards risky behavior. Lastly, we performed phenome- and lab-wide association analyses, which uncovered additional phenotypes that were associated with POU, including respiratory failure, insomnia, ischemic heart disease, and metabolic and blood-related biomarkers. We conclude that opioid misuse can be measured in population-based cohorts and provides a cost-effective complementary strategy for understanding the genetic basis of OUD.
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10
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Polimanti R, Walters RK, Johnson EC, McClintick JN, Adkins AE, Adkins DE, Bacanu SA, Bierut LJ, Bigdeli TB, Brown S, Bucholz KK, Copeland WE, Costello EJ, Degenhardt L, Farrer LA, Foroud TM, Fox L, Goate AM, Grucza R, Hack LM, Hancock DB, Hartz SM, Heath AC, Hewitt JK, Hopfer CJ, Johnson EO, Kendler KS, Kranzler HR, Krauter K, Lai D, Madden PAF, Martin NG, Maes HH, Nelson EC, Peterson RE, Porjesz B, Riley BP, Saccone N, Stallings M, Wall TL, Webb BT, Wetherill L, Edenberg HJ, Agrawal A, Gelernter J. Leveraging genome-wide data to investigate differences between opioid use vs. opioid dependence in 41,176 individuals from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium. Mol Psychiatry 2020; 25:1673-1687. [PMID: 32099098 PMCID: PMC7392789 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-020-0677-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
To provide insights into the biology of opioid dependence (OD) and opioid use (i.e., exposure, OE), we completed a genome-wide analysis comparing 4503 OD cases, 4173 opioid-exposed controls, and 32,500 opioid-unexposed controls, including participants of European and African descent (EUR and AFR, respectively). Among the variants identified, rs9291211 was associated with OE (exposed vs. unexposed controls; EUR z = -5.39, p = 7.2 × 10-8). This variant regulates the transcriptomic profiles of SLC30A9 and BEND4 in multiple brain tissues and was previously associated with depression, alcohol consumption, and neuroticism. A phenome-wide scan of rs9291211 in the UK Biobank (N > 360,000) found association of this variant with propensity to use dietary supplements (p = 1.68 × 10-8). With respect to the same OE phenotype in the gene-based analysis, we identified SDCCAG8 (EUR + AFR z = 4.69, p = 10-6), which was previously associated with educational attainment, risk-taking behaviors, and schizophrenia. In addition, rs201123820 showed a genome-wide significant difference between OD cases and unexposed controls (AFR z = 5.55, p = 2.9 × 10-8) and a significant association with musculoskeletal disorders in the UK Biobank (p = 4.88 × 10-7). A polygenic risk score (PRS) based on a GWAS of risk-tolerance (n = 466,571) was positively associated with OD (OD vs. unexposed controls, p = 8.1 × 10-5; OD cases vs. exposed controls, p = 0.054) and OE (exposed vs. unexposed controls, p = 3.6 × 10-5). A PRS based on a GWAS of neuroticism (n = 390,278) was positively associated with OD (OD vs. unexposed controls, p = 3.2 × 10-5; OD vs. exposed controls, p = 0.002) but not with OE (p = 0.67). Our analyses highlight the difference between dependence and exposure and the importance of considering the definition of controls in studies of addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato Polimanti
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Raymond K Walters
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emma C Johnson
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jeanette N McClintick
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Amy E Adkins
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Daniel E Adkins
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Silviu-Alin Bacanu
- Virginia Commonwealth University Alcohol Research Center, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Laura J Bierut
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tim B Bigdeli
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Sandra Brown
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Kathleen K Bucholz
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - William E Copeland
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - E Jane Costello
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Louisa Degenhardt
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Lindsay A Farrer
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tatiana M Foroud
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Louis Fox
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Alison M Goate
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Richard Grucza
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Laura M Hack
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Dana B Hancock
- Center for Omics Discovery and Epidemiology, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Sarah M Hartz
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Andrew C Heath
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - John K Hewitt
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Christian J Hopfer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Eric O Johnson
- Center for Omics Discovery and Epidemiology, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Kenneth S Kendler
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Henry R Kranzler
- Center for Studies of Addiction, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, VISN 4 MIRECC, Crescenz VAMC, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kenneth Krauter
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Dongbing Lai
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Pamela A F Madden
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Hermine H Maes
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Elliot C Nelson
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Roseann E Peterson
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Bernice Porjesz
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Brien P Riley
- Virginia Commonwealth University Alcohol Research Center, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Nancy Saccone
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Michael Stallings
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Tamara L Wall
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Bradley T Webb
- Virginia Commonwealth University Alcohol Research Center, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Leah Wetherill
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Howard J Edenberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Arpana Agrawal
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA.
