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Canals D, Hannun YA. Biological function, topology, and quantification of plasma membrane Ceramide. Adv Biol Regul 2024; 91:101009. [PMID: 38128364 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2023.101009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Over the past 30 years, a growing body of evidence has revealed the regulatory role of the lipid ceramide in various cellular functions. The structural diversity of ceramide, resulting in numerous species, and its distinct distribution within subcellular compartments may account for its wide range of functions. However, our ability to study the potential role of ceramide in specific subcellular membranes has been limited. Several works have shown mitochondrial, Golgi, and plasma membrane ceramide to mediate signaling pathways independently. These results have started to shift the focus on ceramide signaling research toward specific membrane pools. Nonetheless, the challenge arises from the substantial intracellular ceramide content, hindering efforts to quantify its presence in particular membranes. Recently, we have developed the first method capable of detecting and quantifying ceramide in the plasma membrane, leading to unexpected results such as detecting different pools of ceramide responding to drug concentration or time. This review summarizes the historical context that defined the idea of pools of ceramide, the studies on plasma membrane ceramide as a bioactive entity, and the tools available for its study, especially the new method to detect and, for the first time, quantify plasma membrane ceramide. We believe this method will open new avenues for researching sphingolipid signaling and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Canals
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA; Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
| | - Yusuf A Hannun
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA; Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
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Abstract
Nutrigenomics utilizes high-throughput genomic technologies to reveal changes in gene and protein levels. Excitingly, ever-growing body of scientific findings has provided sufficient evidence about the interplay between diet and genes. Cutting-edge research and advancements in genomics, epigenetics and metabolomics have deepened our understanding on the role of dietary factors in the inhibition of carcinogenesis and metastasis. Dietary saponins, a type of triterpene glycosides, are generally found in Platycodon grandifloras, Dioscorea oppositifolia, asparagus, legumes, and sea cucumber. Wealth of information has started to shed light on pleiotropic mechanistic roles of dietary saponins in cancer prevention and inhibition. In this review, we have attempted to summarize the in vitro research of dietary saponins in the last two decades by searching common databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The results showed that dietary saponins exerted anti-cancer activities via regulation of apoptosis, autophagy, arrest cell cycle, anti-proliferation, anti-metastasis, and anti-angiogenesis, by regulation of several critical signaling pathways, including MAPK, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, NF-κB, and VEGF/VEGFR. However, there is no data about the dosage of dietary saponins for practical anti-cancer effects in human bodies. Extensive clinical studies are needed to confirm the effectiveness of dietary saponins for further commercial and medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhou
- Food Science and Technology Program, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.,Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Baojun Xu
- Food Science and Technology Program, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
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Gaggini M, Pingitore A, Vassalle C. Plasma Ceramides Pathophysiology, Measurements, Challenges, and Opportunities. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11110719. [PMID: 34822377 PMCID: PMC8622894 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11110719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Ceramides are a family of lipid molecules, composed of sphingosine and a fatty acid, and transported by lipoproteins (primarily by low-density lipoproteins) in the bloodstream. They are not only structural lipids, but multifunctional and bioactive molecules with key roles in many important cellular pathways, such as inflammatory processes and apoptosis, representing potential biomarkers of cardiometabolic diseases as well as pharmacological targets. Recent data reported ceramide modulation by diet and aerobic exercise, suggesting nutrients and exercise-targeting sphingolipid pathways as a countermeasure, also in combination with other therapies, for risk and progression of chronic disease prevention and health maintenance. In this review, we focus on the available data regarding remarks on ceramide structure and metabolism, their pathophysiologic roles, and the effect of dietary habit and aerobic exercise on ceramide levels. Moreover, advancements and limitations of lipidomic techniques and simplification attempts to overcome difficulties of interpretation and to facilitate practical applications, such as the proposal of scores, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melania Gaggini
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (M.G.); (A.P.)
| | - Alessandro Pingitore
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (M.G.); (A.P.)
