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Eon P, Jubeau M, Cattagni T. Post-activation potentiation after isometric contractions is strongly related to contraction intensity despite the similar torque-time integral. Exp Physiol 2024. [PMID: 38595307 DOI: 10.1113/ep091700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Post-activation potentiation (PAP) is defined as an enhanced contractile response of a muscle following its own contractile activity and is influenced by the intensity and duration of the conditioning contraction. The aim of this study was to determine if the combination of intensity and duration, that is, torque-time integral (TTI) is a determinant of PAP amplitude. We compared PAP amplitude following low-to-maximal voluntary conditioning contraction intensities with and without similar TTI in the knee extensors. Twelve healthy males completed two experimental sessions. Femoral nerve stimulation was applied to evoke single twitches on the relaxed quadriceps before and after isometric conditioning contractions of knee extensors. In one session, participants performed conditioning contractions without similar TTI (6 s at 100, 80, 60, 40 and 20% maximal voluntary contraction (MVC)), while they performed conditioning contractions with similar TTI in the other session (6 s at 100%, 7.5 s at 80%, 10 s at 60%, 15 s at 40%, and 30 s at 20% MVC). In both sessions, PAP amplitude was related to conditioning contraction intensity. The higher the conditioning contraction intensity with or without similar TTI, the higher PAP. Significant correlations were found (i) between PAP and conditioning contraction intensity with (r2 = 0.70; P < 0.001) or without similar TTI (r2 = 0.64; P < 0.001), and (ii) between PAP with and without similar TTI (r2 = 0.82; P < 0.001). The results provide evidence that TTI has a minor influence on PAP in the knee extensors. This suggests that to optimize the effect of PAP, it is more relevant to control the intensity of the contraction rather than the TTI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Eon
- Nantes Université, Movement - Interactions - Performance, MIP, UR 4334, Nantes, France
- Laboratory Culture Sport Health Society (UR 4660), Sport and Performance Department, UFR STAPS, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Marc Jubeau
- Nantes Université, Movement - Interactions - Performance, MIP, UR 4334, Nantes, France
| | - Thomas Cattagni
- Nantes Université, Movement - Interactions - Performance, MIP, UR 4334, Nantes, France
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Xenofondos A, Papavasileiou A, Bassa E, Vrabas IS, Patikas DA. Postactivation Potentiation and the Asynchronous Action of Muscular and Neural Responses. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2023:1-9. [PMID: 37295786 DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2022-0336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study examined the underlying mechanisms of postactivation potentiation and the time course of muscular- and neural-related variables. METHODS Fourteen trained males executed 4 sets of six 6-second maximum isometric conditioning plantar flexions, with 15 seconds and 2 minutes of interval between the contractions and sets, respectively. Peak twitch torque (TT), rate of torque development, time to peak torque, half relaxation time, and the neural-related variables of H-reflex and electromyogram, normalized to the maximum M-wave (H/M and RMS/M, respectively), were evaluated, as well as the level of the voluntary activation, assessed by the twitch interpolation technique. All neural-related variables were analyzed for the trial within each set when TT was maximal and for the trial within each set when the neural-related variable itself was maximal. RESULTS Compared with the baseline measures, TT and rate of torque development significantly increased in all sets (P < .001), whereas time to peak torque and half relaxation time significantly decreased in sets 1 to 4 and 2 to 4, respectively (P < .001). However, H/M and the RMS/M did not change for the repetition of each set for which the TT was maximal (P > .05). Interestingly, the within-set maximum H/M ratio of the lateral gastrocnemius muscle revealed a significant increase in all sets (P < .05), compared with the baseline measures. CONCLUSION One set of 4 contractions with 6-second duration is sufficient to cause postactivation potentiation for most participants, whereas peak TT augmentation does not coincide with changes in the examined neural-related variables. Further experiments should consider the time lag on their maximal values and their inherent between-participants variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthi Xenofondos
- Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Frederick University, Nicosia,Cyprus
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki,Greece
| | - Anastasia Papavasileiou
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki,Greece
| | - Eleni Bassa
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki,Greece
