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Sastraprawira SM, Abd. Razak IH, Shahimi S, Pati S, Edinur HA, John AB, Ahmad A, Kumaran JV, Martin MB, Chong JL, Chowdhury AJK, Nelson BR. A review on introduced Cichla spp. and emerging concerns. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05370. [PMID: 33204875 PMCID: PMC7648196 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Peacock bass (Cichla spp.) originates from the Neotropical environments of Brazil and Venezuela but, through trade and smuggling for aquarium keeping, sport fishing and aquaculture, it is now an emerging concern. Yet, less is known for Cichla spp. distribution and its ability to invade new environments. Aimed to communicate on Cichla spp. ecology, biology and introduction schemes from Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar and also National Centre for Biotechnology Information, this review also contains management strategies for invading fish species. While Cichla spp. can displace native fish populations, this concern is explained using ecological functions, physiological demands, direct and secondary invasion, disease tolerance and parasite spillover. Briefly, Cichla spp. has rapid embryogenesis (72 h) and matures in short periods (11-12 months), giving it an advantage to colonize new environments. With a large appetite, this true piscivore gains territorial control over water bodies by making it their feeding and nursery grounds. Perceived as an emerging concern after becoming introduced, seal-off or sport fishing were used to manage Cichla spp. but, this practice is not sustainable for the entire ecosystem. Hence, we recommend bottom-up management that involves community participation because they interact with the fish and have knowledge about their environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shantika Maylana Sastraprawira
- Institute of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Iqbal Harith Abd. Razak
- Faculty of Marine and Environmnetal Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Salwa Shahimi
- Institute of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
- Faculty of Marine and Environmnetal Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Siddhartha Pati
- Institute of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
- Research Division, Association of Biodiversity Conservation and Research, Devine Colony, 756001 Balasore, Odisha, India
| | - Hisham Atan Edinur
- Forensic Science Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Akbar Bavajohn John
- Institute of Oceanography and Maritime Studies, Kulliyyah of Science, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Amirrudin Ahmad
- Faculty of Marine and Environmnetal Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Jayaraj Vijaya Kumaran
- Centre of Excellence for Entrepreneurship Research and Innovation, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Locked Bag 36, Pengkalan Chepa, 16100 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Melissa Beata Martin
- Faculty of Marine and Environmnetal Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Ju Lian Chong
- Faculty of Marine and Environmnetal Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Ahmed Jalal Khan Chowdhury
- Department of Marine Science, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia Kuantan, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, 25200, Kuantan, Malaysia
| | - Bryan Raveen Nelson
- Institute of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
- Research Division, Association of Biodiversity Conservation and Research, Devine Colony, 756001 Balasore, Odisha, India
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Wendt EW, Silva PC, Malabarba LR, Carvalho TP. Phylogenetic relationships and historical biogeography of Oligosarcus (Teleostei: Characidae): Examining riverine landscape evolution in southeastern South America. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2019; 140:106604. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2019.106604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Silva Z, Nascimento PECD, Vitule JRS, Frehse FDA, Ferraz MSO, Mourgués-Schurter LR. Diet and resource sharing by two Pimelodidae species in a Southeastern Brazilian reservoir. Biota Neotrop 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2018-0675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract: Fish can vary their diet and feeding dynamics according to biotic and abiotic factors. There is insufficient knowledge regarding these factors in reservoirs, which limits the management of these areas. The aim of this study was to determine the diet of two related and most collected fish species, verify the influence of biotic and abiotic factors on their diet, and also verify the existence of resource sharing by them in an upstream Brazilian reservoir. Fish abundance in the reservoir was calculated and data were provided by 176 specimens of Iheringichthys labrosus (Lütken, 1874) and 255 specimens of Pimelodus maculatus Lacépède, 1803 collected in Camargos reservoir, MG, Brazil. Stomach contents were analysed through the frequency of occurrence and volumetric methods. PERMANOVA analysis was done to evaluate the influence of biotic (Species and Size class) and abiotic factors (Season and Site) on the diets. The Alimentary Index (AI) and feeding overlap Index (Pianka) were also estimated. A NMDS analysis was conducted to visualize the food categories responsible for interspecific difference. The ingested items were grouped into 18 categories, of which 17 were found in both species. Feeding resources were significantly related to the biotic (Species: Pseudo F = 2.583, P = 0.001; Size Class: Pseudo F = 1.646, P = 0.001) and abiotic (Season: Pseudo F = 2.458, P = 0.006) factors. I. labrosus showed an invertivorous diet while P. maculatus an omnivorous diet and both species were not exclusively benthophagus as typically reported. Food overlap occurred intraspecifically and interspecifically (Pianka 0.61 to 0.97 and 0.61 to 0.66, respectively) and overlap also occurred in three of the four analysed seasons (Pianka 0.66 to 0.91). The diet overlap found between two of the most fished species and the low fish productivity may indicate the limitation of resources in this reservoir and should be considered for management of this area.
