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Tazuma S, Sudo T, Ishikawa A, Yamaguchi A, Shibata Y, Ishida Y, Kuraoka K, Uemura K, Takahashi S, Tashiro H. Effects of transmembrane serine protease 4 on the survival in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma undergoing surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy. Surg Today 2024:10.1007/s00595-024-02824-y. [PMID: 38637344 DOI: 10.1007/s00595-024-02824-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The transmembrane serine protease 4 (TMPRSS4) gene is upregulated in various human cancers. However, its biological functions in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma remain unclear. We examined the expression of TMPRSS4 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma tissues and its correlation with clinicopathological parameters in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma who underwent surgery. METHODS The TMPRSS4 expression was immunohistochemically examined in 81 PDAC patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. We analyzed the association between the TMPRSS4 expression and clinicopathological factors, the recurrence-free survival (RFS), and the overall survival (OS) and examined the effect of TMPRSS4 expression on cell migration and sensitivity to 5-fluorouracil. RESULTS The expression rate of TMPRSS4 in the samples was 62.9% (51/81). The TMPRSS4 expression was not correlated with any clinicopathological feature. The five-year overall and recurrence-free survival rates were significantly lower in the TMPRSS4-positive group than in the TMPRSS4-negative group. On a multivariate analysis, TMPRSS4 positivity, poorly differentiated histology, and non-adjuvant chemotherapy predicted a poor OS, while TMPRSS4 positivity and poorly differentiated histology predicted a poor RFS. TMPRSS4-silenced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells showed higher sensitivity to 5- fluorouracil than did the control siRNA-transfected cells. CONCLUSIONS TMPRSS4 can be considered a prognostic factor and therapeutic target for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Tazuma
- Department of Surgery, Kure Medical Center/Chugoku Cancer Center, National Hospital Organization, 3-1, Kure, Hiroshima, 737-0023, Japan
| | - Takeshi Sudo
- Department of Surgery, Kure Medical Center/Chugoku Cancer Center, National Hospital Organization, 3-1, Kure, Hiroshima, 737-0023, Japan
| | - Akira Ishikawa
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kure Medical Center/Chugoku Cancer Center, National Hospital Organization, 3-1, Kure, Hiroshima, 737-0023, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yamaguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kure Medical Center/Chugoku Cancer Center, National Hospital Organization, 3-1, Kure, Hiroshima, 737-0023, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Shibata
- Department of Surgery, Kure Medical Center/Chugoku Cancer Center, National Hospital Organization, 3-1, Kure, Hiroshima, 737-0023, Japan
| | - Yuko Ishida
- Institute for Clinical Laboratory, Kure Medical Center/Chugoku Cancer Center, National Hospital Organization, 3-1, Aoyama, Kure, Hiroshima, 737-0023, Japan
| | - Kazuya Kuraoka
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kure Medical Center/Chugoku Cancer Center, National Hospital Organization, 3-1, Kure, Hiroshima, 737-0023, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Uemura
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Biochemical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Shinya Takahashi
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Biochemical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Tashiro
- Department of Surgery, Kure Medical Center/Chugoku Cancer Center, National Hospital Organization, 3-1, Kure, Hiroshima, 737-0023, Japan.
