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Bhatti ABH, Qasim SF, Zamrood Z, Riyaz S, Khan NY, Zia HH, Atiq M. Patient Selection for Living Donor Liver Transplantation in Acute-on-chronic Liver Failure. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2024; 14:101403. [PMID: 38660560 PMCID: PMC11036089 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2024.101403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is associated with high short-term mortality without liver transplantation (LT). The selection criteria for LT in these patients are not well defined. The objective of this study was to determine factors associated with post-transplant survival in ACLF. Methods This was a single-center retrospective study of patients who underwent living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) for ACLF between 2012 and 2022. Out of 1093 transplants, 110 patients had underlying ACLF, based on the European Association for the Study of the Liver-Chronic Liver Failure Consortium (EASL-CLIF) criteria. We looked at factors associated with 1-year posttransplant survival. Results The median model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score was 33.5 (31-38), and the 1-year posttransplant survival was 72%. Six risk factors were associated with posttransplant survival, namely, body mass index > 30 kg/m2 [HR, 4.4; 95% CI, 1.8-10.7], platelet count < 66,000/μl [HR, 2.91; CI,1.2-6.6], poor response to medical treatment [HR, 2.6; CI, 1.1-5.7], drug-resistant bacterial or fungal cultures [HR, 4.2; CI, 1.4-12.4], serum creatinine > 2.5 mg/dl [HR, 3.4; CI, 1.5-7.7], and graft-to-recipient weight ratio < 0.7 [HR, 4.8; CI, 1.4-16.3]. The 1-year post-transplant survival was 84% in patients with 0-2 risk factors (n = 89) and was 6% with 3 risk factors (n = 15) (P < 0.001). For 1-year posttransplant survival, the area under curve (AUC) for the current model was 0.8 (0.69-0.9). The AUC for CLIF-ACLF, Chronic Liver Failure-Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (CLIF-SOFA), and EASL-CLIF ACLF grades was < 0.5. Conclusion In LT for ACLF, acceptable survival can be achieved when less than three high-risk factors are present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Bakar H. Bhatti
- Department of Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Pakistan
| | - Syeda F. Qasim
- Department of Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zamrood Zamrood
- Department of Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shahzad Riyaz
- Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Pakistan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Nusrat Y. Khan
- Department of Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Haseeb H. Zia
- Department of Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Pakistan
| | - Muslim Atiq
- Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Pakistan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Kim JH, Kim SE, Song DS, Kim HY, Yoon EL, Kim TH, Jung YK, Suk KT, Jun BG, Yim HJ, Kwon JH, Lee SW, Kang SH, Kim MY, Jeong SW, Jang JY, Yoo JJ, Kim SG, Jin YJ, Cheon GJ, Kim BS, Seo YS, Kim HS, Sinn DH, Chung WJ, Kim HY, Lee HA, Nam SW, Kim IH, Suh JI, Kim JH, Chae HB, Sohn JH, Cho JY, Kim YJ, Yang JM, Park JG, Kim W, Cho HC, Kim DJ. Platelet-to-White Blood Cell Ratio Is Associated with Adverse Outcomes in Cirrhotic Patients with Acute Deterioration. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11092463. [PMID: 35566588 PMCID: PMC9103428 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11092463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The platelet-to-white blood cell ratio (PWR) is a hematologic marker of the systemic inflammatory response. Recently, the PWR was revealed to have a role as an independent prognostic factor for mortality in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related acute-on-chronic failure (ACLF) and HBV-related liver cirrhosis (LC) with acute decompensation (AD). However, the prognostic role of the PWR still needs to be investigated in LC patients with AD. In this study, we analyzed whether the PWR could stratify the risk of adverse outcomes (death or liver transplantation (LT)) in these patients. Methods: A prospective cohort of 1670 patients with AD of liver cirrhosis ((age: 55.2 ± 7.8, male = 1226 (73.4%)) was enrolled and evaluated for 28-day and overall adverse outcomes. Results: During a median follow-up of 8.0 months (range, 1.9−15.5 months), 424 (25.4%) patients had adverse outcomes (death = 377, LT = 47). The most common etiology of LC was alcohol use (69.7%). The adverse outcome rate was higher for patients with a PWR ≤ 12.1 than for those with a PWR > 12.1. A lower PWR level was a prognostic factor for 28-day adverse outcomes (PWR: hazard ratio 1.707, p = 0.034) when adjusted for the etiology of cirrhosis, infection, ACLF, and the MELD score. In the subgroup analysis, the PWR level stratified the risk of 28-day adverse outcomes regardless of the presence of ACLF or the main form of AD but not for those with bacterial infection. Conclusions: A lower PWR level was associated with 28-day adverse outcomes, indicating that the PWR level can be a useful and simple tool for stratifying the risk of 28-day adverse outcomes in LC patients with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hee Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (J.-H.K.); (K.-T.S.); (H.-S.K.); (D.-J.K.)
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Sung-Eun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (J.-H.K.); (K.-T.S.); (H.-S.K.); (D.-J.K.)
