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Khvostunov IK, Nasonova E, Krylov V, Rodichev A, Kochetova T, Shepel N, Korovchuk O, Kutsalo P, Shegai P, Kaprin A. Cytogenetic Damage Induced by Radioiodine Therapy: A Follow-Up Case Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065128. [PMID: 36982202 PMCID: PMC10049272 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The risk of toxicity attributable to radioiodine therapy (RIT) remains a subject of ongoing research, with a whole-body dose of 2 Gy proposed as a safe limit. This article evaluates the RIT-induced cytogenetic damage in two rare differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) cases, including the first follow-up study of a pediatric DTC patient. Chromosome damage in the patient's peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) was examined using conventional metaphase assay, painting of chromosomes 2, 4, and 12 (FISH), and multiplex fluorescence in situ hybridization (mFISH). Patient 1 (female, 1.6 y.o.) received four RIT courses over 1.1 years. Patient 2 (female, 49 y.o.) received 12 courses over 6.4 years, the last two of which were examined. Blood samples were collected before and 3-4 days after the treatment. Chromosome aberrations (CA) analyzed by conventional and FISH methods were converted to a whole-body dose accounting for the dose rate effect. The mFISH method showed an increase in total aberrant cell frequency following each RIT course, while cells carrying unstable aberrations predominated in the yield. The proportion of cells containing stable CA associated with long-term cytogenetic risk remained mostly unchanged during follow-up for both patients. A one-time administration of RIT was safe, as the threshold of 2 Gy for the whole-body dose was not exceeded. The risk of side effects projected from RIT-attributable cytogenetic damage was low, suggesting a good long-term prognosis. In rare cases, such as the ones reviewed in this study, individual planning based on cytogenetic biodosimetry is strongly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor K Khvostunov
- A.F. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center (MRRC)-Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 4 Koroliova St., 249036 Obninsk, Russia
| | - Elena Nasonova
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), 6 Joliot-Curie St., 141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - Valeriy Krylov
- A.F. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center (MRRC)-Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 4 Koroliova St., 249036 Obninsk, Russia
| | - Andrei Rodichev
- A.F. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center (MRRC)-Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 4 Koroliova St., 249036 Obninsk, Russia
| | - Tatiana Kochetova
- A.F. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center (MRRC)-Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 4 Koroliova St., 249036 Obninsk, Russia
| | - Natalia Shepel
- A.F. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center (MRRC)-Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 4 Koroliova St., 249036 Obninsk, Russia
| | - Olga Korovchuk
- A.F. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center (MRRC)-Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 4 Koroliova St., 249036 Obninsk, Russia
| | - Polina Kutsalo
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), 6 Joliot-Curie St., 141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - Petr Shegai
- Federal State Budgetary Institution, National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 2 Botkinskiy Proezd, 125284 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrei Kaprin
- Federal State Budgetary Institution, National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 2 Botkinskiy Proezd, 125284 Moscow, Russia
- Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education, Department of Oncology and Radiology Named after N.P. Kharchenko, Medical Institute, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, 117198 Moscow, Russia
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Paz N, Hartel C, Nasonova E, Donaubauer AJ, Frey B, Ritter S. Chromosome Aberrations in Lymphocytes of Patients Undergoing Radon Spa Therapy: An Explorative mFISH Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:10757. [PMID: 34682498 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182010757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In the present exploratory study, we aim to elucidate the action of radon in vivo and to assess the possible health risks. Chromosome aberrations were analyzed in lymphocytes of two patients (P1, P2) undergoing radon spa therapy in Bad Steben (Germany). Both patients, suffering from painful chronic degenerative disorders of the spine and joints, received nine baths (1.2 kBq/L at 34 °C) over a 3-week period. Chromosome aberrations were analyzed before and 6, 12 and 30 weeks after the start of therapy using the high-resolution multiplex fluorescence in situ hybridization (mFISH) technique. For comparison, the lymphocytes from two healthy donors (HD1, HD2) were examined. P1 had a higher baseline aberration frequency than P2 and both healthy donors (5.3 ± 1.3 vs. 2.0 ± 0.8, 1.4 ± 0.3 and 1.1 ± 0.1 aberrations/100 analyzed metaphases, respectively). Complex aberrations, biomarkers of densely ionizing radiation, were found in P1, P2 and HD1. Neither the aberration frequency nor the fraction of complex aberrations increased after radon spa treatment, i.e., based on biological dosimetry, no increased health risk was found. It is worth noting that a detailed breakpoint analysis revealed potentially clonal aberrations in both patients. Altogether, our data show pronounced inter-individual differences with respect to the number and types of aberrations, complicating the risk analysis of low doses such as those received during radon therapy.