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Barreto SB, Silva AT, Souza FB, Jucá-Chagas R. Diet of Hemigrammus marginatus (Characiformes: Characidae) in the Upper Contas River, Diamantina Plateau (Bahia, Brazil). Iheringia, Sér Zool 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-4766e2018036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Studies on the composition of fish diet and on how species exploit food resources are especially relevant in tropical freshwater systems, where dietary plasticity is a commonly used strategy. In this study, we analysed the food spectrum and the environmental, seasonal and ontogenetic variations in the diet of a characid species [Hemigrammus marginatus Ellis, 1911 (Characidae)] in the region of the Upper Contas River, in the Diamantina Plateau, Brazil. We verified an omnivorous/invertivorous and opportunistic food habit, with predominance of insects and microcrustaceans, followed by filamentous algae. Seasonality did not alter the food resources used by the species. However, differences were detected in the dominant categories when comparing the two sampled rivers, as well as in the food consumption throughout the development of the species. These data increase the knowledge about the biology of H. marginatus and allow understanding the influence of the characteristics of the rivers and their surroundings in the trophic ecology of the species, as our findings have shown that, although insects have been expressive in both studied localities, microcrustaceans exhibit a greater relative importance in the more lentic environment, which is probably related to the variation in the availability of these resources in the environment.
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Lopes VG, Nessimian JL, Da-Silva ER, Gomes JHC, Dias ACIM, Souza LC, Branco CW. Habitat heterogeneity on feeding habit of two sympatric and congeneric characidae fishes in two tropical reservoirs. Iheringia, Sér Zool 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-4766e2016012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Food flexibility and omnivory are important features pronounced in Neotropical freshwater fish species, particularly for Astyanax species. Traditionally most fish diet resources are known to be originated in the aquatic environment, however recent studies have pointed to the importance of allochthonous sources. Besides, the colonization of macrophytes, common at several tropical reservoirs, may enhance insectivory in fish diet expanding or concentrating the area of available resources for feeding. Here we employed stomach contents analysis of two sympatric Astyanax species to access the importance of habitat differentiations as spatial complexity in two tropical reservoirs with different environmental features. The NMDS analysis indicated separation in the diet of these species between reservoirs (Stress= 8.28%). Additionally, analysis of variance revealed a significative difference in the volume of food itens ingested between the reservoirs (Anova one-way F(1, 132)=4.4446; p= 0.037). This points out the importance of environmental conditions on the composition of the diet of fishes. This study highlighted the insectivorous feeding habit of Astyanax species and revealed different feeding strategies between sympatric fishes despite high niche overlap in both environments. Habitat heterogeneity increasing food resources availability plays an important role in the diet strategy of these Astyanax species and on their constant maintenance in the two different reservoirs.
