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Xu S, Wang Y. Transient Receptor Potential Channels: Multiple Modulators of Peripheral Neuropathic Pain in Several Rodent Models. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:872-886. [PMID: 38281247 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-04087-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain, a prevalent chronic condition in clinical settings, has attracted widespread societal attention. This condition is characterized by a persistent pain state accompanied by affective and cognitive disruptions, significantly impacting patients' quality of life. However, current clinical therapies fall short of addressing its complexity. Thus, exploring the underlying molecular mechanism of neuropathic pain and identifying potential targets for intervention is highly warranted. The transient receptor potential (TRP) receptors, a class of widely distributed channel proteins, in the nervous system, play a crucial role in sensory signaling, cellular calcium regulation, and developmental influences. TRP ion channels are also responsible for various sensory responses including heat, cold, pain, and stress. This review highlights recent advances in understanding TRPs in various rodent models of neuropathic pain, aiming to uncover potential therapeutic targets for clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songchao Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95, Yong'an Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95, Yong'an Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050, China.
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Toraman E, Bayram C, Sezen S, Özkaraca M, Hacımüftüoğlu A, Budak H. Parthenolide as a potential analgesic in the treatment of paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain: the rat modeling. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2023; 396:3707-3721. [PMID: 37306715 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02568-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we determined the therapeutic effect of parthenolide (PTL), the active component of Tanacetum parthenium, on neuropathic pain caused by paclitaxel (PTX), a chemotherapeutic drug frequently used in cancer treatment, at the gene and protein levels. To this end, 6 groups were formed: control, PTX, sham, 1 mg/PTL, 2 mg/kg PTL, and 4 mg/kg PTL. Pain formation was tested by Randall-Selitto analgesiometry and locomotor activity behavioral analysis. Then, PTL treatment was performed for 14 days. After the last dose of PTL was taken, Hcn2, Trpa1, Scn9a, and Kcns1 gene expressions were measured in rat brain (cerebral cortex/CTX) tissues. In addition, changes in the levels of SCN9A and KCNS1 proteins were determined by immunohistochemical analysis. Histopathological hematoxylin-eosin staining was also performed to investigate the effect of PTL in treating tissue damage on neuropathic pain caused by PTX treatment. When the obtained data were analyzed, pain threshold and locomotor activity decreased in PTX and sham groups and increased with PTL treatment. In addition, it was observed that the expression of the Hcn2, Trpa1, and Scn9a genes decreased while the Kcns1 gene expression increased. When protein levels were examined, it was determined that SCN9A protein expression decreased and the KCNS1 protein level increased. It was determined that PTL treatment also improved PTX-induced tissue damage. The results of this study demonstrate that non-opioid PTL is an effective therapeutic agent in the treatment of chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain, especially when used at a dose of 4 mg/kg acting on sodium and potassium channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emine Toraman
- Science Faculty, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Atatürk University, 25240, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - Cemil Bayram
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - Selma Sezen
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen University, Ağrı, Türkiye
| | - Mustafa Özkaraca
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Pathology, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Türkiye
| | - Ahmet Hacımüftüoğlu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - Harun Budak
- Science Faculty, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Atatürk University, 25240, Erzurum, Türkiye.