| | - Cristina Vassalle
- Fondazione CNR-Regione Toscana G. Monasterio, Via Moruzzi, 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-050-3153525
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Wei J, Liu R, Hu X, Liang T, Zhou Z, Huang Z. MAPK signaling pathway-targeted marine compounds in cancer therapy. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2021; 147:3-22. [PMID: 33389079 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-020-03460-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This paper reviews marine compounds that target the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway and their main sources, chemical structures, major targeted cancers and possible mechanisms to provide comprehensive and basic information for the development of marine compound-based antitumor drugs in clinical cancer therapy research. METHODS This paper searched the PubMed database using the keywords "cancer", "marine*" and "MAPK signaling pathway"; this search was supplemented by the literature-tracing method. The marine compounds screened for review in this paper are pure compounds with a chemical structure and have antitumor effects on more than one tumor cell line by targeting the MAPK signaling pathway. The PubChem database was used to search for the PubMed CID and draw the chemical structures of the marine compounds. RESULTS A total of 128 studies were searched, and 32 marine compounds with unique structures from extensive sources were collected for this review. These compounds are cytotoxic to cancer cell lines, although their targets are still unclear. This paper describes their anticancer effect mechanisms and the protein expression changes in the MAPK pathway induced by these marine compound treatments. This review is the first to highlight MAPK signaling pathway-targeted marine compounds and their use in cancer therapy. CONCLUSION The MAPK signaling pathway is a promising potential target for cancer therapy. Searching for marine compounds that exert anticancer effects by targeting the MAPK signaling pathway and developing them into new marine anticancer drugs will be beneficial for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaen Wei
- Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Precision Drug Design of Guangdong Medical University, Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs of Guangdong Province, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, No. 1 Xincheng Road, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruining Liu
- Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Precision Drug Design of Guangdong Medical University, Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs of Guangdong Province, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, No. 1 Xincheng Road, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiyun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Precision Drug Design of Guangdong Medical University, Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs of Guangdong Province, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, No. 1 Xincheng Road, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Tingen Liang
- Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Precision Drug Design of Guangdong Medical University, Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs of Guangdong Province, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, No. 1 Xincheng Road, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiran Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Precision Drug Design of Guangdong Medical University, Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs of Guangdong Province, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, No. 1 Xincheng Road, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Zunnan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Precision Drug Design of Guangdong Medical University, Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs of Guangdong Province, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, No. 1 Xincheng Road, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China. .,Marine Medical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, 524023, Guangdong, China.
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Mollinedo F, Gajate C. Lipid rafts as signaling hubs in cancer cell survival/death and invasion: implications in tumor progression and therapy: Thematic Review Series: Biology of Lipid Rafts. J Lipid Res 2020; 61:611-635. [PMID: 33715811 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.tr119000439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol/sphingolipid-rich membrane domains, known as lipid rafts or membrane rafts, play a critical role in the compartmentalization of signaling pathways. Physical segregation of proteins in lipid rafts may modulate the accessibility of proteins to regulatory or effector molecules. Thus, lipid rafts serve as sorting platforms and hubs for signal transduction proteins. Cancer cells contain higher levels of intracellular cholesterol and lipid rafts than their normal non-tumorigenic counterparts. Many signal transduction processes involved in cancer development (insulin-like growth factor system and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-AKT) and metastasis [cluster of differentiation (CD)44] are dependent on or modulated by lipid rafts. Additional proteins playing an important role in several malignant cancers (e.g., transmembrane glycoprotein mucin 1) are also being detected in association with lipid rafts, suggesting a major role of lipid rafts in tumor progression. Conversely, lipid rafts also serve as scaffolds for the recruitment and clustering of Fas/CD95 death receptors and downstream signaling molecules leading to cell death-promoting raft platforms. The partition of death receptors and downstream signaling molecules in aggregated lipid rafts has led to the formation of the so-called cluster of apoptotic signaling molecule-enriched rafts, or CASMER, which leads to apoptosis amplification and can be pharmacologically modulated. These death-promoting rafts can be viewed as a linchpin from which apoptotic signals are launched. In this review, we discuss the involvement of lipid rafts in major signaling processes in cancer cells, including cell survival, cell death, and metastasis, and we consider the potential of lipid raft modulation as a promising target in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faustino Mollinedo