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Rocha ARM, Di Beneditto APM, Pestana IA, Souza CMMD. Isotopic profile and mercury concentration in fish of the lower portion of the rio Paraíba do Sul watershed, southeastern Brazil. Neotrop ichthyol 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20150047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the isotopic profile and mercury (Hg) concentrations in fish (carnivores, omnivores and detritivores) in the lower portion of the rio Paraíba do Sul watershed, southeastern Brazil. Carbon (δ13C) isotopic analyses revealed that pelagic and benthonic sources are part of the feeding of the fish from the different guilds (-14.0 to -24.8 ‰). The benthic sources are usually enriched in δ13C (-16.9‰, from watershed runoff) compared to pelagic sources because the phytoplankton, important primary producer that supports several pelagic chains, has δ13C signature lighter (-23.9‰). The nitrogen (δ15N) isotopic signatures indicated that most guilds were at the same trophic position (10.0 to 15.5 ‰), except for pelagic omnivorous fish, which had a lower trophic position. Niche overlap was observed among pelagic and demersal carnivorous fish, demersal omnivorous fish, and demersal detritivorous fish. The lower isotopic niche breadth of pelagic carnivorous fish reveals the specialized resource use by this guild. Hg concentrations (ng g-1 dry weight) differed significantly between demersal carnivorous fish (185.3 dry weight; 27.8 wet weight) and demersal omnivorous fish (277.9 dry weight; 41.7 wet weight) and between pelagic omnivorous fish (197.2 dry weight; 29.6 wet weight) and demersal omnivorous fish due to (1) differences in food sources: guilds that fed on bottom resources were more affected by contamination because the sediment is an important Hg accumulator in the study area, and (2) because of its trophic positions. Considering that the fish consumed prey of similar trophic positions, the guilds did not show a well-defined food hierarchy. Therefore, in this study, there was no clear relationship between Hg and δ15N.
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Flores S, Hirt L, Araya P. Estructura y dinámica de la comunidad íctica del arroyo Yabotí, Reserva de Biosfera Yabotí, Misiones, Argentina. REV MEX BIODIVERS 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmb.2015.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Mazzoni R, Marques PS, Rezende CF, Iglesias-Rios R. Niche enlargement as a consequence of co-existence: a case study. BRAZ J BIOL 2012; 72:267-74. [DOI: 10.1590/s1519-69842012000200006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2011] [Accepted: 07/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatio-temporal changes in the diet, niche breadth and niche overlap of two species of Characidium from three different sites along a Neotropical coastal stream were studied during a dry and rainy season. Seasonal changes were restricted to the occurrence of plant items in the stomach contents. The relative importance of food items in the diet of both species varied across sites, but Diptera, Ephemeroptera, Simuliidae, Trichoptera and Coleoptera larvae were always the main prey items. Contrary to the expected pattern, values of the niche breadth were higher at the site where Characidium species co-existed and niche overlapped at this site indicated 52% (p = 0.52) of feeding overlap.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Mazzoni
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - PS. Marques
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - CF. Rezende
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Ceará, Brazil
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Abelha MCF, Kashiwaqui EAL, Goulart E. Population structure, condition and diet of Oligosarcus paranensis (Menezes & Gery, 1983) (Osteichthyes: Characidae) at two reservoirs in South Brazil. Biota Neotrop 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s1676-06032012000100015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the population parameters, condition and diet of Oligosarcus paranensis at Fiú and Mourão Reservoirs, located in Paraná State, Brazil. The fishes were collected quarterly between 1996/1997 and 1998/1999 using gillnets. Food items were quantified by volumetric method. The specimens at Fiú showed comparatively smaller length and worse condition. Sex ratio was statistically equal to 1:1 at Mourão, whereas there was a significant predominance of males at Fiú. Sex ratio also varied among size classes. Allometric growth prevailed among the studied groups. The diet consisted mainly of fishes and was complemented with invertebrates and plant matter in both reservoirs. There was a change in the feeding pattern as the standard length increased. Fishes changed from invertivores to piscivores, except for males in Mourão, for which a reverse trend occurred.
