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Öztürk R. Expandable endoprostheses in skeletally immature patients: Where we are. World J Orthop 2024; 15:312-317. [DOI: 10.5312/wjo.v15.i4.312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Approximately 45 percent of malignant bone tumors are seen under the age of 16 and one of the important results of growth plate sacrification in patients with immature skeletons is limb inequality. Until the early 1990s, the treatment options for these patients were rotationplasty or amputation. Multimodal approaches that combine imaging, chemotherapy, and surgical techniques have enabled the development of limb-preserving methods with satisfactory results. In order to overcome inequality problems, expandable prostheses have been developed in the 1980s. Extendable endoprosthesis replacements have been improved over the years and are now an established and safe alternative. Noninvasive prostheses appear to be advantageous compared to minimally invasive expandable prostheses that require multiple surgical procedures, but the complication rate remains high. Therefore, although expandable prostheses are not the definitive answer to the treatment of bone sarcomas in skeletally immature children, they are still a suitable interim choice until full adulthood is achieved. Due to reported high complication rates, the procedures require significant experience and are recommended for use only in specialized cancer centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Recep Öztürk
- Tumororthopädie und Sarkomchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen 45143, Germany
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2
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Guerini-Rocco E, Bellerba F, Concardi A, Taormina SV, Cammarata G, Fumagalli C, Guerrieri-Gonzaga A, Macis D, Del Fiol Manna E, Balladore E, Cannone M, Veronesi P, Fusco N, Bonanni B, Viale G, Barberis M, Gandini S, Lazzeroni M. Expression of immune-related genes and breast cancer recurrence in women with ductal carcinoma in situ. Eur J Cancer 2024; 203:114063. [PMID: 38615592 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2024.114063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a non-obligate precursor of invasive breast cancer with highly variable clinical behavior, but risk stratification is still challenging. We sought to identify immune-related gene expression signatures of pure DCIS associated with different risks of breast cancer recurrence. METHODS A retrospective nested case-control study of 143 pure DCIS was performed including 70 women with subsequent ipsilateral breast event (IBE, in situ or invasive; cases) and 73 DCIS women with no IBE and matched for age, tumor size, treatment, hormone receptors/HER2 status, and follow-up time (controls). RNA was extracted from DCIS samples and subjected to next-generation sequencing gene expression analysis of 395 immune-related genes. Correlations between DCIS immune-related gene expression and IBE were analyzed using weighted Cox regression for nested case-control data. RESULTS Eight immune-related genes were differentially expressed between cases and controls. MAGEA10 expression (present vs. absent) and high expression levels of IFNA17 and CBLB (Q4 vs. Q1) were observed more frequently in DCIS of women with subsequent IBE, mainly invasive (p-valueFDR < 0.05). Conversely, expression of IL3RA1, TAGAP, TNFAIP8, and high expression levels of CCL2 and LRP1 were associated with a lower risk of IBE (p-valueFDR < 0.05). CONCLUSION This exploratory analysis of pure DCIS showed significant differences in immune-related gene expression profiles between women with and with no subsequent IBE, particularly as invasive IBE. These results, after additional validation, could improve risk stratification and management of DCIS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Guerini-Rocco
- Division of Pathology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Federica Bellerba
- Molecular and Pharmaco-Epidemiology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Concardi
- Division of Pathology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Giulio Cammarata
- Molecular and Pharmaco-Epidemiology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Caterina Fumagalli
- Division of Pathology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Medical Genetics Unit, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milan, Italy
| | - Aliana Guerrieri-Gonzaga
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Debora Macis
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Eliza Del Fiol Manna
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Maria Cannone
- Interhospital Pathology Division, Multimedica IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Veronesi
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Division of Breast Surgery, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Fusco
- Division of Pathology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Bernardo Bonanni
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Viale
- Division of Pathology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Barberis
- Division of Pathology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Gandini
- Molecular and Pharmaco-Epidemiology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Lazzeroni
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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Waisberg E, Ong J, Lee AG. Ethical Considerations of Neuralink and Brain-Computer Interfaces. Ann Biomed Eng 2024:10.1007/s10439-024-03511-2. [PMID: 38602573 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-024-03511-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Neuralink is a neurotechnology company founded by Elon Musk in 2016, which has been quietly developing revolutionary technology allowing for ultra-high precision bidirectional communication between external devices and the brain. In this paper, we explore the multifaceted ethical considerations surrounding neural interfaces, analyzing potential societal impacts, risks, and call for a need for responsible innovation. Despite the technological, medical, medicolegal, and ethical challenges ahead, neural interface technology remains extremely promising and has the potential to create a new era of medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan Waisberg
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Joshua Ong
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan Kellogg Eye Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Andrew G Lee
- Center for Space Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Blanton Eye Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Departments of Ophthalmology, Neurology, and Neurosurgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Texas A&M College of Medicine, Bryan, TX, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
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Samare-Najaf M, Kouchaki H, Moein Mahini S, Saberi Rounkian M, Tavakoli Y, Samareh A, Karim Azadbakht M, Jamali N. Prostate cancer: Novel genetic and immunologic biomarkers. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 555:117824. [PMID: 38316287 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.117824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is considered one of the most prevalent male malignancies worldwide with a global burden estimated to increase over the next two decades. Due to significant mortality and debilitation of survival, early diagnosis has been described as key. Unfortunately, current diagnostic serum-based strategies have low specificity and sensitivity. Histologic examination is invasive and not useful for treatment and monitoring purposes. Hence, a plethora of studies have been conducted to identify and validate an efficient noninvasive approach in the diagnosis, staging, and prognosis of PCa. These investigations may be categorized as genetic (non-coding biomarkers and gene markers), immunologic (immune cells, interleukins, cytokines, antibodies, and auto-antibodies), and heterogenous (PSA-related markers, PHI-related indices, and urinary biomarkers) subgroups. This review examines current approaches and potential strategies using biomarker panels in PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Samare-Najaf
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hosein Kouchaki
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Moein Mahini
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Saberi Rounkian
- Student Research Committee, School of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Yasaman Tavakoli
- Department of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Ali Samareh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Navid Jamali
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran.
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Heneidy SZ, Al-Sodany YM, Fakhry AM, Kamal SA, Halmy MWA, Bidak LM, Kenany ETE, Toto SM. Biology of Nicotiana glutinosa L., a newly recorded species from an archaeological excavation site in Egypt. BMC Plant Biol 2024; 24:148. [PMID: 38418955 PMCID: PMC10900750 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04816-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During a field survey of urban flora in Alexandria city in 2019-2022, an interesting species belonging to the Solanaceae was collected from a newly archaeological excavation site and identified as Nicotiana glutinosa L. Many visits were made to the herbaria of Egypt to confirm the species records, but no single record was found. Reviewing the available literature revealed that this tropical American taxon was never recorded in the flora of Egypt. AIMS The present study was focused on N. glutinosa growth structure and plant macro- and micromorphology. METHODS Ten sampling sites were covered for N. glutinosa size structure. Plant samples were examined for stem anatomy, leaf, seed, and pollen morphology. RESULTS The species size structure reveals that the individual size index ranges from 1.33 to 150 cm, while its density ranges from 4 to 273 individuals /100 m-2. N. glutinosa has successfully established itself in one of the archaeological sites in Egypt, showing a "healthy" population with a high degree of size inequality, characterized by a relative majority of the juvenile individuals. Voucher specimens were deposited in the Herbarium of Alexandria University (ALEX) Faculty of Science, another specimen is processed to make herbarium specimens at the Herbarium of the Botanic Garden (Heneidy et al. collection, deposition number. 5502). CONCLUSIONS From our observations, N. glutinosa seems to have invasive potential, as it shows characteristics shared by most invasive species that are thought to help in their successful establishment in new habitats. This article emphasizes the importance of monitoring and regularly reporting the threats of alien invasive species to avoid any possible negative impacts on indigenous biodiversity in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selim Z Heneidy
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 21511, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Yassin M Al-Sodany
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 21511, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Amal M Fakhry
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 21511, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Sania A Kamal
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 21511, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Marwa Waseem A Halmy
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 21511, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Laila M Bidak
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 21511, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Eman T El Kenany
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 21511, Alexandria, Egypt
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Soliman M Toto
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 21511, Alexandria, Egypt.
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Peetermans M, Matheeussen V, Moerman C, De Rydt F, Thieren S, Pollet E, Casaer M, De Backer B, De Paep R, Debaveye Y, Desmet L, Desmet S, Duval EIM, Fraipont V, Geysels D, Hermans G, Lahaye F, Mathy X, Meersseman P, Meex C, Van Herck J, van Kleef-van Koeveringe S, Layios N, Wauters J, Jorens PG. Clinical and molecular epidemiological features of critically ill patients with invasive group A Streptococcus infections: a Belgian multicenter case-series. Ann Intensive Care 2024; 14:19. [PMID: 38286885 PMCID: PMC10825083 DOI: 10.1186/s13613-024-01249-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent alerts have highlighted an increase in group A streptococcal (GAS) infections since 2022 in Europe and the United States. Streptococcus pyogenes can cause limited skin or mucosal disease, but can also present as severe invasive disease necessitating critical care. We performed a multicenter retrospective study of patients with GAS infections recently admitted to Belgian intensive care units (ICUs) since January 2022. We describe patient characteristics and investigate the molecular epidemiology of the S. pyogenes strains involved. RESULTS Between January 2022 and May 2023, a total of 86 cases (56 adults, 30 children) with GAS disease were admitted to critical care in the university hospitals of Leuven, Antwerp and Liège. We noted a strikingly high incidence of severe community-acquired pneumonia (sCAP) (45% of adults, 77% of children) complicated with empyema in 45% and 83% of adult and pediatric cases, respectively. Two-thirds of patients with S. pyogenes pneumonia had viral co-infection, with influenza (13 adults, 5 children) predominating. Other disease presentations included necrotizing fasciitis (23% of adults), other severe skin/soft tissue infections (16% of adults, 13% of children) and ear/nose/throat infections (13% of adults, 13% of children). Cardiogenic shock was frequent (36% of adults, 20% of children). Fifty-six patients (65%) had toxic shock syndrome. Organ support requirements were high and included invasive mechanical ventilation (77% of adults, 50% of children), renal replacement therapy (29% of adults, 3% of children) and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (20% of adults, 7% of children). Mortality was 21% in adults and 3% in children. Genomic analysis of S. pyogenes strains from 55 out of 86 patients showed a predominance of emm1 strains (73%), with a replacement of the M1global lineage by the toxigenic M1UK lineage (83% of emm1 strains were M1UK). CONCLUSIONS The recent rise of severe GAS infections (2022-23) is associated with introduction of the M1UK lineage in Belgium, but other factors may be at play-including intense circulation of respiratory viruses and potentially an immune debt after the COVID pandemic. Importantly, critical care physicians should include S. pyogenes as causative pathogen in the differential diagnosis of sCAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marijke Peetermans
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Department of General Internal Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
- Laboratory for Clinical Infectious and Inflammatory Disorders, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Veerle Matheeussen
- Department of Microbiology and Belgian Reference Centre for Invasive β-Hemolytic Streptococci, Antwerp University Hospital, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650, Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium
- Laboratory of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Cedric Moerman
- Department of Adult and Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650, Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, GZA Hospital Group, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Fréderic De Rydt
- Department of Adult and Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650, Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chirec Hospitals, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sabine Thieren
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Department of General Internal Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Anesthesiology, VITAZ Hospital, Sint-Niklaas, Belgium
| | - Emily Pollet
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Department of General Internal Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Michael Casaer
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Benjamin De Backer
- Service de Microbiologie Clinique, CHR Citadelle, Bd du Douzième de Ligne 1, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Rudi De Paep
- Department of Adult and Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650, Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Yves Debaveye
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lars Desmet
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stefanie Desmet
- Laboratory for Clinical Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Els I M Duval
- Department of Adult and Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650, Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Vincent Fraipont
- Service des Soins Intensifs, CHR Citadelle, Bd du Douzième de Ligne 1, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Dieter Geysels
- Department of Microbiology and Belgian Reference Centre for Invasive β-Hemolytic Streptococci, Antwerp University Hospital, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650, Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Greet Hermans
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Department of General Internal Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frederik Lahaye
- Department of Adult and Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650, Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Xavier Mathy
- Service des Soins Intensifs, CHR Citadelle, Bd du Douzième de Ligne 1, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Philippe Meersseman
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Department of General Internal Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Cécile Meex
- Service de Microbiologie Clinique, University Hospital Liège, Avenue de l'Hôpital, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Jozef Van Herck
- Department of Adult and Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650, Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Stefanie van Kleef-van Koeveringe
- Department of Microbiology and Belgian Reference Centre for Invasive β-Hemolytic Streptococci, Antwerp University Hospital, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650, Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Layios
- Department of Intensive Care, University Hospital Liège, Avenue de l'Hôpital, 4000, Liège, Belgium
- Département des Sciences Cliniques, University of Liège, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Joost Wauters
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Department of General Internal Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for Clinical Infectious and Inflammatory Disorders, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Philippe G Jorens
- Department of Adult and Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650, Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP), University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
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Shao Y, Shen M, Peng D, Cheng W, Mao C, Zhang H, Sun Y. Observation of a Bone Invasion Model of Aspergillus fumigatus In Vitro and Analysis of the Antifungal Susceptibility. Mycopathologia 2024; 189:4. [PMID: 38231458 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-023-00817-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, the prevalence of invasive fungal infections has been on the rise, and one of the prevalent symptoms frequently observed is bone deterioration and bone loss. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using an in vitro model we studied how Aspergillus fumigatus invades the bone. Pathological analysis was then employed to observe the structure and distinctive features of the invading fungal elements within the bone invasion model. Meanwhile, the antifungal effects of itraconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, and amphotericin B were evaluated. RESULTS The pathological findings showed that in the experimental group, fungal spores and hyphae invaded the bone tissue or were observed growing in the vicinity of the bone edge tissues, as indicated by both HE and PAS staining. In contrast, no fungal elements were observed in the control group, indicating that the in vitro bone invasion model of A. fumigatus was successfully constructed. Furthermore, the findings from the antifungal sensitivity test demonstrated that the lowest effective concentrations of antifungal drugs against the bone invasion model were as follows: 4 μg/ml for itraconazole, 0.5 μg/ml for voriconazole, 2 μg/ml for posaconazole, and 2 μg/ml for amphotericin B. DISCUSSION The successful construction of the bone invasion model of A. fumigatus has provided a solid basis for future investigations into the mechanisms underlying A. fumigatus bone invasion and the study of its virulence factors. Utilizing bone models is of utmost importance in advancing the development of novel antifungal treatment approaches, as well as in effectively preventing and treating fungal bone invasion and osteolytic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Shao
- Department of Orthopedics, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Min Shen
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Dan Peng
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Wenxu Cheng
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Chenggang Mao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434020, Hubei, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Dermatology, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434020, Hubei, China.