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Kircali MF, Turanli B. Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Molecular Substrates Revealed by Competing Endogenous RNA Regulatory Networks. OMICS 2023; 27:381-392. [PMID: 37540140 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2023.0072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive fibrotic disease of the lung with poor prognosis. Fibrosis results from remodeling of the interstitial tissue. A wide range of gene expression changes are observed, but the role of micro RNAs (miRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNA) is still unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to establish an messenger RNA (mRNA)-miRNA-circRNA competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory network to uncover novel molecular signatures using systems biology tools. Six datasets were used to determine differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and miRNAs (DEmiRNA). Accordingly, protein-protein, mRNA-miRNA, and miRNA-circRNA interactions were constructed. Modules were determined and further analyzed in the Drug Gene Budger platform to identify potential therapeutic compounds. We uncovered common 724 DEGs and 278 DEmiRNAs. In the protein-protein interaction network, TMPRSS4, ESR2, TP73, CLEC4E, and TP63 were identified as hub protein coding genes. The mRNA-miRNA interaction network revealed two modules composed of ADRA1A, ADRA1B, hsa-miR-484 and CDH2, TMPRSS4, and hsa-miR-543. The DEmiRNAs in the modules further analyzed to propose potential circRNA regulators in the ceRNA network. These results help deepen the understanding of the mechanisms of IPF. In addition, the molecular leads reported herein might inform future innovations in diagnostics and therapeutics research and development for IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Fatih Kircali
- School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Türkiye
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Beste Turanli
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Türkiye
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Zhao XF, Yang YS, Gao DZ, Park YK. TMPRSS4 overexpression promotes the metastasis of colorectal cancer and predicts poor prognosis of stage III-IV colorectal cancer. Int J Biol Markers 2021; 36:23-32. [PMID: 34595980 DOI: 10.1177/17246008211046368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study in detail the expression pattern and prognostic significance of TMPRSS4 in colorectal cancer. METHODS The expression of TMPRSS4 protein was determined using Western blot in the colorectal cancer tissues and normal tissues. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the TMPRSS4 expression in colorectal cancer tissues, and the clinicopathologic characteristics and prognostic significance were analyzed. RESULTS TMPRSS4 overexpression was associated with tumor budding, lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion, cancerous emboli, infiltration depth, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and tumor node metastasis stage (P < 0.05 for all). Interestingly, TMPRSS4 expression in the tumor budding, tumor emboli, lymph node, and liver metastatic tumor samples was higher than in the paired primary tumors. In contrast, TMPRSS4 overexpression is inversely correlated with both the overall survival and the disease-free survival of the patients with colorectal cancer (P < 0.05 for both). Also, we found that TMPRSS4 is only of significance in predicting the prognosis of stage III and IV colorectal cancer, not stage I and II. CONCLUSIONS TMPRSS4 was shown to be involved in the whole process of metastasis from tumor budding to lymph node and/or distant metastasis in colorectal cancer and predicted the unfavorable prognosis of stage III-IV, indicating that it is a novel target for the precise treatment of colorectal cancer with lymph node or distant organ metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Feng Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, 194043Dalian University Affiliated Xinhua Hospital, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Yu-Shen Yang
- Department of General Surgery, 194043Dalian University Affiliated Xinhua Hospital, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Da-Zhi Gao
- Department of General Surgery, 194043Dalian University Affiliated Xinhua Hospital, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Young Kyu Park
- Department of General Surgery, 65722Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Jeollanamdo, Republic of Korea
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Xiao H, Zhang Z, Peng D, Wei C, Ma B. Type II transmembrane serine proteases 4 (TMPRSS4) promotes proliferation, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in endometrial carcinoma cells (HEC1A and Ishikawa) via activation of MAPK and AKT. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2021; 25:211-218. [PMID: 34408809 PMCID: PMC8366621 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2021.1944311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecological cancer in the developed countries. Type II transmembrane serine proteases 4 (TMPRSS4) is a newly discovered transmembrane protein, which may be related to the invasion, metastasis of the tumor and the poor prognosis. This study aims to investigate the role of TMPRSS4 in endometrial cancer and the detailed molecular mechanism. The results showed that TMPRSS4 was highly expressed in human endometrial cancer cells (HEC1A and Ishikawa). TMPRSS4 knockdown inhibited proliferation of endometrial cancer cells. In TMPRSS4 knockdown cells, the invasion of cells was significantly supressed. The expression of E-cadherin was significantly enhanced, while the levels of fibronectin and vimentin decreased in TMPRSS4 knockdown cells, which indicated thatTMPRSS4 knockdown attenuated the EMT of cancer cells. TMPRSS4 positively regulated the activation of MAPK and AKT signaling pathways in endometrial cancer. In conclusion, this study indicated that TMPRSS4 may be associated with the progression of endometrial cancer through promoting proliferation, invasion and EMT via activation of MAPK and AKT in endometrial cancer cells. TMPRSS4 may be a new and more effective target or therapeutic strategy for treating endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Xiao
