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Kusoom W, Krongyuth S. Lived Experiences Among Critically Ill and Near-Death Survivors Relating to the COVID-19 Infection: A Phenomenological Study. J Transcult Nurs 2024; 35:199-206. [PMID: 38356269 DOI: 10.1177/10436596241229487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in severe illnesses worldwide. Around 655.5 million cases were having been confirmed, including 6.6 million deaths. The extreme cases experienced near death in the intensive care unit (ICU). This study explored the survivors' experience of being near death while critically ill with the infection. METHODOLOGY A descriptive phenomenological study was employed. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with 14 participants from Northeastern Thailand. Content analysis was applied by using Creswell's strategy. RESULTS Four themes emerged: (a) anxiety and fear of dying alone, (b) environmental chaos, (c) using Thai Buddhist teaching in coping, and (d) returning from the brink of death. Moreover, the patients felt great gratitude and were grateful to the health care team. DISCUSSION Traumas experienced by patients in the ICU included physical and psychological distress, coping strategies, and an understanding of cultural awareness. CONCLUSION Psychological and culturally congruent care should be implemented for patients in the ICU.
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Silva Junior DDN, de Sousa Mata ÁN, Silva de Medeiros GCB, Marques MV, dos Santos TT, de Sousa Monteiro ME, Costa GG, d´Orsi E, Parra EV, Piuvezam G. Factors associated with mortality of elderly people due to COVID-19: Protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0289576. [PMID: 38635760 PMCID: PMC11025961 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The COVID-19 pandemic has become a significant health crisis, marked by high mortality rates on a global scale, with mortality from the disease being notably concentrated among the elderly due to various factors. OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the biological and non-biological factors associated with COVID-19 mortality rates among the elderly worldwide. METHODS The following databases will be consulted: PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science and ScienceDirect. Longitudinal observational studies (cohort and case-control-risk factors) will be included. The risk of bias, defined as low, moderate, high, will be assessed using the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Quality Assessment Tool for observational cohort and cross-sectional studies. Two independent authors will conduct the searches, and any possible disagreements will be resolved by a third author. Heterogeneity between study results will be assessed using a standard X2 test with a significance level of 0.05, and an I2 value will be calculated to further assess heterogeneity. The random effects model for meta-analyses will be adopted to distribute the weight between the studies and standardize their contributions. The meta-analyses will be conducted using RevMan software. DISCUSSION Despite the numerous publications on COVID-19 mortality among the elderly, there is still a gap in knowledge, as there is no systematic review and meta-analysis that summarizes the main biological and non-biological associated factors globally. CONCLUSION The results of this study will consolidate the latest evidence and address gaps in the overall understanding of biological or non-biological associated factors. This knowledge will facilitate the development of appropriate health strategies for this demographic group and pave the way for further research. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO (CRD42023400873).
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyllo do Nascimento Silva Junior
- Postgraduate Program of Public Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Laboratory (Lab-Sys/CNPq), UFRN, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Ádala Nayana de Sousa Mata
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Laboratory (Lab-Sys/CNPq), UFRN, Natal, RN, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Education, Work and Innovation in Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (PPGETIM), UFRN, Caicó, RN, Brazil
- Multicampi School of Medical Sciences of Rio Grande do Norte, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Caicó, RN, Brazil
| | - Gidyenne Christine Bandeira Silva de Medeiros
- Postgraduate Program of Public Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Laboratory (Lab-Sys/CNPq), UFRN, Natal, RN, Brazil
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Marilane Vilela Marques
- Postgraduate Program of Public Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Laboratory (Lab-Sys/CNPq), UFRN, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Thais Teixeira dos Santos
- Postgraduate Program of Public Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Laboratory (Lab-Sys/CNPq), UFRN, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Maria Eduarda de Sousa Monteiro
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Laboratory (Lab-Sys/CNPq), UFRN, Natal, RN, Brazil
- Multicampi School of Medical Sciences of Rio Grande do Norte, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Caicó, RN, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Góis Costa
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Laboratory (Lab-Sys/CNPq), UFRN, Natal, RN, Brazil
- Multicampi School of Medical Sciences of Rio Grande do Norte, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Caicó, RN, Brazil
| | - Eleonora d´Orsi
- Department of Public Health, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Eva Vegue Parra
- Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, Spain
| | - Grasiela Piuvezam
- Postgraduate Program of Public Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Laboratory (Lab-Sys/CNPq), UFRN, Natal, RN, Brazil
- Department of Public Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
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Ledesma JR, Ma J, Zhang M, Basting AVL, Chu HT, Vongpradith A, Novotney A, LeGrand KE, Xu YY, Dai X, Nicholson SI, Stafford LK, Carter A, Ross JM, Abbastabar H, Abdoun M, Abdulah DM, Aboagye RG, Abolhassani H, Abrha WA, Abubaker Ali H, Abu-Gharbieh E, Aburuz S, Addo IY, Adepoju AV, Adhikari K, Adnani QES, Adra S, Afework A, Aghamiri S, Agyemang-Duah W, Ahinkorah BO, Ahmad D, Ahmad S, Ahmadzade AM, Ahmed H, Ahmed M, Ahmed A, Akinosoglou K, AL-Ahdal TMA, Alam N, Albashtawy M, AlBataineh MT, Al-Gheethi AAS, Ali A, Ali EA, Ali L, Ali Z, Ali SSS, Allel K, Altaf A, Al-Tawfiq JA, Alvis-Guzman N, Alvis-Zakzuk NJ, Amani R, Amusa GA, Amzat J, Andrews JR, Anil A, Anwer R, Aravkin AY, Areda D, Artamonov AA, Aruleba RT, Asemahagn MA, Atre SR, Aujayeb A, Azadi D, Azadnajafabad S, Azzam AY, Badar M, Badiye AD, Bagherieh S, Bahadorikhalili S, Baig AA, Banach M, Banik B, Bardhan M, Barqawi HJ, Basharat Z, Baskaran P, Basu S, Beiranvand M, Belete MA, Belew MA, Belgaumi UI, Beloukas A, Bettencourt PJG, Bhagavathula AS, Bhardwaj N, Bhardwaj P, Bhargava A, Bhat V, Bhatti JS, Bhatti GK, Bikbov B, Bitra VR, Bjegovic-Mikanovic