- Laboratory of Cell Death and Cancer Therapy, Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), E-28040 Madrid, Spain. mailto:
| | - Consuelo Gajate
- Laboratory of Cell Death and Cancer Therapy, Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
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Matulja D, Wittine K, Malatesti N, Laclef S, Turks M, Markovic MK, Ambrožić G, Marković D. Marine Natural Products with High Anticancer Activities. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:1243-1307. [PMID: 31931690 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200113154115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This review covers recent literature from 2012-2019 concerning 170 marine natural products and their semisynthetic analogues with strong anticancer biological activities. Reports that shed light on cellular and molecular mechanisms and biological functions of these compounds, thus advancing the understanding in cancer biology are also included. Biosynthetic studies and total syntheses, which have provided access to derivatives and have contributed to the proper structure or stereochemistry elucidation or revision are mentioned. The natural compounds isolated from marine organisms are divided into nine groups, namely: alkaloids, sterols and steroids, glycosides, terpenes and terpenoids, macrolides, polypeptides, quinones, phenols and polyphenols, and miscellaneous products. An emphasis is placed on several drugs originating from marine natural products that have already been marketed or are currently in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Matulja
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, Radmile Matejcic 2, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Karlo Wittine
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, Radmile Matejcic 2, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Nela Malatesti
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, Radmile Matejcic 2, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Sylvain Laclef
- Laboratoire de Glycochimie, des Antimicrobiens et des Agro-ressources (LG2A), CNRS FRE 3517, 33 rue Saint-Leu, 80039 Amiens, France
| | - Maris Turks
- Faculty of Material Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, P. Valdena Str. 3, Riga, LV-1007, Latvia
| | - Maria Kolympadi Markovic
- Department of Physics, and Center for Micro- and Nanosciences and Technologies, University of Rijeka, Radmile Matejcic 2, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Gabriela Ambrožić
- Department of Physics, and Center for Micro- and Nanosciences and Technologies, University of Rijeka, Radmile Matejcic 2, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Dean Marković
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, Radmile Matejcic 2, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
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Brachtendorf S, El-Hindi K, Grösch S. WITHDRAWN: Ceramide synthases in cancer therapy and chemoresistance. Prog Lipid Res 2019:100992. [PMID: 31442523 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2019.100992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Brachtendorf
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, Frankfurt 60590, Germany
| | - Khadija El-Hindi
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, Frankfurt 60590, Germany
| | - Sabine Grösch
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, Frankfurt 60590, Germany
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Yuan L, Huang X, Zhou K, Zhu X, Huang B, Qiu S, Cao K, Xu L. Sea cucumber extract TBL-12 inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of human prostate cancer cells through the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and intrinsic caspase apoptosis pathway. Prostate 2019; 79:826-839. [PMID: 30889629 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sea cucumber is a kind of nutritious echinoderm that has multiple biological activities, including antioxidant, antibacterial, and antitumor activities. However, there is no extensive study on the antitumor effect of sea cucumber extract on prostate cancer (PCa). TBL-12 is a new sea cucumber extract. In this study, we investigated the in vivo anti-PCa effect of TBL-12 and its in vitro effects on the proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion of the human PCa cell lines LNCaP, 22RV1, PC-3, and DU145, and evaluated its possible mechanisms. METHODS Cell proliferation was analyzed by cell counting kit-8 and colony formation assays. Scratch migration assay and transwell invasiveness assay were used to observe TBL-12 effect on the migration and invasion of PCa cells. Matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 expression and enzymatic activity was determined by Western blot analysis, quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, and gelatin zymography. Apoptosis level was detected by flow cytometry analysis. Western blot analysis was used to analyze p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and apoptosis pathways. Angiogenic array analysis was used to explore autocrine and paracrine growth factors in PCa cell lines. Xenograft tumor model was built to observe the in vivo anticancer effect. RESULTS TBL-12 could significantly inhibit tumor growth in xenograft PCa mice in vivo, and dramatically inhibit the proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasiveness of PCa cells in vitro (P < 0.05 and P < 0.001). The expression and enzyme activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were significantly suppressed by TBL-12 ( P < 0.01), and decreased phosphorylation level of p38 in PCa cells was detected ( P < 0.001). Furthermore, TBL-12 could reinforce the MMP-2/MMP-9 inhibitory effect of SB203580, a specific inhibitor of the p38 MAPK pathway ( P < 0.05). Besides, TBL-12 could induce the apoptosis of PCa cells by activating caspase-9, caspase-7, and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase and suppressing survivin, and inhibit the secretion of angiogenin, angiopoietin-2, and vascular endothelial growth factor in PCa cells. CONCLUSIONS Sea cucumber extract TBL-12 could suppress the proliferation and metastasis of human PCa cells by inhibiting MMP-2 and MMP-9 via blocking the p38 MAPK pathway, inducing apoptosis through intrinsic caspase apoptosis pathway and inhibiting the secretion of angiogenic factors. Our findings may be of importance and significance for the research and clinical applications of sea cucumber extract in PCa treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yuan