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11
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Huggett SB, Bubier JA, Chesler EJ, Palmer RHC. Do gene expression findings from mouse models of cocaine use recapitulate human cocaine use disorder in reward circuitry? Genes Brain Behav 2020; 20:e12689. [PMID: 32720468 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Animal models of drug use have investigated possible mechanisms governing human substance use traits for over 100 years. Most cross-species research on drug use/addiction examines behavioral overlap, but studies assessing neuromolecular (e.g. RNA) correspondence are lacking. Our study utilized transcriptome-wide data from the hippocampus and ventral tegmental area (VTA)/midbrain from a total of 35 human males with cocaine use disorder/controls and 49 male C57BL/6J cocaine/saline administering/exposed mice. We hypothesized differential expressed genes and systems of co-expressed genes (gene networks) would show appreciable overlap across mouse cocaine self-administration and human cocaine use disorder. We found modest, but significant relationships between differentially expressed genes associated with cocaine self-administration (short access) and cocaine use disorder within reward circuitry. Differentially expressed genes underlying models of acute cocaine exposure (cocaine), context re-exposure and cocaine + context re-exposure were not consistently associated with human CUD across brain regions. Investigating systems of co-expressed genes, we found several validated gene networks with weak to moderate conservation between cocaine/saline self-administering mice and disordered cocaine users/controls. The most conserved hippocampal and VTA gene networks demonstrated substantial overlap (2029 common genes) and included both novel and previously implicated targets for cocaine use/addiction. Lastly, we conducted (expression-based) phenome-wide association studies of the nine common hub genes across conserved gene networks. Common hub genes were associated with dopamine/serotonin function, cocaine self-administration and other relevant mouse traits. Overall, our study pinpointed and characterized conserved brain-related RNA patterns across mouse cocaine self-administration and human cocaine use disorder. We offer recommendations for future research and add to the dialogue surrounding pre-clinical animal research for human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spencer B Huggett
- Behavioral Genetics of Addiction Laboratory, Department of Psychology at Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jason A Bubier
- Center for Systems Neurogenetics of Addiction, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, USA
| | - Elissa J Chesler
- Center for Systems Neurogenetics of Addiction, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, USA
| | - Rohan H C Palmer
- Behavioral Genetics of Addiction Laboratory, Department of Psychology at Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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12
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Sandoval-Sierra JV, Salgado García FI, Brooks JH, Derefinko KJ, Mozhui K. Effect of short-term prescription opioids on DNA methylation of the OPRM1 promoter. Clin Epigenetics 2020; 12:76. [PMID: 32493461 PMCID: PMC7268244 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-020-00868-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A long-term opioid use has been associated with hypermethylation of the opioid receptor mu 1 (OPRM1) promoter. Very little is currently known about the early epigenetic response to therapeutic opioids. Here, we examine whether we can detect DNA methylation changes associated with a few days’ use of prescribed opioids. Genome-wide DNA methylation was assayed in a cohort of 33 opioid-naïve participants who underwent standard dental surgery followed by opioid self-administration. Saliva samples were collected before surgery (visit 1), and at two postsurgery visits at 2.7 ± 1.5 days (visit 2), and 39 ± 10 days (visit 3) after the discontinuation of opioid analgesics. Results The perioperative methylome underwent significant changes over the three visits that were primarily due to postoperative inflammatory response and cell heterogeneity. To specifically examine the effect of opioids, we started with a candidate gene approach and evaluated 10 CpGs located in the OPRM1 promoter. There was a significant cross-sectional variability in opioid use, and for participants who self-administered the prescribed drugs, the total dosage ranged from 5–210 morphine milligram equivalent (MME). Participants were categorized by cumulative dosage into three groups: < 25 MME, 25–90 MME, and ≥ 90 MME. Using mixed-effects modeling, 4 CpGs had significant positive associations with opioid dose at two-tailed p value < 0.05, and overall, 9 of the 10 OPRM1 promoter CpGs showed the predicted higher methylation in the higher dose groups relative to the lowest dose group. After adjustment for age, cellular heterogeneity, and past tobacco use, the promoter mean methylation also had positive associations with cumulative MME (regression coefficient = 0.0002, one-tailed p value = 0.02) and duration of opioid use (regression coefficient = 0.003, one-tailed p value = 0.001), but this effect was significant only for visit 3. A preliminary epigenome-wide association study identified a significant CpG in the promoter of the RAS-related signaling gene, RASL10A, that may be predictive of opioid dosage. Conclusion The present study provides evidence that the hypermethylation of the OPRM1 promoter is in response to opioid use and that epigenetic differences in OPRM1 and other sites are associated with a short-term use of therapeutic opioids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Vladimir Sandoval-Sierra