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Xu S, Yi Y, Wang Y, Wang P, Zhao Y, Feng W. Dexmedetomidine Alleviates Neuropathic Pain via the TRPC6-p38 MAPK Pathway in the Dorsal Root Ganglia of Rats. J Pain Res 2022; 15:2437-2448. [PMID: 36016537 PMCID: PMC9397435 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s378893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Neuropathic pain is a chronic intractable disease characterized by allodynia and hyperalgesia. Effective treatments are unavailable because of the complicated mechanisms of neuropathic pain. Transient receptor potential canonical 6 (TRPC6) is a nonselective calcium (Ca2+)-channel protein related to hyperalgesia. Dexmedetomidine (Dex) is an alpha-2 (α2) adrenoreceptor agonist that mediates intracellular Ca2+ levels to alleviate pain. However, the relationship between TRPC6 and Dex is currently unclear. We speculated that the α2 receptor agonist would be closely linked to the TRPC6 channel. We aimed to investigate whether Dex relieves neuropathic pain by the TRPC6 pathway in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG). Methods The chronic constriction injury (CCI) model was established in male rats, and we evaluated the mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT) and thermal withdrawal latency (TWL). The expression of TRPC6 and Iba-1 in the DRG were analyzed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, and immunofluorescence assay. The levels of inflammatory cytokines were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Compared with the CCI normal saline group, both the MWT and TWL were significantly improved after 7 days of Dex administration. Results demonstrated that TRPC6 expression was increased in the DRG following CCI but was suppressed by Dex. In addition, multiple administrations of Dex inhibited the phosphorylation level of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and the upregulation of neuroinflammatory factors. Conclusion The results of this study demonstrated that Dex exhibits anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties in a neuropathic pain model. Moreover, our findings of the CCI model suggested that Dex has an inhibitory effect on TRPC6 expression in the DRG by decreasing the phosphorylation level of p38 in the DRG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songchao Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yusheng Yi
- Department of Algology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanting Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
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Rotpenpian N, Yakkaphan P. Review of Literatures: Physiology of Orofacial Pain in Dentistry. eNeuro 2021; 8:ENEURO. [PMID: 33820801 DOI: 10.1523/ENEURO.0535-20.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this review of the literature is to summarize the physiology of orofacial pain in dentistry, particularly physiology of the pain pathway and molecular mechanisms on pathophysiology of pain, on account of new insights into classification of orofacial pain related diseases. This article will also focus on possible mechanisms of neuropathic orofacial pain which is distinguished from other types of pain.
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Qiu J, Zhang L, Hong J, Ni X, Li J, Li G, Zhang G. Magnolol inhibits sodium currents in freshly isolated mouse dorsal root ganglion neurons. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2020; 48:347-354. [PMID: 33064853 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) currents in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons contain mainly TTX-sensitive (TTX-S) and TTX-resistant (TTX-R) Na+ currents. Magnolol (Mag), a hydroxylated biphenyl compound isolated from the bark of Magnolia officinalis, has been well documented to exhibit analgesic effects, but its mechanism is not yet fully understood. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the antinociceptive effects of Mag is through inhibition of Na+ currents. Na+ currents in freshly isolated mouse DRG neurons were recorded with the whole cell patch clamp technique. Results showed that Mag inhibited TTX-S and TTX-R Na+ currents in a concentration-dependent manner. The IC50 values for block of TTX-S and TTX-R Na+ currents were 9.4 and 7.0 μmol/L, respectively. Therefore, TTX-R Na+ current was more susceptible to Mag than TTX-S Na+ current. For TTX-S Na+ channel, 10 μmol/L Mag shifted the steady state inactivation curve toward more negative by 9.8 mV, without affecting the activation curve. For TTX-R Na+ channel, 7 μmol/L Mag shifted the steady state activation and inactivation curves toward more positive and negative potentials by 6.5 and 11.7 mV, respectively. In addition, Mag significantly postponed recovery of TTX-S and TTX-R Na+ currents from inactivation, and produced frequency dependent blocks of both subtypes of Na+ currents. These results suggest that the inhibitory effects of Mag on Na+ channels may contribute to its analgesic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Qiu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lulu Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiangru Hong
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao Ni
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cardiovascular Research of Southwest, Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jun Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cardiovascular Research of Southwest, Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Guang Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cardiovascular Research of Southwest, Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Guangqin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Pawitan JA, Margiana R, Aman RA, Jusuf AA, Ibrahim N, Wibowo H. The effect of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell conditioned medium on the peripheral nerve regeneration of injured rats. Electron J Gen Med 2019. [DOI: 10.29333/ejgm/115468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Giacoppo S, Iori R, Bramanti P, Mazzon E. Topical moringin-cream relieves neuropathic pain by suppression of inflammatory pathway and voltage-gated ion channels in murine model of multiple sclerosis. Mol Pain 