- Research Center for Clinical Laboratory Standard, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xubin Huang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Zhou
- Research Center for Clinical Laboratory Standard, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xun Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Huang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaopeng Qiu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaiyuan Cao
- Research Center for Clinical Laboratory Standard, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Research Center for Clinical Laboratory Standard, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Brachtendorf S, El-Hindi K, Grösch S. Ceramide synthases in cancer therapy and chemoresistance. Prog Lipid Res 2019; 74:160-185. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Abstract
Sea cucumbers, belonging to the phylum Echinodermata, have been valued for centuries as a nutritious and functional food with various bioactivities. Sea cucumbers can produce highly active substances, notably saponins, the main secondary metabolites, which are the basis of their chemical defense. The saponins are mostly triterpene glycosides with triterpenes or steroid in aglycone, which possess multiple biological properties including antitumor, hypolipidemic activity, improvement of nonalcoholic fatty liver, inhibition of fat accumulation, antihyperuricemia, promotion of bone marrow hematopoiesis, antihypertension, etc. Sea cucumber saponins have received attention due to their rich sources, low toxicity, high efficiency, and few side effects. This review summarizes current research on the structure and activities of sea cucumber saponins based on the physiological and pharmacological activities from source, experimental models, efficacy, and mechanisms, which may provide a valuable reference for the development of sea cucumber saponins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Cai Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Ocean University of China , Qingdao , 266003 , Shandong China
| | - Chang-Hu Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Ocean University of China , Qingdao , 266003 , Shandong China
- Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology , Laboratory of Marine Drugs & Biological Products , Qingdao 266237 , China
| | - Tian-Tian Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Ocean University of China , Qingdao , 266003 , Shandong China
| | - Yu-Ming Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Ocean University of China , Qingdao , 266003 , Shandong China
- Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology , Laboratory of Marine Drugs & Biological Products , Qingdao 266237 , China
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Yun SH, Sim EH, Han SH, Han JY, Kim SH, Silchenko AS, Stonik VA, Park JI. Holotoxin A₁ Induces Apoptosis by Activating Acid Sphingomyelinase and Neutral Sphingomyelinase in K562 and Human Primary Leukemia Cells. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:md16040123. [PMID: 29642569 PMCID: PMC5923410 DOI: 10.3390/md16040123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine triterpene glycosides are attractive candidates for the development of anticancer agents. Holotoxin A1 is a triterpene glycoside found in the edible sea cucumber, Apostichopus (Stichopus) japonicus. We previously showed that cladoloside C2, the 25(26)-dihydro derivative of holotoxin A1, induced apoptosis in human leukemia cells by activating ceramide synthase 6. Thus, we hypothesized that holotoxin A1, which is structurally similar to cladoloside C2, might induce apoptosis in human leukemia cells through the same molecular mechanism. In this paper, we compared holotoxin A1 and cladoloside C2 for killing potency and mechanism of action. We found that holotoxin A1 induced apoptosis more potently than cladoloside C2. Moreover, holotoxin A1-induced apoptosis in K562 cells by activating caspase-8 and caspase-3, but not by activating caspase-9. During holotoxin A1 induced apoptosis, acid sphingomyelinase (SMase) and neutral SMase were activated in both K562 cells and human primary leukemia cells. Specifically inhibiting acid SMase and neutral SMаse with chemical inhibitors or siRNAs significantly inhibited holotoxin A1–induced apoptosis. These results indicated that holotoxin A1 might induce apoptosis by activating acid SMase and neutral SMase. In conclusion, holotoxin A1 represents a potential anticancer agent for treating leukemia. Moreover, the aglycone structure of marine triterpene glycosides might affect the mechanism involved in inducing apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Hoon Yun
- Department of Biochemistry, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan 49201, Korea.
| | - Eun-Hye Sim
- Department of Biochemistry, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan 49201, Korea.
| | - Sang-Heum Han
- Department of Biochemistry, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan 49201, Korea.
| | - Jin-Yeong Han
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan 49201, Korea.
| | - Sung-Hyun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan 49201, Korea.
| | - Alexandra S Silchenko
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia.
| | - Valentin A Stonik
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia.
| | - Joo-In Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan 49201, Korea.
