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Alzahrani RS, Alzahrani M, Shuraim W, Aldibasi O, Albarrak K, Habib A, Ahmed M, Alsadi H, Alahmari B, Alsaedy A, Bosaeed M. Outcome of Respiratory Viral Infections in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients. Transplant Proc 2024; 56:186-190. [PMID: 38242760 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2023.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Respiratory viral infections (RVIs) commonly cause morbidity and mortality in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients. This study aimed at the prevalence of RVIs in adult HSCT recipients and their outcomes. METHODS A retrospective observational cohort study was conducted on all adult patients who underwent HSCT in the period between January 2016 and December 2020. Data were retrospectively abstracted from electronic medical records from a total of 400 patients. All cases with polymerase chain reaction-confirmed RVIs based on real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction were included in the data analysis. RESULT A total of 79 patients had positive results. Sixty-three patients had allogeneic stem cell transplants. Women were 53% of the patients, and the mean age was 32 years (±13.5). The prevalence of documented respiratory virus infections was around 20% during the 4 years of the study. The most common virus was rhinovirus (60.76%), followed by respiratory syncytial virus (15.19%), then parainfluenza (11.39%). Among the 9 patients (11%) who required intensive care unit admission, 67% had lymphopenia (P = .03), 71% had abnormal chest computed tomography scan with pleural effusion (P = .03), 22% required renal support (P = .057), and 2 patients (22%) died (P = .057). CONCLUSIONS The study highlights the associated morbidity and mortality with RVIs among HSCT recipients and the need for more preventive measures and treatment studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahmah S Alzahrani
- Infectious Diseases Division, Internal Medicine Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohsen Alzahrani
- Divisions of Adult Hematology and SCT, Department of Oncology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wadi Shuraim
- Infectious Diseases Division, Internal Medicine Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Aldibasi
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled Albarrak
- Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Habib
- Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazen Ahmed
- Divisions of Adult Hematology and SCT, Department of Oncology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Husam Alsadi
- Divisions of Adult Hematology and SCT, Department of Oncology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bader Alahmari
- Divisions of Adult Hematology and SCT, Department of Oncology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Alsaedy
- Infectious Diseases Division, Internal Medicine Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Bosaeed
- Infectious Diseases Division, Internal Medicine Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Amer R, Salameh H, Mosleh S, Abu-Taha A, Hamayel H, Enaya A, Adas A, Khursani A, Wild-Ali M, Mousa T, Battat M, Daifallah A, Koni A, Shawahna R. Epidemiology of early infections and predictors of mortality after autologous hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation among multiple myeloma, Hodgkin, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma: the first experience from Palestine. BMC Infect Dis 2022; 22:725. [PMID: 36071381 PMCID: PMC9449926 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07709-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Autologous hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) is the standard of care in many relapsed and refractory lymphoid malignancy, neuroblastoma, and multiple myeloma (MM). This study was conducted to describe the epidemiology of early infections that occurred within the first 100 days among patients who received HSCT for MM, Hodgkin (HL), and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in Palestine. Methods This study was conducted in a retrospective cohort design in the only autologous HSCT in Palestine in the period between 2014 and 2021. The medical records of the patients were reviewed to identify and collect demographic, clinical, and microbiological data on bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitic infections as diagnosed by cultures, polymerase chain reaction, and fluorescent antibody testing. Results A total of 145 patients were included in this study (median age = 44.0 [28.0, 53.5] years). Of those, 8 (5.5%) were younger than 18 years, 69 (47.6%) had MM, 53 (36.6%) had HL, and 23 (15.9%) had NHL. The source of fever had no focus in the majority of the cases 82 (56.6%), 12 (8.3%) had bloodstream infections, 8 (5.5%) had colitis, and 7.6 (5.0%) had pneumonia. Patients from whom gram-negative bacteria were isolated stayed in the hospital for longer duration compared to the other patients (median = 21.0 [19.0, 25.0] vs. 18.0 [15.0, 22.0] days, p-value = 0.043, respectively). The cumulative incidence of death in the first 100 days after infusion of stem cells was 3.4%. The cumulative incidence of death in the first 100 days post-transplantation was higher for patients with NHL compared to those with HL and MM (p-value = 0.017). Gram-negative and fungal infections were strong predictors of mortality. Conclusion Bacterial gram-positive and gram-negative infections were the most common early infections among patients who underwent autologous HSCT for hematological malignancies (HM) in the only center in Palestine. The findings of this study are informative to healthcare providers and planners of care for patients who are scheduled to receive autologous HSCT for HM. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12879-022-07709-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riad Amer
- Department of Medicine, An-Najah National University Hospital, P.O. Box 7, Nablus, Palestine. .,Hematology and Oncology, An-Najah National University Hospital, Nablus, Palestine.
| | - Husam Salameh
- Department of Medicine, An-Najah National University Hospital, P.O. Box 7, Nablus, Palestine. .,Hematology and Oncology, An-Najah National University Hospital, Nablus, Palestine.
| | - Sultan Mosleh
- Department of Medicine, An-Najah National University Hospital, P.O. Box 7, Nablus, Palestine.,Hematology and Oncology, An-Najah National University Hospital, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Adham Abu-Taha
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Hamza Hamayel
- Internal Medicine, An-Najah National University Hospital, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Ahmad Enaya
- Internal Medicine, An-Najah National University Hospital, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Amro Adas
- Internal Medicine, An-Najah National University Hospital, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Ahmad Khursani
- Hematology and Oncology, An-Najah National University Hospital, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Mohamad Wild-Ali
- Hematology and Oncology, An-Najah National University Hospital, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Taghreed Mousa
- Hematology and Oncology, An-Najah National University Hospital, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Maher Battat
- Hematology and Oncology, An-Najah National University Hospital, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Aiman Daifallah
- Internal Medicine, An-Najah National University Hospital, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Amer Koni
- Internal Medicine, An-Najah National University Hospital, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Ramzi Shawahna
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.,An-Najah BioSciences Unit, Centre for Poisons Control, Chemical and Biological Analyses, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
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