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Huanggang Central Hospital Affiliated to Changjiang University, Huanggang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhian Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Huanggang Central Hospital Affiliated to Changjiang University, Huanggang, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Peng
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Huanggang Central Hospital Affiliated to Changjiang University, Huanggang, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunqing Wei
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Huanggang Central Hospital Affiliated to Changjiang University, Huanggang, People's Republic of China
| | - Benling Ma
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, People's Republic of China
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Xie G, Sun L, Li Y, Chen B, Wang C. Periplocin inhibits the growth of pancreatic cancer by inducing apoptosis via AMPK-mTOR signaling. Cancer Med 2021; 10:325-336. [PMID: 33231372 PMCID: PMC7826466 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periplocin is a monomeric compound that exhibits anti-tumor activities. It is extracted from Cortex Periplocae. OBJECTIVE This study aimed at determining the effect of periplocin treatment on the apoptosis and proliferation of human pancreatic cancer cells, and to elucidate on its mechanisms of action. METHODS PANC1 and cfpac1 cells were treated with periplocin. Cell proliferation was detected by RTCA, Ki67 immunofluorescence, and a clonogenic assay. The transwell assay was used to examine cell migration and invasion functions. The expression of apoptosis-associated proteins was detected by flow cytometry and western blotting. Total RNA was extracted from the treated and untreated group of PANC1 cells for RNA-seq detection and analysis. Differentially expressed genes were screened for GO biological process and KEGG pathway analysis. Finally, CFPAC1 cells were subcutaneously inoculated into BALB / c nude mice to assess tumor growth. RESULTS Periplocin inhibited the proliferation of PANC1 and CFPAC1 cells and induced their apoptosis by activating the AMPK/mTOR pathway and inhibiting p70 S6K. It also attenuated the cell migration, invasion, and inhibited the growth of cfpac1 xenografts in nude mice. CONCLUSIONS Periplocin inhibits human pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and induces their apoptosis by activating the AMPK / mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangyin Xie
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato‐Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang ProvinceZhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Linxiao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato‐Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang ProvinceZhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Yonglin Li
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato‐Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang ProvinceZhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Bicheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato‐Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang ProvinceZhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Cheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato‐Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang ProvinceZhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiangChina
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Liu X, Wang J, Chen M, Liu S, Yu X, Wen F. Combining data from TCGA and GEO databases and reverse transcription quantitative PCR validation to identify gene prognostic markers in lung cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:709-720. [PMID: 30718962 PMCID: PMC6345189 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s183944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to predict and explore the possible mechanism and clinical value of genetic markers in the development of lung cancer with a combined database to screen the prognostic genes of lung cancer. Materials and methods Common differential genes in two gene expression chips (GSE3268 and GSE10072 datasets) were investigated by collecting and calculating from Gene Expression Omnibus and The Cancer Genome Atlas databases using R language. Five markers of gene composition (ribonucleotide reductase regulatory subunit M2 [RRM2], trophoblast glycoprotein [TPBG], transmembrane protease serine 4[TMPRFF4], chloride intracellular channel 3 [CLIC3], and WNT inhibitory factor-1 [WIF1]) were found by the stepwise Cox regression function when we further screened combinations of gene models, which were more meaningful for prognosis. By analyzing the correlation between gene markers and clinicopathological parameters of lung cancer and its effect on prognosis, the TPBG gene was selected to analyze differential expression, its possible pathways and functions were predicted using gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), and its protein interaction network was constructed using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING) database; then, quantitative PCR and the Oncomine database were used to verify the expression differences of TPBG in lung cancer cells and tissues. Results The expression levels of five genetic markers were correlated with survival prognosis, and the total survival time of the patients with high expression of the genetic markers was shorter than those with low expression (P<0.001). GSEA showed that these high-expression samples enriched the gene sets of cell adhesion, cytokine receptor interaction pathway, extracellular matrix receptor pathway, adhesion pathway, skeleton protein regulation, cancer pathway and TGF-β pathway. Conclusion The high expression of five gene constituent markers is a poor prognostic factor in lung cancer and may serve as an effective biomarker for predicting metastasis and prognosis of patients with lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China, .,Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China, .,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mei Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shilan Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaodan Yu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fuqiang Wen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China, .,Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China,