| | - Ioannis S Vrabas
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki,Greece
| | - Dimitrios A Patikas
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki,Greece
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Fernandes IG, Souza MA, Oliveira ML, Miarka B, Barbosa MA, Queiroz AC, Barbosa AC. Acute Effects of Single- Versus Double-Leg Postactivation Potentiation on Postural Balance of Older Women: An Age-Matched Controlled Study. J Aging Phys Act 2020; 29:200-6. [PMID: 32820137 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2019-0314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To compare the postactivation potentiation effects of isometric contraction until failure in double- and single-leg tasks on older women's balance. METHODS The one-legged balance test was performed before and immediately after a rise-to-toes task until the task failure. Older women were divided into two groups: a group performed the task with double leg (n = 43) and the other group with single-leg support (n = 55). RESULTS The single-leg group showed slower velocity of sway post rise-to-toes task (pre = 4.02 ± 1; post = 3.78 ± 1.15 m/s; p = .04) without differences for the center of pressure path length (pre = 79 ± 21; post = 75 ± 23 cm; p = .08). In the double-leg group, faster velocity of sway (pre = 4 ± 1.22; post = 4.25 ± 1.13; p = .03) and increased center of pressure path length (pre = 80 ± 24; post = 85 ± 23 cm; p = .03) were observed after the task. CONCLUSIONS The single-leg group showed improved balance outcomes due to postactivation potentiation, while the double-leg group showed worsened balance consistent with muscle fatigue.
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Abstract
Wallace, BJ, Shapiro, R, Wallace, KL, Abel, MG, and Symons, TB. Muscular and neural contributions to postactivation potentiation. J Strength Cond Res 33(3): 615-625, 2019-This study's purpose was to explain the relationship between muscle factors (twitch potentiation [TP]) and neural factors (reflex potentiation) contributing to total postactivation potentiation (PAP) that couples these. The tibial nerve of 15 participants were stimulated intermittently for 20 minutes at supramaximal (Mmax) and submaximal (Hmax) intensities on separate days under 2 conditions: (a) rest (Control) and (b) after a 10-second plantarflexion maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC). Isometric twitch torque and rate of force development (RFD) as well as soleus and gastrocnemius electromyographic values were analyzed. Torque and RFD TP were significantly greater 10 and 30 seconds after MVIC vs. Control. Postactivation potentiation of torque and RFD at Hmax were highest at 3 and 4.5 minutes after MVIC, respectively, with RFD significantly elevated. Electromyographic values were not different between conditions. Twitch potentiation significantly contributed to PAP at the following time points: 20 seconds, Hmax peak, and 20 minutes after MVIC (torque: R = 0.54, 0.76, and 0.70; RFD: R = 0.46, 0.59, and 0.53). The soleus significantly contributed to PAP torque at 20 seconds and 20 minutes after MVIC, and to PAP RFD at 20 seconds, 4.5 minutes, and 20 minutes (torque: R = 0.26 and 0.34, p ≤ 0.05; RFD: R = 0.65, 0.52, and 0.41). The gastrocnemius did not significantly contribute to PAP. Both muscle and neural factors play a significant role in PAP, and neural factors may play a more prominent role in RFD potentiation than torque potentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Wallace
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin Oshkosh, Oshkosh, Wisconsin
| | - Robert Shapiro
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Promotion, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Kelly L Wallace
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Promotion, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Mark G Abel
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Promotion, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Thorburn B Symons
- Department of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
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Prieske O, Maffiuletti NA, Granacher U. Postactivation Potentiation of the Plantar Flexors Does Not Directly Translate to Jump Performance in Female Elite Young Soccer Players. Front Physiol 2018; 9:276. [PMID: 29628898 PMCID: PMC5876518 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