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8
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Penack O, Tridello G, Salmenniemi U, Martino R, Khanna N, Perruccio K, Fagioli F, Richert-Przygonska M, Labussière-Wallet H, Maertens J, Jubert C, Aljurf M, Pichler H, Kriván G, Kunadt D, Popova M, Gabriel M, Calore E, Blau IW, Benedetti F, Itäla-Remes M, de Kort E, Russo D, Faraci M, Ménard AL, Borne PVD, Poiré X, Yesilipek A, Gozdzik J, Yeğin ZA, Yañez L, Facchini L, Van Gorkom G, Thurner L, Kocak U, Sampol A, Zuckerman T, Bierings M, Mielke S, Ciceri F, Wendel L, Knelange N, Mikulska M, Averbuch D, Styczynski J, Camara RDL, Cesaro S. Influence of invasive aspergillosis during acute leukaemia treatment on survival after allogeneic stem cell transplantation: a prospective study of the EBMT Infectious Diseases Working Party. EClinicalMedicine 2024; 67:102393. [PMID: 38152413 PMCID: PMC10751840 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Infections are the main reason for mortality during acute leukaemia treatment and invasive aspergillosis (IA) is a major concern. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) is a standard therapy and often is the only live-saving procedure in leukaemia patients. The profound immunodeficiency occurring after alloSCT led to high IA-associated mortality in the past. Therefore, patients with IA were historically considered transplant-ineligible. Recently, there has been improvement of anti-fungal management including novel anti-fungal agents. As a result, more leukaemia patients with IA are undergoing alloSCT. Outcome has not been prospectively assessed. Methods We performed a prospective study in acute leukaemia patients undergoing alloSCT to analyse the impact of a prior history of probable or proven IA (pre-SCT IA). The primary endpoint was 1-year non-relapse mortality (NRM). Relapse free survival and overall survival were analysed as secondary endpoints. Findings 1439 patients were included between 2016 and 2021. The incidence of probable or proven pre-SCT IA was 6.0% (n = 87). The cumulative incidence of 1-year NRM was 17.3% (95% CI 10.2-26.0) and 11.2% (9.6-13.0) for patients with and without pre-SCT IA. In multivariate analyses the hazard ratio (HR) for 1-year NRM was 2.1 (1.2-3.6; p = 0.009) for patients with pre-SCT IA. One-year relapse-free survival was inferior in patients with pre-SCT IA (59.4% [48.3-68.9] vs. 70.4 [67.9-72.8]; multivariate HR 1.5 [1.1-2.1]; p = 0.02). Consequently, 1-year overall survival was lower in patients with pre-SCT IA: (68.8% [57.8-77.4] vs. 79.0% [76.7-81.1]; multivariate HR 1.7 [1.1-2.5]; p = 0.01). Interpretation Pre-SCT IA remains to be significantly associated with impaired alloSCT outcome. On the other hand, more than two thirds of patients with pre-SCT IA were alive at one year after alloSCT. IA is not anymore an absolute contraindication for alloSCT because the majority of patients with IA who undergo alloSCT benefit from this procedure. Funding There was no external funding source for this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olaf Penack
- Medizinische Klinik m. S. Hämatologie, Onkologie und Tumorimmunologie, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Nina Khanna
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Katia Perruccio
- Pediatric Oncology Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Program, Santa Maria Della Misericordia Hospital, Perugia
| | | | - Monika Richert-Przygonska
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University Torun, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | | | | | - Charlotte Jubert
- CHU Bordeaux Groupe Hospitalier Pellegrin-Enfants, Bordeaux, France
| | - Mahmoud Aljurf
- King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Herbert Pichler
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, St. Anna Children's Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Marina Popova
- RM Gorbacheva Research Institute, Pavlov University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Melissa Gabriel
- Cancer Centre for Children, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
| | - Elisabetta Calore
- Pediatric Hematology Oncology and Stem Cell Transplant Division, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Azienda Ospedale-UniversitàPadova, Italy
| | - Igor Wolfgang Blau
- Medizinische Klinik m. S. Hämatologie, Onkologie und Tumorimmunologie, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Elizabeth de Kort
- Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Domenico Russo
- Unit of Blood Diseases and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Brescia University, Italy
| | - Maura Faraci
- HSCT Unit, Department of Hematology-Oncology, IRCCS Istituto G. Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | | | | | - Xavier Poiré
- Cliniques Universitaires St. Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Jolanta Gozdzik
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transplantation, Jagiellonian University Medical Collage, University Children's Hospital in Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Lucrecia Yañez
- Hospital U. Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
| | | | | | - Lorenz Thurner
- Lorenz Thurner, University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Ulker Kocak
- Gazi University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Antònia Sampol
- Hospital Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Tsila Zuckerman
- Rambam Medical Center, Technion –Faculty of Medicine. Haifa, Israel
| | - Marc Bierings
- Princess Maxima Center/ University Hospital for Children (WKZ), Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Fabio Ciceri
- Università Vita Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Malgorzata Mikulska
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Genoa and Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Dina Averbuch
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Hadassah Medical Center, Israel
| | - Jan Styczynski
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University Torun, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | | | - Simone Cesaro
- Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Department of Mother and Child, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
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9
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Abbas AE, Khalili H, Madanat L, Elmariah S, Shannon F, Al-Azizi K, Waggoner T, Pilgrim T, Okuno T, Bavry A, Ternacle J, Christensen J, Cabau JR, Mack M, Pibarot P. Echocardiographic Versus Invasive Aortic Valve Gradients in Different Clinical Scenarios. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2023; 36:1302-1314. [PMID: 37507058 DOI: 10.1016/j.echo.2023.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of echocardiography in deriving transvalvular mean gradients from transaortic velocities in aortic stenosis (AS) and in structural valve degeneration (SVD) is well established. However, reports following surgical aortic valve replacement, post-transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), and valve-in-valve-TAVR (ViV-TAVR) have cautioned against the use of echocardiography-derived mean gradients to assess normal functioning bioprosthesis due to discrepancy compared with invasive measures in a phenomenon called discordance. METHODS In a multicenter study, intraprocedural echocardiographic and invasive mean gradients in AS, SVD, post-native TAVR, and post-ViV-TAVR were compared, when obtained concomitantly, and discharge echocardiographic gradients were recorded. Absolute discordance (intraprocedural echocardiographic - invasive mean gradient) and percent discordance (intraprocedural echocardiographic - invasive mean gradient/echocardiographic mean gradient) were calculated. Multivariable regression analysis was performed to determine variables independently associated with elevated postprocedure invasive gradients ≥20 mm Hg, absolute discordance >10 mm Hg, and discharge echocardiographic mean gradient ≥20 mm Hg. RESULTS A total of 5,027 patients were included in the registry: 4,725 native TAVR and 302 ViV-TAVR. Intraprocedural concomitant echocardiographic and invasive mean gradients were obtained pre-TAVR in AS (n = 2,418), pre-ViV-TAVR in SVD (n = 101), in post-ViV-TAVR (n = 77), and in post-TAVR (n = 823). Echocardiographic and invasive mean gradients demonstrated strong correlation (r = 0.69) and agreement (bias, 0.11; 95% CI, -0.4-0.62) in AS, moderate correlation (r = 0.56) and agreement (bias, 1.08; 95% CI, -2.53 to 4.59) in SVD, moderate correlation (r = 0.61) and weak agreement (bias, 6.47; 95% CI, 5.08-7.85) post-ViV-TAVR, and weak correlation (r = 0.18) and agreement (bias, 3.41; 95% CI, 3.16-3.65) post-TAVR. Absolute discordance occurs primarily in ViV-TVR and is not explained by sinotubular junction size and increases with increasing echocardiographic mean gradient. Percent discordance in AS and SVD (1.3% and 4%, respectively) was lower compared with post-TAVR/ViV-TAVR (66.7% and 100%, respectively). Compared with self-expanding valves, balloon expanding valves were independently associated with elevated discharge echocardiographic but lower invasive mean gradient (odds ratio = 3.411, 95% CI, 1.482-7.852, P = .004; vs odds ratio = 0.308, 95% CI, 0.130-0.731, P = .008, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Post-TAVR/ViV-TAVR, echocardiography is discordant from invasive mean gradients, and absolute discordance increases with increasing echocardiographic mean gradient and is not explained by sinotubular junction size. Percent discordance is significantly higher post-TAVR/ViV-TAVR than in AS and SVD. Post-TAVR/ViV-TAVR, poor correlation and wide limits of agreement suggest echocardiographic and invasive mean gradients may not be used interchangeably and a high residual echocardiographic mean gradient should be confirmed invasively before considering any additional procedure to "correct" the gradient. Transcatheter aortic valve replacement valve types have variable impact on echocardiographic and invasive mean gradients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr E Abbas
- Corewell Health, William Beaumont University Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan; Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Auburn Hills, Michigan.
| | | | - Luai Madanat
- Corewell Health, William Beaumont University Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan
| | | | - Francis Shannon
- Corewell Health, William Beaumont University Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan; Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Auburn Hills, Michigan
| | | | | | | | | | - Anthony Bavry
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Julien Ternacle
- Université Laval/Québec Heart and Lung Institute, Québec, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Josep R Cabau
- Université Laval/Québec Heart and Lung Institute, Québec, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Philippe Pibarot
- Université Laval/Québec Heart and Lung Institute, Québec, Ontario, Canada
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10
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Hatami M, Kouchak M, Kheirollah A, Khorsandi L, Rashidi M. Quercetin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles exhibit antitumor activity and suppress the proliferation of triple-negative MDA-MB 231 breast cancer cells: implications for invasive breast cancer treatment. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:9417-9430. [PMID: 37831347 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08848-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quercetin (QC) is a naturally occurring flavonoid found in abundance in fruits and vegetables. Its anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties have been previously demonstrated, but its low bioavailability hampers its clinical use. Triple-negative breast cancer is a subtype of breast cancer with a poor response to chemotherapy. This study investigates the anti-cancer effects of quercetin-solid lipid nanoparticles (QC-SLN) on the triple-negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB231. MATERIALS AND METHODS MCF-7 and MDA-MB231 cells were treated with 18.9 µM of QC and QC-SLN for 48 h. Cell viability, apoptosis, colony formation assay, and the anti-angiogenic effects of the treatment were evaluated. RESULTS QC-SLN displayed optimal properties (particle size of 154 nm, zeta potential of -27.7 mV, encapsulation efficiency of 99.6%, and drug loading of 1.81%) and exhibited sustained release of QC over 72 h. Compared to the QC group, the QC-SLN group showed a significant decrease in cell viability, colony formation, angiogenesis, and a substantial increase in apoptosis through the modulation of Bax and Bcl-2 at both gene and protein levels. The augmentation in the proportion of cleaved-to-pro caspases 3 and 9, as well as poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), under the influence of QC-SLN, was conspicuously observed in both cancer cell lines. CONCLUSIONS This study showcases quercetin-solid lipid nanoparticles (QC-SLN) as a promising therapy for triple-negative breast cancer. The optimized QC-SLN formulation improved physicochemical properties and sustained quercetin release, resulting in reduced cell viability, colony formation, angiogenesis, and increased apoptosis in the MDA-MB231 cell line. These effects were driven by modulating Bax and Bcl-2 expression, activating caspases 3 and 9, and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Further in vivo studies are needed to confirm QC-SLN's efficacy and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Hatami
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institution, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Maryam Kouchak
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Alireza Kheirollah
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Layasadat Khorsandi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institution, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Rashidi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institution, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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11
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Griesheimer JL, Gaffke AM, Minteer C, Mass JL, Hight S, Martini X. Attraction of the Air Potato Leaf Beetle, Lilioceris Cheni, (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) to leaf Volatiles of the Air Potato, Dioscorea bulbifera. J Chem Ecol 2023; 49:498-506. [PMID: 37278905 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-023-01436-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Air potato, Dioscorea bulbifera L., is an invasive vine found in the southeastern United States and is native to Asia and Africa. The air potato leaf beetle Lilioceris cheni (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), is a host specific biological control agent introduced for D. bulbifera control. In this study, odor cues that control the attraction of L. cheni to D. bulbifera were investigated. The first experiment investigated the response of L. cheni to D. bulbifera leaves versus no leaves in the presence or absence of air flow. The experiment showed a significant response of L. cheni to D. bulbifera leaves in the presence of air flow with leaves placed upwind. When air flow and/or leaves were absent, L. cheni dispersed randomly between the upwind and downwind targets, indicating L. cheni uses volatiles from D. bulbifera in host selection. The second experiment investigated L. cheni response to undamaged, larval-damaged, and adult-damaged plants. Lilioceris cheni showed preference to move towards conspecific damaged plants compared to undamaged plants but did not discriminate between larvae-damaged or adult-damaged plants. The third experiment investigated volatile profiles of damaged D. bulbifera plants using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectroscopy. We found significant differences in volatile profiles between adult and larval damaged plants compared to mechanically damaged and undamaged plants, with increases in 11 volatile compounds. However, larval and adult-damaged volatile profiles did not differ. The information acquired during this study could be used to develop strategies to monitor for L. cheni and improve its biological control program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Griesheimer
- Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, North Florida Research and Education Center, Quincy, FL, USA
| | - Alexander M Gaffke
- Insect Behavior and Biocontrol Research Unit, Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Carey Minteer
- Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Indian River Research and Education Center, Ft. Pierce, FL, USA
| | - John L Mass
- Insect Behavior and Biocontrol Research Unit, Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Stephen Hight
- Insect Behavior and Biocontrol Research Unit, Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture (Retired), Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Xavier Martini
- Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, North Florida Research and Education Center, Quincy, FL, USA.