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-380-3708
| | - Do-Seon Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea; (D.-S.S.); (H.-Y.K.); (J.-H.K.); (S.-W.L.); (J.-M.Y.)
| | - Hee-Yeon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea; (D.-S.S.); (H.-Y.K.); (J.-H.K.); (S.-W.L.); (J.-M.Y.)
| | - Eileen L. Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Korea; (E.L.Y.); (J.-H.S.)
| | - Tae-Hyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan 15355, Korea; (T.-H.K.); (Y.-K.J.); (H.-J.Y.); (Y.-S.S.); (J.-H.K.)
| | - Young-Kul Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan 15355, Korea; (T.-H.K.); (Y.-K.J.); (H.-J.Y.); (Y.-S.S.); (J.-H.K.)
| | - Ki-Tae Suk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (J.-H.K.); (K.-T.S.); (H.-S.K.); (D.-J.K.)
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Baek-Gyu Jun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul 01757, Korea; (B.-G.J.); (S.-H.K.)
| | - Hyung-Joon Yim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan 15355, Korea; (T.-H.K.); (Y.-K.J.); (H.-J.Y.); (Y.-S.S.); (J.-H.K.)
| | - Jung-Hyun Kwon
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea; (D.-S.S.); (H.-Y.K.); (J.-H.K.); (S.-W.L.); (J.-M.Y.)
| | - Sung-Won Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea; (D.-S.S.); (H.-Y.K.); (J.-H.K.); (S.-W.L.); (J.-M.Y.)
| | - Seong-Hee Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul 01757, Korea; (B.-G.J.); (S.-H.K.)
| | - Moon-Young Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Korea;
| | - Soung-Won Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04401, Korea; (S.-W.J.); (J.-Y.J.)
| | - Jae-Young Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04401, Korea; (S.-W.J.); (J.-Y.J.)
| | - Jeong-Ju Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon 14584, Korea; (J.-J.Y.); (S.-G.K.)
| | - Sang-Gyune Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon 14584, Korea; (J.-J.Y.); (S.-G.K.)
| | - Young-Joo Jin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Korea;
| | - Gab-Jin Cheon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gangneung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung 25440, Korea;
| | - Byung-Seok Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu 42472, Korea;
| | - Yeon-Seok Seo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan 15355, Korea; (T.-H.K.); (Y.-K.J.); (H.-J.Y.); (Y.-S.S.); (J.-H.K.)
| | - Hyung-Su Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (J.-H.K.); (K.-T.S.); (H.-S.K.); (D.-J.K.)
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Sinn
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06531, Korea;
| | - Woo-Jin Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu 42601, Korea;
| | - Hwi-Young Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07804, Korea; (H.-Y.K.); (H.-A.L.)
| | - Han-Ah Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07804, Korea; (H.-Y.K.); (H.-A.L.)
| | - Seung-Woo Nam
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Medical Center, Seoul 04564, Korea;
| | - In-Hee Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54896, Korea;
| | - Jung-Il Suh
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Kyongju 38067, Korea;
| | - Ji-Hoon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan 15355, Korea; (T.-H.K.); (Y.-K.J.); (H.-J.Y.); (Y.-S.S.); (J.-H.K.)
| | - Hee-Bok Chae
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, Korea;
| | - Joo-Hyun Sohn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Korea; (E.L.Y.); (J.-H.S.)
| | - Ju-Yeon Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea;
| | - Yoon-Jun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Jin-Mo Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea; (D.-S.S.); (H.-Y.K.); (J.-H.K.); (S.-W.L.); (J.-M.Y.)
| | - Jung-Gil Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu 42415, Korea;
| | - Won Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul 07061, Korea;
| | - Hyun-Chin Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Korea;
| | - Dong-Joon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (J.-H.K.); (K.-T.S.); (H.-S.K.); (D.-J.K.)