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Francisco I Salgado García
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jeffrey H Brooks
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Karen J Derefinko
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Khyobeni Mozhui
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The opioid epidemic in the United States has led to unprecedented increases in morbidity and mortality, posing a serious public health crisis. Although twin and family studies, as well as genome-wide association studies (GWAS), all identify significant genetic factors contributing to opioid dependence, no studies to date have estimated marker-based heritability estimates of opioid dependence. The goal of the current study was to use a large, genetically imputed, case/control sample of 4,064 participants (after quality control and imputation) with genome-wide data to estimate the unbiased heritability tagged by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). METHOD Study data were part of the Genome-wide Study of Heroin Dependence obtained via the Database for Genotypes and Phenotypes (dbGaP). Genomic-Relatedness-Matrix Restricted Maximum Likelihood with adjustment for minor allele frequency (MAF) and linkage disequilibrium (LD; GREML-LDMS) was used to determine the variation in opioid dependence attributable to common SNPs from imputed data. Mixed linear models were used in an exploratory GWAS to assess effects of single SNPs. RESULTS At least 45% of the variance in opioid dependence according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, was attributable to common SNPs, after stratifying to account for differences in MAF and LD across the genome. Most of the genetic variance was tagged by SNPs in the 1%-9% MAF range and in low LD with other SNPs in the region. Two markers in LOC101927293 survived multiple-testing correction (i.e., q value < .05). CONCLUSIONS Nearly half of the variation in opioid dependence can be attributed to common SNPs. Most of this variation is due to rare variants in low LD with other markers in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie A Brick
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Lauren Micalizzi
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Valerie S Knopik
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Rohan H C Palmer
- Behavioral Genetics of Addiction Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
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14
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Liu C, Faraone SV, Glatt SJ. Psychiatric Genetics, Epigenetics, and Cellular Models in Coming Years. J Psychiatr Brain Sci 2019; 4:e190012. [PMID: 31608310 DOI: 10.20900/jpbs.20190012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Psychiatric genetic studies have uncovered hundreds of loci associated with various psychiatric disorders. We take the opportunity to review achievements in the past and provide our view of what is coming in the fields of molecular genetics, epigenetics, and cellular models. We expect that SNP-array and sequencing-based studies of genetic associations will continue to expand, covering more disorders, drug responses, phenotypes, and diverse populations. Epigenetic studies of psychiatric disorders will be another promising field with the growing recognition that environmental factors impact the risk for psychiatric disorders by modulating epigenetic factors. Functional studies of genetic findings will be needed in cellular models to provide important connections between genetic and epigenetic variants and biological phenotypes.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging adulthood is a peak period of risk for alcohol and illicit drug use. Recent advances in psychiatric genetics suggest that the co-occurrence of substance use and psychopathology arises, in part, from a shared genetic etiology. We sought to extend this research by investigating the influence of genetic risk for schizophrenia on trajectories of four substance use behaviors as they occurred across emerging adulthood. METHOD Young adult participants of non-Hispanic European descent provided DNA samples and completed daily reports of substance use for 1 month per year across 4 years (N = 30 085 observations of N = 342 participants). A schizophrenia polygenic score was included in two-level hierarchical linear models designed to test associations between genetic risk for schizophrenia, participant age, and four substance use phenotypes. RESULTS Participants with a greater schizophrenia polygenic score experienced greater age-related increases in the likelihood of using substances across emerging adulthood (p < 0.005). Additionally, our results suggest that the polygenic score was positively associated with participants' overall likelihood to engage in illicit drug use but not alcohol-related substance use. CONCLUSIONS This study used a novel combination of polygenic prediction and intensive longitudinal methods to characterize the influence of genetic risk for schizophrenia on patterns of age-related change in substance use across emerging adulthood. Results suggest that genetic risk for schizophrenia has developmentally specific effects on substance use behaviors in a non-clinical population of young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis T Mallard
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, 108 E. Dean Keeton Stop A8000, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - K Paige Harden