V, Buonsenso D, Burkart K, Bustanji Y, Butt ZA, Camargos P, Cao Y, Carr S, Carvalho F, Cegolon L, Cenderadewi M, Cevik M, Chahine Y, Chattu VK, Ching PR, Chopra H, Chung E, Claassens MM, Coberly K, Cruz-Martins N, Dabo B, Dadana S, Dadras O, Darban I, Darega Gela J, Darwesh AM, Dashti M, Demessa BH, Demisse B, Demissie S, Derese AMA, Deribe K, Desai HD, Devanbu VGC, Dhali A, Dhama K, Dhingra S, Do THP, Dongarwar D, Dsouza HL, Dube J, Dziedzic AM, Ed-Dra A, Efendi F, Effendi DE, Eftekharimehrabad A, Ekadinata N, Ekundayo TC, Elhadi M, Elilo LT, Emeto TI, Engelbert Bain L, Fagbamigbe AF, Fahim A, Feizkhah A, Fetensa G, Fischer F, Gaipov A, Gandhi AP, Gautam RK, Gebregergis MW, Gebrehiwot M, Gebrekidan KG, Ghaffari K, Ghassemi F, Ghazy RM, Goodridge A, Goyal A, Guan SY, Gudeta MD, Guled RA, Gultom NB, Gupta VB, Gupta VK, Gupta S, Hagins H, Hailu SG, Hailu WB, Hamidi S, Hanif A, Harapan H, Hasan RS, Hassan S, Haubold J, Hezam K, Hong SH, Horita N, Hossain MB, Hosseinzadeh M, Hostiuc M, Hostiuc S, Huynh HH, Ibitoye SE, Ikuta KS, Ilic IM, Ilic MD, Islam MR, Ismail NE, Ismail F, Jafarzadeh A, Jakovljevic M, Jalili M, Janodia MD, Jomehzadeh N, Jonas JB, Joseph N, Joshua CE, Kabir Z, Kamble BD, Kanchan T, Kandel H, Kanmodi KK, Kantar RS, Karaye IM, Karimi Behnagh A, Kassa GG, Kaur RJ, Kaur N, Khajuria H, Khamesipour F, Khan YH, Khan MN, Khan Suheb MZ, Khatab K, Khatami F, Kim MS, Kosen S, Koul PA, Koulmane Laxminarayana SL, Krishan K, Kucuk Bicer B, Kuddus MA, Kulimbet M, Kumar N, Lal DK, Landires I, Latief K, Le TDT, Le TTT, Ledda C, Lee M, Lee SW, Lerango TL, Lim SS, Liu C, Liu X, Lopukhov PD, Luo H, Lv H, Mahajan PB, Mahboobipour AA, Majeed A, Malakan Rad E, Malhotra K, Malik MSA, Malinga LA, Mallhi TH, Manilal A, Martinez-Guerra BA, Martins-Melo FR, Marzo RR, Masoumi-Asl H, Mathur V, Maude RJ, Mehrotra R, Memish ZA, Mendoza W, Menezes RG, Merza MA, Mestrovic T, Mhlanga L, Misra S, Misra AK, Mithra P, Moazen B, Mohammed H, Mokdad AH, Monasta L, Moore CE, Mousavi P, Mulita F, Musaigwa F, Muthusamy R, Nagarajan AJ, Naghavi P, Naik GR, Naik G, Nair S, Nair TS, Natto ZS, Nayak BP, Negash H, Nguyen DH, Nguyen VT, Niazi RK, Nnaji CA, Nnyanzi LA, Noman EA, Nomura S, Oancea B, Obamiro KO, Odetokun IA, Odo DBO, Odukoya OO, Oh IH, Okereke CO, Okonji OC, Oren E, Ortiz-Brizuela E, Osuagwu UL, Ouyahia A, P A MP, Parija PP, Parikh RR, Park S, Parthasarathi A, Patil S, Pawar S, Peng M, Pepito VCF, Peprah P, Perdigão J, Perico N, Pham HT, Postma MJ, Prabhu ARA, Prasad M, Prashant A, Prates EJS, Rahim F, Rahman M, Rahman MA, Rahmati M, Rajaa S, Ramasamy SK, Rao IR, Rao SJ, Rapaka D, Rashid AM, Ratan ZA, Ravikumar N, Rawaf S, Reddy MMRK, Redwan EMM, Remuzzi G, Reyes LF, Rezaei N, Rezaeian M, Rezahosseini O, Rodrigues M, Roy P, Ruela GDA, Sabour S, Saddik B, Saeed U, Safi SZ, Saheb Sharif-Askari N, Saheb Sharif-Askari F, Sahebkar A, Sahiledengle B, Sahoo SS, Salam N, Salami AA, Saleem S, Saleh MA, Samadi Kafil H, Samadzadeh S, Samodra YL, Sanjeev RK, Saravanan A, Sawyer SM, Selvaraj S, Senapati S, Senthilkumaran S, Shah PA, Shahid S, Shaikh MA, Sham S, Shamshirgaran MA, Shanawaz M, Sharath M, Sherchan SP, Shetty RS, Shirzad-Aski H, Shittu A, Siddig EE, Silva JP, Singh S, Singh P, Singh H, Singh JA, Siraj MS, Siswanto S, Solanki R, Solomon Y, Soriano JB, Sreeramareddy CT, Srivastava VK, Steiropoulos P, Swain CK, Tabuchi T, Tampa M, Tamuzi JJLL, Tat NY, Tavakoli Oliaee R, Teklay G, Tesfaye EG, Tessema B, Thangaraju P, Thapar R, Thum CCC, Ticoalu JHV, Tleyjeh IM, Tobe-Gai R, Toma TM, Tram KH, Udoakang AJ, Umar TP, Umeokonkwo CD, Vahabi SM, Vaithinathan AG, van Boven JFM, Varthya SB, Wang Z, Warsame MSA, Westerman R, Wonde TE, Yaghoubi S, Yi S, Yiğit V, Yon DK, Yonemoto N, Yu C, Zakham F, Zangiabadian M, Zeukeng F, Zhang H, Zhao Y, Zheng P, Zielińska M, Salomon JA, Reiner Jr RC, Naghavi M, Vos T, Hay SI, Murray CJL, Kyu HH. Global, regional, and national age-specific progress towards the 2020 milestones of the WHO End TB Strategy: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Lancet Infect Dis 2024:S1473-3099(24)00007-0. [PMID: 38518787 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(24)00007-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Global evaluations of the progress towards the WHO End TB Strategy 2020 interim milestones on mortality (35% reduction) and incidence (20% reduction) have not been age specific. We aimed to assess global, regional, and national-level burdens of and trends in tuberculosis and its risk factors across five separate age groups, from 1990 to 2021, and to report on age-specific progress between 2015 and 2020. METHODS We used the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2021 (GBD 2021) analytical framework to compute age-specific tuberculosis mortality and incidence estimates for 204 countries and territories (1990-2021 inclusive). We quantified tuberculosis mortality among individuals without HIV co-infection using 22 603 site-years of vital registration data, 1718 site-years of verbal autopsy data, 825 site-years of sample-based vital registration data, 680 site-years of mortality surveillance data, and 9 site-years of minimally invasive tissue sample (MITS) diagnoses data as inputs into the Cause of Death Ensemble modelling platform. Age-specific HIV and tuberculosis deaths were established with a population attributable fraction approach. We analysed all available population-based data sources, including prevalence surveys, annual case notifications, tuberculin surveys, and tuberculosis mortality, in DisMod-MR 2.1 to produce internally consistent age-specific estimates of tuberculosis incidence, prevalence, and mortality. We also estimated age-specific tuberculosis mortality without HIV co-infection that is attributable to the independent and combined effects of three risk factors (smoking, alcohol use, and diabetes). As a secondary analysis, we examined the potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on tuberculosis mortality without HIV co-infection by comparing expected tuberculosis deaths, modelled with trends in tuberculosis deaths from 2015 to 2019 in vital registration data, with observed tuberculosis deaths in 2020 and 2021 for countries with available cause-specific mortality data. FINDINGS We estimated 9·40 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 8·36 to 10·5) tuberculosis incident cases and 1·35 million (1·23 to 1·52) deaths due to tuberculosis in 2021. At the global level, the all-age tuberculosis incidence rate declined by 6·26% (5·27 to 7·25) between 2015 and 2020 (the WHO End TB strategy evaluation period). 15 of 204 countries achieved a 20% decrease in all-age tuberculosis incidence between 2015 and 2020, eight of which were in western sub-Saharan Africa. When stratified by age, global tuberculosis incidence rates decreased by 16·5% (14·8 to 18·4) in children younger than 5 years, 16·2% (14·2 to 17·9) in those aged 5-14 years, 6·29% (5·05 to 7·70) in those aged 15-49 years, 5·72% (4·02 to 7·39) in those aged 50-69 years, and 8·48% (6·74 to 10·4) in those aged 70 years and older, from 2015 to 2020. Global tuberculosis deaths decreased by 11·9% (5·77 to 17·0) from 2015 to 2020. 