2018; 13:1744806917724318. [PMID: 28741431 PMCID: PMC5555508 DOI: 10.1177/1744806917724318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neuropathic pain represents the major public health burden with a strong impact on quality life in multiple sclerosis patients. Although some advances have been obtained in the last years, the conventional therapies remain poorly effective. Thus, the discovery of innovative approaches to improve the outcomes for multiple sclerosis patients is a goal of primary importance. With this aim, we investigated the efficacy of the 4-(α−L-rhamnopyranosyloxy)benzyl isothiocyanate (moringin), purified from Moringa oleifera seeds and ready-to-use as topical treatment in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, murine model of multiple sclerosis. Female C57BL/6 mice immunized with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG35–55) were topically treated with 2% moringin cream twice daily from the onset of the symptoms until the sacrifice occurred about 21 days after experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis induction. Results Our observations showed the efficacy of 2% moringin cream treatment in reducing clinical and histological disease score, as well as in alleviating neuropathic pain with consequent recovering of the hind limbs and response to mechanical stimuli. In particular, Western blot analysis and immunohistochemical evaluations revealed that 2% moringin cream was able to counteract the inflammatory cascade by reducing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-17 and interferon-γ) and in parallel by increasing the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine (interleukin-10). Interestingly, 2% moringin cream treatment was found to modulate the expression of voltage-gated ion channels (results focused on P2X7, Nav 1.7, Nav 1.8 KV4.2, and α2δ-1) as well as metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR5 and xCT) involved in neuropathic pain initiation and maintenance. Conclusions Finally, our evidences suggest 2% moringin cream as a new pharmacological trend in the management of multiple sclerosis-induced neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Giacoppo
- RCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, Messina, Italy
| | - Renato Iori
- Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria, Centro di ricerca Agricoltura e Ambiente (CREA-AA), Bologna, Italy
| | - Placido Bramanti
- RCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, Messina, Italy
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Liang X, Yu G, Su R. Effects of ralfinamide in models of nerve injury and chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 823:27-34. [PMID: 29408090 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is among the most common and difficult-to-treat types of chronic pain and is associated with sodium channel malfunction. The sodium channel blocker ralfinamide has exhibited potent analgesic effects in several preclinical pain models and in patients with mixed neuropathic pain syndromes (Phase II trials), but it failed to ameliorate neuropathic low back pain in Phase III trials. It is unclear whether ralfinamide is effective against neuropathic pain induced by specified etiologies. In the present study, the antinociceptive effects of ralfinamide in neuropathic pain models induced by spared nerve injury and chemotherapy were compared in a gabapentin-controlled manner. The effects of ralfinamide on physiological pain were evaluated in mechanical withdrawal, hot plate, and acetic acid writhing tests. We also investigated the effects of ralfinamide on cardiovascular function and locomotor activity. Oral ralfinamide dose-dependently alleviated spared nerve injury-induced allodynia in rats and mice. Ralfinamide increased mechanical withdrawal thresholds in oxaliplatin-induced and paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain. Ralfinamide did not affect physiological pain, locomotion, or cardiovascular function. Together, ralfinamide attenuated mechanical allodynia in all the neuropathic pain models tested, with subtle differences in efficacy. The effect of ralfinamide is comparable to that of gabapentin, but with no interference in basal mechanical sensitivity. The present study supports the effectiveness of selective sodium channel blockade as an analgesic strategy, as well as the development of compounds similar to ralfinamide.
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Zeng X, Li P, Chen B, Huang J, Lai R, Liu J, Rong M. Selective Closed-State Nav1.7 Blocker JZTX-34 Exhibits Analgesic Effects against Pain. Toxins (Basel) 2018; 10:toxins10020064. [PMID: 29393892 PMCID: PMC5848165 DOI: 10.3390/toxins10020064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Jingzhaotoxin-34 (JZTX-34) is a selective inhibitor of tetrodotoxin-sensitive (TTX-S) sodium channels. In this study, we found that JZTX-34 selectively acted on Nav1.7 with little effect on other sodium channel subtypes including Nav1.5. If the DIIS3-S4 linker of Nav1.5 is substituted by the correspond linker of Nav1.7, the sensitivity of Nav1.5 to JZTX-34 extremely increases to 1.05 µM. Meanwhile, a mutant D816R in the DIIS3-S4 linker of Nav1.7 decreases binding affinity of Nav1.7 to JZTX-34 about 32-fold. The reverse mutant R800D at the corresponding position in Nav1.5 greatly increased its binding affinity to JZTX-34. This implies that JZTX-34 binds to DIIS3-S4 linker of Nav1.7 and the critical residue of Nav1.7 is D816. Unlike β-scorpion toxin trapping sodium channel in an open state, activity of JZTX-34 requires the sodium channel to be in a resting state. JZTX-34 exhibits an obvious analgesic effect in a rodent pain model. Especially, it shows a longer duration and is more effective than morphine in hot pain models. In a formalin-induced pain model, JZTX-34 at dose of 2 mg/kg is equipotent with morphine (5 mg/kg) in the first phase and several-fold more effective than morphine in second phase. Taken together, our data indicate that JZTX-34 releases pain by selectively binding to the domain II voltage sensor of Nav1.7 in a closed configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiongzhi Zeng
- The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China.