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, 108 E. Dean Keeton Stop A8000, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Kim Fromme
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, 108 E. Dean Keeton Stop A8000, Austin, TX 78712, USA
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine whether, controlling for genetic effects, drug abuse was transmitted within families as predicted by a contagion model. METHODS The authors examined 65,006 parent-offspring, sibling, and cousin pairs ascertained from Swedish population registries in which the primary case subject had a drug abuse registration. The rate of drug abuse registration among at-risk secondary case subjects ages 19-23 was studied. Utilizing matched control pairs, a difference-in-difference approach was used to infer causal effects. RESULTS In offspring, risk for drug abuse registration in the 3 years after an index registration of a parent residing in the same household, neighborhood, or municipality increased 5.9%, 3.4%, and 1.8%, respectively. For siblings of sibling index case subjects, parallel results were 5.9%, 3.9%, and 1.2%. For cousins of cousin index case subjects, excess risk for those in the same neighborhood or municipality was 2.9% and 0.9%, respectively. In all sets of relatives, drug abuse transmission was strongest in male-male pairs and in pairs closest in age. In sibling pairs, stronger transmission was observed in older to younger siblings compared with younger to older siblings. Transmission was stronger within than across the two drug classes with sufficient data (opiates and cannabis). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that drug abuse can be transmitted within families by an environmentally mediated temporally defined model of contagion. The most important methodological limitation is that drug abuse registration is an inaccurate measure of the onset of drug abuse. Indeed, as predicted, drug abuse risk increased among potential secondary case subjects in the year before drug abuse registration of the index case subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth S. Kendler
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, the Department of Psychiatry, and the Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond
| | - Henrik Ohlsson
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jan Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden,Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York,Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education, Department of Functional Pathology, School of Medicine, Shimane University, Japan
| | - Kristina Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden,Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York,Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education, Department of Functional Pathology, School of Medicine, Shimane University, Japan
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17
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Alblooshi H, Al Safar H, Fisher HF, Cordell HJ, El Kashef A, Al Ghaferi H, Shawky M, Reece S, Hulse GK, Tay GK. A case-control genome wide association study of substance use disorder (SUD) identifies novel variants on chromosome 7p14.1 in patients from the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2019; 180:68-79. [PMID: 30556296 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Genome wide association studies (GWASs) have provided insights into the molecular basis of the disorder in different population. This study presents the first GWAS of substance use disorder (SUD) in patients from the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The aim was to identify genetic association(s) that may provide insights into the molecular basis of the disorder. The GWAS discovery cohort consisted of 512 (250 cases and 262 controls) male participants from the UAE. Controls with no prior history of SUD were available from the Emirates family registry. The replication cohort consisted of 520 (415 cases and 105 controls) Australian male Caucasian participants. The GWAS discovery samples were genotyped for 4.6 million single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). The replication cohort was genotyped using TaqMan assay. The GWAS association analysis identified three potential SNPs rs118129027 (p-value = 6.24 × 10-8 ), rs74477937 (p-value = 8.56 × 10-8 ) and rs78707086 (p-value = 8.55 × 10-8 ) on ch7p14.1, that did not meet the GWAS significance threshold but were highly suggestive. In the replication cohort, the association of the three top SNPs did not reach statistical significance. In a meta-analysis of the discovery and the replication cohorts, there were no strengthen evidence for association of the three SNPs. The top identified rs118129027 overlaps with a regulatory factor (enhancer) region that targets three neighboring genes LOC105375237, LOC105375240, and YAE1D1. The YAE1D1, which represents a potential locus that is involved in regulating translation initiation pathway. Novel associations that require further confirmation were identified, suggesting a new insight to the genetic basis of SUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiba Alblooshi
- School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Human Science, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Habiba Al Safar
- Center of Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Holly F Fisher
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Heather J Cordell
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Ahmed El Kashef
- National Rehabilitation Center, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Mansour Shawky