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McKoy SA, Hyslop EJ, Robinson RD. Associations between two trematode parasites, an ectosymbiotic annelid, and Thiara (Tarebia) granifera (Gastropoda) in Jamaica. J Parasitol 2011; 97:828-32. [PMID: 21561331 DOI: 10.1645/ge-2494.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
This work describes associations of Thiara (Tarebia) granifera, its larval trematode community, and Chaetogaster limnaei limnaei at a freshwater reservoir in Jamaica. Larvae of 2 trematodes were present, i.e., a notocotylid (15.3%) and Philophthalmus sp. (1.3%), in 3,575 T. granifera examined. The prevalence of both infections increased with snail shell length (H = 56, P < 0.01, H = 23.1, P < 0.01, respectively). Only 3.0% (n = 595) of infected snails possessed reproductive stages, compared with 90.3% (n = 2,980) of uninfected snails (χ(2) = 2,059.8, df = 1, P < 0.001); both trematodes negatively impacted snail reproduction. Chaetogaster l. limnaei occurred within the mantle cavity of T. granifera with a prevalence of 2.3% (n = 3,575); intensity ranged from 1 to 6 annelids. Notocotylid larvae occurred in 32.5% (n = 83) of snails also harboring C. l. limnaei, compared with 14.9% (n = 3,492) of snails lacking the annelid (χ(2) = 18.127; P < 0.001). Chaetogaster l. limnaei appears not to influence the recruitment of egg-transmitted, notocotylid infections to snails. Ingestion of emergent cercariae by the annelid was observed; this may impact transmission of the parasite. The article presents the first report of a notocotylid and C. l. limnaei in T. granifera, and of Philophthalmus sp. in Jamaica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey A McKoy
- Department of Life Sciences, The University of West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica
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Lima DO, Behr ER. Feeding ecology of Pachyurus bonariensis Steindachner, 1879 (Sciaenidae: Perciformes) in the Ibicuí River, Southern Brazil: ontogenetic, seasonal and spatial variations. BRAZ J BIOL 2010; 70:503-9. [DOI: 10.1590/s1519-69842010000300006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2009] [Accepted: 04/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of the feeding ecology of fish is essential for understanding the functioning of freshwater communities. Here we report on an analysis of the diet of Pachyurus bonariensis Steindachner, 1879, a freshwater sciaenid. Fish were collected bimonthly from December 1999 to January 2002 at three locations along the Ibicuí River in the Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. At each location, the specimens were collected in both lentic and lotic environments. The stomachs of 324 fish were analysed for contents and fullness. The main items were Ephemeroptera, Diptera (larvae), Trichoptera and Odonata. Annelida, plant matter, Decapoda, Diptera (pupae), Coleoptera and Mollusca were present in small amounts. The fish consumed smaller amounts of food in winter than in other seasons. The most important source of dietary variation for P. bonariensis was the ontogenetic, related to intrinsic biological characters. However, spatial variation was also found, suggesting that this species can adapt its diet to environmental changes. Although P. bonariensis showed ontogenetic and spatial variations in the main items consumed, the main items were always insects, characterising P. bonariensis as a fish with an insectivorous feeding habit in the Ibicuí River.
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Affiliation(s)
- DO. Lima
- Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Brazil
| | - ER. Behr
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Brazil
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Ballesteros TM, Torres-Mejia M, Ramírez-Pinilla MP. How does diet influence the reproductive seasonality of tropical freshwater fish?: A case study of a characin in a tropical mountain river. Neotrop ichthyol 2009. [DOI: 10.1590/s1679-62252009000400019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Seasonal breeding of tropical freshwater fish may be synchronized with periods of high food consumption. We explored this hypothesis by studying the relationship between diet and reproductive activity of Creagrutus guanes (Teleostei, Characidae). Our results showed that C. guanes had a generalist and omnivorous diet dominated by aquatic insects (mainly Diptera larvae) and seeds. Creagrutus guanes did not show intersexual or ontogenetic variation in diet. Peaks of feeding activity during rainy months were not synchronized with breeding in dry months. Our results do not support the hypothesis that the reproductive season has to be synchronized with high food consumption. We discussed the hypothesis fat reserves may be an important factor for the desynchronization of peaks of feeding and reproduction as explanation of seasonal breeding of this species.