17 countries attained a 35% reduction in deaths due to tuberculosis between 2015 and 2020, most of which were in eastern Europe (six countries) and central Europe (four countries). There was variable progress by age: a 35·3% (26·7 to 41·7) decrease in tuberculosis deaths in children younger than 5 years, a 29·5% (25·5 to 34·1) decrease in those aged 5-14 years, a 15·2% (10·0 to 20·2) decrease in those aged 15-49 years, a 7·97% (0·472 to 14·1) decrease in those aged 50-69 years, and a 3·29% (-5·56 to 9·07) decrease in those aged 70 years and older. Removing the combined effects of the three attributable risk factors would have reduced the number of all-age tuberculosis deaths from 1·39 million (1·28 to 1·54) to 1·00 million (0·703 to 1·23) in 2020, representing a 36·5% (21·5 to 54·8) reduction in tuberculosis deaths compared to those observed in 2015. 41 countries were included in our analysis of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on tuberculosis deaths without HIV co-infection in 2020, and 20 countries were included in the analysis for 2021. In 2020, 50 900 (95% CI 49 700 to 52 400) deaths were expected across all ages, compared to an observed 45 500 deaths, corresponding to 5340 (4070 to 6920) fewer deaths; in 2021, 39 600 (38 300 to 41 100) deaths were expected across all ages compared to an observed 39 000 deaths, corresponding to 657 (-713 to 2180) fewer deaths. INTERPRETATION Despite accelerated progress in reducing the global burden of tuberculosis in the past decade, the world did not attain the first interim milestones of the WHO End TB Strategy in 2020. The pace of decline has been unequal with respect to age, with older adults (ie, those aged >50 years) having the slowest progress. As countries refine their national tuberculosis programmes and recalibrate for achieving the 2035 targets, they could consider learning from the strategies of countries that achieved the 2020 milestones, as well as consider targeted interventions to improve outcomes in older age groups. FUNDING Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
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Fekete M, Major D, Feher A, Fazekas-Pongor V, Lehoczki A. Geroscience and pathology: a new frontier in understanding age-related diseases. Pathol Oncol Res 2024; 30:1611623. [PMID: 38463143 PMCID: PMC10922957 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2024.1611623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Geroscience, a burgeoning discipline at the intersection of aging and disease, aims to unravel the intricate relationship between the aging process and pathogenesis of age-related diseases. This paper explores the pivotal role played by geroscience in reshaping our understanding of pathology, with a particular focus on age-related diseases. These diseases, spanning cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disorders, malignancies, and neurodegenerative conditions, significantly contribute to the morbidity and mortality of older individuals. We delve into the fundamental cellular and molecular mechanisms underpinning aging, including mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular senescence, and elucidate their profound implications for the pathogenesis of various age-related diseases. Emphasis is placed on the importance of assessing key biomarkers of aging and biological age within the realm of pathology. We also scrutinize the interplay between cellular senescence and cancer biology as a central area of focus, underscoring its paramount significance in contemporary pathological research. Moreover, we shed light on the integration of anti-aging interventions that target fundamental aging processes, such as senolytics, mitochondria-targeted treatments, and interventions that influence epigenetic regulation within the domain of pathology research. In conclusion, the integration of geroscience concepts into pathological research heralds a transformative paradigm shift in our understanding of disease pathogenesis and promises breakthroughs in disease prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Fekete
- Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - David Major
- Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Agnes Feher
- Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Andrea Lehoczki
- Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Departments of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, South Pest Central Hospital, National Institute of Hematology and Infectious Diseases, Saint Ladislaus Campus, Budapest, Hungary
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Đurić-Petković D, Šuljagić V, Begović-Kuprešanin V, Rančić N, Nikolić V. Vaccine Effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 Infection during the Circulation of Alpha, Delta, or Omicron Variants: A Retrospective Cohort Study in a Tertiary Hospital in Serbia. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:211. [PMID: 38400194 PMCID: PMC10893379 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12020211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic prompted rapid vaccine development and deployment worldwide. Despite widespread vaccination efforts, understanding the effectiveness of vaccines in hospitalized patients remains a critical concern. This retrospective cohort study, conducted at a tertiary healthcare centre in Serbia, tracked patients hospitalized during different waves of COVID-19 variants-Alpha, Delta, and Omicron. Data collection included demographics, comorbidities, symptoms, and vaccination status. Among 3593 patients, those with prior exposure to COVID-19 cases or hospital treatment showed higher positivity rates. Symptom prevalence varied across waves, with coughs persisting. Patients without chronic diseases were more frequent among those testing negative. Vaccine effectiveness varied, with Sinopharm demonstrating a 45.6% effectiveness initially and Pfizer-BioNTech showing an effectiveness of up to 74.8% within 0-84 days after the second dose. Mixed-dose strategies, notably Sinopharm as a primary dose followed by a Pfizer-BioNTech booster, suggested increased protection. Despite substantial vaccination availability, a significant portion of hospitalized patients remained unvaccinated. This study underscores the dynamic nature of vaccine effectiveness and advocates for booster strategies to address evolving challenges in combating COVID-19, particularly in hospitalized patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vesna Šuljagić
- Department of Healthcare-Related Infection Control, Military Medical Academy, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Medical Faculty, Military Medical Academy, University of Defence, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (V.B.-K.); (N.R.)
| | - Vesna Begović-Kuprešanin
- Medical Faculty, Military Medical Academy, University of Defence, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (V.B.-K.); (N.R.)
- Clinic for Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Military Medical Academy, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nemanja Rančić
- Medical Faculty, Military Medical Academy, University of Defence, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (V.B.-K.); (N.R.)
- Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, Military Medical Academy, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Nikolić
- Institute of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
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Ungvari Z, Tabák AG, Adany R, Purebl G, Kaposvári C, Fazekas-Pongor V, Csípő T, Szarvas Z, Horváth K, Mukli P, Balog P, Bodizs R, Ujma P, Stauder A, Belsky DW, Kovács I, Yabluchanskiy A, Maier AB, Moizs M, Östlin P, Yon Y, Varga P, Vokó Z, Papp M, Takács I, Vásárhelyi B, Torzsa P, Ferdinandy P, Csiszar A, Benyó Z, Szabó AJ, Dörnyei G, Kivimäki M, Kellermayer M, Merkely B. The Semmelweis Study: a longitudinal occupational cohort study within the framework of the Semmelweis Caring University Model Program for supporting healthy aging. GeroScience 2024; 46:191-218. [PMID: 38060158 PMCID: PMC10828351 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-01018-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The Semmelweis Study is a prospective occupational cohort study that seeks to enroll all employees of Semmelweis University (Budapest, Hungary) aged 25 years and older, with a population of 8866 people, 70.5% of whom are women. The study builds on the successful experiences of the Whitehall II study and aims to investigate the complex relationships between lifestyle, environmental, and occupational risk factors, and the development and progression of chronic age-associated diseases. An important goal of the Semmelweis Study is to identify groups of people who are aging unsuccessfully and therefore have an increased risk of developing age-associated diseases. To achieve this, the study takes a multidisciplinary approach, collecting economic, social, psychological, cognitive, health, and biological data. The Semmelweis Study comprises a baseline data collection with open healthcare data linkage, followed by repeated data collection waves every 5 years. Data are collected through computer-assisted self-completed questionnaires, followed by a physical health examination, physiological measurements, and the assessment of biomarkers. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the Semmelweis Study, including its origin, context, objectives, design, relevance, and expected contributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltan Ungvari
- International Training Program in Geroscience/Healthy Aging Program, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, The Hudson College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
| | - Adam G Tabák
- International Training Program in Geroscience/Healthy Aging Program, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- UCL Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, Faculty of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Roza Adany
- International Training Program in Geroscience/Healthy Aging Program, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- HUN-REN-UD Public Health Research Group, Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - György Purebl
- Institute of Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csilla Kaposvári
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Vince Fazekas-Pongor
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Csípő
- International Training Program in Geroscience/Healthy Aging Program, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsófia Szarvas
- International Training Program in Geroscience/Healthy Aging Program, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, The Hudson College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Krisztián Horváth
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Peter Mukli
- International Training Program in Geroscience/Healthy Aging Program, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Piroska Balog
- Institute of Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Robert Bodizs
- Institute of Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Peter Ujma
- Institute of Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Adrienne Stauder
- Institute of Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Daniel W Belsky
- Robert N. Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Illés Kovács
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Ophthalmology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, NY, USA
- Department of Clinical Ophthalmology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andriy Yabluchanskiy
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, The Hudson College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Andrea B Maier
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Healthy Longevity, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, @AgeAmsterdam, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mariann Moizs
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Ministry of Interior of Hungary, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Yongjie Yon
- WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Péter Varga
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Clinical Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Vokó
- Center for Health Technology Assessment, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Magor Papp
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - István Takács
- UCL Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Barna Vásárhelyi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Torzsa
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Ferdinandy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna Csiszar
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, The Hudson College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Zoltán Benyó
- Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- HUN-REN-SU Cerebrovascular and Neurocognitive Diseases Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila J Szabó
- First Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- HUN-REN-SU Pediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gabriella Dörnyei
- Department of Morphology and Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mika Kivimäki
- UCL Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Miklos Kellermayer
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bela Merkely
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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7
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Xin S, Chen W, Yu Q, Gao L, Lu G. Effect of the number of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination shots on the occurrence of pneumonia, severe pneumonia, and death in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients. Front Public Health 2024; 11:1330106. [PMID: 38259762 PMCID: PMC10800481 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1330106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has posed a significant threat to the lives and health of people worldwide since its onset in 2019. However, the relationship between the number of vaccination shots and the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Chinese patients remains unclear. Methods We retrospectively collected information from 829 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital from December 05, 2022 to March 31, 2023, then divided them into four groups based on the severity of pneumonia. Last, we compared the difference in the number of shots of COVID-19 vaccine between the four groups, considering potential confounding factors using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Results Vaccination with two and three doses was positively associated with low prevalence of pneumonia and severe pneumonia both in crude and optimal models, while only three doses of the vaccine was correlated with low prevalence of death in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients. In optimal models, male SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals with advanced age were positively associated with high prevalence of pneumonia, severe pneumonia, and death; comorbidity with hypertension (OR = 2.532, p < 0.001) was positively associated with high prevalence of pneumonia (OR = 2.532, p < 0.001); and comorbidity with diabetes was positively associated with high prevalence of death (OR = 1.856, p = 0.011). However, this is a cross-sectional study and the causal relationships need to be further studied. Conclusion One dose of vaccine may not have a protective effect against pneumonia, severe pneumonia, and death; more than one dose of vaccine is an independent protective factor for pneumonia and severe pneumonia; and three doses of vaccine is an independent protective factor for death.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Genjie Lu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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8
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Pandics T, Major D, Fazekas-Pongor V, Szarvas Z, Peterfi A, Mukli P, Gulej R, Ungvari A, Fekete M, Tompa A, Tarantini S, Yabluchanskiy A, Conley S, Csiszar A, Tabak AG, Benyo Z, Adany R, Ungvari Z. Exposome and unhealthy aging: environmental drivers from air pollution to occupational exposures. GeroScience 2023; 45:3381-3408. [PMID: 37688657 PMCID: PMC10643494 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00913-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The aging population worldwide is facing a significant increase in age-related non-communicable diseases, including cardiovascular and brain pathologies. This comprehensive review paper delves into the impact of the exposome, which encompasses the totality of environmental exposures, on unhealthy aging. It explores how environmental factors contribute to the acceleration of aging processes, increase biological age, and facilitate the development and progression of a wide range of age-associated diseases. The impact of environmental factors on cognitive health and the development of chronic age-related diseases affecting the cardiovascular system and central nervous system is discussed, with a specific focus on Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, stroke, small vessel disease, and vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). Aging is a major risk factor for these diseases. Their pathogenesis involves cellular and molecular mechanisms of aging such as increased oxidative stress, impaired mitochondrial function, DNA damage, and inflammation and is influenced by environmental factors. Environmental toxicants, including ambient particulate matter, pesticides, heavy metals, and organic solvents, have been identified as significant contributors to cardiovascular and brain aging disorders. These toxicants can inflict both macro- and microvascular damage and many of them can also cross the blood-brain barrier, inducing neurotoxic effects, neuroinflammation, and neuronal dysfunction. In conclusion, environmental factors play a critical role in modulating cardiovascular and brain aging. A deeper understanding of how environmental toxicants exacerbate aging processes and contribute to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, VCI, and dementia is crucial for the development of preventive strategies and interventions to promote cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and brain health. By mitigating exposure to harmful environmental factors and promoting healthy aging, we can strive to reduce the burden of age-related cardiovascular and brain pathologies in the aging population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamas Pandics
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Public Health Laboratory, National Public Health Centre, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Public Health Siences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - David Major
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Vince Fazekas-Pongor
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsofia Szarvas
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Anna Peterfi
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Peter Mukli
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Rafal Gulej
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Anna Ungvari
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Monika Fekete
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna Tompa
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Stefano Tarantini
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andriy Yabluchanskiy
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Shannon Conley
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Anna Csiszar
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Adam G Tabak
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- UCL Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Benyo
- Department of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Eötvös Loránd Research Network and Semmelweis University (ELKH-SE) Cerebrovascular and Neurocognitive Disorders Research Group, Budapest, H-1052, Hungary
| | - Roza Adany
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- ELKH-DE Public Health Research Group, Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
- Epidemiology and Surveillance Centre, Semmelweis University, 1085, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Ungvari
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
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Ungvari Z, Fazekas-Pongor V, Csiszar A, Kunutsor SK. The multifaceted benefits of walking for healthy aging: from Blue Zones to molecular mechanisms. GeroScience 2023; 45:3211-3239. [PMID: 37495893 PMCID: PMC10643563 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00873-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical activity, including walking, has numerous health benefits in older adults, supported by a plethora of observational and interventional studies. Walking decreases the risk or severity of various health outcomes such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cognitive impairment and dementia, while also improving mental well-being, sleep, and longevity. Dose-response relationships for walking duration and intensity are established for adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Walking's favorable effects on cardiovascular risk factors are attributed to its impact on circulatory, cardiopulmonary, and immune function. Meeting current physical activity guidelines by walking briskly for 30 min per day for 5 days can reduce the risk of several age-associated diseases. Additionally, low-intensity physical exercise, including walking, exerts anti-aging effects and helps prevent age-related diseases, making it a powerful tool for promoting healthy aging. This is exemplified by the lifestyles of individuals in Blue Zones, regions of the world with the highest concentration of centenarians. Walking and other low-intensity physical activities contribute significantly to the longevity of individuals in these regions, with walking being an integral part of their daily lives. Thus, incorporating walking into daily routines and encouraging walking-based physical activity interventions can be an effective strategy for promoting healthy aging and improving health outcomes in all populations. The goal of this review is to provide an overview of the vast and consistent evidence supporting the health benefits of physical activity, with a specific focus on walking, and to discuss the impact of walking on various health outcomes, including the prevention of age-related diseases. Furthermore, this review will delve into the evidence on the impact of walking and low-intensity physical activity on specific molecular and cellular mechanisms of aging, providing insights into the underlying biological mechanisms through which walking exerts its beneficial anti-aging effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltan Ungvari
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
| | | | - Anna Csiszar
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Setor K Kunutsor
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Gwendolen Road, Leicester, LE5 4WP, UK.