- National Rehabilitation Center, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Stuart Reece
- School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Gary K Hulse
- School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Medical Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Guan K Tay
- School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia.,Center of Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.,School of Medical Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
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18
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Crist RC, Reiner BC, Berrettini WH. A review of opioid addiction genetics. Curr Opin Psychol 2018; 27:31-35. [PMID: 30118972 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2018.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Opioid use disorder (OUD) affects millions of people worldwide and the risk of developing the disorder has a significant genetic component according to twin and family studies. Identification of the genetic variants underlying this inherited risk has focused on two different methods: candidate gene studies and genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The most studied candidate genes have included the mu-opioid receptor (OPRM1), the delta-opioid receptor (OPRD1), the dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Variants in these genes have been associated with relatively small, but reproducible, effects on OUD risk. More recently, GWAS have identified potential associations with variants in KCNG2, KCNC1, CNIH3, APBB2, and RGMA. In total the genetic associations identified so far explain only a small portion of OUD risk. GWAS of OUD is still in the early stages when compared to studies of other psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia, which have found many relevant variants with small effect sizes only after large meta-analyses. Substantial increases in cohort sizes will likely be necessary in the OUD field to achieve similar results. In addition, it will be important for future studies of OUD to incorporate rare variants, epigenetics, and gene × environment interactions into models in order to better explain the observed heritability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard C Crist
- Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Benjamin C Reiner
- Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Wade H Berrettini
- Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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19
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Marceau K, Abel EA. Mechanisms of cortisol - Substance use development associations: Hypothesis generation through gene enrichment analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2018; 92:128-39. [PMID: 29802855 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
There are many theories about the mechanisms of associations between hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) function (indexed by cortisol) and substance use. However, the potential for genes that contribute to both HPA function and substance use to confound the association (e.g., genetic confounding) has largely been ignored. We explore the potential role of genetics in cortisol-substance use associations, build a conceptual framework placing theories and mechanisms for how cortisol and substance use are related into a developmental progression, and develop new hypotheses based on our findings. We conclude that the relationship between cortisol function and substance use is complex, occurs at multiple levels of analysis, and is bidirectional at multiple phases of the substance use progression. Additionally, there is potential for genetic confounding in cortisol-substance use associations, and thus a need for genetically informed designs to investigate how and why cortisol function is associated with substance use phenotypes from initiation through disorder. Gene-environment interplay and developmental context are likely to impact the effectiveness of prevention and intervention efforts to reduce substance use problems.
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20
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW With the advent of the genome-wide association study (GWAS), our understanding of the genetics of addiction has made significant strides forward. Here, we summarize genetic loci containing variants identified at genome-wide statistical significance (P < 5 × 10-8) and independently replicated, review evidence of functional or regulatory effects for GWAS-identified variants, and outline multi-omics approaches to enhance discovery and characterize addiction loci. RECENT FINDINGS Replicable GWAS findings span 11 genetic loci for smoking, eight loci for alcohol, and two loci for illicit drugs combined and include missense functional variants and noncoding variants with regulatory effects in human brain tissues traditionally viewed as addiction-relevant (e.g., prefrontal cortex [PFC]) and, more recently, tissues often overlooked (e.g., cerebellum). GWAS analyses have discovered several novel, replicable variants contributing to addiction. Using larger sample sizes from harmonized datasets and new approaches to integrate GWAS with multiple 'omics data across human brain tissues holds great promise to significantly advance our understanding of the biology underlying addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana B Hancock
- Behavioral and Urban Health Program, Behavioral Health and Criminal Justice Division, RTI International, 3040 East Cornwallis Road, P. O. Box 12194, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA.