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Chen MB, Liu YY, Cheng LB, Lu JW, Zeng P, Lu PH. AMPKα phosphatase Ppm1E upregulation in human gastric cancer is required for cell proliferation. Oncotarget 2018; 8:31288-31296. [PMID: 28423719 PMCID: PMC5458207 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a valuable anti-cancer strategy. In the current study, we tested expression and potential function of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase phosphatase (Ppm1E), an AMPKα phosphatase, in human gastric cancers. Ppm1E expression was elevated in human gastric cancer tissues (vs. normal tissues), which was correlated with AMPK (p-AMPKα, Thr-172) dephosphorylation and mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) activation. Ppm1E upregulation, AMPK inhibition and mTORC1 activation were also observed in human gastric cancer cell lines (AGS, HGC-27, and SNU601). Intriguingly, Ppm1E knockdown by shRNA induced AMPK activation, mTORC1 inactivation, and proliferation inhibition in AGS cells. On the other hand, forced over-expression of Ppm1E induced further AMPK inhibition and mTORC1 activation to enhance AGS cell proliferation. Remarkably, microRNA-135b-5p (“miR-135b-5p”), an anti-Ppm1E microRNA, was downregulated in both human gastric cancer tissues and cells. Reversely, miR-135b-5p exogenous expression caused Ppm1E depletion, AMPK activation, and AGC cell proliferation inhibition. Together, Ppm1E upregulation in human gastric cancer is important for cell proliferation, possible via regulating AMPK-mTOR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Bin Chen
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Kunshan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Kunshan, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Kunshan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Kunshan, China
| | - Li-Bo Cheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wuxi Second Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wu'xi, China
| | - Jian-Wei Lu
- Department of Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ping Zeng
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Kunshan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Kunshan, China
| | - Pei-Hua Lu
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
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Valero-Jiménez A, Zúñiga J, Cisneros J, Becerril C, Salgado A, Checa M, Buendía-Roldán I, Mendoza-Milla C, Gaxiola M, Pardo A, Selman M. Transmembrane protease, serine 4 (TMPRSS4) is upregulated in IPF lungs and increases the fibrotic response in bleomycin-induced lung injury. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192963. [PMID: 29529050 PMCID: PMC5846721 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic and progressive lung disease characterized by epithelial cell activation, expansion of the fibroblast population and excessive extracellular matrix accumulation. The mechanisms are incompletely understood but evidence indicates that the deregulation of several proteases contributes to its pathogenesis. Transmembrane protease serine 4 (TMPRSS4) is a novel type II transmembrane serine protease that may promote migration and facilitate epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), two critical processes in the pathogenesis of IPF. Thus, we hypothesized that over-expression of TMPRSS4 in the lung could promote the initiation and/or progression of IPF. In this study we first evaluated the expression and localization of TMPRSS4 in IPF lungs by real time PCR, western blot and immunohistochemistry. Then we examined the lung fibrotic response in wild-type and TMPRSS4 deficient mice using the bleomycin-induced lung injury model. We found that this protease is upregulated in IPF lungs, where was primarily expressed by epithelial and mast cells. Paralleling the findings in vivo, TMPRSS4 was expressed by alveolar and bronchial epithelial cells in vitro and unexpectedly, provoked an increase of E-cadherin. No expression was observed in normal human or IPF lung fibroblasts. The lung fibrotic response evaluated at 28 days after bleomycin injury was markedly attenuated in the haplodeficient and deficient TMPRSS4 mice. By morphology, a significant reduction of the fibrotic index was observed in KO and heterozygous mice which was confirmed by measurement of collagen content (hydroxyproline: WT: 164±21.1 μg/lung versus TMPRSS4 haploinsufficient: 110.2±14.3 μg/lung and TMPRSS4 deficient mice: 114.1±24.2 μg/lung (p<0.01). As in IPF, TMPRSS4 was also expressed in epithelial and mast cells. These findings indicate that TMPRSS4 is upregulated in IPF lungs and that may have a profibrotic role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Valero-Jiménez
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Ismael Cosío Villegas, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Joaquín Zúñiga
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Ismael Cosío Villegas, Ciudad de México, México
| | - José Cisneros
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Ismael Cosío Villegas, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Carina Becerril
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Ismael Cosío Villegas, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Alfonso Salgado
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Ismael Cosío Villegas, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Marco Checa
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Ismael Cosío Villegas, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Ivette Buendía-Roldán
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Ismael Cosío Villegas, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Criselda Mendoza-Milla
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Ismael Cosío Villegas, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Miguel Gaxiola
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Ismael Cosío Villegas, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Annie Pardo
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Moisés Selman
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Ismael Cosío Villegas, Ciudad de México, México
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