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10
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Muñoz-Del-Carpio-Toia A, Bartolo-Marchena M, Benites-Zapata VA, Herrera-Añazco P. Mortality from COVID-19 in Amazonian and Andean original indigenous populations of Peru. Travel Med Infect Dis 2023; 56:102658. [PMID: 37944653 PMCID: PMC10823918 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2023.102658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the mortality rates from COVID-19 among indigenous populations of the Amazon and Andean regions of Peru during the years 2020, 2021 and 2022. METHODS Secondary analysis of 33,567 data from the COVID-19 Notification System of the National Epidemiology Center, Prevention and Control of Diseases (CDC-Peru), from the years 2020-2022. The variables were age, sex, belonging to the Andean or Amazonian ethnic group, number and type of symptoms and risk conditions, abnormal findings in chest X-rays, year of data collection for hospitalization and death from COVID-19. Poisson family generalized linear regression models with logarithmic linkage and robust variance were used to establish differences in mortality between ethnic groups. Crude and adjusted risk ratio (RR) with 95 % confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. RESULTS 33,567 participants with an average age of 33.6 years were included, 44.4 % were men and 70.2 % belonged to the Amazonian ethnic group. Most of those affected by COVID-19 presented 2 symptoms (38.8 %), 4.8 % presented some risk condition, 1451 (4.3 %) were hospitalized, and 433 (1.3 %) died. The adjusted analysis showed that the Andean group, compared to the Amazonian, tended to have a higher probability of death, and this association was statistically significant, RR =7.6, 95 % CI (5.5-10.5). CONCLUSIONS Patients from Andean indigenous communities had an almost 8 times higher risk of death from COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marco Bartolo-Marchena
- Subdirección de Medicina Tradicional, Interculturalidad e investigación social en salud del CENSI del Instituto Nacional de Salud, Lima, Peru.
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11
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Nagy D, Hricisák L, Walford GP, Lékai Á, Karácsony G, Várbíró S, Ungvári Z, Benyó Z, Pál É. Disruption of Vitamin D Signaling Impairs Adaptation of Cerebrocortical Microcirculation to Carotid Artery Occlusion in Hyperandrogenic Female Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:3869. [PMID: 37764653 PMCID: PMC10534509 DOI: 10.3390/nu15183869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency contributes to the pathogenesis of age-related cerebrovascular diseases, including ischemic stroke. Sex hormonal status may also influence the prevalence of these disorders, indicated by a heightened vulnerability among postmenopausal and hyperandrogenic women. To investigate the potential interaction between sex steroids and disrupted vitamin D signaling in the cerebral microcirculation, we examined the cerebrovascular adaptation to unilateral carotid artery occlusion (CAO) in intact, ovariectomized, and hyperandrogenic female mice with normal or functionally inactive vitamin D receptor (VDR). We also analyzed the morphology of leptomeningeal anastomoses, which play a significant role in the compensation. Ablation of VDR by itself did not impact the cerebrocortical adaptation to CAO despite the reduced number of pial collaterals. While ovariectomy did not undermine compensatory mechanisms following CAO, androgen excess combined with VDR inactivity resulted in prolonged hypoperfusion in the cerebral cortex ipsilateral to the occlusion. These findings suggest that the cerebrovascular consequences of disrupted VDR signaling are less pronounced in females, providing a level of protection even after ovariectomy. Conversely, even short-term androgen excess with lacking VDR signaling may lead to unfavorable outcomes of ischemic stroke, highlighting the complex interplay between sex steroids and vitamin D in terms of cerebrovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorina Nagy
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (L.H.); (G.P.W.); (Á.L.); (G.K.); (Z.B.)
- Cerebrovascular and Neurocognitive Disorders Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Hricisák
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (L.H.); (G.P.W.); (Á.L.); (G.K.); (Z.B.)
- Cerebrovascular and Neurocognitive Disorders Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Guillaume Peter Walford
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (L.H.); (G.P.W.); (Á.L.); (G.K.); (Z.B.)
| | - Ágnes Lékai
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (L.H.); (G.P.W.); (Á.L.); (G.K.); (Z.B.)
| | - Gábor Karácsony
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (L.H.); (G.P.W.); (Á.L.); (G.K.); (Z.B.)
| | - Szabolcs Várbíró
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, 1082 Budapest, Hungary;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
- Workgroup for Science Management, Doctoral School, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Ungvári
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA;
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
- The Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Zoltán Benyó
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (L.H.); (G.P.W.); (Á.L.); (G.K.); (Z.B.)
- Cerebrovascular and Neurocognitive Disorders Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Éva Pál
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (L.H.); (G.P.W.); (Á.L.); (G.K.); (Z.B.)
- Cerebrovascular and Neurocognitive Disorders Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
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12
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Ledesma JR, Basting A, Chu HT, Ma J, Zhang M, Vongpradith A, Novotney A, Dalos J, Zheng P, Murray CJL, Kyu HH. Global-, Regional-, and National-Level Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Tuberculosis Diagnoses, 2020-2021. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2191. [PMID: 37764035 PMCID: PMC10536333 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Evaluating cross-country variability on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on tuberculosis (TB) may provide urgent inputs to control programs as countries recover from the pandemic. We compared expected TB notifications, modeled using trends in annual TB notifications from 2013-2019, with observed TB notifications to compute the observed to expected (OE) ratios for 170 countries. We applied the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method to identify the covariates, out of 27 pandemic- and tuberculosis-relevant variables, that had the strongest explanatory power for log OE ratios. The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with a 1.55 million (95% CI: 1.26-1.85, 21.0% [17.5-24.6%]) decrease in TB diagnoses in 2020 and a 1.28 million (0.90-1.76, 16.6% [12.1-21.2%]) decrease in 2021 at a global level. India, Indonesia, the Philippines, and China contributed the most to the global declines for both years, while sub-Saharan Africa achieved pre-pandemic levels by 2021 (OE ratio = 1.02 [0.99-1.05]). Age-stratified analyses revealed that the ≥ 65-year-old age group experienced greater relative declines in TB diagnoses compared with the under 65-year-old age group in 2020 (RR = 0.88 [0.81-0.96]) and 2021 (RR = 0.88 [0.79-0.98]) globally. Covariates found to be associated with all-age OE ratios in 2020 were age-standardized smoking prevalence in 2019 (β = 0.973 [0.957-990]), school closures (β = 0.988 [0.977-0.998]), stay-at-home orders (β = 0.993 [0.985-1.00]), SARS-CoV-2 infection rate (β = 0.991 [0.987-0.996]), and proportion of population ≥65 years (β = 0.971 [0.944-0.999]). Further research is needed to clarify the extent to which the observed declines in TB diagnoses were attributable to disruptions in health services, decreases in TB transmission, and COVID-19 mortality among TB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge R. Ledesma
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, 3980 15th Ave. NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; (J.R.L.); (A.B.); (H.T.C.); (M.Z.); (A.V.); (A.N.); (J.D.); (P.Z.); (C.J.L.M.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, 121 S Main St, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Ann Basting
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, 3980 15th Ave. NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; (J.R.L.); (A.B.); (H.T.C.); (M.Z.); (A.V.); (A.N.); (J.D.); (P.Z.); (C.J.L.M.)
| | - Huong T. Chu
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, 3980 15th Ave. NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; (J.R.L.); (A.B.); (H.T.C.); (M.Z.); (A.V.); (A.N.); (J.D.); (P.Z.); (C.J.L.M.)