| | - Pengpeng Li
- Life Sciences College of Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Bo Chen
- The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China.
| | - Juan Huang
- The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China.
| | - Ren Lai
- Life Sciences College of Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Jiangsu, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming 650223, Yunnan, China.
| | - Jingze Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China.
| | - Mingqiang Rong
- The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China.
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Chen Y, Tsaur M, Wang S, Wang T, Hung Y, Lin C, Chang Y, Wang Y, Shiue S, Cheng J. Chronic intrathecal infusion of mibefradil, ethosuximide and nickel attenuates nerve ligation-induced pain in rats. Br J Anaesth 2015; 115:105-111. [DOI: 10.1093/bja/aev198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
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Pergolizzi J, Ahlbeck K, Aldington D, Alon E, Coluzzi F, Dahan A, Huygen F, Kocot-Kępska M, Mangas AC, Mavrocordatos P, Morlion B, Müller-Schwefe G, Nicolaou A, Pérez Hernández C, Sichère P, Schäfer M, Varrassi G. The development of chronic pain: physiological CHANGE necessitates a multidisciplinary approach to treatment. Curr Med Res Opin 2013; 29:1127-35. [PMID: 23786498 PMCID: PMC3793283 DOI: 10.1185/03007995.2013.810615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Chronic pain is currently under-diagnosed and under-treated, partly because doctors' training in pain management is often inadequate. This situation looks certain to become worse with the rapidly increasing elderly population unless there is a wider adoption of best pain management practice. This paper reviews current knowledge of the development of chronic pain and the multidisciplinary team approach to pain therapy. The individual topics covered include nociceptive and neuropathic pain, peripheral sensitization, central sensitization, the definition and diagnosis of chronic pain, the biopsychosocial model of pain and the multidisciplinary approach to pain management. This last section includes an example of the implementation of a multidisciplinary approach in Belgium and describes the various benefits it offers; for example, the early multidimensional diagnosis of chronic pain and rapid initiation of evidence-based therapy based on an individual treatment plan. The patient also receives continuity of care, while pain relief is accompanied by improvements in physical functioning, quality of life and emotional stress. Other benefits include decreases in catastrophizing, self-reported patient disability, and depression. Improved training in pain management is clearly needed, starting with the undergraduate medical curriculum, and this review is intended to encourage further study by those who manage patients with chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Pergolizzi
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Pollema-Mays SL, Centeno MV, Ashford CJ, Apkarian AV, Martina M. Expression of background potassium channels in rat DRG is cell-specific and down-regulated in a neuropathic pain model. Mol Cell Neurosci 2013; 57:1-9. [PMID: 23994814 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2013.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2012] [Revised: 07/30/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is associated with hyperexcitability of DRG neurons. Despite the importance of leakage potassium channels for neuronal excitability, little is known about their cell-specific expression in DRGs and possible modulation in neuropathic pain. Multiple leakage channels are expressed in DRG neurons, including TASK1, TASK3, TRESK, TRAAK, TWIK1, TREK1 and TREK2 but little is known about their distribution among different cell types. Our immunohistochemical studies show robust TWIK1 expression in large and medium size neurons, without overlap with TRPV1 or IB4 staining. TASK1 and TASK3, on the contrary, are selectively expressed in small cells; TASK1 expression closely overlaps TRPV1-positive cells, while TASK3 is expressed in TRPV1- and IB4-negative cells. We also studied mRNA expression of these channels in L4-L5 DRGs in control conditions and up to 4 weeks after spared nerve injury lesion. We found that TWIK1 expression is much higher than TASK1 and TASK3 and is strongly decreased 1, 2 and 4 weeks after neuropathic injury. TASK3 expression, on the other hand, decreases 1 week after surgery but reverts to baseline by 2weeks; TASK1 shows no significant change at any time point. These data suggest an involvement of TWIK1 in the maintenance of the pain condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L Pollema-Mays