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Hartel C, Nasonova E, Fuss MC, Nikoghosyan AV, Debus J, Ritter S. Persistence of radiation-induced aberrations in patients after radiotherapy with C-ions and IMRT. Clin Transl Radiat Oncol 2018; 13:57-63. [PMID: 30364751 PMCID: PMC6198102 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctro.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A follow-up of aberrations in lymphocytes of cancer patients was performed. The ratio of dicentrics to translocations declined indicating bone marrow damage. Bone marrow exposure was verified by examination of treatment plans. Clonal aberrations were also present before therapy and thus not radiation induced.
Background and purpose Chromosomal aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes are a biomarker for radiation exposure and are associated with an increased risk for malignancies. To determine the long-term cytogenetic effect of radiotherapy, we analyzed the persistence of different aberration types up to 2.5 years after the treatment. Materials and methods Cytogenetic damage was analyzed in lymphocytes from 14 patients that had undergone C-ion boost + IMRT treatment for prostate cancer. Samples were taken immediately, 1 year and 2.5 years after therapy. Aberrations were scored using the multiplex fluorescence in situ hybridization technique and grouped according to their transmissibility to daughter cells. Results Dicentric chromosomes (non-transmissible) and translocations (transmissible) were induced with equal frequencies. In the follow-up period, the translocation yield remained unchanged while the yield of dicentrics decreased to ≈40% of the initial value (p = 0.011 and p = 0.001 for 1 and 2.5 years after compared to end of therapy). In 2 patients clonal aberrations were observed; however they were also found in samples taken before therapy and thus were not radiotherapy induced. Conclusion The shift in the aberrations spectrum towards a higher fraction of translocations indicates the exposure of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells underlining the importance of a careful sparing of bone marrow during radiotherapy to minimize the risk for secondary cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carola Hartel
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Biophysics Department, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Elena Nasonova
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Biophysics Department, Darmstadt, Germany.,Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Dubna, Russia
| | - Martina C Fuss
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Biophysics Department, Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | - Juergen Debus
- University Heidelberg, Department of Radiation Oncology, Germany
| | - Sylvia Ritter
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Biophysics Department, Darmstadt, Germany
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Nakano M, Nishimura M, Hamasaki K, Mishima S, Yoshida M, Nakata A, Shimada Y, Noda A, Nakamura N, Kodama Y. Fetal Irradiation of Rats Induces Persistent Translocations in Mammary Epithelial Cells Similar to the Level after Adult Irradiation, but not in Hematolymphoid Cells. Radiat Res 2014; 181:172-6. [DOI: 10.1667/rr13446.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mimako Nakano
- Department of Genetics, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, 5-2 Hijiyama Park, Miami-ku, Hiroshima 732-0815, Japan
| | - Mayumi Nishimura
- Radiobiology for Children's Health Research Program, Research Center for Radiation Protection, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Kanya Hamasaki
- Department of Genetics, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, 5-2 Hijiyama Park, Miami-ku, Hiroshima 732-0815, Japan
| | - Shuji Mishima
- Department of Genetics, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, 5-2 Hijiyama Park, Miami-ku, Hiroshima 732-0815, Japan
| | - Mitsuaki Yoshida
- Department of Radiation Biology, Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8564, Japan
| | - Akifumi Nakata
- Department of Radiation Biology, Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8564, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Shimada
- Radiobiology for Children's Health Research Program, Research Center for Radiation Protection, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Asao Noda
- Department of Genetics, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, 5-2 Hijiyama Park, Miami-ku, Hiroshima 732-0815, Japan
| | - Nori Nakamura
- Department of Genetics, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, 5-2 Hijiyama Park, Miami-ku, Hiroshima 732-0815, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kodama
- Department of Genetics, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, 5-2 Hijiyama Park, Miami-ku, Hiroshima 732-0815, Japan
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Kodama Y, Ohtaki K, Nakano M, Hamasaki K, Awa AA, Lagarde F, Nakamura N. Clonally Expanded T-Cell Populations in Atomic Bomb Survivors Do Not Show Excess Levels of Chromosome Instability. Radiat Res 2005; 164:618-26. [PMID: 16358484 DOI: 10.1667/rr3455.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Radiation-induced genomic instability has been studied primarily in cultured cells, while in vivo studies have been limited. One major obstacle for in vivo studies is the lack of reliable biomarkers that are capable of distinguishing genetic alterations induced by delayed radiation effects from those that are induced immediately after a radiation exposure. Here we describe a method to estimate cytogenetic instability in vivo using chromosomally marked clonal T-cell populations in atomic bomb survivors. The basic idea is that clonal translocations are derived from single progenitor cells that acquired an aberration, most likely after a radiation exposure, and then multiplied extensively in vivo, resulting in a large number of progeny cells that eventually comprise several percent of the total lymphocyte population. Therefore, if chromosome instability began to operate soon after a radiation exposure, an elevated frequency of additional but solitary chromosome aberrations in clonal cell populations would be expected. In the present study, six additional translocations were found among 936 clonal cells examined with the G-band method (0.6%); the corresponding value with multicolor FISH analysis was 1.2% (4/333). Since these frequencies were no higher than 1.2% (219/17,878 cells), the mean translocation frequency observed in control subjects using the G-band method, it is concluded that chromosome instabilities that could give rise to an increased frequency of persisting, exchange-type aberrations were not commonly generated by radiation exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kodama
- Department of Genetics, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, 5-2 Hijiyama Park, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 732-0815, Japan.