High-intensity muscle actions have the potential to temporarily improve muscle contractile properties (i.e., postactivation potentiation, PAP) thereby inducing acute performance enhancements. There is evidence that balance training can improve performance during strength exercises. Taking these findings together, the purpose of this study was to examine the acute effects of a combined balance and strength (B+S) exercise vs. a strength only (S) exercise on twitch contractile properties, maximum voluntary strength, and jump performance in young athletes. Female elite young soccer players (N = 12) aged 14–15 years conducted three experimental conditions in randomized order: S included 3 sets of 8–10 dynamic leg extensions at 80% of the 1-repetition maximum, B+S consisted of 3 sets of 40 s double-leg stances on a balance board prior to leg extensions (same as S), and a resting control period. Before and 7 min after exercise, participants were tested for their electrically-evoked isometric twitches (i.e., twitch peak torque, twitch rate of torque development) and maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) torque of the plantar flexor muscles. Additionally, countermovement (CMJ) and drop jump (DJ) performances (i.e., CMJ/DJ height, DJ ground contact time) were assessed. Significant effects of condition on twitch contractile properties (p < 0.05, d = 1.1) and jump performance outputs (p < 0.05, 1.1 ≤ d ≤ 1.2) were found. Post-hoc tests revealed that S compared to control produced larger PAP for twitch peak torques by trend (p = 0.07, d = 1.8, 33 vs. 21%) and significantly larger PAP for twitch rate of torque development (p < 0.05, d = 2.4, 55 vs. 43%). Following B+S compared to control, significant improvements in CMJ height (p < 0.01, d = 1.9, 3%) and DJ contact time were found (p < 0.01, d = 2.0, 10%). This study revealed protocol-specific acute performance improvements. While S resulted in significant increases in twitch contractile properties, B+S produced significant enhancements in jump performance. It is concluded that PAP effects in the plantar flexors may not directly translate to improved jump performance in female elite young soccer players. Therefore, the observed gains in jump performance following B+S are most likely related to neuromuscular changes (e.g., intramuscular coordination) rather than improved contractile properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olaf Prieske
- Division of Training and Movement Sciences, Research Focus Cognition Sciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | | | - Urs Granacher
- Division of Training and Movement Sciences, Research Focus Cognition Sciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
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Alamo L, Pinto A, Sulbarán G, Mavárez J, Padrón R. Lessons from a tarantula: new insights into myosin interacting-heads motif evolution and its implications on disease. Biophys Rev 2017; 10:1465-1477. [PMID: 28871552 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-017-0292-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tarantula's leg muscle thick filament is the ideal model for the study of the structure and function of skeletal muscle thick filaments. Its analysis has given rise to a series of structural and functional studies, leading, among other things, to the discovery of the myosin interacting-heads motif (IHM). Further electron microscopy (EM) studies have shown the presence of IHM in frozen-hydrated and negatively stained thick filaments of striated, cardiac, and smooth muscle of bilaterians, most showing the IHM parallel to the filament axis. EM studies on negatively stained heavy meromyosin of different species have shown the presence of IHM on sponges, animals that lack muscle, extending the presence of IHM to metazoans. The IHM evolved about 800 MY ago in the ancestor of Metazoa, and independently with functional differences in the lineage leading to the slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum (Mycetozoa). This motif conveys important functional advantages, such as Ca2+ regulation and ATP energy-saving mechanisms. Recent interest has focused on human IHM structure in order to understand the structural basis underlying various conditions and situations of scientific and medical interest: the hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathies, overfeeding control, aging and hormone deprival muscle weakness, drug design for schistosomiasis control, and conditioning exercise physiology for the training of power athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Alamo
- Centro de Biología Estructural "Humberto Fernández-Morán", Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Apdo. 20632, Caracas, 1020A, Venezuela
| | - Antonio Pinto
- Centro de Biología Estructural "Humberto Fernández-Morán", Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Apdo. 20632, Caracas, 1020A, Venezuela
| | - Guidenn Sulbarán
- Centro de Biología Estructural "Humberto Fernández-Morán", Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Apdo. 20632, Caracas, 1020A, Venezuela.,Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), CEA-CNRS Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Jesús Mavárez
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, UMR 5553 CNRS-Université Grenoble Alpes, 2233 Rue de la Piscine, 38041, Grenoble, France
| | - Raúl Padrón
- Centro de Biología Estructural "Humberto Fernández-Morán", Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Apdo. 20632, Caracas, 1020A, Venezuela.
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