- Department of Health Metrics Sciences, University of Washington, 3980 15th Ave. NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Jianing Ma
- Center for Biostatistics, Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, 1800 Cannon Drive, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Meixin Zhang
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, 3980 15th Ave. NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; (J.R.L.); (A.B.); (H.T.C.); (M.Z.); (A.V.); (A.N.); (J.D.); (P.Z.); (C.J.L.M.)
| | - Avina Vongpradith
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, 3980 15th Ave. NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; (J.R.L.); (A.B.); (H.T.C.); (M.Z.); (A.V.); (A.N.); (J.D.); (P.Z.); (C.J.L.M.)
| | - Amanda Novotney
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, 3980 15th Ave. NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; (J.R.L.); (A.B.); (H.T.C.); (M.Z.); (A.V.); (A.N.); (J.D.); (P.Z.); (C.J.L.M.)
| | - Jeremy Dalos
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, 3980 15th Ave. NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; (J.R.L.); (A.B.); (H.T.C.); (M.Z.); (A.V.); (A.N.); (J.D.); (P.Z.); (C.J.L.M.)
| | - Peng Zheng
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, 3980 15th Ave. NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; (J.R.L.); (A.B.); (H.T.C.); (M.Z.); (A.V.); (A.N.); (J.D.); (P.Z.); (C.J.L.M.)
- Department of Health Metrics Sciences, University of Washington, 3980 15th Ave. NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Christopher J. L. Murray
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, 3980 15th Ave. NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; (J.R.L.); (A.B.); (H.T.C.); (M.Z.); (A.V.); (A.N.); (J.D.); (P.Z.); (C.J.L.M.)
- Department of Health Metrics Sciences, University of Washington, 3980 15th Ave. NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Hmwe H. Kyu
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, 3980 15th Ave. NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; (J.R.L.); (A.B.); (H.T.C.); (M.Z.); (A.V.); (A.N.); (J.D.); (P.Z.); (C.J.L.M.)
- Department of Health Metrics Sciences, University of Washington, 3980 15th Ave. NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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13
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Cavallari Strozze Catharin VM, Zutin TLM, Guiguer EL, Cressoni Araújo A, Fornari Laurindo L, Chagas EFB, Gasparotti Zorzetto CF, Bueno PCDS, dos Santos Bueno M, Cervelim Nunes Y, Cavallari Strozze Catharin V, Gonzaga HF, Barbalho SM. Radiological and Functional Pulmonary Evolution in Post-COVID-19 Patients: An Observational Study. Diseases 2023; 11:113. [PMID: 37754309 PMCID: PMC10528437 DOI: 10.3390/diseases11030113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 has generated a scenario for global health with multiple systemic impairments. This retrospective study evaluated the clinical, radiological, and pulmonary functional evolution in 302 post-COVID-19 patients. Regarding post-COVID-19 pulmonary symptoms, dry cough, dyspnea, and chest pain were the most frequent. Of the associated comorbidities, asthma was more frequent (23.5%). Chest tomography (CT) initially showed a mean pulmonary involvement of 69.7%, and evaluation in the subsequent months showed improvement in the evolutionary image. With less than six months post-pathology, there was a commitment of 37.7% from six to twelve months it was 20%, and after 12 months it was 9.9%. As for most of the sample, 50.3% of the patients presented CT normalization less than six months after infection, 23% were normalized between six and twelve months, and 5.2% presented with normalized images after twelve months, with one remaining. A percentage of 17.3% maintained post-COVID-19 pulmonary residual sequelae. Regarding spirometry, less than six months after pathology, 59.3% of the patients presented regular exam results, 12.3% had their function normalized within six to twelve months, and 6.3% had normal exam results twelve months after their post-pathology evaluation. Only 3.6% of the patients still showed some alteration during this period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virgínia Maria Cavallari Strozze Catharin
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil; (V.M.C.S.C.); (T.L.M.Z.); (L.F.L.)
| | - Tereza Laís Menegucci Zutin
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil; (V.M.C.S.C.); (T.L.M.Z.); (L.F.L.)
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elen Landgraf Guiguer
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil; (V.M.C.S.C.); (T.L.M.Z.); (L.F.L.)
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília (FATEC), Avenida Castro Alves, 62, Marília 17500-000, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriano Cressoni Araújo
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil; (V.M.C.S.C.); (T.L.M.Z.); (L.F.L.)
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas Fornari Laurindo
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil; (V.M.C.S.C.); (T.L.M.Z.); (L.F.L.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (FAMEMA), Avenida Monte Carmelo, 800, Marília 17519-030, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo F. Baisi Chagas
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil; (V.M.C.S.C.); (T.L.M.Z.); (L.F.L.)
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cássia Fernanda Gasparotti Zorzetto
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil; (V.M.C.S.C.); (T.L.M.Z.); (L.F.L.)
| | - Patrícia C. dos Santos Bueno
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil; (V.M.C.S.C.); (T.L.M.Z.); (L.F.L.)
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Yandra Cervelim Nunes
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília (FATEC), Avenida Castro Alves, 62, Marília 17500-000, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vitor Cavallari Strozze Catharin
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil; (V.M.C.S.C.); (T.L.M.Z.); (L.F.L.)
| | - Heron Fernando Gonzaga
- Department of Dermatology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua dos Otonis, 861, São Paulo 04025-002, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandra Maria Barbalho
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil; (V.M.C.S.C.); (T.L.M.Z.); (L.F.L.)