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Nakamura N. A Hypothesis: Radiation-Related Leukemia is Mainly Attributable to the Small Number of People who Carry Pre-existing Clonally Expanded Preleukemic Cells. Radiat Res 2005; 163:258-65. [PMID: 15733032 DOI: 10.1667/rr3311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Human leukemia frequently involves recurrent translocations. Since radiation is a well-known inducer of both leukemia and chromosomal translocations, it has long been suspected that radiation might cause leukemia by inducing specific translocations. However, recent studies clearly indicate that spontaneous translocations specific to acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) actually occur much more frequently than do leukemia cases with the same translocations. Moreover, the ALL-associated translocation-bearing cells are often found to have clonally expanded in individuals who do not develop ALL. Since radiation-induced DNA damage is generated essentially randomly in the genome, it does not seem likely that radiation could ever be responsible for the induction of identical translocations of relevance to ALL in multiple cells of an individual and hence be the primary cause of radiation-related leukemia. An alternative hypothesis described here is that the radiation-related ALL risk for a population is almost entirely attributable to a small number of predisposed individuals in whom relatively large numbers of translocation-carrying pre-ALL cells have accumulated. This preleukemic clone hypothesis explains various known characteristics of radiation-related ALL and implies that people who do not have substantial numbers of preleukemic cells (i.e. the great majority) are likely at low risk of developing leukemia. The hypothesis can also be applied to chronic myelogenous leukemia and to young-at-exposure cases of acute myelogenous leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nori Nakamura
- Department of Genetics, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, 5-2 Hijiyama Park, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 732-0815, Japan.
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Nakano M, Kodama Y, Ohtaki K, Itoh M, Awa AA, Cologne J, Kusunoki Y, Nakamura N. Estimating the Number of Hematopoietic or Lymphoid Stem Cells Giving Rise to Clonal Chromosome Aberrations in Blood T Lymphocytes. Radiat Res 2004; 161:273-81. [PMID: 14982487 DOI: 10.1667/rr3133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Quantifying the proliferative capacity of long-term hematopoietic stem cells in humans is important for bone marrow transplantation and gene therapy. Obtaining appropriate data is difficult, however, because the experimental tools are limited. We hypothesized that tracking clonal descendants originating from hematopoietic stem cells would be possible if we used clonal chromosome aberrations as unique tags of individual hematopoietic stem cells in vivo. Using FISH, we screened 500 blood T lymphocytes from each of 513 atomic bomb survivors and detected 96 clones composed of at least three cells with identical aberrations. The number of clones was inversely related to their population size, which we interpreted to mean that the progenitor cells were heterogeneous in the number of progeny that they could produce. The absolute number of progenitor cells contributing to the formation of the observed clones was estimated as about two in an unexposed individual. Further, scrutiny of ten clones revealed that lymphocyte clones could originate roughly equally from hematopoietic stem cells or from mature T lymphocytes, thereby suggesting that the estimated two progenitor cells are shared as one hematopoietic stem cell and one mature T cell. Our model predicts that one out of ten people bears a non- aberrant clone comprising >10% of the total lymphocytes, which indicates that clonal expansions are common and probably are not health-threatening.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nakano
- Department of Genetics, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, 5-2 Hijiyama Park, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 732-0815, Japan.
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