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12
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Scholte NTB, Gürgöze MT, Aydin D, Theuns DAMJ, Manintveld OC, Ronner E, Boersma E, de Boer RA, van der Boon RMA, Brugts JJ. Telemonitoring for heart failure: a meta-analysis. Eur Heart J 2023; 44:2911-2926. [PMID: 37216272 PMCID: PMC10424885 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Telemonitoring modalities in heart failure (HF) have been proposed as being essential for future organization and transition of HF care, however, efficacy has not been proven. A comprehensive meta-analysis of studies on home telemonitoring systems (hTMS) in HF and the effect on clinical outcomes are provided. METHODS AND RESULTS A systematic literature search was performed in four bibliographic databases, including randomized trials and observational studies that were published during January 1996-July 2022. A random-effects meta-analysis was carried out comparing hTMS with standard of care. All-cause mortality, first HF hospitalization, and total HF hospitalizations were evaluated as study endpoints. Sixty-five non-invasive hTMS studies and 27 invasive hTMS studies enrolled 36 549 HF patients, with a mean follow-up of 11.5 months. In patients using hTMS compared with standard of care, a significant 16% reduction in all-cause mortality was observed [pooled odds ratio (OR): 0.84, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.77-0.93, I2: 24%], as well as a significant 19% reduction in first HF hospitalization (OR: 0.81, 95% CI 0.74-0.88, I2: 22%) and a 15% reduction in total HF hospitalizations (pooled incidence rate ratio: 0.85, 95% CI 0.76-0.96, I2: 70%). CONCLUSION These results are an advocacy for the use of hTMS in HF patients to reduce all-cause mortality and HF-related hospitalizations. Still, the methods of hTMS remain diverse, so future research should strive to standardize modes of effective hTMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels T B Scholte
- Department of Cardiology, Thorax Centre, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, Rotterdam, South Holland 3015 GD, The Netherlands
| | - Muhammed T Gürgöze
- Department of Cardiology, Thorax Centre, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, Rotterdam, South Holland 3015 GD, The Netherlands
| | - Dilan Aydin
- Department of Cardiology, Thorax Centre, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, Rotterdam, South Holland 3015 GD, The Netherlands
| | - Dominic A M J Theuns
- Department of Cardiology, Thorax Centre, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, Rotterdam, South Holland 3015 GD, The Netherlands
| | - Olivier C Manintveld
- Department of Cardiology, Thorax Centre, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, Rotterdam, South Holland 3015 GD, The Netherlands
| | - Eelko Ronner
- Department of Cardiology, Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg 5, Delft, South Holland 2625 AD, The Netherlands
| | - Eric Boersma
- Department of Cardiology, Thorax Centre, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, Rotterdam, South Holland 3015 GD, The Netherlands
| | - Rudolf A de Boer
- Department of Cardiology, Thorax Centre, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, Rotterdam, South Holland 3015 GD, The Netherlands
| | - Robert M A van der Boon
- Department of Cardiology, Thorax Centre, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, Rotterdam, South Holland 3015 GD, The Netherlands
| | - Jasper J Brugts
- Department of Cardiology, Thorax Centre, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, Rotterdam, South Holland 3015 GD, The Netherlands
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13
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Seligman H, Patel SB, Alloula A, Howard JP, Cook CM, Ahmad Y, de Waard GA, Pinto ME, van de Hoef TP, Rahman H, Kelshiker MA, Rajkumar CA, Foley M, Nowbar AN, Mehta S, Toulemonde M, Tang MX, Al-Lamee R, Sen S, Cole G, Nijjer S, Escaned J, Van Royen N, Francis DP, Shun-Shin MJ, Petraco R. Development of artificial intelligence tools for invasive Doppler-based coronary microvascular assessment. Eur Heart J Digit Health 2023; 4:291-301. [PMID: 37538145 PMCID: PMC10393887 DOI: 10.1093/ehjdh/ztad030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Aims Coronary flow reserve (CFR) assessment has proven clinical utility, but Doppler-based methods are sensitive to noise and operator bias, limiting their clinical applicability. The objective of the study is to expand the adoption of invasive Doppler CFR, through the development of artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms to automatically quantify coronary Doppler quality and track flow velocity. Methods and results A neural network was trained on images extracted from coronary Doppler flow recordings to score signal quality and derive values for coronary flow velocity and CFR. The outputs were independently validated against expert consensus. Artificial intelligence successfully quantified Doppler signal quality, with high agreement with expert consensus (Spearman's rho: 0.94), and within individual experts. Artificial intelligence automatically tracked flow velocity with superior numerical agreement against experts, when compared with the current console algorithm [AI flow vs. expert flow bias -1.68 cm/s, 95% confidence interval (CI) -2.13 to -1.23 cm/s, P < 0.001 with limits of agreement (LOA) -4.03 to 0.68 cm/s; console flow vs. expert flow bias -2.63 cm/s, 95% CI -3.74 to -1.52, P < 0.001, 95% LOA -8.45 to -3.19 cm/s]. Artificial intelligence yielded more precise CFR values [median absolute difference (MAD) against expert CFR: 4.0% for AI and 7.4% for console]. Artificial intelligence tracked lower-quality Doppler signals with lower variability (MAD against expert CFR 8.3% for AI and 16.7% for console). Conclusion An AI-based system, trained by experts and independently validated, could assign a quality score to Doppler traces and derive coronary flow velocity and CFR. By making Doppler CFR more automated, precise, and operator-independent, AI could expand the clinical applicability of coronary microvascular assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Seligman
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, B Block, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0HS, UK
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Sapna B Patel
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, B Block, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0HS, UK
| | - Anissa Alloula
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, B Block, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0HS, UK
| | - James P Howard
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, B Block, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0HS, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0HS, UK
| | - Christopher M Cook
- Essex Cardiothoracic Centre, Basildon, Essex, UK
- Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, UK
| | - Yousif Ahmad
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Guus A de Waard
- Heart Centre, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mauro Echavarría Pinto
- Hospital General ISSSTE Queretaro, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Tim P van de Hoef
- Heart Centre, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Haseeb Rahman
- The British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence and the National Institute for Health and Care Research Biomedical Research Centre at the School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, Kings College Medical School, St Thomas Hospital, London, UK
| | - Mihir A Kelshiker
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, B Block, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0HS, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0HS, UK
| | - Christopher A Rajkumar
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, B Block, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0HS, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0HS, UK
| | - Michael Foley
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, B Block, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0HS, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0HS, UK
| | - Alexandra N Nowbar
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, B Block, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0HS, UK
| | - Samay Mehta
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, B Block, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0HS, UK
| | | | - Meng-Xing Tang
- Department of Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Rasha Al-Lamee
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, B Block, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0HS, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0HS, UK
| | - Sayan Sen
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, B Block, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0HS, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0HS, UK
| | - Graham Cole
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, B Block, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0HS, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0HS, UK
| | - Sukhjinder Nijjer
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, B Block, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0HS, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0HS, UK
| | - Javier Escaned
- Hospital Clínico San Carlos IDISSC and Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Niels Van Royen
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Darrel P Francis
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, B Block, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0HS, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0HS, UK
| | - Matthew J Shun-Shin
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, B Block, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0HS, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0HS, UK
| | - Ricardo Petraco
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, B Block, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0HS, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0HS, UK
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14
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Levri EP, Hutchinson S, Luft R, Berkheimer C, Wilson K. Population influences desiccation tolerance in an invasive aquatic snail, Potamopyrgus antipodarum (Tateidae, Mollusca). PeerJ 2023; 11:e15732. [PMID: 37461406 PMCID: PMC10350299 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Traits in species that influence invasion success may vary in populations across its invaded range. The aquatic New Zealand mud snail, Potamopyrgus antipodarum, reproduces parthenogenetically in its invaded range, and a few distinct clonal genotypes have been identified in North America. Much of the spread of the snail in North America has been the result of unintentional overland transport by recreational water users. Thus, desiccation tolerance may play an important role in the invasion success of this species. The primary goal of these experiments is to determine if variation in desiccation tolerance exists between populations of this species. Here we compared multiple multi-locus genotypes (MLGs) and populations within those genotypes with regard to their desiccation tolerance. We conducted three experiments. The first compared the survival rate over time of snails from three populations and two MLGs with regard to their ability to survive being completely removed from water. The second experiment examined different size classes of snails from the same population, and the third experiment compared four different populations and two MLGs genotypes with respect to their survival rate over time when removed from water but being kept in moist conditions. We found larger snails tolerate desiccation longer than smaller snails with snails between 4 and 4.6 mm surviving at a rate of more than 50% after 12 h while smaller snails survived at a less than 5% rate after 12 h. We also found significant variation both between and within MLGs in their survival rate when completely removed from water and dried with the MLG from the western US having a more than 50% greater survival probability than the eastern MLGs at both 18 and 24 h out of water. When removed from water and kept moist all MLGs had a near 100% survival rate at 60 days at 7 °C, and most survived at a greater than 90% rate at 60 days at 17 °C, while no MLG's survived past 30 days at 27 °C. The results demonstrate that variation for desiccation tolerance exists between populations of this invader which could influence the invasiveness of different populations.
