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Mao Y, Weng J, Xie Q, Wu L, Xuan Y, Zhang J, Han J. Association between dietary inflammatory index and Stroke in the US population: evidence from NHANES 1999-2018. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:50. [PMID: 38166986 PMCID: PMC10763382 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17556-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an increasing awareness that diet-related inflammation may have an impact on the stroke. Herein, our goal was to decipher the association of dietary inflammatory index (DII) with stroke in the US general population. METHODS We collected the cross-sectional data of 44,019 participants of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2018. The association of DII with stroke was estimated using weighted multivariate logistic regression, with its nonlinearity being examined by restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was applied for identifying key stroke-related dietary factors, which was then included in the establishment of a risk prediction nomogram model, with the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve being built to evaluate its discriminatory power for stroke. RESULTS After confounder adjustment, the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for stroke across higher DII quartiles were 1.19 (0.94-1.54), 1.46 (1.16-1.84), and 1.87 (1.53-2.29) compared to the lowest quartile, respectively. The RCS curve showed a nonlinear and positive association between DII and stroke. The nomogram model based on key dietary factors identified by LASSO regression displayed a considerable predicative value for stroke, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 79.8% (78.2-80.1%). CONCLUSIONS Our study determined a nonlinear and positive association between DII and stroke in the US general population. Given the intrinsic limitations of cross-sectional study design, it is necessary to conduct more research to ensure the causality of such association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukang Mao
- Department of Cardiology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, 215008, Suzhou, China
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210029, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiayi Weng
- Department of Cardiology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, 215008, Suzhou, China
| | - Qiyang Xie
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210029, Nanjing, China
| | - Lida Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 210006, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanling Xuan
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210006, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, 215008, Suzhou, China.
| | - Jun Han
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Wuxi Fifth Hospital of Jiangnan University, The Fifth People's Hospital of Wuxi, 214065, Wuxi, China.
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Kondo K, Arima H, Fujiyoshi A, Sekikawa A, Kadota A, Hisamatsu T, Torii S, Shiino A, Morino K, Miyagawa N, Segawa H, Watanabe Y, Maegawa H, Nozaki K, Miura K, Ueshima H. Differential Association of Serum n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids with Various Cerebrovascular Lesions in Japanese Men. Cerebrovasc Dis 2022; 51:774-780. [PMID: 35477146 DOI: 10.1159/000524243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An association between a high intake of marine-derived n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) with a lower risk of coronary heart disease was previously reported. However, the association between n-3 PUFAs and cerebrovascular lesions remains unclear. We evaluated this association in a general-population-based sample of Japanese men. METHODS Participants were community-dwelling men (40-79 years old) living in Kusatsu City, Shiga, Japan. Serum concentrations of n-3 PUFAs, defined as the sum of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids, were measured via gas-liquid chromatography between 2006 and 2008. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to assess cerebrovascular lesions (including intracerebral large-artery stenosis, lacunar infarction, and microbleeds) and white matter lesions between 2012 and 2015. Logistic regression adjusting for conventional cardiovascular risk factors was used to estimate the odds ratio of prevalent cerebrovascular lesions per 1 standard deviation higher serum concentration of n-3 PUFAs. RESULTS Of a total of 739 men, the numbers (crude prevalence in %) of prevalent cerebral large-artery stenoses, lacunar infarctions, microbleeds, and white matter lesions were 222 (30.0), 162 (21.9), 103 (13.9), and 164 (22.2), respectively. A 1 standard deviation higher concentration of n-3 PUFAs (30.5 μmol/L) was independently associated with lower odds of cerebral large-artery stenosis (multivariable-adjusted odds ratio, 0.80; 95% confidential interval, 0.67-0.97). There were no significant associations of n-3 PUFAs with the other types of lesions. CONCLUSIONS n-3 PUFAs may have protective effects against large-artery stenosis, but not small vessel lesions, in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Kondo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, NCD Epidemiology Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Hisatomi Arima
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akira Fujiyoshi
- Department of Hygiene, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Akira Sekikawa
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Aya Kadota
- Department of Preventive Medicine, NCD Epidemiology Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Takashi Hisamatsu
- Department of Public Health, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Sayuki Torii
- Department of Preventive Medicine, NCD Epidemiology Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Akihiko Shiino
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Katsutaro Morino
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Naoko Miyagawa
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Segawa
- Department of Preventive Medicine, NCD Epidemiology Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Watanabe
- Department of Radiology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Maegawa
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nozaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Miura
- Department of Preventive Medicine, NCD Epidemiology Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Ueshima
- Department of Preventive Medicine, NCD Epidemiology Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
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Wang C, Enssle J, Pietzner A, Schmöcker C, Weiland L, Ritter O, Jaensch M, Elbelt U, Pagonas N, Weylandt KH. Essential Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Blood from Patients with and without Catheter-Proven Coronary Artery Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020766. [PMID: 35054948 PMCID: PMC8775772 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. Statins reduce morbidity and mortality of CAD. Intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFAs), particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), is associated with reduced morbidity and mortality in patients with CAD. Previous data indicate that a higher conversion of precursor fatty acids (FAs) to arachidonic acid (AA) is associated with increased CAD prevalence. Our study explored the FA composition in blood to assess n-3 PUFA levels from patients with and without CAD. We analyzed blood samples from 273 patients undergoing cardiac catheterization. Patients were stratified according to clinically relevant CAD (n = 192) and those without (n = 81). FA analysis in full blood was performed by gas chromatography. Indicating increased formation of AA from precursors, the ratio of dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA) to AA, the delta-5 desaturase index (D5D index) was higher in CAD patients. CAD patients had significantly lower levels of omega-6 polyunsaturated FAs (n-6 PUFA) and n-3 PUFA, particularly EPA, in the blood. Thus, our study supports a role of increased EPA levels for cardioprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoxuan Wang
- Division of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Metabolism and Oncology, University Hospital Ruppin-Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School, 16816 Neuruppin, Germany; (C.W.); (J.E.); (A.P.); (C.S.); (U.E.)