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Santos CM, Duarte S, Souza TGL, Ribeiro TP, Sales A, Araújo FG. Histologia e caracterização histoquímica do tubo gastrintestinal de Pimelodus maculatus (Pimelodidae, Siluriformes) no reservatório de Funil, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Iheringia, Sér Zool 2007. [DOI: 10.1590/s0073-47212007000400009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
As estruturas teciduais do trato gastrintestinal de Pimelodus maculatus La Cepède, 1803, do reservatório de Funil (22º30'-22º35'S; 44º35'- 44º40'W) foram descritas através das técnicas de hematoxilina-eosina (HE), tricômico Gomori, ácido Periódico de Schiff (PAS) e alcian blue (AB) pH 2,5. Objetivou-se a detecção de glicoproteínas (GPs) na mucosa através de uma análise histoquímica e caracterização de possíveis alterações ao longo do trato digestório destes peixes neste sistema de elevado grau de alteração. Cinqüenta e quatro indivíduos adultos, coletados entre abril de 2003 e julho de 2004 (CT=19-38 cm) foram utilizados. Na cavidade bucofaríngea, a mucosa apresenta-se com pregas longitudinais e o epitélio é do tipo estratificado pavimentoso. O esôfago apresenta o mesmo tipo de epitélio da cavidade bucofaríngea, destacando-se a predominância de células mucosas que tiveram forte reação aos métodos utilizados. O estômago foi diferenciado em região cárdica, fúndica e pilórica. A mucosa é continuamente revestida por um epitélio simples cilíndrico que apresentou reação positiva ao AB e PAS somente na superfície apical das células; a lâmina própria possui glândulas tubulares que se ramificam gradativamente e consistem de um tipo celular denominado oxinticopépticas, relacionadas com a síntese de ácido clorídrico e pepsinogênio. O intestino apresenta vilosidades revestidas por um epitélio simples cilíndrico com planura estriada e células caliciformes. Na camada submucosa do duodeno foi observada a abertura do colédoco, sendo o epitélio do tipo simples cilíndrico sem células caliciformes, positivo tanto ao PAS quanto ao AB. O ambiente eutrófico do reservatório de Funil não parece influenciar os padrões morfológicos das estruturas (esôfago, estômago e intestino) e não foram observadas modificações nas atividades das células mucosas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarice M. Santos
- Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro; Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro
| | - Silvana Duarte
- Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro; Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro
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Novakowski GC, Hahn NS, Fugi R. Alimentação de peixes piscívoros antes e após a formação do reservatório de Salto Caxias, Paraná, Brasil. Biota Neotrop 2007. [DOI: 10.1590/s1676-06032007000200017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Este trabalho investigou padrões alimentares de peixes piscívoros antes e após a formação do reservatório de Salto Caxias, Paraná, Brasil, com base em estudos da dieta de Hoplias malabaricus, Oligosarcus longirostris, Rhamdia branneri e Rhamdia voulezi, e da disponibilidade de presas. As coletas foram realizadas mensalmente no período de março de 1997 a fevereiro de 1998 (pré-represamento) e de março de 2000 a fevereiro de 2001 (pós-represamento), no local do reservatório. Foram analisados 549 conteúdos estomacais e a composição da dieta foi descrita através das porcentagens de ocorrência e volume de cada item alimentar, as quais foram combinadas por um índice alimentar. O hábito piscívoro foi, em geral, mais evidente para H. malabaricus, O. longirostris e R. voulezi, enquanto que para R. branneri moluscos e crustáceos foram mais importantes que peixes. Após o represamento os peixes-presa mais consumidos, por três predadores, foram Astyanax sp. b e Cyphocharax modestus. Estas espécies estiveram entre as forrageiras mais capturadas após a formação do reservatório. Assim, conclui-se que mais do que uma preferência, o consumo por determinada presa é reflexo de sua disponibilidade, abundância e vulnerabilidade no ambiente represado.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Norma Segatti Hahn
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Brasil; PEA; Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aqüicultura
| | - Rosemara Fugi
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Brasil; Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aqüicultura
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