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Rustamadji P, Wiyarta E, Anggreani I. Correlation of Before and After Invasive Breast Cancer Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for NFkB, Cyclin D1, and Survivin Expression. Iran J Pathol 2023; 18:147-155. [PMID: 37600572 PMCID: PMC10439759 DOI: 10.30699/ijp.2023.562935.2983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Background & Objective Patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NC) for invasive breast cancer (IBC) therapy need biomarkers to track their progress. Because of the relationship between NFkB, Survivin, and Cyclin D1 with NC resistance, the different expression levels of each of these biomarkers can be different between pre- and post-NC in IBC. However, no research has examined the correlation between these biomarkers before and after the NC expression. This study aimed to determine the correlation among them. Methods Biomarkers expression (low and high) was used to classify 30 samples. ER, PR, HER2, Ki-67 status, tumor grade, age, and NC response were assessed. The amounts of Survivin, Cyclin D1, and NFkB were evaluated using immunohistochemistry, and the samples were classified based on the cut-off. Chi-square and linear regression were used to evaluate the data. Results No significant association was found with the changes in the expression of Survivin, Cyclin D1, and NFkB, both before and after the NC. Significant moderate correlations were shown between before and after the NC Survivin expression (r = 0.513) and Cyclin D1 expression (r = 0.543). The correlation between expression of NFkB before and after the NC was not significant. Conclusion The high potential of these proteins as prognostic indicators was demonstrated by the strong positive association between the expression of Survivin and Cyclin D1 before and after the NC. This upregulation of biomarkers indicates chemoresistance in developing IBC in the presence of NC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Primariadewi Rustamadji
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia-Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Elvan Wiyarta
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia-Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ineke Anggreani
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia-Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Galli A, Behrens JW, Gesto M, Moran NP. Boldness and physiological variation in round goby populations along their Baltic Sea invasion front. Physiol Behav 2023:114261. [PMID: 37290607 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) is a fish native to the Ponto-Caspian region that is highly invasive through freshwater and brackish habitats in northern Europe and North America. Individual behavioural variation appears to be an important factor in their spread, for example a round goby's personality traits can influence their dispersal tendency, which may also produce variation in the behavioural composition of populations at different points along their invasion fronts. To further analyze the drivers of behavioural variation within invasive round goby populations, we focused on two populations along the Baltic Sea invasion front with closely comparable physical and community characteristics. Specifically, this study measured personality within a novel environment and predator response context (i.e., boldness), and directly analyzed links between individuals' personality traits and their physiological characteristics and stress responses (i.e., blood cortisol and lactate, brain neurotransmitters). In contrast to previous findings, the more recently established population had similar activity levels but were less bold in response to a predator cue than the older population, which suggests that behavioural compositions within our study populations may be more driven by local environmental conditions rather than being a result of personality-biased dispersal. Furthermore, we found that both populations showed similar physiological stress responses, and there also appeared to be no detectable relationship between physiological parameters and behavioural responses to predator cues. Instead, body size and body condition were important factors influencing individual behavioural responses. Overall, our results reinforce the importance of boldness traits as a form of phenotypic variation in round goby populations in the Baltic Sea. We also highlight the importance of these traits for future studies specifically testing for effects of invasion processes on phenotypic variation in the species. Nonetheless, our results also highlight that the physiological mechanisms underpinning behavioural variation in these populations remain unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Galli
- Institute for Aquatic Resources (DTU Aqua), Technical University of Denmark, Anker Engelunds Vej 101, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jane W Behrens
- Institute for Aquatic Resources (DTU Aqua), Technical University of Denmark, Anker Engelunds Vej 101, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Manuel Gesto
- Institute for Aquatic Resources (DTU Aqua), Technical University of Denmark, Anker Engelunds Vej 101, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Nicholas P Moran
- Centre for Ocean Life - DTU Aqua, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark; Centre of Excellence for Biosecurity Risk Analysis, School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
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17
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Djoumi Y, Sadr-Azodi O, Vujasinovic M, Del Chiaro M, Sparrelid E, Ghorbani P, Holmberg M. Pre-emptive resection for intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasia - Long-term outcome is similar between non- invasive and early invasive lesions in a tertiary single center. Pancreatology 2023; 23:389-395. [PMID: 37002181 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2023.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pre-emptive resection for intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) aims to reduce the risk before invasive transformation has taken place. Pancreatic resections are highly associated with major morbidity and mortality. Long-term overall survival (OS) after resection for invasive IPMN (inv-IPMN) in early stages is favorable. Comparison of long-term OS for resected non-invasive IPMN and early staged inv-IPMN is poorly delineated. This study aims to compare outcomes for resected non-invasive IPMN and T1-staged inv-IPMN. METHODS All patients ≥18 years of age resected for IPMN up to stage T1 at Karolinska University Hospital between 2008 and 2020 were included. Two-year OS were compared between groups by chi-squared test, and 5-year OS was estimated using Kaplan-Meier method. Covariates associated with death was assessed in multivariable Cox regression model. RESULTS We included 284 patients, 264 (93%) non-invasive IPMN and 20 (7%) T1-staged inv-IPMN. Dysplasia of low grade (LGD) and high grade, i.e., tumor in situ (Tis) were present in 190 (67%) and 75 (26%) patients respectively. The 2-year OS for the entire cohort was 96%, and there were no differences between non-invasive and inv-IPMN (96% vs 92%, p = 0.203), nor between IPMN with LGD and Tis-T1b-staged IPMN (96% vs 95%, p = 0.734). CONCLUSION Two thirds of the specimen from pre-emptive resections were of LGD and did not involve superior OS than in situ or early cancer. Due to high complication burden, efforts should be made to avoid resection when LGD is probable and rather identify more accurate predictors for surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmine Djoumi
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Omid Sadr-Azodi
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Capio S.t Görans Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Miroslav Vujasinovic
- Department of Upper Digestive Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marco Del Chiaro
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, USA
| | - Ernesto Sparrelid
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Upper Digestive Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Poya Ghorbani
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Upper Digestive Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marcus Holmberg
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Capio S.t Görans Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Zamora-Marín JM, Herrero-Reyes AA, Ruiz-Navarro A, Oliva-Paterna FJ. Non-indigenous aquatic fauna in transitional waters from the Spanish Mediterranean coast: A comprehensive assessment. Mar Pollut Bull 2023; 191:114893. [PMID: 37027964 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Understanding drivers of spatial variation in non-indigenous species (NIS) is a key goal in invasion biology, but comprehensive assessments providing high-resolution data are extremely scarce. Anthropogenic modifications to transitional waters facilitate the invasion of NIS where they cause both ecological and economic important damage. By screening validated data sources, we conducted a comprehensive assessment of non-indigenous aquatic fauna in Spanish Mediterranean transitional waters (30 sites), as well as assessed introduction pathways, native regions, NIS assemblage patterns and temporal introduction rate. One hundred and twenty-nine NIS were inventoried, with 72 % established and more than half listed before 1980. Two intentional (release, escape) and two unintentional (contaminant, stowaway) introduction pathways were dominant. Recorded NIS originated mostly from North America and Asia. A clear nested pattern in NIS assemblages was observed across sites, suggesting secondary spread from the most invaded waters placed in the northern regions. Our updated inventory should be pivotal for designing prevention protocols and informing specific management plans on non-indigenous fauna in transitional waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M Zamora-Marín
- Department of Zoology and Physical Anthropology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, CEIR Campus Mare Nostrum (CMN), Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain; Department of Applied Biology, Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentaria (CIAGRO-UMH), Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Elche, Spain.
| | - Antonio A Herrero-Reyes
- Department of Zoology and Physical Anthropology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, CEIR Campus Mare Nostrum (CMN), Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Ana Ruiz-Navarro
- Department of Zoology and Physical Anthropology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, CEIR Campus Mare Nostrum (CMN), Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain; Department of Didactics of Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Education, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco J Oliva-Paterna
- Department of Zoology and Physical Anthropology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, CEIR Campus Mare Nostrum (CMN), Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
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Sepulveda AJ, Dumoulin CE, Blanchette DL, McPhedran J, Holme C, Whalen N, Hunter ME, Merkes CM, Richter CA, Neilson ME, Daniel WM, Jones DN, Smith DR. When are environmental DNA early detections of invasive species actionable? J Environ Manage 2023; 343:118216. [PMID: 37247541 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Environmental DNA (eDNA) sampling provides sensitive early detection capabilities for recently introduced taxa. However, natural resource managers struggle with how to integrate eDNA results into an early detection rapid response program because positive eDNA detections are not always indicative of an eventual infestation. We used a structured decision making (SDM) framework to evaluate appropriate response actions to hypothetical eDNA early detections of an introduced aquatic plant in Sebago Lake (Maine, USA). The results were juxtaposed to a recent study that used a similar SDM approach to evaluate response actions to hypothetical eDNA early detections of introduced mussels in Jordanelle Reservoir (Utah, USA). We found that eDNA early detections were not actionable in Sebago Lake because the plant's invasion potential was spatially constrained and the current management activities provided acceptable levels of mitigation. In Jordanelle Reservoir, eDNA detections were actionable due to high invasion potential and analyses supported management actions to contain the invasion. The divergent outcomes of the two case studies are related to the unique attributes of the habitats and species, highlighting the utility of the SDM approach when considering an eDNA monitoring program. We use these two case studies to present a general SDM framework and a set of heuristics that can be efficiently applied to eDNA early detection rapid response scenarios and other instances associated with indeterminant eDNA detections, especially when there is an imperative to make decisions as quickly as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Sepulveda
- U.S. Geological Survey Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, Bozeman, MT, 59715, USA.
| | - Christine E Dumoulin
- U.S. Geological Survey, Eastern Ecological Science Center, Leetown, WV, 25430, USA
| | | | - John McPhedran
- Maine Department of Environmental Protection, Augusta, ME, 04333, USA
| | - Colin Holme
- Lakes Environmental Association, Bridgton, ME, 04009, USA
| | | | - Margaret E Hunter
- U.S. Geological Survey, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center, Gainesville, FL, 32653, USA
| | - Christopher M Merkes
- U.S. Geological Survey, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, La Crosse, WI, 54603, USA
| | - Catherine A Richter
- U.S. Geological Survey, Columbia Environmental Research Center, Columbia, MO, 65201, USA
| | - Matthew E Neilson
- U.S. Geological Survey, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center, Gainesville, FL, 32653, USA
| | - Wesley M Daniel
- U.S. Geological Survey, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center, Gainesville, FL, 32653, USA
| | - Devin N Jones
- U.S. Geological Survey Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, Bozeman, MT, 59715, USA
| | - David R Smith
- U.S. Geological Survey, Eastern Ecological Science Center, Leetown, WV, 25430, USA
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Li D, Wang Y, Tan H, Luo P, Yu Y. A giant invasive macroprolactinoma with recurrent nasal bleeding as the first clinical presentation: case report and review of literature. BMC Endocr Disord 2023; 23:107. [PMID: 37173679 PMCID: PMC10176701 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-023-01345-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Giant prolactinoma (> 4 cm in dimension) is a rare disorder. Invasive macroprolactinoma has the potential to cause base of skull erosion and extend into the nasal cavity or even the sphenoid sinus. Nasal bleeding caused by intranasal tumor extension is a rare complication associated with invasive giant prolactinoma. We report a case of giant invasive macroprolactinoma with repeated nasal bleeding as the initial symptom. CASE PRESENTATION A 24-year-old man with an invasive giant prolactinoma in the nasal cavity and sellar region who presented with nasal bleeding as the initial symptom, misdiagnosed as olfactory neuroblastoma. However, markedly elevated serum prolactin levels (4700 ng/mL), and a 7.8-cm invasive sellar mass confirmed the diagnosis of invasive giant prolactinoma. He was treated with oral bromocriptine. Serum prolactin was reduced to near normal after 6 months of treatment. Follow-up magnetic resonance imaging showed that the sellar lesion had disappeared completely and the skull base lesions were reduced. CONCLUSION This case is notable in demonstrating the aggressive nature of untreated invasive giant prolactinomas which can cause a diagnostic difficulty with potential serious consequences. Early detection of hormonal levels can avoid unnecessary nasal biopsy. Early identification of pituitary adenoma with nasal bleeding as the first symptom is particularly important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danting Li
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
- Department of Health Management, Health Management Center, General Practice Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Huiwen Tan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China.
| | - Peiqiong Luo
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yerong Yu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
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Belohlavek J, Yannopoulos D, Smalcova J, Rob D, Bartos J, Huptych M, Kavalkova P, Kalra R, Grunau B, Taccone FS, Aufderheide TP. Intraarrest transport, extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and early invasive management in refractory out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: an individual patient data pooled analysis of two randomised trials. EClinicalMedicine 2023; 59:101988. [PMID: 37197707 PMCID: PMC10184044 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.101988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Refractory out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) treated with standard advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) has poor outcomes. Transport to hospital followed by in-hospital extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) initiation may improve outcomes. We performed a pooled individual patient data analysis of two randomised controlled trials evaluating ECPR based approach in OHCA. Methods The individual patient data from two published randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were pooled: ARREST (enrolled Aug 2019-June 2020; NCT03880565) and PRAGUE-OHCA (enrolled March 1, 2013-Oct 25, 2020; NCT01511666). Both trials enrolled patients with refractory OHCA and compared: intra-arrest transport with in-hospital ECPR initiation (invasive approach) versus continued standard ACLS. The primary outcome was 180-day survival with favourable neurological outcome (defined as Cerebral Performance Category 1-2). Secondary outcomes included: cumulative survival at 180 days, 30-day favourable neurological survival, and 30-day cardiac recovery. Risk of bias in each trial was assessed by two independent reviewers using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. Heterogeneity was assessed via Forest plots. Findings The two RCTs included 286 patients. Of those randomised to the invasive (n = 147) and standard (n = 139) groups, respectively: the median age was 57 (IQR 47-65) and 58 years (IQR 48-66), and the median duration of resuscitation was 58 (IQR 43-69) and 49 (IQR 33-71) minutes (p = 0.17). In a modified intention to treat analysis, 45 (32.4%) in the invasive and 29 (19.7%) patients in the standard arm survived to 180 days with a favourable neurological outcome [absolute difference (AD), 95% CI: 12.7%, 2.6-22.7%, p = 0.015]. Forty-seven (33.8%) and 33 (22.4%) patients survived to 180 days [HR 0.59 (0.43-0.81); log rank test p = 0.0009]. At 30 days, 44 (31.7%) and 24 (16.3%) patients had favourable neurological outcome (AD 15.4%, 5.6-25.1%, p = 0.003), 60 (43.2%), and 46 (31.3%) patients had cardiac recovery (AD: 11.9%, 0.7-23%, p = 0.05), in the invasive and standard arms, respectively. The effect was larger in patients presenting with shockable rhythms (AD 18.8%, 7.6-29.4; p = 0.01; HR 2.26 [1.23-4.15]; p = 0.009) and prolonged CPR (>45 min; HR 3.99 (1.54-10.35); p = 0.005). Interpretation In patients with refractory OHCA, the invasive approach significantly improved 30- and 180-day neurologically favourable survival. Funding None.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Belohlavek
- 2 Department of Medicine – Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1 Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic
- Corresponding author. 2nd Department of Medicine – Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, and General University Hospital in Prague, U Nemocnice 2, Prague 2, 128 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Demetris Yannopoulos
- Center for Resuscitation Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jana Smalcova
- 2 Department of Medicine – Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1 Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Rob
- 2 Department of Medicine – Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1 Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jason Bartos
- Center for Resuscitation Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Michal Huptych
- Czech Institute of Informatics, Robotics and Cybernetics (CIIRC), Czech Technical University in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Kavalkova
- 2 Department of Medicine – Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1 Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Rajat Kalra
- Center for Resuscitation Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Brian Grunau
- Department of Emergency Medicine, St Paul’s Hospital, and University of British Columbia, 1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Fabio Silvio Taccone
- Department of Intensive Care, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, Brussels 1070, Belgium
| | - Tom P. Aufderheide
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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Hatami M, Kouchak M, Kheirollah A, Khorsandi L, Rashidi M. Effective inhibition of breast cancer stem cell properties by quercetin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles via reduction of Smad2/Smad3 phosphorylation and β-catenin signaling pathway in triple-negative breast cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 664:69-76. [PMID: 37141640 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.03.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) is a major cause of resistance to cancer therapy and recurrence. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype that responds poorly to therapy, making it a significant global health issue. Quercetin (QC) has been shown to affect CSC viability, but its low bioavailability limits its clinical use. This study aims to increase the effectiveness of QC in inhibiting CSC generation by using solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) in MDA-MB231 cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS After treating MCF-7 and MDA-MB231 cells with 18.9 μM and 13.4 μM of QC and QC-SLN for 48 h, respectively, cell viability, migration, sphere formation, protein expression of β-catenin, p-Smad 2 and 3, and gene expression of EMT and CSC markers were evaluated. RESULTS The QC-SLN with particle size of 154 nm, zeta potential of -27.7 mV, and encapsulation efficacy of 99.6% was found to be the most effective. Compared to QC, QC-SLN significantly reduced cell viability, migration, sphere formation, protein expression of β-catenin and p-Smad 2 and 3, and gene expression of CD44, zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1), vimentin, while increasing the gene expression of E-cadherin. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that SLNs improve the cytotoxic effect of QC in MDA-MB231 cells by increasing its bioavailability and inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), thereby effectively inhibiting CSC generation. Therefore, SLNs could be a promising new treatment for TNBC, but more in vivo studies are needed to confirm their efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Hatami
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institution, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Maryam Kouchak
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Alireza Kheirollah
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Layasadat Khorsandi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institution, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Rashidi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institution, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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Lechien JR, Fisichella PM, Dapri G, Russell JO, Hans S. Facelift thyroid surgery: a systematic review of indications, surgical and functional outcomes. J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023; 52:25. [PMID: 37038204 PMCID: PMC10088190 DOI: 10.1186/s40463-023-00624-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate indications, surgical and functional outcomes of robotic or endoscopic facelift thyroid surgery (FTS) and whether FTS reported comparable outcomes of other surgical approaches. DATA SOURCES PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Scopus. REVIEW METHODS A literature search was conducted about indications, clinical and surgical outcomes of patients who underwent FTS using PICOTS and PRISMA Statements. Outcomes reviewed included age; gender; indications; pathology; functional evaluations; surgical outcomes and complications. RESULTS Fifteen papers met our inclusion criteria, accounting for 394 patients. Endoscopic or robotic FTS was carried out for benign and malignant thyroid lesions, with or without central neck dissection. Nodule size and thyroid lobe volume did not exceed 6, 10 cm, respectively. FTS reported comparable outcome with transaxillary or oral approaches about operative time, complication rates or drainage features. The mean operative time ranged from 88 to 220 min, depending on the type of surgery (endoscopic vs robotic hemi- or total thyroidectomy). Conversion to open surgery was rare, occurring in 0-6.3% of cases. The most common complications were earlobe hypoesthesia, hematoma, seroma, transient hypocalcemia and transient recurrent nerve palsy. There was an important disparity between studies about the inclusion/exclusion criteria, surgical and functional outcomes. CONCLUSION FTS is a safe and effective approach for thyroid benign and malignant lesions. FTS reports similar complications to conventional thyroidectomy and excellent cosmetic satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme R Lechien
- Robotic Surgery Study Group of Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France.