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
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5
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Wang Y, Dong F, Sun S, Wang X, Zheng X, Huang Y, Li B, Gao Y, Qian Z, Liu F, Lu X, Liu J, Ren H, Zheng Y, Yan H, Deng G, Qiao L, Zhang Y, Gu W, Xiang X, Zhou Y, Xu B, Hou Y, Zhang Q, Xiong Y, Zou C, Chen J, Huang Z, Jiang X, Qi T, Luo S, Chen Y, Gao N, Liu C, Yuan W, Mei X, Li J, Li T, Zheng R, Zhou X, Zhang W, Li H, Meng Z. Increased INR Values Predict Accelerating Deterioration and High Short-Term Mortality Among Patients Hospitalized With Cirrhosis or Advanced Fibrosis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:762291. [PMID: 34869468 PMCID: PMC8637055 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.762291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective: An increase in the international normalized ratio (INR) is associated with increased mortality in patients with cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases, while little is known about the quantitative relationship. This study aimed to investigate the quantitative relationship between the INR and short-term prognosis among patients hospitalized with cirrhosis or advanced fibrosis and to evaluate the role of the INR as a risk factor for short-term liver transplant (LT)-free mortality in these patients. Patients and Methods: This study prospectively analyzed multicenter cohorts established by the Chinese Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure (CATCH-LIFE) study. Cox regression was used to describe the relationship between the INR and independent risk factors for short-term LT-free mortality. Forest plots were used in the subgroup analysis. Generalized additive models (GAMs) and splines were used to illustrate the quantitative curve relationship between the INR and the outcome and inflection point on the curve. Results: A total of 2,567 patients with cirrhosis and 924 patients with advanced fibrosis were included in the study. The 90-day LT-free mortality of patients with cirrhosis and advanced fibrosis was 16.7% (428/2,567) and 7.5% (69/924), respectively. In the multivariable Cox regression analysis, the increase in the INR was independently associated with the risk of 90-day LT-free mortality both in patients with cirrhosis (HR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.04–1.07, p < 0.001) and in patients with advanced fibrosis (HR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.06–1.12, p < 0.001). An INR of 1.6/1.7 was found to be the starting point of coagulation dysfunction with a rapid increase in mortality in patients with cirrhosis or in patients with advanced fibrosis, respectively. A 28-day LT-free mortality of 15% was associated with an INR value of 2.1 in both cirrhosis and advanced fibrosis patients. Conclusions: This study was the first to quantitatively describe the relationship between the INR and short-term LT-free mortality in patients with cirrhosis or advanced fibrosis. The starting points of INR indicating the rapid increase in mortality and the unified cutoff value of coagulation failure in cirrhosis and advanced fibrosis, will help clinicians accurately recognize early disease deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Cancer, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Chinese Chronic Liver Failure Consortium, China
| | - Fuchen Dong
- Chinese Chronic Liver Failure Consortium, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuning Sun
- Chinese Chronic Liver Failure Consortium, China.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Xianbo Wang
- Chinese Chronic Liver Failure Consortium, China.,Center of Integrative Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Zheng
- Chinese Chronic Liver Failure Consortium, China.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Tongji Medical College, Institute of Infection and Immunology, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Chinese Chronic Liver Failure Consortium, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Beiling Li
- Chinese Chronic Liver Failure Consortium, China.,Hepatology Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanhang Gao
- Chinese Chronic Liver Failure Consortium, China.,Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Zhiping Qian
- Chinese Chronic Liver Failure Consortium, China.,Department of Liver Intensive Care Unit, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Centre, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Chinese Chronic Liver Failure Consortium, China.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaobo Lu
- Chinese Chronic Liver Failure Consortium, China.,Infectious Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Junping Liu
- Chinese Chronic Liver Failure Consortium, China.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan, China
| | - Haotang Ren
- Chinese Chronic Liver Failure Consortium, China.,State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yubao Zheng
- Chinese Chronic Liver Failure Consortium, China.,Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huadong Yan
- Chinese Chronic Liver Failure Consortium, China.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Hwamei Hospital, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Guohong Deng
- Chinese Chronic Liver Failure Consortium, China.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Liang Qiao
- Chinese Chronic Liver Failure Consortium, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Chinese Chronic Liver Failure Consortium, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenyi Gu
- Chinese Chronic Liver Failure Consortium, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaomei Xiang
- Chinese Chronic Liver Failure Consortium, China.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Chinese Chronic Liver Failure Consortium, China.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Baoyan Xu
- Chinese Chronic Liver Failure Consortium, China.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yixin Hou
- Chinese Chronic Liver Failure Consortium, China.,Center of Integrative Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qun Zhang
- Chinese Chronic Liver Failure Consortium, China.,Center of Integrative Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Xiong
- Chinese Chronic Liver Failure Consortium, China.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Tongji Medical College, Institute of Infection and Immunology, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Congcong Zou
- Chinese Chronic Liver Failure Consortium, China.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Tongji Medical College, Institute of Infection and Immunology, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Chinese Chronic Liver Failure Consortium, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zebing Huang
- Chinese Chronic Liver Failure Consortium, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiuhua Jiang
- Chinese Chronic Liver Failure Consortium, China.,Hepatology Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Qi
- Chinese Chronic Liver Failure Consortium, China.,Hepatology Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sen Luo
- Department of Infectious Disease, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Cancer, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Chinese Chronic Liver Failure Consortium, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Department of Infectious Disease, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Cancer, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Chinese Chronic Liver Failure Consortium, China
| | - Na Gao
- Chinese Chronic Liver Failure Consortium, China.,Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- Chinese Chronic Liver Failure Consortium, China.,Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Chinese Chronic Liver Failure Consortium, China.,Department of Liver Intensive Care Unit, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Centre, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue Mei
- Chinese Chronic Liver Failure Consortium, China.,Department of Liver Intensive Care Unit, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Centre, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Li
- Chinese Chronic Liver Failure Consortium, China.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tao Li
- Chinese Chronic Liver Failure Consortium, China.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Rongjiong Zheng
- Chinese Chronic Liver Failure Consortium, China.,Infectious Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xinyi Zhou
- Chinese Chronic Liver Failure Consortium, China.,Infectious Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Weituo Zhang
- Chinese Chronic Liver Failure Consortium, China.,Clinical Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai Li
- Chinese Chronic Liver Failure Consortium, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongji Meng
- Department of Infectious Disease, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Cancer, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Chinese Chronic Liver Failure Consortium, China
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