- Medical Department, Division of Psychosomatic Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jörg Enssle
- Division of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Metabolism and Oncology, University Hospital Ruppin-Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School, 16816 Neuruppin, Germany; (C.W.); (J.E.); (A.P.); (C.S.); (U.E.)
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology, Brandenburg Medical School and University of Potsdam, 14469 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Anne Pietzner
- Division of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Metabolism and Oncology, University Hospital Ruppin-Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School, 16816 Neuruppin, Germany; (C.W.); (J.E.); (A.P.); (C.S.); (U.E.)
| | - Christoph Schmöcker
- Division of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Metabolism and Oncology, University Hospital Ruppin-Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School, 16816 Neuruppin, Germany; (C.W.); (J.E.); (A.P.); (C.S.); (U.E.)
| | - Linda Weiland
- Division of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Brandenburg an der Havel, Brandenburg Medical School, 14770 Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany; (L.W.); (O.R.); (M.J.); (N.P.)
| | - Oliver Ritter
- Division of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Brandenburg an der Havel, Brandenburg Medical School, 14770 Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany; (L.W.); (O.R.); (M.J.); (N.P.)
| | - Monique Jaensch
- Division of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Brandenburg an der Havel, Brandenburg Medical School, 14770 Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany; (L.W.); (O.R.); (M.J.); (N.P.)
| | - Ulf Elbelt
- Division of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Metabolism and Oncology, University Hospital Ruppin-Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School, 16816 Neuruppin, Germany; (C.W.); (J.E.); (A.P.); (C.S.); (U.E.)
- Medical Department, Division of Psychosomatic Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nikolaos Pagonas
- Division of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Brandenburg an der Havel, Brandenburg Medical School, 14770 Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany; (L.W.); (O.R.); (M.J.); (N.P.)
| | - Karsten H. Weylandt
- Division of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Metabolism and Oncology, University Hospital Ruppin-Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School, 16816 Neuruppin, Germany; (C.W.); (J.E.); (A.P.); (C.S.); (U.E.)
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology, Brandenburg Medical School and University of Potsdam, 14469 Potsdam, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)3391-39-3210
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Zeng J, Bao T, Yang K, Zhu X, Wang S, Xiang W, Ge A, Zeng L, Ge J. The mechanism of microglia-mediated immune inflammation in ischemic stroke and the role of natural botanical components in regulating microglia: A review. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1047550. [PMID: 36818470 PMCID: PMC9933144 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1047550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is one of the most fatal diseases. Neuroimmunity, inflammation, and oxidative stress play important roles in various complex mechanisms of IS. In particular, the early proinflammatory response resulting from the overactivation of resident microglia and the infiltration of circulating monocytes and macrophages in the brain after cerebral ischemia leads to secondary brain injury. Microglia are innate immune cells in the brain that constantly monitor the brain microenvironment under normal conditions. Once ischemia occurs, microglia are activated to produce dual effects of neurotoxicity and neuroprotection, and the balance of the two effects determines the fate of damaged neurons. The activation of microglia is defined as the classical activation (M1 type) or alternative activation (M2 type). M1 type microglia secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines and neurotoxic mediators to exacerbate neuronal damage, while M2 type microglia promote a repairing anti-inflammatory response. Fine regulation of M1/M2 microglial activation to minimize damage and maximize protection has important therapeutic value. This review focuses on the interaction between M1/M2 microglia and other immune cells involved in the regulation of IS phenotypic characteristics, and the mechanism of natural plant components regulating microglia after IS, providing novel candidate drugs for regulating microglial balance and IS drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsong Zeng
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tingting Bao
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kailin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | | | - Shanshan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Wang Xiang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First People's Hospital Changde City, Changde, Hunan, China
| | - Anqi Ge
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liuting Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Jinwen Ge