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Foch Hospital, School of Medicine, UFR Simone Veil, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (Paris Saclay University), Paris, France.
- Department of Human Anatomy and Experimental Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, UMONS Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMons), Mons, Belgium.
- Department of Otolaryngology, Elsan Hospital, Paris, France.
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, CHU Saint-Pierre, Brussels, Belgium.
| | | | - Giovanni Dapri
- Department of Minimally Invasive General and Oncologic Surgery, Humanitas Gavazzeni University Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
- International School Reduced Scar Laparoscopy, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Jonathon O Russell
- Division of Head and Neck Endocrine Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Stéphane Hans
- Robotic Surgery Study Group of Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Foch Hospital, School of Medicine, UFR Simone Veil, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (Paris Saclay University), Paris, France
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Truter M, Hadfield KA, Smit NJ. Parasite diversity and community structure of translocated Clarias gariepinus (Burchell) in South Africa: Testing co-introduction, parasite spillback and enemy release hypotheses. Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl 2023; 20:170-179. [PMID: 36936254 PMCID: PMC10017330 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2023.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Clarias gariepinus (Burchell) is one of several freshwater fish species that have been translocated beyond its natural geographic range in South Africa. The present study investigated the parasitic communities of two translocated populations (one in the Riviersonderend River, Western Cape and the other from the Great Fish River, Eastern Cape) as well as its native source population from Gariep Dam, Free State. A total of nine, seven, and eight parasitic taxa were found to parasitise various organs of C. gariepinus from the three populations, respectively. The diversity and abundances of parasitic species in the two translocated populations were similar, but distinct community assemblages were observed. Parasite community composition from the Great Fish River was similar to that of the source population from Gariep Dam, whereas the parasitic community from C. gariepinus in the Riviersonderend River was distinct from that of Gariep Dam. This, together with the introduction history into the Western Cape, suggests that translocated C. gariepinus is sourced from various systems across South Africa, or that suitable intermediate hosts are present in the recipient ecosystems to sustain host-specific co-introduced parasitic taxa of C. gariepinus. In total, the resilience of 11 specialist parasite species of C. gariepinus is demonstrated in their persistence upon co-introduction into the two novel environments with their host, and support for the enemy release hypothesis is confirmed in the loss of known parasite taxa in translocated populations. The presence of the co-invasive fish lice Argulus japonicus Thiele, 1900 is reported from C. gariepinus in Gariep Dam and the Asian tapeworm Schyzocotyle acheilognathi (Yamaguti, 1934) was found from translocated C. gariepinus in the Riviersonderend River, Western Cape and lastly, a suspected case of parasite spillback from an unknown native host is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marliese Truter
- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (NRF-SAIAB), Makhanda, 6139, South Africa
| | - Kerry A Hadfield
- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
| | - Nico J Smit
- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (NRF-SAIAB), Makhanda, 6139, South Africa
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Skovsholt LJ, Riis T, Matheson F, Hawes I. Growth response to nitrate enrichment helps facilitate success of an alien Potamogeton in New Zealand streams. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15528. [PMID: 37128336 PMCID: PMC10148038 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Motivated by stream ecosystem degradation by eutrophication, we mimicked slow flowing lowland stream conditions with a novel experimental setup to further our understanding of aquatic plant responses to increases in nitrate and light. We conducted a mesocosm growth experiment of two species from the genus Potamogeton: P. crispus (alien) and P. ochreatus (native), grown at four nitrate and four light levels. We hypothesised that (i) internal nutrient status of the plants would scale with water column nutrient concentration, and that (ii) plant performance would reflect the nutrient status of the plant. Furthermore, we hypothesised that (iii) a low irradiance level would negate the effects of an increased nitrate level. In relation to (ii) we hypothesised that (iv) the traits of the alien species would enable it to outperform the native species where both the availability of light and nutrient resources was high. Internal tissue N content was broadly similar in the two higher (>250 μg NO3 - L-1) and the two lower nutrient treatments (<20 μg NO3 - L-1) in both species and plants were therefore collapsed into high and low N-groups. High-N individuals had higher growth rates than low-N ones regardless of species or light treatment and plants had reduced growth rates at the lowest light treatment, however this response was less evident for P. crispus. The highest growth rate was found at the high-N individuals of P. crispus at the highest light treatment, and correspondingly, in this treatment this species exhibited an increase in branching degree and lateral spread from the low-N plants. As P. crispus spreads by fragmentation, our results show it to be a highly effective competitor in anthropogenically impacted areas compared to its native counterpart. Our study exemplifies how light can influence eutrophication responses of plants and how both need to be accounted for in management decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Johansen Skovsholt
- University of Waikato, School of Science, New Zealand
- NIWA, New Zealand
- Corresponding author. University of Waikato, School of Science, New Zealand.
| | - Tenna Riis
- Aarhus University, Department of Biology, Denmark
| | | | - Ian Hawes
- University of Waikato, School of Science, New Zealand
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Abstract
The majority of anterior pituitary tumors behave benignly, that is, they grow slowly and do not metastasize, and were therefore called adenomas. However, they would frequently invade adjacent structures, leading to recurrence. One of the misleading assumptions in their previous classification was the simplistic distinction made between adenoma and carcinoma. In the upcoming WHO 2022 classification, a new terminology will be introduced: pituitary neuroendocrine tumor (PitNET) which is consistent with that used for other neuroendocrine neoplasms. In general, aggressive PitNETs are invasive and proliferative tumors with frequent recurrences, resistant to conventional treatments, and yet virtually without metastases. At present, no single morphological or histological marker has been shown as yet to reliably predict their aggressive behavior. In terms of treatment, temozolomide (TMZ) had been considered promising and the sole therapeutic option for aggressive and malignant PitNETs following failure of standard therapies. However, recent reports have disclosed that TMZ does not provide long-term control of many aggressive PitNETs. A further multidisciplinary approach is necessary for both reliable prediction and successful management of aggressive PitNETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Nishioka
- Department of Hypothalamic and Pituitary Surgery, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo 105-8470, Japan
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27
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Walter M, Mondal P. Mapping of Phragmites in estuarine wetlands using high-resolution aerial imagery. Environ Monit Assess 2023; 195:478. [PMID: 36928355 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11071-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Phragmites australis is a widespread invasive plant species in the USA that greatly impacts estuarine wetlands by creating dense patches and outcompeting other plants. The invasion of Phragmites into wetland ecosystems is known to decrease biodiversity, destroy the habitat of threatened and endangered bird species, and alter biogeochemistry. While the impact of Phragmites is known, the spatial extent of this species is challenging to document due to its fragmented occurrence. Using high-resolution imagery from the National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP) from 2017, we evaluated a geospatial method of mapping the spatial extent of Phragmites across the state of DE. Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and principal component analysis (PCA) bands are generated from the NAIP data and used as inputs in a random forest classifier to achieve a high overall accuracy for the Phragmites classification of around 95%. The classified gridded dataset has a spatial resolution of 1 m and documents the spatial distribution of Phragmites throughout the state's estuarine wetlands (around 11%). Such detailed classification could aid in monitoring the spread of this invasive species over space and time and would inform the decision-making process for landscape managers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Walter
- Department of Geography and Spatial Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA.
| | - Pinki Mondal
- Department of Geography and Spatial Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
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28
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Li Y, Zhu JG, Li QQ, Zhu XJ, Tian JH. Ectopic invasive ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma mimicking chordoma: a case report and literature review. BMC Neurol 2023; 23:81. [PMID: 36814261 PMCID: PMC9948490 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-023-03124-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ectopic pituitary adenoma (EPA) is defined as a special type of pituitary adenoma that originates outside of the sellar region, is extra- or intra-cranially located, and without connection to normal pituitary tissue. EPA is extremely rare, with most cases presented as case reports or small case series. Due to nonspecific symptoms and laboratory indicators, the preoperative diagnosis, treatment and management for EPA remain challenging. CASE PRESENTATION Here, we report the imaging phenotype and pathological findings of a case of invasive EPA in a 47-year-old woman. A preoperative non-contrast CT scan revealed a 5.8 × 3.6 × 3.7 cm soft tissue mass located in the sphenoid sinus and clivus. MRI showed an ill-defined solid mass with heterogeneous signals on T1-weighted and T2-weighted images. The mass displayed infiltrative growth pattern, destroying bone of the skull base, invading adjacent muscles and encasing vessels. The patient underwent partial tumor resection via transsphenoidal endoscopic surgery. Pathological examination led to diagnosis of ectopic ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma. Post-surgery, the patient received external beam radiotherapy. CONCLUSION EPA with invasive growth pattern has rarely been reported. The imaging phenotype displays its relationship to the pituitary tissue and surrounding structures. Immunohistochemical examination acts as a crucial role in differentiating EPA from other skull base tumors. This case report adds to the literature on EPA by summarizing its characteristics alongside a review of the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- grid.452511.6Department of Radiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 121, Jiangjiayuan Road, 210011 Nan Jing, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Guo Zhu
- Department of Radiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 121, Jiangjiayuan Road, 210011, Nan Jing, P.R. China.