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Yun SH, Sim EH, Han SH, Kim TR, Ju MH, Han JY, Jeong JS, Kim SH, Silchenko AS, Stonik VA, Park JI. In vitro and in vivo anti-leukemic effects of cladoloside C 2 are mediated by activation of Fas/ceramide synthase 6/p38 kinase/c-Jun NH 2-terminal kinase/caspase-8. Oncotarget 2017; 9:495-511. [PMID: 29416631 PMCID: PMC5787484 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that the quinovose-containing hexaoside stichoposide C (STC) is a more potent anti-leukemic agent than the glucose-containing stichoposide D (STD), and that these substances have different molecular mechanisms of action. In the present study, we investigated the novel marine triterpene glycoside cladoloside C2 from Cladolabes schmeltzii, which has the same carbohydrate moiety as STC. We assessed whether cladoloside C2 could induce apoptosis in K562 and HL-60 cells. We also evaluated whether it showed antitumor action in mouse leukemia xenograft models, and its molecular mechanisms of action. We investigated the molecular mechanism behind cladoloside C2-induced apoptosis of human leukemia cells, and examined the antitumor effect of cladoloside C2 in a HL-60 and K562 leukemia xenograft model. Cladoloside C2 dose- and time-dependently induced apoptosis in the analyzed cells, and led to the activation of Fas/ceramide synthase 6 (CerS6)/p38 kinase/JNK/caspase-8. This cladoloside C2-induced apoptosis was partially blocked by specific inhibition by Fas, CerS6, and p38 siRNA transfection, and by specific inhibition of JNK by SP600125 or dominant negative-JNK transfection. Cladoloside C2 exerted antitumor activity through the activation of Fas/CerS6/p38 kinase/JNK/caspase-8 without showing any toxicity in xenograft mouse models. The antitumor effect of cladoloside C2 was reversed in CerS6 shRNA-silenced xenograft models. Our results suggest that cladoloside C2 has in vitro and in vivo anti-leukemic effects due to the activation of Fas/CerS6/p38 kinase/JNK/caspase-8 in lipid rafts. These findings support the therapeutic relevance of cladoloside C2 in the treatment of human leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Hoon Yun
- Department of Biochemistry, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - Eun-Hye Sim
- Department of Biochemistry, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - Sang-Heum Han
- Department of Biochemistry, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - Tae-Rang Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - Mi-Ha Ju
- Department of Pathology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - Jin-Yeong Han
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - Jin-Sook Jeong
- Department of Pathology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - Sung-Hyun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - Alexandra S Silchenko
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bio-organic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Valentin A Stonik
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bio-organic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Joo-In Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
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Abstract
The aim of cancer therapy is to specifically eradicate tumor cells while causing minimal damage to normal tissues and minimal side-effects. Because of this, the use of natural substances with low toxicity is a good option. Sea cucumbers are one of many potential marine animals that contain valuable nutrients and medicinal properties. The medicinal value of sea cucumbers is attributed to the presence of bioactive agents with promising biological and pharmacological properties that include cytotoxic activity, induction of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, inhibition of tumor growth, anti-metastatic and anti-angiogenic properties, and inhibition of drug resistance. This review discusses the mechanisms of cancer cell death induced by sea cucumber-derived compounds with regard to exploring the potential use of these marine natural products for cancer therapy.
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14
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Abstract
Covering: 2015. Previous review: Nat. Prod. Rep., 2016, 33, 382-431This review covers the literature published in 2015 for marine natural products (MNPs), with 1220 citations (792 for the period January to December 2015) referring to compounds isolated from marine microorganisms and phytoplankton, green, brown and red algae, sponges, cnidarians, bryozoans, molluscs, tunicates, echinoderms, mangroves and other intertidal plants and microorganisms. The emphasis is on new compounds (1340 in 429 papers for 2015), together with the relevant biological activities, source organisms and country of origin. Reviews, biosynthetic studies, first syntheses, and syntheses that lead to the revision of structures or stereochemistries, have been included.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Blunt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
| | - Brent R Copp
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Robert A Keyzers
- Centre for Biodiscovery, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Murray H G Munro
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
| | - Michèle R Prinsep
- Chemistry, School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
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15
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Yun SH, Shin SW, Stonik VA, Park JI. Ceramide as a Target of Marine Triterpene Glycosides for Treatment of Human Myeloid Leukemia. Mar Drugs 2016; 14:md14110205. [PMID: 27827870 PMCID: PMC5128748 DOI: 10.3390/md14110205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous myeloid clonal disorder exhibiting the accumulation of immature myeloid progenitors in the bone marrow and peripheral blood. Standard AML therapy requires intensive combination chemotherapy, which leads to significant treatment-related toxicity. The search for new, low toxic marine agents, inducing the generation of ceramide in leukemic cells is a new approach to improve the therapy of leukemia. This review focuses on the metabolism of sphingolipids, the role of ceramide in treating leukemia, and the antitumor activity, related to ceramide metabolism, of some marine metabolites, particularly stichoposides, triterpene glycosides extracted from sea cucumbers of the family Stichopodiidae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Hoon Yun
- Department of Biochemistry, Dong-A University College of Medicine, 32 Daesingongwon-ro, Seo-Gu, Busan 49201, Korea.
| | - Sung-Won Shin
- Department of Biochemistry, Dong-A University College of Medicine, 32 Daesingongwon-ro, Seo-Gu, Busan 49201, Korea.
| | - Valentin A Stonik
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Vladivostok 690022, Russia.