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China.,Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Zhang Y, Guo X, Gao J, Wei C, Zhao S, Liu Z, Sun H, Wang J, Liu L, Li Y, Han T, Sun C. The associations of circulating common and uncommon polyunsaturated fatty acids and modification effects on dietary quality with all-cause and disease-specific mortality in NHANES 2003-2004 and 2011-2012. Ann Med 2021; 53:1744-1757. [PMID: 34672217 PMCID: PMC8547849 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2021.1937693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Associations of dietary or supplementary intake of several unsaturated fatty acids and mortality have been widely studied but the results were still hitherto inconsistent or limited. It is still need to explore the effects of these fatty acids by using the objective biomarkers. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the relevancy of several serum n-3 and n-6 fatty acids with all-cause and disease-specific mortality to confirm their health effects and effects on the associations between dietary quality and all-cause mortality. METHODS A total of 4132 people from NHANES 2003-2004 and 2011-2012 and the mortality information was confirmed from the NDI. CPH models adjusted for known risk factors were conducted to explore the associations between circulating n-3 and n-6 fatty acids and all-cause or CVD or cancer mortality under complex sampling. We further evaluated their effects on association between dietary quality and all-cause mortality. RESULTS A total of 437 deaths occurred during the mean follow-up of 83.34 months, including 157 CVD death and 100 cancer death. Serum LA, ALA, EPA and DHA were associated with all-cause mortality (HR in quintile5: LA:0.584, 95%CI: 0.387-0.882, Ptrend = 0.011; ALA:0.626, 95%CI: 0.432-0.907, Ptrend = 0.008; EPA:0.535, 95%CI: 0.375-0.764, Ptrend = 0.001; DHA:0.669, 95%CI: 0.468-0.955, Ptrend = 0.031). Additionally, serum EPA and ALA were respectively related to CVD and cancer mortality (Q5 HR: EPA:0.450, 95%CI: 0.23-0.854, Ptrend = 0.009; ALA:0.387, 95%CI: 0.167-0.900, Ptrend = 0.022). Serum AA, GLA, DGLA and SDA were not associated with any risk of mortality. The effect on all-cause mortality of the lower AHEI scores can be improved by adherence to a higher serum LA, EPA and DHA (in the lowest AHEI strata, LA in tertile3 compared to tertile1 HR:0.596, 95%CI: 0.366-0.970; EPA:0.660, 95%CI: 0.454-0.959; DHA:0.666, 95%CI; 0.444-1.000). CONCLUSIONS Our results support the recent dietary recommendations to increase the intake of plant-derived and marine-derived n-6 and n-3 to improve the ability of primary and secondary prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuntao Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, the National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Guo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, the National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Jian Gao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, the National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Chunbo Wei
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, the National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Shengnan Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, the National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Zhipeng Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, the National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Hu Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, the National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Jiemei Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, the National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, the National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, the National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Tianshu Han
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, the National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Changhao Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, the National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P. R. China
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Ueno Y, Miyamoto N, Yamashiro K, Tanaka R, Hattori N. Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Stroke Burden. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225549. [PMID: 31703271 PMCID: PMC6888676 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a major leading cause of death and disability worldwide. N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) including eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid have potent anti-inflammatory effects, reduce platelet aggregation, and regress atherosclerotic plaques. Since the discovery that the Greenland Eskimo population, whose diet is high in marine n-3 PUFAs, have a lower incidence of coronary heart disease than Western populations, numerous epidemiological studies to explore the associations of dietary intakes of fish and n-3 PUFAs with cardiovascular diseases, and large-scale clinical trials to identify the benefits of treatment with n-3 PUFAs have been conducted. In most of these studies the incidence and mortality of stroke were also evaluated mainly as secondary endpoints. Thus, a systematic literature review regarding the association of dietary intake of n-3 PUFAs with stroke in the epidemiological studies and the treatment effects of n-3 PUFAs in the clinical trials was conducted. Moreover, recent experimental studies were also reviewed to explore the molecular mechanisms of the neuroprotective effects of n-3 PUFAs after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Ueno
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; (N.M.); (K.Y.); (N.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-3-3813-3111; Fax: +81-3-5800-0547
| | - Nobukazu Miyamoto
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; (N.M.); (K.Y.); (N.H.)
| | - Kazuo Yamashiro
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; (N.M.); (K.Y.); (N.H.)
| | - Ryota Tanaka
- Stroke Center and Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan;
| | - Nobutaka Hattori
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; (N.M.); (K.Y.); (N.H.)