- Department of Physiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 E Chicago Ave., Chicago, IL 60611, United States
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Nantermet PG, Henze DA. Recent Advances Toward Pain Therapeutics. Elsevier; 2011. pp. 19-32. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-386009-5.00025-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark I Kemp
- Pfizer Global Research & Development, Sandwich, Kent, UK
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Norcini M, Vivoli E, Galeotti N, Bianchi E, Bartolini A, Ghelardini C. Supraspinal role of protein kinase C in oxaliplatin-induced neuropathy in rat. Pain 2009; 146:141-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2009.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2009] [Revised: 05/22/2009] [Accepted: 07/14/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Abstract
Drugs that block voltage-gated sodium channels are efficacious in the management of neuropathic pain. Accordingly, this class of ion channels has been a major focus of analgesic research both in academia and in the pharmaceutical/biotechnology industry. In this article, we review the history of the use of sodium channel blockers, describe the current status of sodium channel drug discovery, highlight the challenges and hurdles to attain sodium channel subtype selectivity, and review the potential usefulness of selective sodium channel blockers in neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anindya Bhattacharya
- grid.417429.dPain & Related Disorders Team, Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, LLC, 3210 Merryfield Row, 92121 San Diego, CA
| | - Alan D. Wickenden
- grid.417429.dPain & Related Disorders Team, Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, LLC, 3210 Merryfield Row, 92121 San Diego, CA
| | - Sandra R. Chaplan
- grid.417429.dPain & Related Disorders Team, Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, LLC, 3210 Merryfield Row, 92121 San Diego, CA
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Whalley BJ, Stephens GJ, Constanti A. Investigation of the effects of the novel anticonvulsant compound carisbamate (RWJ-333369) on rat piriform cortical neurones in vitro. Br J Pharmacol 2009; 156:994-1008. [PMID: 19226287 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2008.00110.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Carisbamate is being developed for adjuvant treatment of partial onset epilepsy. Carisbamate produces anticonvulsant effects in primary generalized, complex partial and absence-type seizure models, and exhibits neuroprotective and antiepileptogenic properties in rodent epilepsy models. Phase IIb clinical trials of carisbamate demonstrated efficacy against partial onset seizures; however, its mechanisms of action remain unknown. Here, we report the effects of carisbamate on membrane properties, evoked and spontaneous synaptic transmission and induced epileptiform discharges in layer II-III neurones in piriform cortical brain slices. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Effects of carisbamate were investigated in rat piriform cortical neurones by using intracellular electrophysiological recordings. KEY RESULTS Carisbamate (50-400 micromol x L(-1)) reversibly decreased amplitude, duration and rise-time of evoked action potentials and inhibited repetitive firing, consistent with use-dependent Na+ channel block; 150-400 micromol x L(-1) carisbamate reduced neuronal input resistance, without altering membrane potential. After microelectrode intracellular Cl(-) loading, carisbamate depolarized cells, an effect reversed by picrotoxin. Carisbamate (100-400 micromol x L(-1)) also selectively depressed lateral olfactory tract-afferent evoked excitatory synaptic transmission (opposed by picrotoxin), consistent with activation of a presynaptic Cl(-) conductance. Lidocaine (40-320 micromol x L(-1)) mimicked carisbamate, implying similar modes of action. Carisbamate (300-600 micromol x L(-1)) had no effect on spontaneous GABA(A) miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents and at lower concentrations (50-200 micromol x L(-1)) inhibited Mg2+-free or 4-aminopyridine-induced seizure-like discharges. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Carisbamate blocked evoked action potentials use-dependently, consistent with a primary action on Na+ channels and increased Cl(-) conductances presynaptically and, under certain conditions, postsynaptically to selectively depress excitatory neurotransmission in piriform cortical layer Ia-afferent terminals.
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Affiliation(s)
- B J Whalley
- Reading School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, UK.