| | - Qing-Quan Li
- grid.452511.6Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nan Jing, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Jing Zhu
- grid.452511.6Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nan Jing, P.R. China
| | - Ji-Hong Tian
- grid.452511.6Department of Radiotherapy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nan Jing, P.R. China
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29
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Bartlett CW, Bossenbroek J, Ueyama Y, McCallinhart P, Peters OA, Santillan DA, Santillan MK, Trask AJ, Ray WC. Invasive or More Direct Measurements Can Provide an Objective Early-Stopping Ceiling for Training Deep Neural Networks on Non-invasive or Less-Direct Biomedical Data. SN Comput Sci 2023; 4:161. [PMID: 36647373 PMCID: PMC9836982 DOI: 10.1007/s42979-022-01553-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Early stopping is an extremely common tool to minimize overfitting, which would otherwise be a cause of poor generalization of the model to novel data. However, early stopping is a heuristic that, while effective, primarily relies on ad hoc parameters and metrics. Optimizing when to stop remains a challenge. In this paper, we suggest that for some biomedical applications, a natural dichotomy of invasive/non-invasive measurements, or more generally proximal vs distal measurements of a biological system can be exploited to provide objective advice on early stopping. We discuss the conditions where invasive measurements of a biological process should provide better predictions than non-invasive measurements, or at best offer parity. Hence, if data from an invasive measurement are available locally, or from the literature, that information can be leveraged to know with high certainty whether a model of non-invasive data is overfitted. We present paired invasive/non-invasive cardiac and coronary artery measurements from two mouse strains, one of which spontaneously develops type 2 diabetes, posed as a classification problem. Examination of the various stopping rules shows that generalization is reduced with more training epochs and commonly applied stopping rules give widely different generalization error estimates. The use of an empirically derived training ceiling is demonstrated to be helpful as added information to leverage early stopping in order to reduce overfitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher W. Bartlett
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH USA
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Battelle Center for Computational Biology, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH USA
| | - Jamie Bossenbroek
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Battelle Center for Computational Biology, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH USA
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University College of Engineering, Columbus, OH USA
| | - Yukie Ueyama
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH USA
| | - Patricia McCallinhart
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH USA
| | - Olivia A. Peters
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Iowa City, IA USA
| | - Donna A. Santillan
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Iowa City, IA USA
| | - Mark K. Santillan
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Iowa City, IA USA
| | - Aaron J. Trask
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH USA
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH USA
| | - William C. Ray
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH USA
- The Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Biophysics, The Ohio State University Graduate School, Columbus, OH USA
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De Francesco MA, Tiecco G, Scaltriti E, Piccinelli G, Corbellini S, Gurrieri F, Crosato V, Moioli G, Marchese V, Focà E, Bertelli DA, Castelli F, Caruso A. First Italian report of a liver abscess and metastatic endogenous endophthalmitis caused by ST-23 hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae in an immunocompetent individual. Infection 2023; 51:271-276. [PMID: 35802342 PMCID: PMC9879799 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-022-01879-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Klebsiella pneumoniae is a common species in the gut of mammals and is widely distributed in the environment. However, the environmental source of hvKp that precedes gut colonization is unclear, but once that it reaches the gut there is a possible generalized spread y fecal-oral transmission especially in endemic areas. Liver abscess might develop when the bacteria, using its virulence factors, cross the intestinal barrier and invade the liver by the portal circulation. This syndrome, prevalent mostly in Asian countries, is increasingly reported in Western Countries and leaves open questions about the source of infection. CASE Here we describe for the first time in Italy, a case of pyogenic liver abscess caused by a hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (HvKp) complicated by endophthalmitis and other metastatic infections in lung and prostate in an immunocompetent Chinese healthy individual with no recent travel in Asia. CONCLUSION This case underlines the need for increased awareness of hypervirulent K. pneumoniae, even in settings where it occurs infrequently and where there are not evident epidemiological links.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A. De Francesco
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia-ASST Spedali Civili, P. Le Spedali Civili, 1, 125123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Giorgio Tiecco
- Division of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Erika Scaltriti
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia-ASST Spedali Civili, P. Le Spedali Civili, 1, 125123 Brescia, Italy ,Risk Analysis and Genomic Epidemiology Unit, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Della Lombardia E Dell’Emilia Romagna, Parma, Italy
| | - Giorgio Piccinelli
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia-ASST Spedali Civili, P. Le Spedali Civili, 1, 125123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Silvia Corbellini
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia-ASST Spedali Civili, P. Le Spedali Civili, 1, 125123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesca Gurrieri
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia-ASST Spedali Civili, P. Le Spedali Civili, 1, 125123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Verena Crosato
- Division of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Moioli
- Division of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Valentina Marchese
- Division of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Emanuele Focà
- Division of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Davide A. Bertelli
- Division of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesco Castelli
- Division of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Arnaldo Caruso
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia-ASST Spedali Civili, P. Le Spedali Civili, 1, 125123 Brescia, Italy
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Holmberg M, Radkiewicz C, Strömberg C, Öman M, Ghorbani P, Löhr JM, Sparrelid E. Outcome after surgery for invasive intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasia compared to conventional pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma - A Swedish nationwide register-based study. Pancreatology 2023; 23:90-97. [PMID: 36522260 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2022.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical importance of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) have increased last decades. Long-term survival after resection for invasive IPMN (inv-IPMN) compared to conventional pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is not thoroughly delineated. OBJECTIVE This study, based on the Swedish national pancreatic and periampullary cancer registry aims to elucidate the outcome after resection of inv-IPMN compared to PDAC. METHODS All patients ≥18 years of age resected for inv-IPMN and PDAC in Sweden between 2010 and 2019 were included. Clinicopathological variables were retrieved from the national registry. The effect on death was assessed in two multivariable Cox regression models, one for patients resected 2010-2015, one for patients resected 2016-2019. Median overall survival (OS) was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS We included 1909 patients, 293 inv-IPMN and 1616 PDAC. The most important independent predictors of death in multivariable Cox regressions were CA19-9 levels, venous resection, tumour differentiation, as well as T-, N-, M-stage and surgical margin. Tumour type was an independent predictor for death in the 2016-2019 cohort, but not in the 2010-2015 cohort. In Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, inv-IPMN was associated with longer median OS in stage N0-1 and in stage M0 compared to PDAC. However, in stage T2-4 and stage N2 median OS was similar, and in stage M1 even shorter for inv-IPMN compared to PDAC. CONCLUSION In this population-based nationwide study, outcome after resected inv-IPMN compared to PDAC is more favourable in lower stages, and similar to worse in higher.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Holmberg
- Department of Upper Digestive Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital and Department of Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Cecilia Radkiewicz
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Strömberg
- Department of Upper Digestive Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital and Department of Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikael Öman
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Surgery, Umeå University, Sweden
| | - Poya Ghorbani
- Department of Upper Digestive Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital and Department of Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J-Matthias Löhr
- Department of Upper Digestive Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital and Department of Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ernesto Sparrelid
- Department of Upper Digestive Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital and Department of Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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Aroche Gutierrez LL, Holloway SB, Donthi D, Lea JS. Docetaxel treatment for widely metastatic invasive vulvar extramammary Paget's disease with multifocal bone metastasis. Gynecol Oncol Rep 2023; 45:101114. [PMID: 36578967 DOI: 10.1016/j.gore.2022.101114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
•Invasive extramammary Paget's disease of the vulva is rare.•Distant metastasis has a very poor prognosis.•Given rarity of disease, no standardized treatment exists.•Single agent docetaxel is a viable treatment for metastatic invasive extramammary Paget's disease.
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Liang X, He W, Huang C, Feng Z, Guan X, Liu Y, Sun Z, Li Z. Preoperative prediction of invasive behavior of pancreatic solid pseudopapillary neoplasm by MRI-based multiparametric radiomics models. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2022; 47:3782-3791. [PMID: 35976419 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-022-03639-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A log-combined model was developed to predict the invasive behavior of pancreatic solid pseudopapillary neoplasm (pSPN) based on clinical and radiomic features extracted from multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 111 patients with pathologically confirmed pSPN who underwent preoperative plain and contrast-enhanced MRI were included, and divided into an invasive group (n = 34) and non-invasive group (n = 77). Clinical features and laboratory data related to pSPN invasive behavior were analyzed. Regions of interest were delineated based on T1-weighted imaging (T1WI), T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and contrast-enhanced T1WI (CE-T1WI) to extract radiomic features. Correlation analysis was performed for these features, followed by L1_based feature selection (C = 0.15). A logistic regression algorithm was used to construct models based on each of the four sequences and a log-combined model was used to integrate the sequences. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to evaluate the model performance, and the Brier score was used to assess the overall accuracy of the model predictions. RESULTS The area under the ROC curve was 0.68, 0.73, 0.71, and 0.49 for Log-T1WI, Log-T2WI, Log-DWI, and Log-CE models, respectively, and 0.81 for the log-combined model. The accuracy, precision, sensitivity, and specificity of the log-combined model were 0.77, 0.88, 0.75, and 0.78, respectively. The best performance was obtained with the log-combined model with a Brier score of 0.18. Tumor location was identified as a significant clinical feature in comparison between the two groups (p < 0.05), and invasive pSPN was more frequent in the tail of the pancreas. CONCLUSION The log-combined model based on multiparametric MRI and clinical features can be used as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for preoperative prediction of pSPN invasive behavior and to facilitate the development of individualized treatment strategies and monitoring management plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuqun Liang
- Department of Radiology, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region & Research Center of Radiology, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Wenguang He
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310007, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chencui Huang
- Department of Research Collaboration, R&D center, Beijing Deepwise & League of PHD Technology Co, Ltd, Beijing, 100080, China
| | - Zhan Feng
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310007, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaohui Guan
- Department of Radiology, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region & Research Center of Radiology, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Radiology, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region & Research Center of Radiology, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Zeyong Sun
- Department of Radionuclide, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region & Research Center of Radionuclide, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310007, Zhejiang, China.
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Rothäusler E, Dobretsov S, Gómez MF, Jofré-Madariaga D, Thiel M, Véliz K, Tala F. Effect of UV-radiation on the physiology of the invasive green seaweed Codium fragile and its associated bacteria. Mar Environ Res 2022; 180:105708. [PMID: 35952513 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2022.105708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Invasive species such as seaweeds often have a broad tolerance, allowing them to colonize novel habitats. During invasion, also new epibacteria can be formed on seaweeds, which have important chemo-ecological effects. Since UV-radiation (UVR) is one of the main factors affecting seaweeds and their epibacteria, we tested its effect on intertidal and subtidal thalli of the invasive seaweed Codium fragile from three sites and monitored photosynthesis, antioxidant activity and epibacteria. Exposure to UV-radiation resulted in photoinhibition with a subsequent low recovery in subtidal thalli from 23°S compared to 27°S and 30°S, which both showed a higher and almost complete recovery. However, a high antioxidant activity was present in all thalli, permitting to explain its relatively high tolerance to new environments. UV-radiation modified the composition of the epibacteria community by reducing its diversity and evenness. Our results showed that C. fragile responds plastic to variable UV-radiation (depending on site and water depth), which contributes to its high invasion potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Rothäusler
- Centro de Investigaciones Costeras - Universidad de Atacama (CIC - UDA), Avenida Copayapu 485, Copiapó, Atacama, Chile
| | - Sergey Dobretsov
- Department of Marine Science and Fisheries, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman; Center of Excellence in Marine Biotechnology, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - María Fernanda Gómez
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Algas y Otros Recursos Biológicos (CIDTA), Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile
| | - David Jofré-Madariaga
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Aplicadas mención Sistemas Marinos Costeros, Universidad de Antofagasta, Avenida Universidad de Antofagasta, 02800, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Martin Thiel
- Departamento de Biología Marina, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile; Millennium Nucleus of Ecology and Sustainable Management of Oceanic Island (ESMOI), Coquimbo, Chile; Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas, Coquimbo, Chile
| | - Karina Véliz
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Algas y Otros Recursos Biológicos (CIDTA), Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile
| | - Fadia Tala
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Algas y Otros Recursos Biológicos (CIDTA), Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile; Departamento de Biología Marina, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile; Instituto Milenio en Socio-Ecología Costera (SECOS), Santiago, Chile.
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Balyasnikova IV, Zannikou M, Wang G, Li Y, Duffy JT, Levine RN, Seblani M, Gaikwad H, Simberg D. Indocarbocyanine nanoparticles extravasate and distribute better than liposomes in brain tumors. J Control Release 2022; 349:413-424. [PMID: 35817279 PMCID: PMC10200250 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most devastating and aggressive brain tumor in adults. Hidden behind the blood-brain and blood-tumor barriers (BBTB), this invasive type of brain tumor is not readily accessible to nano-sized particles. Here we demonstrate that fluorescent indocarbocyanine lipids (ICLs: DiD, DiI) formulated in PEGylated lipid nanoparticle (PLN) exhibit highly efficient penetration and accumulation in GBM. PLN-formulated ICLs demonstrated more efficient penetration in GBM spheroids and organoids in vitro than liposomal ICLs. Over 82% of the tumor's extravascular area was positive for ICL fluorescence in the PLN group versus 13% in the liposomal group just one hour post-systemic injection in the intracranial GBM model. Forty-eight hours post-injection, PLN-formulated ICLs accumulated in 95% of tumor myeloid-derived suppressor cells and macrophages, 70% of tumor regulatory T cells, 50% of tumor-associated microglia, and 65% of non-immune cells. PLN-formulated ICLs extravasated better than PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin and fluorescent dextran and efficiently accumulated in invasive tumor margins and brain-invading cells. While liposomes were stable in serum in vitro and in vivo, PLNs disassembled before entering tumors, which could explain the differences in their extravasation efficiency. These findings offer an opportunity to improve therapeutic cargo delivery to invasive GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina V Balyasnikova
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| | - Markella Zannikou
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Guankui Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, USA; Colorado Center for Nanomedicine and Nanosafety, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, USA; Colorado Center for Nanomedicine and Nanosafety, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Joseph T Duffy
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Rebecca N Levine
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Maggie Seblani
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Hanmant Gaikwad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, USA; Colorado Center for Nanomedicine and Nanosafety, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Dmitri Simberg
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, USA; Colorado Center for Nanomedicine and Nanosafety, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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Palma E, Vesk PA, Catford JA. Building trait datasets: effect of methodological choice on a study of invasion. Oecologia 2022; 199:919-935. [PMID: 35976442 PMCID: PMC9464113 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-022-05230-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Trait-based approaches are commonly used to understand ecological phenomena and processes. Trait data are typically gathered by measuring local specimens, retrieving published records, or a combination of the two. Implications of methodological choices in trait-based ecological studies—including source of data, imputation technique, and species selection criteria—are poorly understood. We ask: do different approaches for dataset-building lead to meaningful differences in trait datasets? If so, do these differences influence findings of a trait-based examination of plant invasiveness, measured as abundance and spread rate? We collected on-site (Victoria, Australia) and off-site (TRY database) height and specific leaf area records for as many species as possible out of 157 exotic herbaceous plants. For each trait, we built six datasets of species-level means using records collected on-site, off-site, on-site and off-site combined, and off-site supplemented via imputation based on phylogeny and/or trait correlations. For both traits, the six datasets were weakly correlated (ρ = 0.31–0.95 for height; ρ = 0.14–0.88 for SLA), reflecting differences in species’ trait values from the various estimations. Inconsistencies in species’ trait means across datasets did not translate into large differences in trait-invasion relationships. Although we did not find that methodological choices for building trait datasets greatly affected ecological inference about local invasion processes, we nevertheless recommend: (1) using on-site records to answer local-scale ecological questions whenever possible, and (2) transparency around methodological decisions related to selection of study species and estimation of missing trait values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estibaliz Palma
- School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
| | - Peter A Vesk
- School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Jane A Catford
- School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.,Department of Geography, King's College London, 30 Aldwych, London, WC2B 4BG, UK
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Lona-Reyes JC, Gómez-Ruiz LM, Cordero-Zamora A, Cortés-González SI, Quiles-Corona M, Pérez-Ramírez RO, Pinto-Macedo H. Incidence and factors associated with invasive candidiasis in a neonatal intensive care unit in Mexico. An Pediatr (Barc) 2022; 97:79-86. [PMID: 35850964 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpede.2021.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neonatal Candida spp. infections are serious events due to their morbidity and mortality, however, epidemiological information is insufficient in developing countries. The objective of this study was to describe the incidence and factors associated with invasive infection by Candida spp. in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Mexico. METHODS Case-control study nested in a cohort and matched for birth weight. We estimated the incidence of invasive neonatal infection by Candida spp. For the bivariate analysis of the studied factors, McNemar's test was used to contrast hypotheses and multivariate analysis was made with logistic regression. RESULTS The incidence of infection was 2.27 events/1000 live newborns. The species identified were C. albicans 35.3% (n 30), C. parapsilosis 30.6% (n 26), C. glabrata 31.8% (n 27) and two events with C. lipolytica. The factors associated with a higher risk were mechanical ventilation (OR 3.04, 95% CI 1.13-8.14), systemic antibiotics (OR 7.48, 95% CI 1.30-42.9), number of antimicrobial regimens (OR 2.02, 95% CI 1.01-4.03), and days with total parenteral nutrition (OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.04-1.25) or with venous catheter central (OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.02-1.20). Fluconazole prophylaxis decreased the risk (OR 0.32, 95% CI 0.12-0.84). CONCLUSIONS Invasive interventions (central catheter, mechanical ventilation, and parenteral nutrition) and the use of antimicrobials increase the risk of neonatal Candida spp. Infection, while prophylactic fluconazole is protective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan C Lona-Reyes
- División de Pediatría, Servicio de Infectología, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara «Dr. Juan I. Menchaca», Guadalajara, Jalisco, México; Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tonalá, Jalisco, México.