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Yamagishi SI, Matsui T. Effects of Dietary Intake and Supplementation of Fatty Acids on Cardiometabolic Disorders in Humans: a Lesson from a Large Number of Meta-Analyses. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180816666181107113148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Dietary fatty acids have exerted numerous pathophysiological effects in humans. Indeed,
monounsaturated fatty acids and ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are generally thought to have favorable
cardiometabolic actions via their anti-inflammatory and anti-thrombotic properties, while saturated
fatty acids and trans fatty acids are supposed to contribute to the development and progression
of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases by inducing dyslipidemia and obesity. However, there is
much controversy about the effects of dietary intake and supplementation of fatty acids on cardiometabolic
disorders. Therefore, in the present study, we limited the scope of this review to metaanalyses
(1) of observational studies of dietary intake of fatty acids and (2) of interventional trials
with fatty acid supplements to scrutinize the role of fatty acids in various cardiometabolic disorders.
We discuss here the clinical effects of fatty acids from dietary intake or supplements on incidence of
diabetes, metabolic syndrome, obesity and body weight, cardiovascular diseases and total mortality,
and also review the association of fatty acid biomarkers with these cardiometabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho-ichi Yamagishi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Takanori Matsui
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
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Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of mortality. The effects of several unsaturated fatty acids on cardiometabolic health, such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), α linolenic acid (ALA), linoleic acid (LA), and oleic acid (OA) have received much attention in past years. In addition, results from recent studies revealed that several other uncommon fatty acids (fatty acids present at a low content or else not contained in usual foods), such as furan fatty acids, n-3 docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), and conjugated fatty acids, also have favorable effects on cardiometabolic health. In the present report, we searched the literature in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library to review the research progress on anti-CVD effect of these uncommon fatty acids. DPA has a favorable effect on cardiometabolic health in a different way to other long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFAs), such as EPA and DHA. Furan fatty acids and conjugated linolenic acid (CLNA) may be potential bioactive fatty acids beneficial for cardiometabolic health, but evidence from intervention studies in humans is still limited, and well-designed clinical trials are required. The favorable effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on cardiometabolic health observed in animal or in vitro cannot be replicated in humans. However, most intervention studies in humans concerning CLA have only evaluated its effect on cardiometabolic risk factors but not its direct effect on risk of CVD, and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) will be required to clarify this point. However, several difficulties and limitations exist for conducting RCTs to evaluate the effect of these fatty acids on cardiometabolic health, especially the high costs for purifying the fatty acids from natural sources. This review provides a basis for better nutritional prevention and therapy of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelei Li
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China.
| | - Andrew J Sinclair
- Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, Notting Hill, VIC 3168, Australia.
| | - Feng Zhao
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China.
| | - Duo Li
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China.
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, Notting Hill, VIC 3168, Australia.
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Bigornia SJ, Scott TM, Harris WS, Tucker KL. Prospective Associations of Erythrocyte Composition and Dietary Intake of n-3 and n-6 PUFA with Measures of Cognitive Function. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10091253. [PMID: 30200655 PMCID: PMC6164488 DOI: 10.3390/nu10091253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) consumption is recommended as part of a healthy diet, but evidence of the impact of individual species and biological concentrations on cognitive function is limited. We examined prospective associations of PUFA erythrocyte composition and dietary intake with measures of cognitive function among participants of the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study (aged 57 years). Erythrocyte and dietary PUFA composition were ascertained at baseline and associated with 2-year scores on the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) (n = 1032) and cognitive domain patterns derived from a battery of tests (n = 865), as well as with incidence of cognitive impairment. Erythrocyte and dietary n-3 PUFA were not significantly associated with MMSE score. However, total erythrocyte and dietary n-3 very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA), and intake of individual species, were associated with better executive function (P-trend < 0.05, for all). There was evidence that greater erythrocyte n-6 eicosadienoic acid concentration was associated with lower MMSE and executive function scores (P-trend = 0.02). Only erythrocyte arachidonic acid (ARA) concentration predicted cognitive impairment (Odds Ratio = 1.26; P = 0.01). Among Puerto Rican adults, we found that n-3 VLCFA consumption may beneficially impact executive function. Further, these findings provide some evidence that n-6 metabolism favoring greater ARA tissue incorporation, but not necessarily dietary intake, could increase the risk of cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherman J Bigornia
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Food Systems, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA.
| | - Tammy M Scott
- USDA Jean Mayer Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
| | - William S Harris
- Medicine, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, USA.
- Omegaquant, LLC, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, USA.
| | - Katherine L Tucker
- Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA.
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Quintana A, Agra C, Outeiral L, Devesa A, Llorente D, Devesa J. Cognitive Evolution of a Patient Who Suffered a Subarachnoid Haemorrhage Eight Years Ago, after Being Treated with Growth Hormone, Melatonin and Neurorehabilitation. Reports 2018; 1:2. [DOI: 10.3390/reports1010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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