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Current World Literature. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 2008; 21:684-693. [DOI: 10.1097/aco.0b013e328312c01b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Current world literature. Curr Opin Neurol 2008; 21:615-24. [PMID: 18769258 DOI: 10.1097/WCO.0b013e32830fb782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Huang ZJ, Song XJ. Differing alterations of sodium currents in small dorsal root ganglion neurons after ganglion compression and peripheral nerve injury. Mol Pain 2008; 4:20. [PMID: 18513405 PMCID: PMC2427019 DOI: 10.1186/1744-8069-4-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2008] [Accepted: 05/30/2008] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium channels play important roles in modulating dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neuron hyperexcitability and hyperalgesia after peripheral nerve injury or inflammation. We report that chronic compression of DRG (CCD) produces profound effect on tetrodotoxin-resistant (TTX-R) and tetrodotoxin-sensitive (TTX-S) sodium currents, which are different from that by chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve in small DRG neurons. Whole cell patch-clamp recordings were obtained in vitro from L4 and/or L5 dissociated, small DRG neurons following in vivo DRG compression or nerve injury. The small DRG neurons were classified into slow and fast subtype neurons based on expression of the slow-inactivating TTX-R and fast-inactivating TTX-S Na+ currents. CCD treatment significantly reduced TTX-R and TTX-S current densities in the slow and fast neurons, but CCI selectively reduced the TTX-R and TTX-S current densities in the slow neurons. Changes in half-maximal potential (V1/2) and curve slope (k) of steady-state inactivation of Na+ currents were different in the slow and fast neurons after CCD and CCI treatment. The window current of TTX-R and TTX-S currents in fast neurons were enlarged by CCD and CCI, while only that of TTX-S currents in slow neurons was increased by CCI. The decay rate of TTX-S and both TTX-R and TTX-S currents in fast neurons were reduced by CCD and CCI, respectively. These findings provide a possible sodium channel mechanism underlying CCD-induced DRG neuron hyperexcitability and hyperalgesia and demonstrate a differential effect in the Na+ currents of small DRG neurons after somata compression and peripheral nerve injury. This study also points to a complexity of hyperexcitability mechanisms contributing to CCD and CCI hyperexcitability in small DRG neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Jiang Huang
- Department of Neurobiology, Parker University Research Institute, Dallas, TX 75229, USA.
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Drizin I, Gregg RJ, Scanio MJC, Shi L, Gross MF, Atkinson RN, Thomas JB, Johnson MS, Carroll WA, Marron BE, Chapman ML, Liu D, Krambis MJ, Shieh CC, Zhang X, Hernandez G, Gauvin DM, Mikusa JP, Zhu CZ, Joshi S, Honore P, Marsh KC, Roeloffs R, Werness S, Krafte DS, Jarvis MF, Faltynek CR, Kort ME. Discovery of potent furan piperazine sodium channel blockers for treatment of neuropathic pain. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:6379-86. [PMID: 18501613 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2008] [Revised: 04/30/2008] [Accepted: 05/02/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and pharmacological characterization of a novel furan-based class of voltage-gated sodium channel blockers is reported. Compounds were evaluated for their ability to block the tetrodotoxin-resistant sodium channel Na(v)1.8 (PN3) as well as the Na(v)1.2 and Na(v)1.5 subtypes. Benchmark compounds from this series possessed enhanced potency, oral bioavailability, and robust efficacy in a rodent model of neuropathic pain, together with improved CNS and cardiovascular safety profiles compared to the clinically used sodium channel blockers mexiletine and lamotrigine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Drizin
- Neuroscience Research, Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL 60064, USA.
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Joseph EK, Chen X, Bogen O, Levine JD. Oxaliplatin Acts on IB4-Positive Nociceptors to Induce an Oxidative Stress-Dependent Acute Painful Peripheral Neuropathy. The Journal of Pain 2008; 9:463-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2008.01.335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2007] [Revised: 01/22/2008] [Accepted: 01/24/2008] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Hagenacker T, Büsselberg D. Modulation of intracellular calcium influences capsaicin-induced currents of TRPV-1and voltage-activated channel currents in nociceptive neurones. J Peripher Nerv Syst 2007; 12:277-84. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1529-8027.2007.00149.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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