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília (FATEC), Avenida Castro Alves, 62, Marília 17500-000, São Paulo, Brazil
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14
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Valero-Bover D, Monterde D, Carot-Sans G, Cainzos-Achirica M, Comin-Colet J, Vela E, Clèries M, Folguera J, Abilleira S, Arrufat M, Lejardi Y, Solans Ò, Dedeu T, Coca M, Pérez-Sust P, Pontes C, Piera-Jiménez J. Is Age the Most Important Risk Factor in COVID-19 Patients? The Relevance of Comorbidity Burden: A Retrospective Analysis of 10,551 Hospitalizations. Clin Epidemiol 2023; 15:811-825. [PMID: 37408865 PMCID: PMC10319286 DOI: 10.2147/clep.s408510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To assess the contribution of age and comorbidity to the risk of critical illness in hospitalized COVID-19 patients using increasingly exhaustive tools for measuring comorbidity burden. Patients and Methods We assessed the effect of age and comorbidity burden in a retrospective, multicenter cohort of patients hospitalized due to COVID-19 in Catalonia (North-East Spain) between March 1, 2020, and January 31, 2022. Vaccinated individuals and those admitted within the first of the six COVID-19 epidemic waves were excluded from the primary analysis but were included in secondary analyses. The primary outcome was critical illness, defined as the need for invasive mechanical ventilation, transfer to the intensive care unit (ICU), or in-hospital death. Explanatory variables included age, sex, and four summary measures of comorbidity burden on admission extracted from three indices: the Charlson index (17 diagnostic group codes), the Elixhauser index and count (31 diagnostic group codes), and the Queralt DxS index (3145 diagnostic group codes). All models were adjusted by wave and center. The proportion of the effect of age attributable to comorbidity burden was assessed using a causal mediation analysis. Results The primary analysis included 10,551 hospitalizations due to COVID-19; of them, 3632 (34.4%) experienced critical illness. The frequency of critical illness increased with age and comorbidity burden on admission, irrespective of the measure used. In multivariate analyses, the effect size of age decreased with the number of diagnoses considered to estimate comorbidity burden. When adjusting for the Queralt DxS index, age showed a minimal contribution to critical illness; according to the causal mediation analysis, comorbidity burden on admission explained the 98.2% (95% CI 84.1-117.1%) of the observed effect of age on critical illness. Conclusion Comorbidity burden (when measured exhaustively) explains better than chronological age the increased risk of critical illness observed in patients hospitalized with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damià Valero-Bover
- Catalan Health Service, Barcelona, Spain
- Digitalization for the Sustainability of the Healthcare System (DS3) – Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Monterde
- Digitalization for the Sustainability of the Healthcare System (DS3) – Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan Institute of Health, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gerard Carot-Sans
- Catalan Health Service, Barcelona, Spain
- Digitalization for the Sustainability of the Healthcare System (DS3) – Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Cainzos-Achirica
- Center for Outcomes Research, Houston Methodist, Houston, TX, USA
- Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Josep Comin-Colet
- Cardiology Department, Bellvitge University Hospital (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Cardiovascular (CIBERCV), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emili Vela
- Catalan Health Service, Barcelona, Spain
- Digitalization for the Sustainability of the Healthcare System (DS3) – Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montse Clèries
- Catalan Health Service, Barcelona, Spain
- Digitalization for the Sustainability of the Healthcare System (DS3) – Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Júlia Folguera
- Catalan Health Service, Barcelona, Spain
- Digitalization for the Sustainability of the Healthcare System (DS3) – Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sònia Abilleira
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Òscar Solans
- Digitalization for the Sustainability of the Healthcare System (DS3) – Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
- Health Department, eHealth Unit, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Toni Dedeu
- WHO European Centre for Primary Health Care, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Marc Coca
- Catalan Health Service, Barcelona, Spain
- Digitalization for the Sustainability of the Healthcare System (DS3) – Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Caridad Pontes
- Catalan Health Service, Barcelona, Spain
- Digitalization for the Sustainability of the Healthcare System (DS3) – Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Piera-Jiménez
- Catalan Health Service, Barcelona, Spain
- Digitalization for the Sustainability of the Healthcare System (DS3) – Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
- Faculty of Informatics, Telecommunications and Multimedia, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
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15
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Sornette D, Wu K. Coupled System Approach to Healthy Earth Environments and Individual Human Resilience. Sustainable Horizons 2023:100050. [PMCID: PMC9981524 DOI: 10.1016/j.horiz.2023.100050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has stressed our social organizations, health care systems and economies at a level not experienced since WWII or the last “Spanish flu” pandemic of 1918. This shock provides a real-life test of the resilience of human societies and of individuals, challenging our understanding and level of preparation. While hurried coercive non-pharmaceutical measures and vaccinations were the main responses, for the future, we propose a coupled double-system approach linking efforts to improve both human well-being and Earth environmental health. Concretely, this means linking (i) the build-up of individual health resilience using holistic medical system perspectives applied to each person with (ii) efforts to depollute and achieve more healthy Earth environments that are intrinsic pillars of humans’ health and wealth. The push to fight Earth ecological damages towards environmental sustainability should be rethought as being motivated by recovering an ecosystem in which each own personal biological ecosystem (i.e., each person's homeostatic balance) can strive again. We propose to prioritize Human-Environment-Health initiatives for depolluting the environment and of our immune systems, as well as improving individual responsibility and resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ke Wu
- Corresponding: Institute of Risk Analysis, Prediction and Management (Risks-X), Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China, 518055. +86 15201128638
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16
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Gao P, Mosazadeh H, Nazari N. The Buffering Role of Self-compassion in the Association Between Loneliness with Depressive Symptoms: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study Among Older Adults Living in Residential Care Homes During COVID-19. Int J Ment Health Addict 2023:1-21. [PMID: 36776917 PMCID: PMC9904273 DOI: 10.1007/s11469-023-01014-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is an ongoing geriatric health emergency with a substantial increase in the prevalence of medical and mental health issues, particularly among older adults living in residential care homes. The knowledge of the risk and protective factors related to the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on older adults living in residential care homes is based on limited data. This study aimed to investigate whether loneliness mediates the effects of fear generated by a pandemic on depression. Additionally, we hypothesized that self-compassion moderates the effect of loneliness on depression. A sample comprised 323 older adults (females: n = 141, males: n = 182) with mean age = 74.98 years (standard deviation = 6.59, age 65-90) completed a survey comprising the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, De Jung Gierveld Loneliness Scale, the nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire, and the Self-compassion Scale. The results revealed that the total effect of fear on depression was statistically significant, with a medium effect size (Cohen's f 2 = .14) and this association was partially mediated by loneliness (β = .11, SE = .04, P < .001, t = 2.91, 95% CI 0.04-0.19). The self-compassion also moderated the loneliness effect on depression. The findings of this study support COVID-19 evidence, indicating that a greater level of fear generated by the pandemic is linked to depression and loneliness. The findings support the notion that self-compassion mitigates the adverse effects of stressful events in older adults. Customized self-compassion programs may be effective loneliness-mitigating interventions for older adults living in residential care homes. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11469-023-01014-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Gao
- School of Public Administration, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062 China
| | - Hasan Mosazadeh
- Department of Psychology, Kazimierz Wielki University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Nabi Nazari
- Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Psychology, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
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17
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Gao CA, Pickens CI, Morales-Nebreda L, Wunderink RG. Clinical Features of COVID-19 and Differentiation from Other Causes of CAP. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2023; 44:8-20. [PMID: 36646082 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1759889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, one of the most common reasons for infection-related death worldwide. Causes of CAP include numerous viral, bacterial, and fungal pathogens, though frequently no specific organism is found. Beginning in 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic has caused incredible morbidity and mortality. COVID-19 has many features typical of CAP such as fever, respiratory distress, and cough, and can be difficult to distinguish from other types of CAP. Here, we highlight unique clinical features of COVID-19 pneumonia such as olfactory and gustatory dysfunction, lymphopenia, and distinct imaging appearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine A Gao
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Chiagozie I Pickens
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Luisa Morales-Nebreda
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Richard G Wunderink
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
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18
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Yusharyahya SN, Japranata VV, Jonlean R, Legiawati L, Astriningrum R. Cutaneous manifestations in elderly patients with confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 and the disease outcomes: A systematic review. J Dermatol 2023; 50:679-691. [PMID: 36680396 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.16722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cutaneous manifestations in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients may possess prognostic value for identifying potentially severe cases. This systematic review investigated whether dermatological features are associated with COVID-19 outcomes in elderly patients. Literature retrieval was conducted on May 11, 2022, from databases, hand-searching, and tracing citations. Following selection against eligibility criteria, the remaining records were evaluated utilizing the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Study Quality Assessment Tool or Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The pooled individual data were subsequently analyzed using the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test to calculate the odds ratio (ORs) and confidence intervals (CIs) for the severity and mortality of each skin lesion type. We incorporated 70 articles, including 180 and 117 entries, with information regarding disease severity and mortality. Further analysis revealed that vascular type was the skin lesion most frequently noticed in confirmed COVID-19 elderly patients (46.2%) and was associated with an increased risk of developing advanced disease (OR 7.32, 95% CI 3.39-15.81) and the ensuing termination (OR 5.73, 95% CI 2.46-13.36). The converse phenomenon was observed in maculopapular type (severity OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.14-0.52; mortality OR 0.10, 95% CI 0.03-0.36). In conclusion, skin manifestations may predict COVID-19 severity and mortality in the senior group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannaz Nadia Yusharyahya
- Division of Geriatric Dermatology, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia-dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | | | - Lili Legiawati
- Division of Geriatric Dermatology, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia-dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Rinadewi Astriningrum
- Division of Geriatric Dermatology, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia-dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
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19
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Boukhvalova MS, Mortensen E, Caple J, Joseph J, Sylla F, Kamali A, Stylos D, Lopez D, March T, Byrd KM, Prince GA, Arndt A, Kajon A, Blanco JCG. SARS-CoV-2 infection augments species- and age-specific predispositions in cotton rats. Sci Rep 2023; 13:757. [PMID: 36641520 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-27328-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Heterogeneity of COVID-19 manifestations in human population is vast, for reasons unknown. Cotton rats are a clinically relevant small animal model of human respiratory viral infections. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that SARS-CoV-2 infection in cotton rats affects multiple organs and systems, targeting species- and age-specific biological processes. Infection of S. fulviventer, which developed a neutralizing antibody response and were more susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 replication in the upper respiratory tract, was accompanied by hyperplasia of lacrimal drainage-associated lymphoid tissue (LDALT), a first known report of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue activation at the portal of SARS-CoV-2 entry. Although less permissive to viral replication, S. hispidus showed hyperplasia of bone marrow in the facial bones and increased pulmonary thrombosis in aged males. Augmentation of these features by SARS-CoV-2 infection suggests a virus-induced breach in regulatory mechanisms which could be devastating for people of all ages with underlying conditions and in particular for elderly with a multitude of ongoing disorders.