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Natural Sciences, Far East Federal University, Vladivostok 690091, Russia.
| | - Joo-In Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Dong-A University College of Medicine, 32 Daesingongwon-ro, Seo-Gu, Busan 49201, Korea.
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16
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Bahrami Y, Franco CMM. Acetylated Triterpene Glycosides and Their Biological Activity from Holothuroidea Reported in the Past Six Decades. Mar Drugs 2016; 14:E147. [PMID: 27527190 PMCID: PMC4999908 DOI: 10.3390/md14080147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 07/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Sea cucumbers have been valued for many centuries as a tonic and functional food, dietary delicacies and important ingredients of traditional medicine in many Asian countries. An assortment of bioactive compounds has been described in sea cucumbers. The most important and abundant secondary metabolites from sea cucumbers are triterpene glycosides (saponins). Due to the wide range of their potential biological activities, these natural compounds have gained attention and this has led to their emergence as high value compounds with extended application in nutraceutical, cosmeceutical, medicinal and pharmaceutical products. They are characterized by bearing a wide spectrum of structures, such as sulfated, non-sulfated and acetylated glycosides. Over 700 triterpene glycosides have been reported from the Holothuroidea in which more than 145 are decorated with an acetoxy group having 38 different aglycones. The majority of sea cucumber triterpene glycosides are of the holostane type containing a C18 (20) lactone group and either Δ(7(8)) or Δ(9(11)) double bond in their genins. The acetoxy group is mainly connected to the C-16, C-22, C-23 and/or C-25 of their aglycone. Apparently, the presence of an acetoxy group, particularly at C-16 of the aglycone, plays a significant role in the bioactivity; including induction of caspase, apoptosis, cytotoxicity, anticancer, antifungal and antibacterial activities of these compounds. This manuscript highlights the structure of acetylated saponins, their biological activity, and their structure-activity relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadollah Bahrami
- Medical Biotechnology, Flinders Medical Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide SA 5042, Australia.
- Centre for Marine Bioproducts Development, Flinders University, Adelaide SA 5042, Australia.
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714415185, Iran.
| | - Christopher M M Franco
- Medical Biotechnology, Flinders Medical Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide SA 5042, Australia.
- Centre for Marine Bioproducts Development, Flinders University, Adelaide SA 5042, Australia.
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17
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Wegner MS, Schiffmann S, Parnham MJ, Geisslinger G, Grösch S. The enigma of ceramide synthase regulation in mammalian cells. Prog Lipid Res 2016; 63:93-119. [PMID: 27180613 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2016.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Ceramide synthases (CerS) are key enzymes in the lipid metabolism of eukaryotic cells. Their products, ceramides (Cer), are components of cellular membranes but also mediate signaling functions in physiological processes such as proliferation, skin barrier function and cerebellar development. In pathophysiological processes such as multiple sclerosis and tumor progression, ceramide levels are altered, which can be ascribed, partly, to dysregulation of CerS gene transcription. Most publications deal with the effects of altered ceramide levels on physiological and pathophysiological processes, but the regulation of the appropriate CerS is frequently not investigated. This is insufficient for the clarification of the role of ceramides, because most ceramide species are generated by at least two CerS. The mechanisms of CerS regulation are manifold and it seems that each CerS isoform is regulated individually. For this reason, we discuss the different CerS separately in this review. From transcriptional regulation to alteration of protein activity, the possibilities to influence CerS are diverse. Furthermore, CerS are influenced by a variety of molecules including hormones and lipids. Without claiming completeness, we provide a résumé of the regulatory mechanisms for each CerS in mammalian cells and how dysregulation of these mechanisms during physiological processes may lead to pathophysiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marthe-Susanna Wegner
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Johann- Wolfgang Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Susanne Schiffmann
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Project Group Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (TMP), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Michael John Parnham
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Project Group Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (TMP), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Gerd Geisslinger
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Johann- Wolfgang Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sabine Grösch
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Johann- Wolfgang Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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