| | - Christina A Markunas
- Behavioral and Urban Health Program, Behavioral Health and Criminal Justice Division, RTI International, 3040 East Cornwallis Road, P. O. Box 12194, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Laura J Bierut
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Eric O Johnson
- Fellow Program and Behavioral Health and Criminal Justice Division, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
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21
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Prom-Wormley EC, Ebejer J, Dick DM, Bowers MS. The genetic epidemiology of substance use disorder: A review. Drug Alcohol Depend 2017; 180:241-259. [PMID: 28938182 PMCID: PMC5911369 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Substance use disorder (SUD) remains a significant public health issue. A greater understanding of how genes and environment interact to regulate phenotypes comprising SUD will facilitate directed treatments and prevention. METHODS The literature studying the neurobiological correlates of SUD with a focus on the genetic and environmental influences underlying these mechanisms was reviewed. Results from twin/family, human genetic association, gene-environment interaction, epigenetic literature, phenome-wide association studies are summarized for alcohol, nicotine, cannabinoids, cocaine, and opioids. RESULTS There are substantial genetic influences on SUD that are expected to influence multiple neurotransmission pathways, and these influences are particularly important within the dopaminergic system. Genetic influences involved in other aspects of SUD etiology including drug processing and metabolism are also identified. Studies of gene-environment interaction emphasize the importance of environmental context in SUD. Epigenetic studies indicate drug-specific changes in gene expression as well as differences in gene expression related to the use of multiple substances. Further, gene expression is expected to differ by stage of SUD such as substance initiation versus chronic substance use. While a substantial literature has developed for alcohol and nicotine use disorders, there is comparatively less information for other commonly abused substances. CONCLUSIONS A better understanding of genetically-mediated mechanisms involved in the neurobiology of SUD provides increased opportunity to develop behavioral and biologically based treatment and prevention of SUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth C Prom-Wormley
- Dvision of Epidemiology, Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, Virginia Commonwealth University, PO Box 980212, Richmond, VA 23298-0212, USA.
| | - Jane Ebejer
- School of Cognitive Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2350, Australia
| | - Danielle M Dick
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, PO Box 842509, Richmond, VA 23284-2509, USA
| | - M Scott Bowers
- Faulk Center for Molecular Therapeutics, Biomedical Engeneering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60201, USA
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22
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Marie-Claire C, Jourdaine C, Lépine JP, Bellivier F, Bloch V, Vorspan F. Pharmacoepigenomics of opiates and methadone maintenance treatment: current data and perspectives. Pharmacogenomics 2017; 18:1359-1372. [DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2017-0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Current treatments of opioid addiction include primarily maintenance medications such as methadone. Chronic exposure to opiate and/or long-lasting maintenance treatment induce modulations of gene expression in brain and peripheral tissues. There is increasing evidence that epigenetic modifications underlie these modulations. This review summarizes published results on opioid-induced epigenetic changes in animal models and in patients. The epigenetic modifications observed with other drugs of abuse often used by opiate abusers are also outlined. Specific methadone maintenance treatment induced epigenetic modifications at different treatment stages may be combined with the ones resulting from patients’ substance use history. Therefore, research comparing groups of addicts with similar history and substances use disorders but contrasting for well-characterized treatment phenotypes should be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Marie-Claire
- Variabilité de réponse aux psychotropes, INSERMU1144/Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris/Université Paris Descartes/Université ParisDiderot/Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Clément Jourdaine
- AP-HP, GH Saint-Louis – Lariboisière – F. Widal, Pôle de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, 75475 Paris cedex 10, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Lépine
- AP-HP, GH Saint-Louis – Lariboisière – F. Widal, Pôle de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, 75475 Paris cedex 10, France
| | - Frank Bellivier
- Variabilité de réponse aux psychotropes, INSERMU1144/Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris/Université Paris Descartes/Université ParisDiderot/Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- AP-HP, GH Saint-Louis – Lariboisière – F. Widal, Pôle de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, 75475 Paris cedex 10, France
| | - Vanessa Bloch
- Variabilité de réponse aux psychotropes, INSERMU1144/Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris/Université Paris Descartes/Université ParisDiderot/Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Florence Vorspan
- Variabilité de réponse aux psychotropes, INSERMU1144/Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris/Université Paris Descartes/Université ParisDiderot/Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- AP-HP, GH Saint-Louis – Lariboisière – F. Widal, Pôle de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, 75475 Paris cedex 10, France
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