| | - Larissa M Gómez-Ruiz
- División de Pediatría, Servicio de Neonatología, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara «Dr. Juan I. Menchaca», Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Araceli Cordero-Zamora
- División de Pediatría, Servicio de Infectología, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara «Dr. Juan I. Menchaca», Guadalajara, Jalisco, México; Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tonalá, Jalisco, México
| | - Sandra I Cortés-González
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Moisés Quiles-Corona
- División de Pediatría, Servicio de Neonatología, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara «Dr. Juan I. Menchaca», Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Rene O Pérez-Ramírez
- División de Pediatría, Servicio de Neonatología, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara «Dr. Juan I. Menchaca», Guadalajara, Jalisco, México; Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Herlinda Pinto-Macedo
- Laboratorio Clínico y Microbiología, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara «Dr. Juan I. Menchaca», Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
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Bao XD, Lu L, Zhu HJ, Yao Y, Feng M, Wang RZ, Zhai X, Fu Y, Gong FY, Lu ZL. Concurrent mutations of germline GPR101 and somatic USP8 in a pediatric giant pituitary ACTH adenoma: a case report. BMC Endocr Disord 2022; 22:152. [PMID: 35668434 PMCID: PMC9169391 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-022-01058-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cushing's disease (CD) is rare in pediatric patients. It is characterized by elevated plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from pituitary adenomas, with damage to multiple systems and development. In recent years, genetic studies have shed light on the etiology and several mutations have been identified in patients with CD. CASE PRESENTATION A girl presented at the age of 10 years and 9 months with facial plethora, hirsutism and acne. Her vision and eye movements were impaired. A quick weight gain and slow growth were also observed. Physical examination revealed central obesity, moon face, buffalo hump, supra-clavicular fat pads and bruising. Her plasma ACTH level ranged between 118 and 151 pg/ml, and sella enhanced MRI showed a giant pituitary tumor of 51.8 × 29.3 × 14.0 mm. Transsphenoidal pituitary debulk adenomectomy was performed and immunohistochemical staining confirmed an ACTH-secreting adenoma. Genetic analysis identified a novel germline GPR101 (p.G169R) and a somatic USP8 (p. S719del) mutation. They were hypothesized to impact tumor growth and function, respectively. CONCLUSIONS We reported a rare case of pediatric giant pituitary ACTH adenoma and pointed out that unusual concurrent mutations might contribute to its early onset and large volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Dong Bao
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Lin Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Hui-Juan Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yong Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Ming Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Ren-Zhi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xiao Zhai
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yong Fu
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Feng-Ying Gong
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Zhao-Lin Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
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Holmberg M, Linder S, Kordes M, Liljefors M, Ghorbani P, Löhr JM, Sparrelid E. Impact of spatio-temporal recurrence pattern on overall survival for invasive intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasia - A comparison with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Pancreatology 2022; 22:598-607. [PMID: 35501218 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2022.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resections for intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasia (IPMN) have increased dramatically during the last decade. Recurrence pattern and impact of adjuvant chemotherapy for solid pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is well known, but not for invasive IPMN (inv-IPMN). OBJECTIVES To elucidate the impact of spatio-temporal recurrence pattern and adjuvant chemotherapy on overall survival for inv-IPMN compared with PDAC. METHODS We conducted a retrospective single-center observational study of consecutive patients ≥18 years of age who underwent resection for inv-IPMN or PDAC at Karolinska University Hospital, between 2009 and 2018. Different initial recurrence sites and time frames as well as predictors for death were assessed with multivariable Cox and logistic regressions. Survival analyses were performed using the Kaplan-Meier model and log rank test. RESULTS Of 396 resected patients, 92 were inv-IPMN and 304 PDAC. Both recurrence rate and death rate within three-years were lower for inv-IPMN compared to PDAC (p = 0.006 and p = 0.007 respectively). Across the whole cohort, the most common recurrence patterns were multi-site (25%), single-site liver (21%) and single-site locoregional (10%) recurrence. The most prominent predictors for death in multivariable Cox regression, especially if occurred within the first year, were multi-site (HR 17.0), single-site peritoneal (HR 13.6) and single-site liver (HR 13.1) recurrence. These predictors were less common in inv-IPMN compared to PDAC (p = 0.007). The effect of adjuvant chemotherapy was similar in the two groups. CONCLUSION Resected inv-IPMN exhibits a less aggressive recurrence pattern than PDAC that translates into a more favorable overall survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Holmberg
- Division of Upper Gastrointestinal Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Stefan Linder
- Division of Upper Gastrointestinal Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maximilian Kordes
- Division of Upper Gastrointestinal Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Liljefors
- Division of Upper Gastrointestinal Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Poya Ghorbani
- Division of Upper Gastrointestinal Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J-Matthias Löhr
- Division of Upper Gastrointestinal Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ernesto Sparrelid
- Division of Upper Gastrointestinal Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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Vardakas L, Perdikaris C, Zogaris S, Kalantzi OI, Koutsikos N. Stakeholders Perceptions of Non-indigenous Freshwater Fish Species: A Case Study from a Mediterranean Biodiversity Hotspot. Environ Manage 2022; 69:1091-1101. [PMID: 35338374 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-022-01623-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Even though the ecological impacts of invasive alien species (IAS) have been well studied, social aspects of IAS in freshwater ecosystems are still poorly explored. This study aimed to assess the perceptions associated with non-indigenous freshwater fish species (NIFS) among environmental-related professional and non-professional stakeholders in a Mediterranean country that displays high levels of fish species endemism, by using a questionnaire survey approach. Overall, 203 individuals participated, from which, the majority (n = 144) were related to environmental sciences. Most of the respondents perceived NIFS to be a threat of national importance, possibly attributed to the emotional effect of the term non-indigenous (conceived as intruder). However, NIFS were indicated as the least important threat affecting aquatic ecosystems when compared with other pressures. This contrasting perception could be explained by the fact that broad-scale impacts (i.e., climate change) exert stronger reactions compared to NIFS. Interestingly, non-professionals were more successful in identifying NIFS and native species compared to professionals, however both indicated low overall identification success. The majority of the respondents, both professionals and non-professionals, considered that: (a) the official authorities do not implement actions for NIFS management, (b) government spending should be increased to manage NIFS even if it should be reduced for other needs, and (c) early detection is the best way to manage NIFS. The establishment of a nationwide network consisting of all related stakeholders on NIFS issues, aiming to public awareness and preventive management actions to limit the spread and impacts of NIFS should be set as a priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonidas Vardakas
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Inland Waters, Anavissos, 19013, Attica, Greece.
| | - Costas Perdikaris
- Department of Fisheries, Regional Unit of Thesprotia, Region of Epirus, Igoumenitsa, 46100, Greece
| | - Stamatis Zogaris
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Inland Waters, Anavissos, 19013, Attica, Greece
| | | | - Nicholas Koutsikos
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Inland Waters, Anavissos, 19013, Attica, Greece
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Kite TA, Kurmani SA, Bountziouka V, Cooper NJ, Lock ST, Gale CP, Flather M, Curzen N, Banning AP, McCann GP, Ladwiniec A. Timing of invasive strategy in non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Eur Heart J 2022; 43:3148-3161. [PMID: 35514079 PMCID: PMC9433309 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims The optimal timing of an invasive strategy (IS) in non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) is controversial. Recent randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and long-term follow-up data have yet to be included in a contemporary meta-analysis. Methods and results A systematic review of RCTs that compared an early IS vs. delayed IS for NSTE-ACS was conducted by searching MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. A meta-analysis was performed by pooling relative risks (RRs) using a random-effects model. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. Secondary outcomes included myocardial infarction (MI), recurrent ischaemia, admission for heart failure (HF), repeat re-vascularization, major bleeding, stroke, and length of hospital stay. This study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021246131). Seventeen RCTs with outcome data from 10 209 patients were included. No significant differences in risk for all-cause mortality [RR: 0.90, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.78–1.04], MI (RR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.63–1.16), admission for HF (RR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.43–1.03), repeat re-vascularization (RR: 1.04, 95% CI: 0.88–1.23), major bleeding (RR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.68–1.09), or stroke (RR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.59–1.54) were observed. Recurrent ischaemia (RR: 0.57, 95% CI: 0.40–0.81) and length of stay (median difference: −22 h, 95% CI: −36.7 to −7.5 h) were reduced with an early IS. Conclusion In all-comers with NSTE-ACS, an early IS does not reduce all-cause mortality, MI, admission for HF, repeat re-vascularization, or increase major bleeding or stroke when compared with a delayed IS. Risk of recurrent ischaemia and length of stay are significantly reduced with an early IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A Kite
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and the NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, University of Leicester and University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Sameer A Kurmani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and the NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, University of Leicester and University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Vasiliki Bountziouka
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and the NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, University of Leicester and University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Nicola J Cooper
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and the NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, University of Leicester and University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Selina T Lock
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and the NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, University of Leicester and University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Chris P Gale
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.,Leeds Institute for Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.,Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Marcus Flather
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia and Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, UK
| | - Nick Curzen
- University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Adrian P Banning
- Department of Cardiology, Oxford Heart Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Gerry P McCann
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and the NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, University of Leicester and University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Andrew Ladwiniec
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and the NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, University of Leicester and University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
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Warren DA, Burgess AL, Karemera F, Bacela-Spychalska K, Stentiford GD, Bojko J. Histopathological survey for parasite groups in Gammarus varsoviensis (Amphipoda). Dis Aquat Organ 2022; 149:47-51. [PMID: 35510820 DOI: 10.3354/dao03658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Invasive non-native amphipods (Crustacea) are becoming a model system in which to explore the impact and diversity of invasive parasites-parasites that are carried along an invasion route with their hosts. Gammarus varsoviensis is a freshwater amphipod species that has a recently explored invasion history. We provide a histopathological survey for a putatively invasive non-native population of this amphipod, identifying 8 symbiotic groups: Acanthocephala, Rotifera, Digenea, ciliated protozoa, Haplosporidia, Microsporidia, 'Candidatus Aquirickettsiella', and a putative nudivirus, at various prevalence. Our survey indicates that the parasites have no sex bias and that each has the potential to be carried in either sex along an invasion route. We discuss the pathology and prevalence of the above symbiotic groups and whether those that are parasitic may pose a risk if G. varsoviensis were to carry them to novel locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Warren
- Department of Biosciences, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
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Hamlet A, Dengela D, Tongren JE, Tadesse FG, Bousema T, Sinka M, Seyoum A, Irish SR, Armistead JS, Churcher T. The potential impact of Anopheles stephensi establishment on the transmission of Plasmodium falciparum in Ethiopia and prospective control measures. BMC Med 2022; 20:135. [PMID: 35440085 PMCID: PMC9020030 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-022-02324-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sub-Saharan Africa has seen substantial reductions in cases and deaths due to malaria over the past two decades. While this reduction is primarily due to an increasing expansion of interventions, urbanisation has played its part as urban areas typically experience substantially less malaria transmission than rural areas. However, this may be partially lost with the invasion and establishment of Anopheles stephensi. A. stephensi, the primary urban malaria vector in Asia, was first detected in Africa in 2012 in Djibouti and was subsequently identified in Ethiopia in 2016, and later in Sudan and Somalia. In Djibouti, malaria cases have increased 30-fold from 2012 to 2019 though the impact in the wider region remains unclear. METHODS Here, we have adapted an existing model of mechanistic malaria transmission to estimate the increase in vector density required to explain the trends in malaria cases seen in Djibouti. To account for the observed plasticity in An. stephensi behaviour, and the unknowns of how it will establish in a novel environment, we sample behavioural parameters in order to account for a wide range of uncertainty. This quantification is then applied to Ethiopia, considering temperature-dependent extrinsic incubation periods, pre-existing vector-control interventions and Plasmodium falciparum prevalence in order to assess the potential impact of An. stephensi establishment on P. falciparum transmission. Following this, we estimate the potential impact of scaling up ITN (insecticide-treated nets)/IRS (indoor residual spraying) and implementing piperonyl butoxide (PBO) ITNs and larval source management, as well as their economic costs. RESULTS We estimate that annual P. falciparum malaria cases could increase by 50% (95% CI 14-90) if no additional interventions are implemented. The implementation of sufficient control measures to reduce malaria transmission to pre-stephensi levels will cost hundreds of millions of USD. CONCLUSIONS Substantial heterogeneity across the country is predicted and large increases in vector control interventions could be needed to prevent a major public health emergency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arran Hamlet
- MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
- The Abdul Latif Jameel Institute for Disease and Emergency Analytics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - Dereje Dengela
- PMI VectorLink Project, Abt Associates, 6130 Executive Blvd, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
| | - J Eric Tongren
- U.S. President's Malaria Initiative (PMI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Malaria Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Fitsum G Tadesse
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Teun Bousema
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Immunology and Infection, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Marianne Sinka
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3SZ, UK
| | - Aklilu Seyoum
- PMI VectorLink Project, Abt Associates, 6130 Executive Blvd, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
| | - Seth R Irish
- U.S. President's Malaria Initiative, Entomology Branch Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jennifer S Armistead