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20
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Kostoff RN, Briggs MB, Kanduc D, Dewanjee S, Kandimalla R, Shoenfeld Y, Porter AL, Tsatsakis A. Modifiable contributing factors to COVID-19: A comprehensive review. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 171:113511. [PMID: 36450305 PMCID: PMC9701571 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The devastating complications of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) result from an individual's dysfunctional immune response following the initial severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Multiple toxic stressors and behaviors contribute to underlying immune system dysfunction. SARS-CoV-2 exploits the dysfunctional immune system to trigger a chain of events ultimately leading to COVID-19. The current study identifies eighty immune system dysfunction-enabling toxic stressors and behaviors (hereafter called modifiable contributing factors (CFs)) that also link directly to COVID-19. Each CF is assigned to one of the five categories in the CF taxonomy shown in Section 3.3.: Lifestyle (e.g., diet, substance abuse); Iatrogenic (e.g., drugs, surgery); Biotoxins (e.g., micro-organisms, mycotoxins); Occupational/Environmental (e.g., heavy metals, pesticides); Psychosocial/Socioeconomic (e.g., chronic stress, lower education). The current study shows how each modifiable factor contributes to decreased immune system capability, increased inflammation and coagulation, and increased neural damage and neurodegeneration. It is unclear how real progress can be made in combatting COVID-19 and other similar diseases caused by viral variants without addressing and eliminating these modifiable CFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Neil Kostoff
- Independent Consultant, Gainesville, VA, 20155, USA,Corresponding author. Independent Consultant, 13500 Tallyrand Way, Gainesville, VA, 20155, USA
| | | | - Darja Kanduc
- Dept. of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, Bari, 70125, Italy
| | - Saikat Dewanjee
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Ramesh Kandimalla
- Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India
| | - Yehuda Shoenfeld
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, 5265601, Israel
| | - Alan L. Porter
- School of Public Policy, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003, Heraklion, Greece
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21
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Yang J, Wang Y, He S, Peng X, Wang C, Li N, Liao Y. Relationship between Tai Chi and clinical outcomes in elderly patients with COVID-19: a protocol for systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e066803. [PMID: 36523226 PMCID: PMC9748512 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-066803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION COVID-19 has posed a serious threat to people worldwide, especially the older adults, since its discovery. Tai Chi as a traditional Chinese exercisethat belongs to traditional Chinese medicine has proven its effectiveness against COVID-19. However, no high-quality evidence is found on the dose-response relationships between Tai Chi and clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19. This study will evaluate and determine the clinical evidence of Tai Chi as a treatment in elderly patients with COVID-19. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The following electronic bibliographical databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP Database and Wanfang Database will be screened from their inception date to 30 June 2022. All eligible randomised controlled trials or controlled clinical trials related to Tai Chi for elderly patients with COVID-19 will be included. The primary outcomes are forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and FEV1/FVC ratio (FEV1%). The secondary outcomes are the time of main symptoms disappearance, length of hospital stay, serum levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1b and tumour necrosis factor-α, and adverse event rate. Two independent reviewers will select the studies, extract the data, and analyse them on EndNote V.X9.0 and Stata V.12.1. The robust error meta-regression model will be used to establish the dose-response relationships between Tai Chi and clinical outcomes. The heterogeneity and variability will be analysed by I2 and τ2 statistics. Risk of bias, subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis will also be performed. The quality of evidence will be assessed by the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation, and the risk of bias will be evaluated by using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database Scale. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study will review published data; thus, obtaining ethical approval and consent is unnecessary. The results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42022327694.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Yang
- Department of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Sheng He
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, General Hospital of Western Theater Command of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao Peng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, No.1 Orthopaedic Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chun Wang
- Department of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Na Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuanpeng Liao
- Department of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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22
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Richter L, Heidinger T. Poverty in old age in times of COVID-19-Empirical results from Austria. Front Public Health 2022; 10:972076. [PMID: 36466524 PMCID: PMC9713516 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.972076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Early in the pandemic, researchers were cautioning that COVID-19 and the associated health policy countermeasures would have an increased negative impact on groups that were already vulnerable before the pandemic. One of these groups are older people affected by poverty, who according to official figures make up 13.9% of older population in Austria. Even before the pandemic, their living situation was considered precarious. Not without reason, this group has been identified as a high-risk group of the pandemic, due to their increased likelihood of severe COVID-19 related illness and their limited monetary resources and thus lower chances of coping with the pandemic. Nevertheless, research on this group has remained sparse to date. Therefore, the aim of the study is to focus on older people (60+ years) below the poverty line and to compare them with non-poor individuals. Data from the SHARE (Survey of Health Aging and Retirement in Europe) project is used, combining data from the two SHARE Corona Surveys (summer 2020 and summer 2021) and the SHARE Corona Special Austria Survey (December 2020) to gain the most complete picture of life situation during the pandemic. Results demonstrate that older people in poverty were more likely to report poor subjective health before as well as during the pandemic yet were significantly more likely to refuse vaccination against COVID-19, despite adhering to other measures against the pandemic to the same extent as non-poor people. Restrictions in the health care system affected both groups equally and no significant differences in the frequency of social contacts could be found. However, older people below the poverty line were significantly more likely to rely on social support to obtain necessities during the pandemic and were less likely to use the internet. Together, these results point out that disadvantage exist for the older poor in some but not all areas of life during the pandemic. This paper is aimed at providing first insights into the lives of poor older persons during a taxing time and may perhaps inspire more in-depth study of this particularly understudied population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Richter
- Department of Social Sciences, St. Pölten University of Applied Sciences, St. Pölten, Austria
| | - Theresa Heidinger
- Department of Gerontology and Health Research, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems an der Donau, Lower Austria, Austria
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