- U.S. President's Malaria Initiative, U.S. Agency for International Development, Washington, D.C., USA
| | - Thomas Churcher
- MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- The Abdul Latif Jameel Institute for Disease and Emergency Analytics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
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44
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Ren Y, Wang Y, Bao X, Feng M, Xing B, Lian W, Yao Y, Wang R. Diagnosis of invasive non-functional pituitary adenomas using exosomal biomarkers. Clin Chim Acta 2022; 529:25-33. [PMID: 35085587 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Incomplete surgical resection of invasive non-functional pituitary adenomas (NFPAs) produces a risk of the subsequent development of complications which will require treatment with powerful drugs and adjuvant radiotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS The degree of invasiveness of NFPA can be established using biomarkers to help clinicians choose appropriate treatment for these patients. RESULTS This research explored transcriptomic and proteomic variations of non-invasive and invasive NFPAs, other forms of pituitary adenomas and evaluated exosomal genetic markers associated with these diseases. Increased expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP1) and its formation in exosomes (exo-MMP1) were correlated with the characteristic invasiveness of NFPAs. Changes in the expression of MMP1 in the exosome was synchronized with transduction of NFPA cells. Enrichment of MMP1 stimulated migration, growth and angiogenesis in tumors through the protease-activated receptor-1 signaling pathway in cells. CONCLUSION The results revealed that MMP1 activity has obligatory actions in promoting tumor invasion and angiogenesis, and that the exosome-mediated regulatory pathway for MMP1 may be a novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Ren
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xinjie Bao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Ming Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Bing Xing
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Wei Lian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yong Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Renzhi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
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Bianchini AE, da Cunha JA, da Silva EG, de Souza CF, Carvalho T, Baldisserotto B. Influence of pH on physiological and behavioral responses of Pomacea canaliculata. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2022; 266:111153. [PMID: 35032658 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2022.111153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The physiological and behavioral responses of Pomacea canaliculata exposed to different pH values (4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10) were evaluated. Survival, behavior (avoidance), metabolites (mantle), net ion fluxes (Na+ and K+), and ATPase activity (gills) were the parameters analyzed. The final survival rates were 100% (pH 4-9) and 90% (pH 10), and the groups did not differ significantly. Avoidance behavior was not identified in animals exposed to an extreme pH compared to pH 7. The main changes observed in the metabolites were in those exposed to an alkaline pH. Glucose (pH 9) and total protein (pH 9 and 10) levels increased, and lactate decreased (pH 9 and 10) compared to a neutral pH. There was an increase in Na+ efflux at pH 4, 5, and 8 and an influx at pH 9 and 10. Extreme pH values (4 and 10) also caused an increase in K+ efflux. At pH values outside the neutrality range (pH 7), there was a significant decrease in the activities of Na+/K+-ATPase (4, 5, 6, 9, and 10) and H+-ATPase (pH 4, 5, 9, and 10). Variations in environmental pH did not cause statistically significant mortality or avoidance behavior in P. canaliculata at the analyzed times. However, due to changes in energy metabolism (glucose and lactate, mainly) and ionoregulation, these can be considered sensitive biomarkers of stress in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jessyka Arruda da Cunha
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Elisia Gomes da Silva
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Carine Freitas de Souza
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Thaynara Carvalho
- Undergraduate Course in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Bernardo Baldisserotto
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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Egeter B, Veríssimo J, Lopes-Lima M, Chaves C, Pinto J, Riccardi N, Beja P, Fonseca NA. Speeding up the detection of invasive bivalve species using environmental DNA: a Nanopore and Illumina sequencing comparison. Mol Ecol Resour 2022; 22:2232-2247. [PMID: 35305077 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Traditional detection of aquatic invasive species via morphological identification is often time-consuming and can require a high level of taxonomic expertise, leading to delayed mitigation responses. Environmental DNA (eDNA) detection approaches of multiple species using Illumina-based sequencing technology have been used to overcome these hindrances, but sample processing is often lengthy. More recently, portable nanopore sequencing technology has become available, which has the potential to make molecular detection of invasive species more widely accessible and substantially decrease sample turnaround times. However, nanopore-sequenced reads have a much higher error rate than those produced by Illumina platforms, which has so far hindered the adoption of this technology. We provide a detailed laboratory protocol and bioinformatic tools (msi package) to increase the reliability of nanopore sequencing to detect invasive species, and we test its application using invasive bivalves while comparing it with Illumina-based sequencing. We sampled water from sites with pre-existing bivalve occurrence and abundance data, and contrasting bivalve communities, in Italy and Portugal. Samples were extracted, amplified, and sequenced by the two platforms. The mean agreement between sequencing methods was 69% and the difference between methods was non-significant. The lack of detections of some species at some sites could be explained by their known low abundances. This is the first reported use of MinION to detect aquatic invasive species from eDNA samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Egeter
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal.,NatureMetrics, Bakeham Lane, Egham, Surrey, TW20 9TY, U.K
| | - Joana Veríssimo
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal.,BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal.,Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel Lopes-Lima
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal.,BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal.,Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,IUCN SSC Mollusc Specialist Group, c/o 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge, CB3 0DL, U.K
| | - Cátia Chaves
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal.,BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal
| | - Joana Pinto
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal.,BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal
| | | | - Pedro Beja
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal.,BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal.,CIBIO/InBIO, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Nuno A Fonseca
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal.,BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal
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Jota Baptista C, Seixas F, Gonzalo-Orden JM, Oliveira PA. Biomonitoring metals and metalloids in wild mammals: invasive versus non-invasive sampling. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:18398-18407. [PMID: 35032272 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18658-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal and metalloid pollution is a matter of concern in animal, human and environmental health (One Health) and also in wildlife conservation worldwide. Studying wild mammals in toxicology has been contributing significantly to our knowledge, namely to find out the most critical regions, to understand bioaccumulation and biomagnification phenomena or to evaluate their toxic effects. However, not all the animal tissues and organs provide the same information or should be interpreted in the same way. The best sample to use will depend on the objectives and conditions of the study. This review aims to compare invasive and non-invasive samples to biomonitor heavy metals, providing a brief resume of their advantages, limitations and examples of use. Further research, using a wider range of mammalian species, is required to establish what information can be obtained in biomonitoring studies that use non-invasive samples (such as hair, faeces and parasites) and/or invasive samples (such as blood, liver, kidney, bone and other organs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Jota Baptista
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences (ECAV), University of Trás-Os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal.
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, University of Trás-Os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal.
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, 24071, Leon, Spain.
| | - Fernanda Seixas
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences (ECAV), University of Trás-Os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal
- Veterinary and Animal Research Center (CECAV), AL4Animals, University of Trás-Os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | | | - Paula A Oliveira
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences (ECAV), University of Trás-Os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, University of Trás-Os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
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Charvoz L, Apothéloz-Perret-Gentil L, Reo E, Thiébaud J, Pawlowski J. Monitoring newt communities in urban area using eDNA metabarcoding. PeerJ 2021; 9:e12357. [PMID: 34900410 PMCID: PMC8628619 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Newts are amphibians commonly present in small ponds or garden pools in urban areas. They are protected in many countries and their presence is monitored through visual observation and/or trapping. However, newts are not easy to spot as they are small, elusive and often hidden at the bottom of water bodies. In recent years, environmental DNA (eDNA) has become a popular tool for detecting newts, with a focus on individual species using qPCR assays. Here, we assess the effectiveness of eDNA metabarcoding compared to conventional visual surveys of newt diversity in 45 ponds within urban areas of Geneva canton, Switzerland. We designed newt-specific mitochondrial 16S rRNA primers, which assign the majority of amplicons to newts, and were able to detect four species known to be present in the region, including the invasive subspecies Lissotriton vulgaris meridionalis, native to the Italian peninsula, that has been introduced in the Geneva area recently. The obtained eDNA results were congruent overall with conventional surveys, confirming the morphological observations in the majority of cases (67%). In 25% of cases, a species was only detected genetically, while in 8% of cases, the observations were not supported by eDNA metabarcoding. Our study confirms the usefulness of eDNA metabarcoding as a tool for the effective and non-invasive monitoring of newt community and suggests its broader use for the survey of newt diversity in urban area at larger scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léo Charvoz
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, University of Geneva, Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Laure Apothéloz-Perret-Gentil
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, University of Geneva, Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,ID-Gene ecodiagnostics, Campus Biotech Innovation Park, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Emanuela Reo
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, University of Geneva, Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jacques Thiébaud
- KARCH-GE (Swiss Coordination Center for the Protection of Amphibians and Reptiles)-Geneva Regional Branch, Switzerland, Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jan Pawlowski
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, University of Geneva, Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,ID-Gene ecodiagnostics, Campus Biotech Innovation Park, Geneva, Switzerland.,Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Sopot, Pomerania, Poland
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Dai C, Sun B, Guan S, Wang W, Liu H, Li Y, Zhang J, Kang J. Evolution of a refractory prolactin-secreting pituitary adenoma into a pituitary carcinoma: report of a challenging case and literature review. BMC Endocr Disord 2021; 21:217. [PMID: 34715828 PMCID: PMC8555299 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-021-00874-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pituitary carcinomas (PCs), defined as distant metastases of pituitary neoplasms, are very rare malignancies. Because the clinical presentation of PCs is variable, early diagnosis and management remain challenging. PCs are always refractory to comprehensive treatments, and patients with PCs have extremely poor prognoses. CASE PRESENTATION We describe one case of a prolactin-secreting pituitary adenoma (PA) refractory to conventional therapy that evolved into a PC with intraspinal metastasis. A 34-year-old female was diagnosed with an invasive prolactin-secreting PA in 2009 and was unresponsive to medical treatment with bromocriptine. The tumor was gross totally removed via transsphenoidal surgery (TSS). However, the patient experienced multiple tumor recurrences or regrowth despite comprehensive treatments, including medical therapy, two gamma knife radiosurgeries (GKSs), and four frontal craniotomies. In 2016, she was found to have an intradural extramedullary mass at the level of the fourth lumbar vertebra. The intraspinal lesion was completely resected and was confirmed as a metastatic PC based on histomorphology and immunohistochemical staining. The literature on the diagnosis, molecular pathogenesis, treatment, and prognosis of patients with prolactin-secreting PCs was reviewed. CONCLUSION PCs are very rare neoplasms with variable clinical features and poor prognosis. Most PCs usually arise from aggressive PAs refractory to conventional therapy. There is no reliable marker to identify aggressive PAs with a risk for progression to PCs; thus, it is difficult to diagnose these PCs early until the presence of metastatic lesions. It is still very challenging to manage patients with PCs due to a lack of standardized protocols for diagnosis and treatment. Establishing molecular biomarkers and the pathobiology of PCs could help in the early identification of aggressive PAs most likely to evolve into PCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congxin Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Bowen Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Shusen Guan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Honggang Liu
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Jialiang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Jun Kang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China.
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Holmberg M, Ghorbani P, Gilg S, Del Chiaro M, Arnelo U, Löhr JM, Sparrelid E. Outcome after resection for invasive intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasia is similar to conventional pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Pancreatology 2021; 21:1371-1377. [PMID: 34426077 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2021.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Resections for intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) have increased last decades. Overall survival (OS) for conventional pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is well known but OS for invasive IPMN (inv-IPMN) is not as conclusive. This study aims to elucidate potential differences in clinicopathology and OS between these tumor types and to investigate if the raised number of resections have affected outcome. METHODS Consecutive patients ≥18 years of age resected for inv-IPMN and PDAC at Karolinska University Hospital between 2009 and 2018 were included. Clinicopathological variables were analyzed in multivariable regression models. Outcome was assessed calculating two-year OS, estimating OS using the Kaplan-Meier model and comparing survival functions with log-rank test. RESULTS 513 patients were included, 122 with inv-IPMN and 391 with PDAC. During the study period both the proportion resected inv-IPMN and two-year OS, irrespective of tumor type, increased (2.5%-45%; p < 0.001 and 44%-57%; p = 0.005 respectively). In Kaplan-Meier survival analysis inv-IPMN had more favorable median OS (mOS) compared to PDAC (33.6 months vs 19.3 months, p = 0.001). However, in multivariable Cox Regression analysis, tumor type was not a predictor for death, but so were resection period, tumor subtype and N-stage (all p < 0.001). CONCLUSION In this large single center observational cohort study, inv-IPMN seemed to have favorable survival outcome compared to PDAC, but after adjusting for predictors for death this benefit vanished. The combination of a pronounced increase in resected inv-IPMN and a concurrent hazard abatement for death within 2 years during the study period proved to be a principal factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Holmberg
- Department of Upper Digestive Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Poya Ghorbani
- Department of Upper Digestive Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stefan Gilg
- Department of Upper Digestive Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marco Del Chiaro
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, USA
| | - Urban Arnelo
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences/Surgery, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - J-Matthias Löhr
- Department of Upper Digestive Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ernesto Sparrelid
- Department of Upper Digestive Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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